NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
DEGREE PROJECT NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Sponsor: Clinikk Healthcare, Bangalore Volume: 01
STUDENT: SHWETA PROGRAMME: Bachelors of Design (B.Des) GUIDE: SURABHI KHANNA
2020 INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
This Evaluation Jury recommends SHWETA for the Degree of the National Institute of Design, Haryana IN INDUSTRIAL DESIGN Herewith, for the project titled “ NAMMA CLINKK - REDESIGN OF PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTRE ” On fulfilling the further requirements by* ____________________ _______________________________ ______________________________________ Chairman Members : ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________
_______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________
______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________
Jury grade: ________________________ *subsequent marks regarding fulfilling the requirements:
The project has been completed in ____________________ weeks.
Activity Chairperson, Education ______________________________________
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Privacy Statement Student Document Publication, meant for private circulation only. All rights reserved. No part of this document will be reproduced or transmitted in any form or any mean, electronically or mechanically, including photocopying or recording in any other forms without written permission from the publishers Edited and Designed by : Shweta B. Des, Industrial Design, © 2016-2020, National Institute of Design, Haryana. E-Mail: Shwe20399@gmail.com Graduation Project Guide : Surabhi Khanna Worked at: Clinikk Healthcare , 154/11, Radhakrishna Towers, Opp: IIMB Main Gate, Bannerghatta Main Rd, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560076
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Originality Statement
Copyright Statement
I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and it contains no full or substantial copy or previously published material, or it does not even contain substantial proportions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or final graduation of any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgment is made in this graduation project. Moreover I also declare that none of the concepts are borrowed or copied without due acknowledgment. I further declare that the intellectual content of this graduation project is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others in the project’s design and conception or in style, presentation and linguistic expression is acknowledged. This graduation project (or part of it) was not and will not be submitted as assessed work in any other academic course.
I hereby grant the National Institute of Design, Haryana the right to archive and to make available my graduation project/ thesis/dissertation in whole or part in the Institute’s Library in all forms of media, now or hereafter known, subject to the provision of the Copyright Act. I have neither used no substantial portions of copyright material in my document nor I have obtained permission to use copyright material.
Student Name in Full : Shweta
Student Name in Full : Shweta
Signature :
Signature :
Date : 16 December, 2021
Date : 16 December, 2021
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Experience is critical, for it determines how fondly people remember their interactions. Don Norman
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Synopsis
Where users are involved on any platform, whether it’s a product, service, space or something, there is always a potential for the improved experience in terms of usability, accessibility, interaction, etc. So, as an Industrial Designer, I was inclined to do these kinds of projects where the main aspects were users and context. I like research most when handling these types of projects. When doing research, it helps me to recognize the root cause of problems and their consequences and allows me to understand the user at a deeper level and to understand user behavior in multiple contexts and at the end of the day.
The Clinikk Healthcare Community is working 24*7 providing access to primary healthcare. This project was Redesigning the Primary Healthcare Space- Namma Clinikk. Most of the Project is documented mainly in chronological order from Clinikkk Centres Visits to Ideation. It is necessary and essential to understanding the Existing phase for redesigning. Empathy for users, the environment and society as a whole is a core attribute of my design process. The project was quite challenging with its space limitations. The Worldwide Pandemic Covid -19 made the project more challenging. Instead of Contextual interviews, I was conducting primary research through Telephonic Interviews and video calls. The Covid time, also made us realise- Things don’t always go according to the plans and we should learn to find the best alternative solution for the limitation coming across our way.
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Acknowledgment I want to thank all those who have added value to my life and built me today for what I am. Due to their support, learnings and experience, I am able of finishing the Graduation project. I had learned different learnings at various stages and many more to come. I am thankful to my Family and Mentors, Faculties, Staff, Friends from NID Haryana, People from Clinikk Healthcare and Namma Clinikk.
From Industrial Design Discipline At NID,
From Clinikk Healthcare-
From Family-
Surabhi Khanna- Guide who was continuously guiding and supporting throughout the project. Nachiketa Charkhwal- Faculty who build the foundation of Industrial Design. Sabyasachi Paldas- Mentor with immersive industry experience in similar projects. Elizabeth John, Dhawal Vaishnav, Neha Mandlik, M P Rahul, Mamta Gautam, RS Kalyan - Faculties who have transformed us from Students to a Designer by incorporating their knowledge and skills. Primary Skills like User Research, Understanding forms, space and structures, 3D visualisations and developing softer skills with time. Prabir Mukhopadhyay, Abid Bilaal, Manish Iyer, Dineshbhai Patel- Mentors have decades of Industrial and life experiences adding value to life with their extraordinary expertise.
Lokesh Zope- Industry Guide who helped and supported at each stage of the graduation project. Anish Prem Kumar- Graphic Designer with an architect background helping me in both domains. Keshav Murthy R- Civil Engineer who knows a space from scratch to a Namma Clinikk Centre. Sreerag KP- Graphic Designer and a Passionate Photographer who has taken care of the visual identity of Clinikk. Dr Suraj Baliga, Bhavjot Kaur, Dr Prashanth Raj- Clinic founders who treat all fairly and trust them while providing responsibilities. Sreerag KP, Dr Vikas S Gowda and Dr Bhavani L- Friends for making my stay a little easier and great conversations at lunch. Mahesh Bhaiya - for helping with prototyping materials.
My Father, Mother and Brother for continuous motivation, love and encouragement to do better. During tough times of covid, Physically distant from the family in thousands of kilometres, their support matters a lot.
I am grateful to The Doctors, Nurses, Health Manager, the Marketing team of Namma Clinikk Centre who never hesitated in giving me information while primary research and reached out to me at their best.
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Kunal, Ayushi, Kanishk & ID batchmates. Close Friends who trusted me throughout my college life and encouraged me to be a better soul and a learner. They were holding up in my bad times and cheering up in good times. | 0011
Contents Introduction National Institute of Design The Bunch of 54 Industrial Design Clinikk Healthcare Graduation Project at NID-Haryana Clinikk Healthcare
Phase 1 - Get Familiar 12 14 16 18
Understanding prelaunch Understanding existing Plans Furniture Layouts
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The Project Brief Project Growth What is Namma Clinikk? What are PHCs ?
