TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................................... 11 1.1 1.2 2
THE SWEDISH-NORWEGIAN COOPERATION ................................................. 13 2.1 2.2
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INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 11 OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................ 12
THE HISTORY OF THE SWEDISH-NORWEGIAN COOPERATION ................................. 13 OTHER GRID DEVELOPMENT PLANS....................................................................... 14
THE NORDIC AND THE EUROPEAN MARKET ................................................ 16 3.1 3.2
FROM A NORDIC TO A EUROPEAN MARKET............................................................ 16 THE CLIMATE POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION – IMPLICATIONS FOR SWEDEN AND NORWAY .................................................................................................................... 16 3.3 GREEN CERTIFICATES ............................................................................................ 18 4 ACTIVITIES FOR A JOINT MARKET AND SYSTEM OPERATION DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................................................ 19 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5
PROSPECTS FOR THE ENERGY BALANCE ...................................................... 23 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
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DRIVERS FOR IMPROVING SYSTEM ADEQUACY ...................................................... 33 SHORT TERM PROSPECTS FOR POWER BALANCE.................................................... 33 LONG-TERM PROSPECTS FOR POWER BALANCE...................................................... 35 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER .................................................................................. 37
INTERNAL SWEDISH-NORWEGIAN GRID DEVELOPMENT ........................ 38 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8
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DRIVERS FOR THE ENERGY BALANCE .................................................................... 23 PAST TRENDS AND SHORT TERM PROSPECTS FOR THE ENERGY BALANCE............. 23 PROSPECTS FOR YEAR 2020 ................................................................................... 26 WIND POWER GENERATION: HOW MUCH, WHERE AND WHEN? ............................ 30 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER .................................................................................. 31
PROSPECTS FOR THE POWER BALANCE ........................................................ 33 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
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DRIVERS FOR SYSTEM AND BALANCING SERVICES ................................................ 19 SWEDISH-NORWEGIAN DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEM AND BALANCE SERVICES ....... 19 EUROPEAN NEED FOR SYSTEM AND BALANCING SERVICES ................................... 20 CONGESTION MANAGEMENT .................................................................................. 21 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER .................................................................................. 21
DRIVERS AND CHALLENGES FOR GRID EXTENSIONS .............................................. 38 TRANSMISSION PATTERNS IN THE SWEDISH AND THE NORWEGIAN GRIDS ............. 40 GRID DEVELOPMENT, NORTHERN REGION ............................................................. 44 GRID DEVELOPMENT, THE MID REGION ................................................................. 47 GRID DEVELOPMENT, SOUTHERN REGION ............................................................. 49 OTHER NATIONAL PROJECTS OF IMPORTANCE TO THE NORDIC SYSTEM ................ 52 THE PERMIT PROCEDURE ....................................................................................... 54 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER .................................................................................. 54
INTERCONNECTIONS TO EXTERNAL NETWORKS....................................... 56 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5
DRIVERS AND CHALLENGES FOR GRID EXTENSIONS .............................................. 56 EUROPEAN MARKET INTEGRATION IN THE SCENARIOS .......................................... 60 PLANNED AND POTENTIAL EXTERNAL GRID EXTENSIONS ..................................... 61 PROFITABILITY EVALUATION OF EXTERNAL PROJECTS.......................................... 63 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER .................................................................................. 65
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