Further Reading

adjusted life expectancy, co-morbidities and capacities, as defined by geriatric assessment, have to be integrated, to achieve an individualised therapy-planning and to optimise clinical outcome.

• Bammer C, Sperr WR, Kemmler G et al. Clustering of comorbidities is related to age and sex and impacts clinical outcome in myelodysplastic syndromes. J Geriatr Oncol. 2014;5:299-306 • Brunning RD, Orazi A, Germing U et al. Chapter 5, pp 88–107 in WHO classification of tumours of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, Swerdlow et al, Lyon: IACR Press, 2008. • Deschler B, Ihorst G, Platzbecker U, et al: Parameters detected by geriatric and quality of life assessment in 195 older patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia are highly predictive for outcome. Haematologica 2013; 98: 208-216 • Fenaux P, Mufti GJ, Hellstrom-Lindberg E et al. Efficacy of Azacitidine compared with that of conventional care regiment in the treatment of high risk myelodysplastic syndromes: A randomized open label phase III-study (AZA-001). International Vidaza high-risk MDS Survival Study Group; Lancet Oncol 2009; 10: 223-32. • Fenaux P, Haase D, Sanz GF, Santini V, Buske C; ESMO Guidelines Working Group.

Myelodysplastic syndromes: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2014; 25 Suppl 3:57-69. • Giagounidis A, Mufti GJ, Fenaux P, et al. Results of a randomized, double-blind study of romiplostim versus placebo in patients with low/intermediate-1-risk myelodysplastic syndrome and thrombocytopenia. Cancer. 2014;120:1838-1846. • Gore SD1, Fenaux P, Santini V et al. A multivariate analysis of the relationship between response and survival among patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes treated within azacitidine or conventional care regimens in the randomized AZA-001 trial. Haematologica. 2013;98:1067-1072. • Greenberg P, Cox C, LeBeau MM et al. International scoring system for evaluating prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 1997; 89: 2079-2088. • Greenberg PL, Tuechler H, Schanz J et al. Revised International Prognostic Scoring

System (IPSS-R) for Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Blood. 2012;120:2454-2465. • Hamaker ME, Prins MC, Stauder R. The relevance of a geriatric assessment for elderly patients with a haematological malignancy – a systematic review. Leuk Res. 2014;38:275-283. • Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Gulbrandsen N, Lindberg G et al. A validated decision model for treating the anaemia of myelodysplastic syndromes with erythropoietin + granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: significant effects on quality of life. Br J

Haematol 2003; 120: 1037-1046.

• Jädersten M, Malcovati L, Dybedal I et al. Erythropoietin and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor treatment associated with improved survival in myelodysplastic syndrome. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 3607-3613. • Malcovati L, Germing U, Kuendgen A et al. Time-dependent prognostic scoring system for predicting survival and leukemic evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes.

J Clin Oncol 2009; 25:3503-3510. • Malcovati L, Hellström-Lindberg E, Bowen D et al. Diagnosis and treatment of primary myelodysplastic syndromes in adults: recommendations from the European

LeukemiaNet. Blood. 2013;122:2943-2964 • Nösslinger T, Tüchler H, Germing U et al. Prognostic impact of age and gender in 897 untreated patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes. Ann Oncol 2009; 21: 120-125. • Seymour JF, Fenaux P, Silverman LB et al. Effects of Azacitidine (AZA) Vs

Conventional Care Regimens (CCR) in Elderly ( 75 years) Patients (Pts) with

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) from the AZA-001 Survival Trial. Blood 2008; 112: 3629. • Sperr WR, Kundi M, Wimazal F et al. Proposed score for improved prediction of survival and life expectancy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Eur J Clin

Invest. 2013; 43:1120-1128 • Stauder R, Noesslinger Th, Pfeilstöcker M et al. Impact of Age and Comorbidity in

Myelodysplastic Syndromes. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2008; 6: 927-934. • Stauder R. The challenge of personalized risk assessment and therapy planning in elderly high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients. Ann Hematol, 2012, 91 (9), 1333-1343. • Xie M, Jiang Q, Xie Y. Comparison Between Decitabine and Azacitidine for the

Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis With 1392 Participants.

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2014; 14 :2152-2650.