Centre Visit Pre Launch - Bommenahalli
Observation in the centre
Design Handbook Version 1.0 - Building book
Phase 2- Understand 25 26 28
Research Research Strategy Secondary Research Primary Research Research Findings Analysis Problems classification & Categories
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36 42 44 45 46 47 48 50
60 65 66 86 84,140 152 154-157
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Phase 3 - Redesign Immediate Redesign
The Closure 164
Screening Cabinet
166
Reception Add-on
178
Visual Language
184
Problems with Solutions:
190
Category:
Conclusion
267
References Web Links Books Videos Research Paper
270
Problem Statement: Problem Statement Explained: User Affected : Solution: Prior Considerations
262
Auxiliary Designs
263
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Introduction
National Institute of Design, Haryana
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National Institute of Design, Haryana is an Institute of National Importance, as per National Institute of Design Act,2014, established on November 15, 2016 as an autonomous institute under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India, to emerge as a global leader in Design Education and Research.
The institute rooted in Kurukshetra. The city which holds its great religious and historical value. It has been described as Dharmakshetra Kurukshetra in the first verse of Shrimad Bhagvad Gita.And Lord Krishna preached Arjuna with the philosophy of karma in the Jyotisar. The place where knowledge has given much significance and valued most.
With the aim of giving knowledge to young minds for better future NID-H provides an inter disciplinary environment to the students comprises of diverse design fields which helps in creating an innovative and holistic ecosystem for design learning and delivering solutions focusing on the emerging needs of people.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
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The Bunch of 54
If you can laugh together, you can work together
In 2016, Seeds of a design institute in the land of kurukshetra were planted with an aim of growing a bunch of fresh minds through Design Knowledge and tomorrow they will serve the surrounding with their new ideas.
- Robert Orben
The bunch of 54, young and fresh minds come into the space of National Institute of Design. The first batch learning, growing, expressing design from NID haryana, where each one has their unique strengths. Within these 4 years NID has given opportunity to learn from each other strengths and work on our weaknesses. The time which we want to hold in our hands... take a breath... and Save in our heart...
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Industrial Design
Industrial Design (ID) is the professional practice of designing products, devices, objects and services used by millions of people around the world every day. Industrial designers typically focus on the physical appearance, functionality and manufacturability of a product, though they are often involved in far more during a development cycle. All of this ultimately extends to the overall lasting value and experience a product or service provides for end-users.
Design is a plan for arranging elements in such a way as best to accomplish a particular purpose.
- Charles Eames
Industrial design can be directly linked to the industrial revolution and transition from small volume craft to massproduced products for a consumer class population. A designer’s influence and role shifted from purely focusing on how a product looked or functioned to including human ergonomics, end-user benefit, material innovations. All of these considerations have become central to the industrial design profession, which has left an enduring impact on business and society. 0018 |
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Clinikk Healthcare
https://yourstory.com/2019/11/bengaluru-startup-clinikk-healthtech-financial-risk-protection/amp
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Clinikk is a business-to-business (B2B) and business-tobusiness-to-consumer (B2B2C) platform. It works on a subscription model where subscribers pay a monthly fee starting from Rs 50 going up to Rs 500 for their primary healthcare needs and medical insurance.
On the insurance front they are working with marquee names in the industry such as Religare, Aditya Birla, and Magma. Clinikk currently has 2.5 lakh active subscribers on its platform and it has already broken even at a unit level, which means that it makes more in revenue than what the subscriptions cost the company.
Up to six members in a family are covered under the subscription and they can get in touch with a doctor for primary healthcare needs at any given point in time. In case hospitalisation is required, the subscriber is directed to the nearest network hospital. The tele-consultations are available in 11 languages and 24/7 via the platform’s app, website, and phone. The platform also provides e-health profile, insurance claim support, and discounted medicine delivery and lab testing. The Bengaluru startup provides cashless hospitalisation benefits in more than 5,500 empanelled hospitals across the country covering more than 16,000 pincodes.
Their focus remains on product building and growth. As far as competition is concerned, there is no other platform that is offering a platform that brings together primary healthcare with financial risk protection. The primary healthcare market in India is worth $40 billion and what is alarming is the fact that more than 57 percent doctors in India practising allopathic medicine are quacks (according to a WHO report), meaning they do not have any medical qualifications. There is clearly a big opportunity to tap into and a massive problem to solve for Clinikk.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
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Graduation Project at
National Institute of Design, Haryana The culmination of the students’ academic tenure at the National Institute of Design, Haryana is marked by the submission of a degree/diploma project, which is a substantial investigation in the area of design where students are aligned or find their interests accordingly. This degree/diploma project is meant to offer the outcome of a full-scale professional design assignment with both application and implementation potential. They will get the opportunity to apply the learning from theircampus academic projects and realise how things changes from a classroom project to industrial market. Students get the industrial training before graduating and working as a professional in industry. Introduced with an aim to confirm to the root philosophy of NID’s pedagogy of ‘learning by doing’, this degree/diploma project is every student’s moment to shine in the real-world arena of client service. 0022 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Clinikk Healthcare Clinikk’s Health Plans were launched in 2018 by Ms. Bhavjot Kaur & Dr. Suraj Baliga as a result of a personal experience with medical negligence & its financial and emotional impact on families. Their primary goal is to make quality healthcare affordable and protect other families from going through similar experiences.Healthcare is the area where you to be empath atmost to cater the users. This is the idea where I got inspired to work in healthcare as my final graduating project to apply all my learnings from 4 years and to create impact in the haelthcare system by design interventions. Serving end user is the main goal here. And the covid situation in India, derives to create and improve health system of our country as a individual responsibility. Clinikk trusted me to serve for them and the people around me for creating the better future where no one lacks behind the access to primary health.
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Overview : Project Growth What is Namma Clinikk?
What are PHCs? PHC in India Healthcare in Karnataka Phase 1- Get Familiar Phase 2- Understand Phase 3- Redesign
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
THE PROJECT BRIEF Redesigning Primary Healthcare Centres i.e., Namma Clinikk Centre. To Build a playbook and Redesign Namma Clinikk Centres to achieve maximum efficiency for all activities taking place in a primary health centre.
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The Project
Most of the project is presented in chronological order from Clinikkk Centres Visits to Ideation. But comprehended in such a way to ease the process of understanding the project and create a space in reader’s mind. Project is presented in a way it will gives you time to adapt along with the journey of redesign in most empathetic area - Healthcare. Two major goals are Design Handbook and Redesign Elements.
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Project Growth
Start Prelude
Initial overview of context for the viewers understanding of project’s background.
Get Familiar
Beginning of the project according to brief and adapting with the project and building the process to reach the goals.
Understand
Building Research Strategy with different tools to understand the pain points in depth according to the context.
