Further Reading Chapter 08 – Cytotoxic and Targeted Anti-Cancer Treatment in the Senior Cancer Patient ......................................................................................................................................51

• Metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular disease • Anaemia

Anti-androgens (major drugspecific side effects) • Male menopausal symptoms • Gastrointestinal disturbance (bicalutamide, flutamide) • Gynaecomastia/mastodynia (bicalutamide) • Occular toxicity (nilutamide) • Pulmonary toxicity (nilutamide)

Miscellaneous • Cardiovascular disease (oestrogens) • Liver toxicity, gastrointestinal disturbance (ketoconazole) • Dermatologic toxicity (ketoconazole) • Diabetes (prednisone) • Hypertension (prednisone)

Abbreviation: GnRH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

Further Reading

• Al-Mubarak M, Sacher AG, Ocana A et al. Fulvestrant for advanced breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Treat Rev 2013;39:753-758. • Amir E, Seruga B, Niraula S et al. Toxicity of adjuvant endocrine therapy in postmenopausal breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J

Natl Cancer Inst 2011;103:1299-1309. • Beer TM, Armstrong AJ, Rathkopf DE et al. Enzalutamide in metastatic prostate cancer before chemotherapy. N Engl J Med 2014; 371:424-433. • Davies C, Pan H, Godwin J et al. Long-term effects of continuing adjuvant tamoxifen to 10 years versus stopping at 5 years after diagnosis of oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: ATLAS, a randomised trial. Lancet 2013; 381:805-816. • de Bono JS, Logothetis CJ, Molina A et al. Abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2011;364:1995-2005. • Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). Aromatase inhibitors versus tamoxifen in early breast cancer: patient-level meta-analysis of the randomised trials. Lancet 2015;386:1341–1352. • Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). Relevance of breast cancer hormone receptors and other factors to the efficacy of adjuvant tamoxifen: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet 2011; 378: 771–784.

• Niraula S, Le LW, Tannock IF. Treatment of prostate cancer with intermittent versus continuous androgen deprivation: a systematic review of randomized trials. J Clin

Oncol 2013;31:2029-2036. • Piccart M, Hortobagyi GN, CamponeM et al. Everolimus plus exemestane for hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative advanced breast cancer: overall survival results from BOLERO-2. Ann Oncol 2014;25: 2357–2362. • Ryan CJ, Smith MR, de Bono JS et al. Abiraterone in metastatic prostate cancer without previous chemotherapy. N Engl J Med 2013; 368:138-148. • Scher HI, Fizazi K, Saad F et al. Increased survival with enzalutamide in prostate cancer after chemotherapy. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:1187-1197. • Sweeney CJ, Chen Y-H, Carducci M et al. Chemohormonal Therapy in Metastatic

Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med 2015; • Turner NC, Ro J, Andre F, et al. Palbociclib in Hormone-Receptor–Positive Advanced

Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med 2015;373:209-219.