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terminology the set-up let's play (how to play) taking discard tiles tiles guide winning hand guide
dedications: ty for mama chow & paupau chiu for teaching 5th gr sinyee how to play; also ty for all my draft readers and test players!!
*triplets; “pung” *any 3 identical tiles
*quads; “gung” *any 4 identical tiles *hand size increases +1 for every Gong made (p.㊅)
Melds = Chows, Pungs, & Gongs
*a pair; “ahn” *any 2 identical tiles example: example: example: ✧ ✧ examples:
*runs/straights; “sherng” *3 consecutive tiles of the same suit (must be from Numbers, Dots, or Bamboos)
it’s a winning hand! *yell this when you win (“sick”) - it means "eat"
① shuffe a set of the Wind tiles face down & each players randomly selects one (put back into set when done)
East is always dealer South sits to dealer’s right West is across from dealer North is to dealer’s left
② shuffe tiles face down on table!
③ still face down, each player make a row of 18 tiles & stack another 18 on top of that (18 tiles wide x 2 tiles high wall)
④ East Player rolls 3 dice and count counter-clock wise (E is count #1) ; the player it ends on will count x stacks of tiles from the right side of their wall and make a gap between x and x+1
example: if 10 is rolled, the count ends at South, so South Player would count 10 stacks of tiles from the right side of their wall & make a gap btwn 10 + 11
*left of break = front of wall (start taking tiles from x+1)
*right of break = end of wall (if the wall is exhausted, take from the next left player's wall and so on until it returns to the end of the wall made from the break/tile x)
front; start taking the stacks from ⑪ end; replacement tiles are taken from ⑩
⑩ ⑪
⑤ East Player takes frst 2 stacks at front of wall, then S-W-N; repeat 2x more (12 tiles total)
*E draws 1 more stack (14 tiles total); S-W-N draws 1 more tile (13 tiles total)
⑥ exchange Bonus (fower & seasons) tiles in same order as above (replacement tiles are from the end of the wall); if replacement was also a Bonus, then wait until end of rotation to exchange - display all Bonus tiles
East
by discarding a tile
② South Player (or next player if someone calls) draws new tile* from front of the wall & discards an unwanted tile & so on (E-S-W-N...)
*take from top then bottom and so on, not straight across
✧
order of priority if more than one person wants a discarded tile: winning tile > Pung/Gong > Chow
✧
can take any immediately discard tile if you’re calling a win, Pung, or Gong; if you’re calling for a Chow, you can only take an immediately discarded tile from the player on your left
discard pile
✧ if you draw a Bonus tile, then put aside and draw a new tile from the end of the wall open melds & bonus tiles go here
disclaimer: I don’t know scoring, so won’t discuss that here sorry ;;
you can take a discarded tile from the PLAYER ON YOUR LEFT if...
① it’s a Chow (straight)
declare Chow (“sherng”)!
*display and set tiles aside (considered an open meld) *discard a tile
declare Sik! :-)
declare Pung!
*display & set tiles aside (considered an open meld)
*turn skips to you *discard a tile
declare Gong!
!!cannot take tile for an already opened (displayed) Pung!!
*most Gongs are displayed & tiles set aside (considered an open meld)
*turn skips to you; draw +1 tile from end of the wall & discard a tile from hand
*see additional rules below...
✧ open: calling “Gong” on the 4th tile for a closed Pung (not displayed & still in hand); display the Gong
✧ concealed: calling “Gong” on the 4th tile that has been self-drawn; set aside and display face-down
✧ promoted: if you have an open Pung and self-draw the 4th tile, you may create an open Gong *someone may steal tile to win if the self-draw was their winning tile
*you are not obligated to take a discarded tile if you don't want or need it
*closed melds don't have to be announced (ex: you have 2 identical tiles and self-draw the 3rd one. You don't have to display the Pung or say you created one
① it’s your winning tile!!!
you can take a discarded tile from ANY PLAYER if...
BASIC (some rules state that this is not a winning hand bc it scores too low) eyes + any meld x4
COMMON HAND eyes + all Chows
ALL IN TRIPLETS eyes + all Pungs or Kongs
SEVEN PAIRS all eyes (7 sets)
MIXED ONE SUIT only Honour tiles and tiles from one suit (eyes + any meld)
ALL ONE SUIT all tiles from one suit (eyes + any meld)
SMALL DRAGONS eyes (Dragon) + 2 melds (Dragons) + 2 melds (any tiles)
GREAT DRAGONS eyes (any tiles) + 3 melds (Dragons) + 1 meld (any tiles)
SMALL WINDS eyes (Winds) + 3 melds (Winds) + 1 meld (any tiles)
GREAT WINDS eyes (any tile) + 4 melds (Winds)
SELF-TRIPLETS eyes (any tiles) + 4 concealed Pungs (self-drawn)
THIRTEEN ORPHANS (THIRTEEN ENDS)
1 of each terminal for each suit + 1 of each Honour + any 1 of the above to form eyes *must be closed melds *terminal = 1 and 9
ORPHANS (ENDS) eyes (1 or 9) + Pungs/Kongs of 1 or 9 only
NINE GATES one suit consisting of 111-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-999 + any tile in set
ALL KONGS
4 Kong melds
① if East Player wins, then the winds stay the same; if any other player wins, then the winds shift counterclockwise (see below)
② that's all i got lol; i don't know scoring...so i normally just play for fun & never really followed any rules on a complete round.
i also found out that other versions call a Chow as an "eat", which is interesting! & obviously many styles don't incl Bonus tiles. there's a lot of different ways to play, so play w more people and master all versions!!! (jk, but also, it'd be fun, right?)
name: sinyee ♡ ig: @loi_sum
sinyee (aka SIN) played mahjong minimally prior, so this was a lot of research. she also did this while completing MS level courses. it was fun!
note: ty for reading & i hope everything makes sense; i know it's a bit wordy :-( but i hope you were able to understand & can play with your friends!
references:
* myself & mama chow (struggle)
* http://mcgillmahjong.blogspot.com/p/hong-kong-old-style-our-rules.html
* https://www.mahjongtime.com/hong-kong-mahjong-rules-2.html
*https://www.localiiz.com/post/culture-beginner-guide-how-to-play-cantonese-mahjong
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