Analyse
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Beginning of the project with an aim to redesign of it.
Analysing all the information collected from the users and generating problem categories and prioritising them.
Redesign
Looking each and every problem according to the insights and redesigning it by keeping context and user in mind.
Closure
Comprehended concluding comments at the end of redesigned healthcare project. | 0027
What is Namma Clinikk?
Namma Clinikk are Medical centres are product platforms aimed towards providing High-quality Primary Care and acquiring new customers. They are Primary Healthcare Centers providing In-Person Consultations at low cost to the patients. The centre is named as Namma Clinikk , Namma is a Kannada word which means Ours, so the community will feel familiar, comfortable and reliable. In the city Bangalore, Clinikk has initiated 5 medical centres till today and is planning the expansion. Centres are Puttenhalli, Peenya, Srirampura, Chamrajpet, Bommanahalli. Bommanahalli is the latest one. The Front end Staff at Namma Clinikk consists of well qualified Doctors, Nurses, Health Managers and marketing team. For smooth running of these Centres Design Team, Engineers, operational team , In-Office Doctors and the whole clinikk community is working hard.
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“ Serving Patients from the heart, giving essential Care to the needy.”
Namma Clinikk provides Consultations, Primary care, Vital Checkups, Medicines and Insurances at affordable prices. Health managers are giving consultations on insurance plans, so that the patients who are coming in can secure the health of themselves and their families at affordable prices.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Namma Clinikk Centre at Puttenahalli, Karnataka
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What are PHCs?
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Primary Health Care isCore of Integerated Health Services.
Goals of PHCs
Primary Health Centres means Essential Health Care or Prathmik Aarogya Kendra. They aren’t meant for major Surgeries. They Are : Scientifically Sound, Socially Acceptable methods and technology, Access to Health Services.
Global Idea of PHC
-Empowering People and communities. -Multisectoral Policy and Action -Primary Care and Essential Health Function
WHO Goal - Health For All. -Reducing Social Exclusion and Social Disparities in Health. -Organising Health Services around People’s needs/expectation -Integrating health to all sectors -Increasing Stakeholder participation -Collaborative models
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Sustainable PHCs Launch and Sustain PHC Launch and Sustain PHC Launch and Sustain PHC Launch and Sustain PHC Launch and Launch and Sustain PHC Launch and Sustain PHC Launch and Equitable Distance No discrimination of gender, age, Social class, urban/rural location, caste etc. Community Participation- its grassroot nature Adequate no. and trained physicianscomprehensive healthcare Appropriate technology- accessible, affordable, feasible, culturally acceptable Multi-sectional approach- different sections leading to impact in health. On-going process
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Three levels of Healthcare System are : Tertiary Secondary
Primary Primary Health Centre Subcentre
Taluka
State Hospital Medical College
Community Health Centre District Hospital
Health care is a multitude of services rendered to individual, families or communities by the agent of health services or professions for the purposes of promoting, maintaining monitoring or restoring health. The health care goal of system is health development i.e. a process of continuous and progress improvement of health status of a population. To achieve this goal health care service are usually organized at three levels, each level supported by a higher level.
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PHC in India
PHCs are basic Unit of Healthcare Systems
Government owned Primary Health Centres.
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Focus :
Functions:
National Infant Immunisation Programmes (NIP) through PHCs Anti- Epidemic ProgramsPrimary epidemic diagnostic & control centres for Rural India Birth control programs, sterilisation surgeries such as vasectomy and tubectomy Medical care of pregnancy and Childbirth Store drugs for emergencies
Provision of Medical Care Maternal -Child Health Safe-water supply & basic sanitation Prevention & control of locally endemic Collection and reporting of vital statistics Education about health National health programmes, as relevant Training of staff and health assistants Basic laboratory workers
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
PHC at Pipli, Kurukshetra, Haryana
PHC at Pipli, Kurukshetra, Haryana
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PHC at Haldi baadi, Koriya, Chattisgarh
PHC at Bathat, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh | 0033
Healthcare in Karnataka
Niti Aayog : Karnataka ranks 8th out of 21 states on healthcare front.
For quick delivery of PHCs, Govt. is promoting Public- Private PHCs. Karuna trust offers 28 active PHCs under Public- Private Partnerships in Karnataka.
Govt. of Karnataka : Setting PHCs for Quick delivery of Healthcare Services. Target : Not only healthcare -but building healthy people, but for all.
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IncludesPrimary Care, Disease Prevention, Health promotion, Immunisation, Educating mass about healthy habits, Population Health and community development,
Educating mass about healthy habits, Cure of common disease, Maternal and Child care, Provision of medicine, Family planning, promoting mental, emotional health.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
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3.
1. Primary Health Centre at Belluru Belghavi Taluk, Karnataka. Community Health Programs bringing health education and Health screening services directly to people by Trinity Care Foundation.
3. Primary Health Centre at the village of Bangrappa Nagar, Bangalore, Karnataka. Shortage of Staff at Majority of institutuions.
2.
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2. Pattanayakanahalli PHC in Tumkur district of Karnataka. PHCs are the first line health services for most of the rural poor families.
4. PHC in the village of Nelogi, Gulbarga District, Karnataka. Centres filled with patients, but no staff even after accountability.
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Overview : Centre Visit Pre Launch - Bommenahalli Understanding existing Plans Furniture Layouts Understanding prelaunch Observation in the centre Design Handbook Version 1.0 - Building book
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PHASE 1 - Get familiar The Phase 1 consists of initial adaptation of existing centres. Building the detailed Namma Clinikk Design Handbook of existing centre and further process to reach the goal.
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Centre Visit Chamrajpet Clinikk Healthcare has five Namma Clinikk centres. Chamrajpet is 4th Centre out of 4 ( till februray, 2020 ) launched in 2019, located nearest to clinikk office.
Entering with a plaster on left leg, being empath for a patient and visiting space. Visiting Chamrajpet- Namma Clinikk centres to observe by being unobtrusive in the space. Observing the enviornment, users, modules from a distance without any direct interaction.
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Centre name- Chamrajpet No. 169/1, 9th cross, 1st Main Rd, Chamrajpet, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560018
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Namma Clinikk Centre- Chamrajpete, Bangalore, Karnataka
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Objective : Main objective of visiting the namma clinikk centre is to understand -
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Namma clinikk as a space Various Elements constituing the space, identifying Modules and their placement
Users in the space Different Kind of staff, patients and visitors who are coming in.
