VĚSTNÍK
Monday, December 13, 2021 Example: Pán ředitel podal zprávu o škole.
Slovanská Podporující Jednota Státu Texas
Česká
Část
ROČNÍK 109 ZÁŘÍ 23
13.prosinec.2021
Podpora ★ Lidskost ★ Bratrstvi´ BENEVOLENCE HUMANITY BROTHERHOOD
Sem means ‘here’ or ‘to here’, with action. Example: Včera prijeli sem. Pojď sem! Dojeli sem šťastně.
Lekce osmnáctá Lesson 18
All of these involved action in coming or getting here.
Correcting some often-made errors.
Jsem means simply ‘I am’, or when used with certain verbs, denotes tense, or time something happened.
In this lesson, we will deal with some errors that are frequently made by Czechs in Texas. Kde/Kam
Example: Jsem už starší člověk. Jsem by (byla) na výletě v horách. Jsem se měl dobře.
These two words are probably misused more than any others. We frequently hear, ‘Kde jedeš?’ This is wrong. To indicate the physical action of going somewhere, the word kam is used: Kam jdes; Kam jedeš? The word kde indicates a stationary situation, and cannot be used to indicate physical action.
In speaking the above two words of sem and jsem, there is practically no recognizable difference. However, in writing it makes all the difference in the world. One means one thing, and the other means something else.
Example: Kde to je? Kde bydlíte? Kde je nádraží? etc. And using kam, we say the following: Kam pojedete večer? Kam půjdete po divadle? Kam jste šli po zábavě, etc. All you need to remember is whether you are indicating action or not.
Správa/Zpráva
S
S
S
Sem/Jsem We call words like these homonyms. They sound the same, but have entirely different meanings. In English, some homonyms are there, their, they’re; bear, bare; and close, clothes.
S
S
S
S
S
Umět/Mohu Umět means ‘to know how to do things’. It must not be confusedwith mohu.
Uředni orgán SPJST ★ Založené roku 1897
Učme se česky Let Us Study Czech
Using both words: Vedoucí státní správy podal podrobnou zprávu o své činnosti.
Example: Umíte mluvit česky? Ten člověk neumí mlčet. Umíš hráti na klavír? Mohu means ‘I can’, indicating permission. Example: Mohu jet s vámi - Can I go with you? Ano, mohu vám to říci. In colloquial speech, možu, and můžou may be used for mohu, mohou. S
Nesmím means ‘I must not’. Nemusím means ‘I need not; I don’t have to.’ S
Správa means administration; správka, which is a repair; or spraviti which means to fix or to repair. Example: Státní správá je umístěna v Austině. Strojník provedl správku na pračce. Podařilo se mu náš přijímač spraviti. Zpráva means report.
S
S
Smět Smět means ‘to be allowed to’: smím - I may smíš - you may smí - he/she may smíme - we may smíte - you (pl.) may smějí - they may Examples: Smím kouřit? - Smíte. Smím vás doprovodit? - Nemusíte. S
S
kde kam sem jsem správa zpráva smím uměti mohu nesmím musím smějí S
S
S
Read out loud and translate: Čisťounka Anička Pohledněte na Aničku jak pěkně padla v kašičku Teď tu stojí - neví rady: proč jenom šla do zahrady! Proč pak neposlechla máti, že si smí doma hráti. Vyběhla, že se proskáče - teď tu stojí, smutně pláče. —SPJST—
S
Nesmím/Nemusím
S
Here are two tricky words, both written and pronounced exactly the same, but again have two entirely different meanings. It is, therefore, important that we know how to spell the one we wish to use.
S
23
S
Exercise Use the following words in a sentence:
Czech Cultural Calendar Tuesday through Saturday Czech Heritage Museum and Genealogy Center, 119 West French Avenue, Temple. Tuesday through Saturday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. To arrange a private small group tour, contact the Museum: czechheritagemuseum@gmail.com; or leave a message 254-899-2935. The Museum hosts Czech Films on the second Tuesdays of the month - at Beltonian Theatre, 219 East Central Avenue, Belton: Matinee at 3 p.m.; Night - 6 p.m. Free admission. Donations accepted online or through a donation box at the concession window. Imported Czech beer, wine available. Every First and Third Tuesday Evenings Tarok Parties—at Czech Heritage Museum, Temple, 119 West French. All ages and anyone interested are welcome. No admission or fee. Jimmie and Carolyn Coufal are award-winning tournament champions who not only teach beginners, but also help experienced players increase their skill. For information, call CHMGC 254-899-2935; find them on Facebook; or on the web at https://czechheritagemuseum.org. —SPJST—
