Common Myths & Facts about Autism

AS A CARE PROVIDER, Judson Center meets families every week who are searching for clear, reliable information about autism. Misinformation spreads quickly, and it can cause fear or delay in seeking supports that improve lives. Below we unpack several common myths and offer evidence-based facts to help caregivers, educators, and community members better understand autism.

Myth 1: Vaccines cause autism.

Fact: Extensive scientific research finds no causal link between vaccines and autism. Large cohort and case-control studies, and a robust 2014 meta-analysis that pooled data from over one million children, found no association between childhood vaccinations, including the MMR vaccine, and the development of autism spectrum disorder. Major public health bodies continue to affirm vaccine safety, and avoiding vaccination puts children at risk for serious infectious diseases. (Taylor, Swerdfeger, & Eslick, 2014; CDC, 2025).

Myth 2: All autistic people lack empathy, or they don’t want friendships.

Fact: Many autistic people feel deeply and want social connection, but they may express emotions differently, or find typical social cues confusing. What looks like lack of empathy can sometimes be sensory overload, difficulty with nonverbal communication, or challenges in perspective-taking that are part of the autism profile. Encouraging relationships, teaching social skills, and providing sensory-aware environments can make a big difference. (Autism Speaks, n.d.).

Myth 3: Every autistic person is a “savant,” or has geniuslevel abilities.

Fact: While some autistic people have exceptional skills or intense special interests, the “Rain Man” stereotype is rare and unhelpful. Autism presents across a broad spectrum of strengths and challenges, from people requiring substantial support to those who live independently with few supports. Recognize the person first, rather than chasing stereotypes. (Ambitious About Autism, 2024).

Myth 4: Autism only affects boys.

Fact: Autism occurs across all genders. Historically, diagnostic criteria and social expectations meant many girls and women were underdiagnosed, because some present differently or learn to mask differences. Becoming more gender-aware in screening and assessment improves identification and access to supports for everyone. (National Autistic Society, n.d.).

Myth 5: “Everyone is a little autistic,” so autism is not a real condition.

Fact: While many people may relate to individual traits common in autism, clinical autism is a distinct neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent differences in social communication and restricted or repetitive behaviors that affect daily functioning. Minimizing autism as a casual descriptor

can be invalidating to autistic individuals and families seeking support. (Ambitious About Autism, 2024). Practical guidance for families and community partners

1. If you have questions or concerns about a child’s development, seek screening early. Early evaluation leads to earlier supports, which often improve outcomes. The CDC and local providers can point you to validated screening tools and referral pathways. (CDC, 2025).

2. Use reputable sources, and ask your child’s pediatrician or your Judson Center care team when you see claims online that sound alarming. Scientific consensus evolves, but today’s largescale evidence supports vaccines and promotes neurodiversityaffirming care. (Taylor et al., 2014; Autism Speaks, n.d.).

3. Focus on supports that improve daily life, such as speech therapy, behavioral interventions, schoolbased accommodations, and sensory strategies, tailored to the child’s needs and family goals.

Dispelling myths is not about shutting down questions, it’s about replacing fear with facts, and stigma with supports. At

Judson Center we aim to partner with families, offering clear information and compassionate services so that autistic people can thrive in school, work, and community life.

References

1. Taylor, L. E., Swerdfeger, A. L., & Eslick, G. D. (2014). Vaccines are not associated with autism: An evidence-based metaanalysis of case-control and cohort studies. Vaccine, 32(29), 3623–3629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.085

2. Autism Speaks. (n.d.). Do vaccines cause autism? https:// www.autismspeaks.org/do-vaccines-cause-autism

3. Ambitious About Autism. (2024). Autism myths and facts. https://www.ambitiousaboutautism.org.uk/ what-we-do/awareness/autism-myths-and-facts

4. National Autistic Society. (n.d.). What is autism? https:// www.autism.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/what-is-autism

5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2025). Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). https:// www.cdc.gov/autism/index.html