Interaction How Users (Patients), Staff ( NC Staff) and Space (Centre) communicating within each other.
Workflow What are the different activities taking place by different users, the navigation, functioning.
Aesthetics Colour theme, Aura, Feelinf of space.
Modules Furniture elements, Modules and their Interaction
Space Namma Clinikk Centre Staff Namma Clinikk Users Patients, Visitors Fig. 4- A visual representation of a Centre - Patient- Staff.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Observations : Centre has few positive findings . Few pain points which needs to be taken care of for a first time visitor. Observing the navigation in centre as a space, signanges, chances of falls or errors, user interaction, the enviornment, users, modules from a distance without any direct interaction. Here is, list of few observations made from the visit :
One polybag for two
Slippery doormats
Odonil pouch
Dry vs. Wet Waste
TV vs Visitor Chairs
Dustbin placed has two categories - Dry waste and Wet Waste but distinct polybags for disposals are not used. Two category dustbin not serving its purpose fully.
Slippery doormats are placed at the entrance. The stairs are finishing at entrance and different kind of users are entering. This is prone to accidents and falls and fetal for pregnant ladies, Kids and old users.
Small details for few things are not destined or planned before. Pre- Planning of few objects like providing holders to objects. Unplanned things are placed by staff anywhere and looks abrupt.
Dustbin is used in standing posture. Hard to distinguish from top between Dry and Wet waste. The information is provided at elevation and in English, intented purpose is not fullfilling.
Placement of Television with respect to Visiting Chairs in waiting room are perpendicular to each other which makes users to bend their neck 90 degree to watch the information broadcasting on TV.
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Push and Pull
Hidden Signages
Floor mounted WC
Janitor Closet
Absence of push and pull signange at entrance. Difficult in places where there is only one option (Here, Pushing the glass door is the only option to enter).
Sliding door for entering OPD with the Name and education of Doctor. But signage hides when Sliding door go fully inwards.
Floor mounted WC is difficult to clean. Will add to perception of unsanitary and accumulation of bacteria and other germs will happen.
After cleaning, wet mop is either placed behind the washroom gate or hung with the support of bucket. Will litter water in washroom and create smell of dampness.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Inverter Rack Open Black colour inverter rack with batteries is accident or shock prone. Children coming to centre might get injury.
Pedestal Unit and Reception Table Pedestal unit made in left hand side of operator will affect efficiency. It must be opposite to the side of vistors.
Medicine Unit The medicine boxes randomly arranged arise difficulty in finding medicine and will lead to time delay for next patient.
Doctor table Unoragnised elements on doctor table affecting efficiency finding equipments while consultations.
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Pre Launch- Bommenahalli
Centre - Bommenahalli The 5th New Namma Clinikk Centre is getting inaugurated in upcoming Days in Bommenahalli. The multiple kind of preparations happening during prelaunch. Everyone is working hard to see the centre getting ready. Observing the design or architectural plans converting into a user ready space. Centre - Bommenahalli No. 120/70,Hongasandra Layout, Kodichikknahalli, Kaveri Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560068
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Namma Clinikk Centre- Bomenahalli, Bangalore, Karnataka
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Understanding Pre- launch What are things required from design to execution journey, how the operation team, medical team, civil engineer are working to prepare a blank space into a Medical centre.
Pre Launch Activities Setup inverter & batteries Setup Wifi, Test Wifi Rent Printer & 2 laptops Setup laptops & printers Hang Certificate frame, Vaccine frame, Bio-Med waste frame Buy & Transport Non-Medical Supplies Medical Supplies Marketing, Operations
Graphic Design Supplies Hire a cleaning person Find a laundry service Water bottle Supplier Buy Pad Locks Deep Cleaning Flower decoration Opening Pooja Setup Buy 10 Plastic stools Provide 2*20lt. Water bottles Get access to CCTV
Prescription Letterhead Prescription Letterhead Prescription Letterhead Medical Certificate Fitness Certificate Blank Certificate Bill book Health Profile Booklet Customer Folder Folder Documents Medicine bags size 1 Medicine bags size 2
Prescription Envelope Opening Soon Banner Namma Clinikk Seal with address Doctor Registeration stamp Nurse Uniform Health Manager Shirt Doctor Lab Coat Doctor Certificate Frame Vaccine Poster Frame Bio-Med Waste Frame
Non- Medical Supplies Steel Ruler, Sharpner, Eraser, Stapler, Punching Machine, Plastic Candy Bowl, Orange Acrylic Tokens, Scissors, Casio Calculator, NC Branded Water Bottles (1litre), Bell Stand, Dust Bin (20 litre), Pen Stand, Electric, Airfreshners, Airfreshner Refills, Carbon copy sheets, Electrical Extension Box, Stapler pin refills, Click Pens, Pencils, Insulation Tape, Glue Stick, Paper Clips, Toilet Tissue Roll, Fold Tissue (M-type, Z-type), Battery-AAA, Battery-AA, Note Books, Paper Cups, Candies, Self Ink Stamp Refills, Mosquito Repellent Spray, Mosquito Repellent Machine, Mosquito Repellent Machine Refills, Liquid Soap Refills (Plastic Bags), Airfreshner Blocks, Plastic Floor Broom, Floor Cloth/Pocha, WC Brush, Toilet Broom - Plastic, Small Wiper, Mop, Glass Cleaner-Colin, WC Cleaner-Harpic, Floor Sanitizer, Napthalene Balls, Toilet Mat, Toilet Slippers. 0046 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Understanding existing Plans for Bommenahalli
Looking for floor plans, electrical layout, understanding how the floor is distributed in different sections like reception, screening and waiting area.
More Proposed Architectural layouts like Electrical layout, Light control points, Lighting layout, Networking layout, Partition layout, Power layout are in Annexure.
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Namma Clinikk - Bommenahalli Proposed Floor Layout created by Tornado Architecture | 0047
Furniture Layouts for Upcoming Centre After the floor plans, what are main furnitures in the medical centres, knowing the ortho drawings, the furniture dimensions, furniture linked to which section of the centre
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Observations in the Centre
How different centres are varying with each other, how people will interact, the different sections, the ergonomics of the space, organised and unorganised sections.
Screening Cabinet
Unorganised Sections
Placement of screening cabinet is in corner which is out of navigation flow when a patient comes directly, chances of directly going to OPD is high.
Furniture used mainly doesnt have designated space as aimed. Tables- Reception, Doctor, Cupboards like storage unit, Janitor doesnt have sections allocated to items.
