A little bit of history

rEading&graMMar

1. Read the text about the history of NY and check out the new words.

400 years ago, before the world called New York the “city that never sleeps,” the local Indian tribe knew it as Mannahatta, the “land of many hills.” When Columbus arrived in 1492, Native Americans lived on this piece of land. They raised corn and Manhattan before the beans, gathered berries, nuts, and roots, Dutch arrived caught fish. Also, they hunted buffalo with bows and arrows and ate their meat. They built houses like tents, called wigwams, wore simple skirts and made a headdress of bird feather. They were excellent horsemen and rode very well. In 1624, the first settlers came from the Netherlands. Then, the Dutch bought Manhattan Island for $24, built a city there and called it New Amsterdam. Later in 1664, the British came, took over this land and named it New York.

2. Study the rule and complete the dialogue.

Rule

Subject (S) verbs Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I/you/ we/they/ he/she/it regular live – lived did not (didn’t) live Did+S+live? Wh-+did+S+live?

irregular go – went did not (didn’t) go

Did+S+go? Wh-+did+S+go?

Signal words yesterday / last week / a month ago / in 2010 / this morning / the other day

Mark: Yesterday I _______(read) a book about history of New York. Alice: _____ you _______(like) it? Mark: Yes, I _____(know) that Native Americans _____(live) in houses called wigwams. ____ you _____(know) that? Alice: Of course, no, but I like History. What ____ they _____(wear)? Mark: They ____(wear) skirts, trousers and boots, but they _____ (not, wear) beautiful dress like you. Alice: Ahhh, thank you.

3. Circle all the verbs in the past form you can find in the text. Put these verbs into the correct column and give their base form.

Regular verbs Irregular verbs base form past form base form past form live lived Ex. : catch caught

4. Write the past form of the verbs below in the correct column.

open / marry / like / cry / fit / mix / plan / wait / worry / chat / walk / carry / drop / watch / die / ask / study / add / clean / cook / discover / stop / visit / start / book / call

Spelling rule

infinitive +ed/d

visit – visited love – loved snow – snowed vowel + y: -ed play – played

consonant + y: -ied study – studied

one-syllable verb (1 vowel + 1 consonant): double consonant +ed stop – stopped plan – planned

- ed

opened

- d double cons. +ed - ied

5. Put the past form of the verbs above into the correct columns. Practise their pronunciation. Listen and check.

/ d /

opened

/ id / / t /

6. Write sentences in the past simple. Correct the sentences that aren’t true for you.

Ex: I meet with my friends in the park on Fridays. – I met my friends in the park on Friday.

1) We go to the cinema at weekends. 2) My family visit Rome every June. 3) My mother studies at Oxford University. 4) It rains a lot in autumn. 5) I have milk and toast for breakfast. 6) Dad watches TV in the evening. 7) I spend my holidays in the country.

7. Complete the sentences correctly with the negative form of the verb.

1) Columbus ____ Africa, he ____ America. (discover) 2) The Romans ____ New York, they ____ London. (build) 3) In the 1880s cowboys ____ bicycles, they ____ horses. (ride) 4) Americans ____ potatoes first, they _____ corn. (grow) 5) In the 14th century, people _____ that the Earth was round, they ____ it was flat. (think) 6) Thomas Edison ____ the Internet, he _____ the light bulb. (invent) 7) The Titanic ______ in the Pacific Ocean, it ______ in the Atlantic. (sink)

spEaking

8. Complete the dialogues with the correct form of the verb in the past simple tense.

How was your week?___ you ___ (exercise)?

I___ (not, go) to the gym, but I___ (run) in the park and ___ (swim) in the pool.

How was your trip? ____ you ___ (see) any nice places?

Yes, that was fantastic, I ___ (not, have) time to see everything, but the main square was beautiful. We also ___ (eat) at cafe and then ___ (shop) in the local department store. How was your weekend? ___ you ___ (do) anything interesting?

I ____ (not, do) anything really. I just _____ (stay) at home.

How was your day? ___ you ___ (go) anywhere?

My family and I ___ (visit) Carlton Forest.

___ you ___ (go) walking a lot?

No, we ___ (ride) our bikes.

9. Talk about the life of the Native Americans. How did Native Americans live? What did they do? Look at the pictures and write sentences using the prompts.

1) build wigwams 2) make clothes of skins 3) wear trousers or shorts 4) paint pottery 5) row boats to travel 6) fish and farm 7) cook on campfires 8) play board games 9) learn how to fight 10) hunt wild animals 11) eat at the table 12) go to schools 13) live in cave 14) read and write 15) work in the field

10. Make up a questionnaire for your parents or grandparents about their life in the past. Ask questions about the things and places they did or had in their childhood. Use the following prompts or your own ideas.

Ex.: Did you have smart phones? Did you watch videos? Did you wear jeans?

1) play sports 2) read comics 3) have hobby 4) have a dream 5) use the Internet 6) study English 7) visit museum 8) eat cheesecake 9) have a party 10) travel abroad 11) go to a concert 12) ride a bicycle

Remember

regular verbs: we add ‘ed’ to the base form to make the past. irregular verbs: you must learn and remember their past forms to make the negative form, use didn’t to the base form to make an interrogative sentence, use Did to the base form