How to Calculate Total Shareholder Returns (TSR)

How to Calculate Total Shareholder Returns (TSR)

What is Total Shareholder Return (TSR)?

Total shareholder return is rate of return earned by an investor by investing in stocks of Companies during the investment period.

An investor investing in stocks makes money in two ways;

• •

First is the capital appreciation or loss from rise or fall in the share price of the Company.

Second is the dividends earned on the stocks (Dividend yield)

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How is TSR measured?

•

TSR for one year is calculated as;

•

Total Shareholders Return = P1 – P0 + Dividend P0 Where P1 = Share price at the end of the year P0 = Share price at the beginning of the year

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How to calculate TSR for 1 year - Example •

Suppose you have purchased one share of ABC Limited for $100 on 1st Jan 2019. On 31st Dec 2019, the share price is $112. You also earned $5 as dividend during the year.

Share price appreciation = ((112-100)/100) = 12%

TSR = 17%.

Dividend Yield = (5/100) = 5%

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TSR calculation Example – Investment period >1year (no dividend payout) – (1/3) •

John has purchased 1 share of Orange Limited for $110 on 31st December 2015. Orange Limited has not paid any dividend till date. John wants to calculate the total returns earned annually by him in Orange Limited from 31st December 2015 to 31st December 2020.

In this example, there is no dividend payment, therefore the dividend yield is NIL.

Table showing the share price of Orange Limited for last 5 years

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Total shareholder return in this case, is equal to the share price appreciation.

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TSR calculation Example – Investment period >1year (no dividend payout) – (2/3)

Table showing annual Share price appreciation and Dividend yield of Orange Limited for last 5 years

•

Share price appreciation = P1 – P0 P0

•

Dividend yield = Dividend paid during the year P0

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P1 = Share price at the end of the year P0 = Share price at the beginning of the year

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TSR calculation Example – Investment period >1year (no dividend payout) – (3/3)

TSR Calculation can be done by 2 ways

Method 1 – Calculate absolute Share price appreciation

Method 2 – Calculate annualized yield using Geomean function in excel

• To calculate Geomean, type =Geomean(1+(YoY return))-1

n = Total no of years

• = Geomean(1+(4.5%,-21.7%,33.3%,12.5%,8.9%))-1 • Then press, Control + Shift + Enter (Since it is an array function). You get the same answer.

• TSR = 6%.

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TSR calculation Example – Investment period >1year (with dividend payout) – (1/4) •

Joe has purchased 1 share of XYZ Limited for $110 on 31st December 2015. XYZ Limited has paid dividends annually. John wants to calculate the total returns earned annually by him in XYZ Limited from 31st December 2015 to 31st December 2020.

In this example, the Company has paid dividends annually.

Table showing the share price and dividend payments by XYZ Limited for last 5 years

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Total shareholder return in this case, is equal to the share price appreciation plus dividend yield.

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TSR calculation Example – Investment period >1year (with dividend payout) – (2/4)

Table showing annual Share price appreciation and Dividend yield of XYZ Limited for last 5 years

•

Share price appreciation = P1 – P0 P0

•

Dividend yield = Dividend paid during the year P0

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P1 = Share price at the end of the year P0 = Share price at the beginning of the year

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TSR calculation Example – Investment period >1year (with dividend payout) – (3/4)

Table showing annual value of $100 invested in XYZ Limited on 31st Dec 2015

• Suppose you had invested $100 on 31st Dec 2015, your investment would have become $110 on 31st Dec 2016 (ie, 100(1+10%)) • In 2017, the investment would become $92.3 (ie, 110*(1+(-16.1%))

• Likewise, it would become $186.3 by 31st Dec 2020

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TSR calculation Example – Investment period >1year (with dividend payout) – (4/4)

TSR Calculation can be done by 2 ways

Method 1 – Calculate annualized appreciation in value of investment

Method 2 – Calculate annualized yield using Geomean function in excel

• To calculate Geomean, type =Geomean(1+(YoY return))-1 • = Geomean(1+(10%,-16.1%,44.4%,22.5%,14.1%))-1

n = Total no of years

• Then press, Control + Shift + Enter (Since it is an array function). You get the same answer.

• TSR = 13.3%.

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