Handles of Sliding door ( Left and Right)
Open Inverter
Handles of two adjacent sliding doors one for dummy room and one for OPD are oppositte.One opens in left side and one in right side respectively which affects the mental model of users to open in which direction.
Again, As in other centres closed meant for inverter placed in waiting area is open where many people/ Patients with dfferent age group are encountering.
Placement Placement for Baby Weighing Scale, Nebuliser in OPD are adjusted, haven’t thought for placement.
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Design Handbook
Clinkk design handbook is designed to understand what Namma Clinikk as a medical centre means. Anyone from architecture to client can refer to the book and understand the details of the centre from Reception to OPD. What are the Different furnitures, dimensions, Equipments, Zones in the centre. The visual language of the centre. If they need to open the medical centre What are the basic standards which will be there to define a medical centre as Namma Clinikk.
Fig. 4- Cover page of Namma Clinikk Design Handbook
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Clinikk Centre Design Handbook for reference of exisrting Centres.
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Elements in book
The steps taken for building the handbook List of sections in Space Furniture Drawings Module List with items Modules Study Measurements 3D model of different Modules Ortho Illustrations of modules
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Interaction between zones Functions of modules Floor layouts Low Fidelity Renders The centre- Bommenahalli Layout Explorations Content for final Book
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Start
Sections
MODULE
Ortho
Zones
Modules
Floor
Low Fidelity
Drawings,
Illustrations
Interaction
Function
Bommenahalli
Layouts
Renders
Centre
List, Study,
Layout Explorations,
The Book
Book Content
Measurements, 3D Models
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Final Book Structure
What is Namma Clinikk? Introduction, Purpose and Vision
Typical functions Reception, Examination, Screening area, Waiting area, Services Zoning and flow Zoning rules and Combinations Floor Layouts Room Layout, Module Dimensions and Placement Equipments Equipment list, Description Material and Finishes Flooring, Ceiling, Wall finishes etc. Signages Signage Type Uniforms 0054 |
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Typical Layout Plans
For Waiting Area Few Snapshots from the design handbook.
Few dimensions are assumed and repeated (didn’t have the exact during covid )this is just an example
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The area meant for visitors (eg. Patients) to wait for their turn. Before going for Screening and OPD. -Four chairs and a TV is installed for patients. -Wall fan for air circulation is installed. -Acrylic sheet behind chairs is installed to avoid surface tear on the wall. -Acrylic panel with Signages for patients.
ELEVATION 1
TYPICAL LAYOUT PLAN NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
ELEVATION 1
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Equipment List and Nomenclature
Acrylic Sheet AS-01 Acrylic Sheet AS-02 Acrylic Sheet AS-03 Acrylic Panel AL-01 Acrylic Panel AL-01 AC Stabliser ST-01 Air Conditioner AC-01 Air Freshner AF-01 Air Freshner AF-02 Battery BT-01 Curtain CT-01 Curtain Holder CH-01 Charging Ledge LG-05
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Doctor Certificate CT-01
Inverter In-01
Patient Stool PS-03
Wall Panel WP-01
Doctor’s Chair DC-01
Inverter Stand IS-01
Doctor’s Table DT-01 Dustbin DB-01 Dustbin DB-02 Dustbin DB-03 Dustbin DB-04
I-V Stand IV-01
Signange Sticker SG-01 Signange Sticker SG-02
Wall Fan WF-01 Wall Fan WF-02 Wall Fan WF-03
Door DR-01 Electric Sockets ES-01 Electric Socket ES-02 Examination Bed EB-01 Equipment Cabinet EC-01 Height Scale HS-01
Janiter Closet JC-01 Mirror MR-01 Medicine Unit MU-01 Medicine Trolley MT-01 MI T.V. TV-01 Printer Ledge LG-06 Reception Chair RC-01 Reception Table TB-01
Soap Dispenser SD-01 Soap Dispenser SD-02 Step Tool SP-01 Tissue Dispenser TD-01 Tissue Dispenser TD-02 Water closet WC-01
Visitor Stool VS-01 Visitor Stool VS-02 Visitor Chair VC-01 Vaccine Poster VP-01 X-Ray Viewer XV-01
Wash Basin WB-01 Wash Basin WB-02 Wall Panel WP-01 Weighing Scale WS-01
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Equipment Details
Example : Reception Name: Reception Chair Code: RC-01 Description: The chair was meant for the Health manager.For tasks like working on Laptop, Billing, a discussion will need an easy and comfortable seating arrangement. Specifications: Weight: 16 KgO Material: PU Plastic Color: Brown Dimension s (LxBxH): 19 x 19 x 39 Inch Name: Visitor Stool Code: VS-02 Description: Stool provided for visitors to sit calmly and discuss health plans with the health manager as much as he wanted to get enquiries Specifications: Stainless Steel Revolving Stool Design Type:STANDARD Size:Standard Color:Orange
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Name: Reception Table Code: TB-01 Description: The Reception Table with mainly two tasks i.e, Reception and Billing. It’s the first desk that visitors encounter during entry. Ask their doubts and register themselves for a checkup at Clinikk centre. During exit, the billing will happen at this desk only. The medicines, insurance plans, Health Cards, registration are the main tasks which happen at this desk only and which needs to be discussed with the visitor. Specifications: CORE MATERIAL Description -18 mm PLPB-BSL VARIANT -FROSTY WHITE TABLE TOP Description -25 mm PLPB-BSL VARIANT -FROSTY WHITE
Name: Wall Fan Code: WF-01 Description: Wall fan is mounted for better circulation of air and cooling in Reception area. Specifications: Havells Swing 400mm Wall Fan Color-Off White Elegantly designed fan base Pull cord control for speed and oscillation on-off Speed: 1350 RPM Air Delivery: 72 CMM
HANDLE Description -EBCO 96 VARIANT -ZINC HANDLE-DZH96
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Signages description Acrylic Panel Name: Signage Sticker Code: SG-01 Description: Sticker of “Reception and Billing” are installed on an acrylic panel as signages for patients in two languages i.e. English and Kannada.
Name: Signage Sticker Code: SG-02 Description: Stickers of “Keep your phone on silent” and “24 hour survellience” are installed on acrylic panel as signages for patients in two languages i.e., English and Kannada.
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Sliding Doors Doctor Room Dr. Nishikant Kumar
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Overview : Research Research Strategy Secondary Research Primary Research Research Findings Analysis Problem Classification Problem Categories
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PHASE 2 - Understand The Phase 2 has understanding, building Research Strategy with different tools to understand the pain points in depth according to the context. Analysing all the information collected from the users and generating problem categories and prioritising them.
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Space
The Space5th Centre (Bomenhalli)
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Research
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Research Strategy
Research Index ; Findings from - Secondary Research - Primary Research
What?
Why?
To Whom?
How?
To understand
To understand
the idea of Primary healthcare centre.
-space requirements, activities take place in primary health centres.
Namma Clinikk Doctors, Nurses, Health manager and other staff. Namma Clinikk Visitors
Primary Research Google Forms, Telephonic Interviews, Video Calls, Observation Guide
Clinikk Team Designer, Graphic team, Architects and Civil engineer.
Secondary research Literature reviews, Desktop Research,Case Studies, Pilot study, Comparative analysis.
The main functions PHCs serve.
-the navigation of users in space. -the space limitation.
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Secondary Research
Secondary research or desk research is a research method that involves using already existing data. Existing data is summarized and collated to increase the overall effectiveness of research. Secondary research includes research material published in research reports and similar documents. I have tried to apply secondary research tools to gather information relevant to healthcare system.
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Research Methodology
Tools used for Secondary Research are:
Desktop Research
Literature Review
Case Studies
The Centres
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Desktop Research
Outpatient clinic An outpatient clinic is less expensive to build and operate than a hospital. Multiple shifts of staff are not required The building is usually closed at nights and on weekends, and maintenance can take place after it is closed to patients and most staff, rather than while it is occupied. All outpatient facilities are alike in having no overnight patients. They can range from simple physicians’ offices that provide primary care, to large, independent “hospitals without beds.”
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Community-Level Outpatient Clinics aims - To maintain Continuity of Care. - To Reduce outpatient loads on hospitals
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Poly clinics with laboratory and pharmacy in Bangalore.
Bengaluru and Pune. Modern Family Doctor centre
Apollo Clinic - Murshidabad, West Bengal
Mohalla Clinic - New Delhi
Community-Level Outpatient Clinics aims - To maintain Continuity of Care. - To Reduce outpatient loads on hospitals
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Space Psychology
Architecture is used space formed for psychological and symbolical reasons. It overrides all its integrating elements and concepts by consciously forming enclosed voids to accommodate human beings in the totality of their psychic and physical life and in their various pursuits and intentions.
“I’m compelled: I have no choice about certain combinations of forms, material, space, or architectural considerations. They egg me on.” — Paul Rudolph
Psychology of space is also greatly driven by principles of design such as balance, proportion, symmetry and rhythm. When these principles are followed correctly, it improves the emotional quality of life by bringing harmony in space. Factors which affect Space psychology Design principles: Balance, Proportion, Rhythm, Emotional quality of Life, Calm and peaceful analysis
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Boston Government Services Center. Works of the American modernist architect Paul Rudolph (1918–97).
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Healthcare Spaces :
Why Space Psychology in Healthcare? Psychological Interventions in PHC for better adaptation and Intrinsic motivation by combining functionality and aesthetic appeal which will accelerate Recovery in Healthcare Departments and increase interaction between people and Space. Building Attributes: Outpatient facilities can differ significantly in size and services provided, all of which should have certain similar characteristics: Efficient and Cost- Effective Layout: Promote staff efficiency by minimizing distance of necessary travel between frequently used spaces Make efficient use of space by locating support spaces Spaces shared by adjacent functional areas Include all required spaces Combine Functional areas with similar system requirements
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Space Attributes for Healthcare Design
Healthcare Design Attributes
1. Flexibility and Expandability 2. Easy Visibility
1. Flexibility and Expandability Modular concepts of space planning and layout Established standard room sizes and plans as much as possible, rather than tight ones Modular, easily accessed, and easily modified mechanical and electrical systems Modular system basis for sections, Open-ended for future expansion
3. Accessibility 4. Security and safety 5. Cleanliness and Sanitation 6. Aesthetics 7. Therapeutic Environment 8. Sustainability
2. Easy Visibility To encourage the usage, Clinic must be Easy to find, clearly visible from the approach road, with good directional signage Easy to recognize, with a welcoming image and clear, appropriately located directional signage Easy to enter, with visible, well-identified entrance
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3. Accessibility
5. Cleanliness and Sanitation
All areas, both inside and out, should: Easy to use by the many patients with temporary or permanent handicaps. Disability Act- Space for all. Consider patients with hearing loss or vision impairments, as well as physical disabilities.
Sanitation and the appearance of Sanitation it are important goals. Appropriate, durable finishes for each functional space. Antimicrobial surfaces might be considered for appropriate locations Avoid dirt-catching and hard-to-clean crevices and joints Adequate and appropriately located housekeeping spaces Incorporating operation and maintenance practices Provide healthy indoor air quality.
4. Security and safety
6. Aesthetics
Protection of clinic property and assets, including drugs Protection of patients Violent or unstable patients need to be controlled safely Anti-Fall Space Fire Protection needs to be addressed and incorporated into the design as per local or state codes and specific requirements of the health unit.
Aesthetics are important to the clinic’s public image and visibility within the community as well as the connection to healing and the patient experience. Usage of natural light, materials and textures Signage that promotes optimal way-finding Satisfies the orientation needs of the first-time patient, Allows easy navigation, and reference points are visible immediately Use mechanical door openers to assist in entering and leaving the facility Attention to detail, proportions, color, lighting, and scale.
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5. Therapeutic Environment
8. Sustainability
Therapeutic Environment: The needs of outpatients are less intense than those of hospital inpatients, an individual’s visit may still be very stressful. Every effort should be made to make the outpatient visit as unthreatening and comfortable as possible, and to make the patient’s experience more like going to a doctor’s office than to a hospital.
Clinics are public buildings that have an impact on the environment and economy of the surrounding community. They produce large amounts of waste. Use of renewable energy sources to power the building or spaces and integrate energy efficient equipment into the facility.
Using familiar, cheerful and varied colors and textures, keeping in mind that some colors are inappropriate ,may trigger patients Promoting patient dignity and privacy Sound Insulation between exam and consultation rooms and other spaces. Patient-orientated layout, with clear and uncomplicated patient routes, visual cues, and clear signage Sidewalks and corridors are wide enough for two wheelchairs to pass easily Marking glass walls and doors to make their presence obvious
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9. Emergency Backup Systems Space will require emergency battery backup.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Color Preferences
Employee spaces: Increase comfort for doctors and nurses Professionals providing the care in healthcare environments are known for working long, stressful shifts, standing for hours on end. They need places of respite to rest and recharge. Brightly lit rooms with stronger color palettes can help those needing a quick break to stay fresh and lively. Darker, subtler break rooms with softer lighting are preferred by many workers looking to rest for longer periods of time.
Color psychology: Apply colors to different spaces The use of color psychology can help enhance the function of a space or room. Natural colors, such as green, blue, or brown, are seen as calming, and can signal the designation of a room.
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Out-Patient Clinic Companies:
Clinic Centres
Tele Consultation
India based companies providing out -patient services, teleconsultations some specialised sectors and targeting as many as centres to provide the care to the need and expanding itself without compromising the quality.
MediAngels
Medical Insurances
Specialised care
Apollo Clinics
Mera Doctor
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MediAngels
Bright Lifecare, which owns and operates online pharmacy platform 1mg, has acquired Mumbai-based MediAngels, for an undisclosed sum. 1mg, Gurugram-based Healthkart’s online drug search business, has acquired MediAngels to strengthen its position in the eHealth space in India.With this move, 1mg will enter the space of super speciality consultations, corporate health services, and insurance partnerships. Consumers can now access a deep network of over 450 super specialists across India and the world, and also get an entry into the corporate health space through this platform.
They offer a comprehensive suite of services to consumers as well as corporate customers which includes ePharmacy, eDiagnostics, eConsultations and Super Speciality Second Opinions as well.
1mg, earlier called HealthkartPlus, the drug search business of Healthkart was rebranded and spun off into a separate entity as 1mg. The company operates an online marketplace for medicines apart from facilitating doctor’s appointment and diagnostic test booking. MediAngels was founded in 2011 by Dr. Arbinder Singal and Dr. Debraj Shome. With more than 450 super specialist doctors on its team across 93 specialties, MediAngels claims to have seen a good number of cases in cardiology, cancers, neurosurgery, orthopedics, and pediatric subspecialties and traction from both metros and Tier II cities. Arbinder Singal, founder of MediAngels added, “ Within the 1mg ecosystem, we plan to scale up second opinions and drive B2B engagements with more insurers and corporates. Our robust technology tools will help them optimise employee benefits spends on healthcare and to have a healthier workforce.”
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Apollo Clinics
Apollo Clinics was founded in 2002 with the aim “to bring healthcare of international standards within the reach of every individual.” To achieve this, Apollo Clinics run a large network of Apollo Clinics with over 75 clinics, both owned and franchised in India and overseas.
Apollo Clinics are multi-specialty clinics run by Apollo Health & Lifestyle Limited (AHLL), a subsidiary of Apollo Hospitals Enterprise Limited (AHEL). AHLL is one of the largest players in the retail healthcare segment in India. Each Apollo Clinic is committed to not only providing consistently superior quality health care services but also addressing the day-to-day health care needs of the family. To maximize convenience and comfort, it has integrated model and offers facilities for Specialist Consultation, Diagnostics, Preventive Health Checks and Pharmacy, all under one roof. Apollo Hospitals (Apollo) started as a 150-bed hospital in Chennai in 1983. An endeavor to bring world class healthcare to semi-urban and rural India is key.
Apollo had become an integrated healthcare organization with owned and managed hospitals, diagnostic clinics, dispensing pharmacies and consultancy services. The group’s service offerings include healthcare at the patient’s doorstep, clinical & diagnostic services, medical business process outsourcing, third party administration services and heath insurance. To enhance performance and service to customers, Apollo also makes available the services to support the business of healthcare; telemedicine services, education and training programmes & research services and a host of not- for- profit projects. 0080 |
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Mera Doctor
In the first 18 months, more than 10,000 consultations were delivered. Consultations are priced competitively compared to what local “quacks” cost, and yet give customers top-quality advice from trained, compassionate doctors. Patients simply make a ‘missed call’ to the call centre, which incurs no telecom charges. A doctor calls back, diagnoses the patient and creates an electronic health record with which MeraDoctor track each patient over time. After this, the patient receives an SMS with advice and a prescription for over-the-counter drugs as needed. MeraDoctor’s most recent innovation has been to combine its 24-hour phone consultations with discounts at medical establishments across Eastern U.P., and multiple insurance policies against death/disability and sudden hospitalization. MeraDoctor protects families from poor healthcare and catastrophic health expenses through 24-hour doctor advice by phone plus medical discounts and insurance. Less than three years ago, the team at MHealth Ventures India started building the MeraDoctor (which means “My Doctor” in Hindi) service.
MeraDoctor is ground breaking because it disrupts the primary healthcare delivery system in rural India, which in many areas has been based on predatory, unqualified providers, and poorly-resourced, underutilized public clinics.
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MERA DOCTOR, HEALTHCARE OVER THE PHONE IN INDIA
OFFERING QUALIFIED ADVICE TO ALL
Mera Doctor is a one-stop solution for all your medical needs from the safety of your home. A complete comprehensive health services platform that creates a health care concerned society for doctors and patients. Patients can resolve their health issues by desktop or mobile devices via online video consultation. | 0081
Literature Review
Case Study- Redesign of Mohalla Clinic, Delhi by Industrial Designer Sabyasachi Paldas.
Conceptual views of the Mohalla Clinic (Aam Aadmi Clinic). The doctor’s chamber is on the left, if one is standing facing the Clinic. The Pharmacy is on the right. And have two entries This is just for a visual aide-de-memoire of the Clinic. A similar layout was built in Peeragarhi, Delhi. The waiting area outside is feasible in case of covid times but wouldn’t be able to track the visitors.
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Pharmacy
Toilet OPD
Waiting Area
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Reference Layouts of Bommenahalli
Furniture and Modules layouts for understanding of the space. What are the essential furnishings needed to design? Furniture in a room as context clues. They provide us with essential information about the space’s purpose.
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Secondary Research Findings
Furniture washable and Fire Retardent Preventing Falls, carpeting Seperate section for contagious illness Fitting in the community Safety Alarms Support bars Signages Languages Feedback, suggestion box Easy Visibility-Clinic must be Easy to find, clearly visible from the approach road, with good directional signage Easy to recognize, with a welcoming image and clear, appropriately located directional signage Easy to enter, with visible, well-identified entrance
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Primary Research
The three main sections of primary research are :
Space Study
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Users Study
Observation
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Space Study
Space stiudy here defines as - Studying centres with different aspects of consideration from psychology to ...........
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Zones Furniture layout
Elements in Space
Functioning
Users Material and Textures
Centre
Attributes Layout Zones Users Activities Functioning Furniture layout Aesthetics Material and Textures
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Attributes
Activities
Space
Aesthetics
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Attributes
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Space Attributes
Calm
Therapeutic
Clean
Healing
Peaceful
Empathetic
Serene
Organised
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The other Centres
Here, is the graphical representation of Namma Clinikk Centres with respect to running time. To understand the design innovations happen already as compare to the oldest ones. Bommanahalli is the latest centre and Puttenahalli is the first physical centre by Clinikk healthcare.
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Time
Namma Clinikk Centres
Centres
Bommanahalli Peenya Chamrajpet Srirampura Puttenahalli
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Floor plans sketches of 5 centres are created to understand the relationship between rooms, spaces and physical features viewed from above. It helps to visualize the overall space and how users will interact throughout the space.
Chamrajpete
Peenya
Srirampura
Bommanhalli
Chamrajpet and Peenya are almost similar with more portrait plan layout and other three are in landscape layout. But all these centres include -Reception, Screening Area, Waiting Area, OPD, Toilet and Services(mostly in waiting area) irrespective of Layout. Puttenhalli
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Zones
Zones
Zoning here is distributing the big space into small zones or sections where activities are happening according to zone Function. There are mainly 6 functions in Namma Clinikk Centres which are :
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Reception
Screening Area
Waiting Area
The Reception and Billing Desk is the respective counter where patients encounter during Entry and Exit.
The area meant for patients to get their vitals check like BMI, Sugar, B.P., Temperature. by Clinikk Nurse.
The area meant for visitors (eg. Patients) to wait for their turn Before Screening (Vitals) and OPD (Consultation).
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Examination Area
Toilet
The areas where patients consult with doctor.Examination Bed , Medicine Unit and Wash basin are part of OPD.
Sanitation facilities for Patients as well as Namma Clinikk Staff. It Includes WC, wash basin and Janitor Closet.
Services
Corridor
The area meant for visitors (eg. Patients) to wait for their turn Before Screening (Vitals) and OPD (Consultation).
The area meant for visitors (eg. Patients) to wait for their turn Before Screening (Vitals) and OPD (Consultation).
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Zoning represented
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Users
Space Users
Clinikk Staff assigned according to space. Reception- Health Manager Screening Area- Nurse OPD- Doctor Waiting -Patients and vistors Majorly Overall Space meant for walk in patients
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Reception Health Manager
Counselling,Filling Customer Journey, Subscription Sales,Dash Board,Medicine inventories,Giving medicines,Billing,Sales Managing whole clinikk.
Screening Area Nurse
Temperature screening, Height weight,Blood pressure checkup, SpO2, Recording all vitals,Giving medicines, Assisting Doctor, Regular Dressings and Primary Care
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Examination Area Doctor
Consultation, Examination Investigation, Treatment, Counselling, Regular Dressings, Suturing Procedure, Day care, Prescribing medicines, Inspecting Medicines
Clinikk centre Patients & Visitors
Patients and visitors coming in Namma Clinikk for Checkups, Insurances, Opd consultations, advises, medicines. Categories can be divided on the basis of : Age Group- Kids, Teens, Adults, Old age Gender- Male, Female, Other Specific Patients- Pregnant, Diabetic, Arthritis Weight- Underweight, Normal, Overweight, Obese | 0099
Activities Users
Navigation
Entry Reception
Intended Navigation
Waiting Area Screening Area OPD Reception Exit Fig. - Patients’ Flow Chart on sections of Centre- Bommenahalli
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Functioning Users
Functioning
Sections
Section 1
Section 2
Modules Module 1, 2, 3
Module 4.5
Space consists of SECTIONS and sections consists of MODULES.
Section 3
Module 6,7,8,9
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Section 4
Module 10, 11....
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Sections Reception
Entrance
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Waiting Area
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OPD
Screening Area
Washroom
Services
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Entrance
Module 1
Shoe Rack Signage
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Module 2
BrandingGlass Panel Frosting StickerConsultation Footwear signage Bilingual
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Reception
Module 3 Branding
The Reception and Billing Desk is the respective counters where patients encounter during Entry and Exit. Laptop and other stationery items are provided for easy maintenance of tasks at reception.
Glass Panel Frosting
StickerReception and Billing Bilingual
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Module 4
Reception Table Reception Chair Billing Slip Stationery Laptop Mouse Keys Planter Wall fan Socket Cards
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Waiting Area
Module 5 BrandingGlass Panel Frosting Sticker24 Hour CCTV Surveillance Keep your Phone Silent
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The area meant for visitors (eg. Patients) to wait for their turn. Before going for Screening and OPD. -Four chairs and a TV is installed for patients. -Wall fan for air circulation is installed. -Acrylic sheet behind chairs is installed to avoid surface tear on the wall. Acrylic panel with Signages for patients.
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Module 6
Visitor Chair TV Socket Acrylic Sheet Wall Fan
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Waiting Area
Module 7
Watercooler Dustbin Glass Dispenser Bottle Cloth Bottle Sockets Glasses Polybags
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To dispense Drinking Water of three different temperatures for Patients, Clinikk Staff including Nurse, Health manager, Doctor and everyone who is coming in. - Also providing disposable glasses for each individual to maintain hygiene. - Adjacent to the dispenser, a dustbin is provided with signage of dry and wet waste so people can easily dump used glasses without searching for a space to throw.
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Screening Area
Module 8
Ledges Visitor Stool Equipments (B.P. Machine, Thermometer, Pulse Oximeter, Glucometer) Tray (Sterillium, Spirit, Cotton, Small Tray, Used needles of Glucometer)
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Pen Scale Weighing Machine Vital Pad Height Sticker Panel
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
The area meant for patients to check for vitals like BMI, Sugar, B.P., Temperature. Checking of vitals is done by Clinikk Nurse.
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OPD
Module 9
Module 7 AC AC Stabiliser
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AC is installed above medicine unit for cooling in OPD. with voltage stabiliser. Air Freshener is placed on a storage unit to freshen and give aroma in the clinikk centre.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Module 10
Medicine Unit Air Freshener Medicine Boxes (Plastic) Medicines
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Organised Storage Unit for medicines with labels of medicine in each Plastic Boxes which will be used by nurse to give medicine to patients.
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OPD
Module 11
Wash Basin Soap Dispenser Tissue Dispenser Dustbins
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A wash basin is a fixed for washing hands installed in OPD. To use by Doctor and Nurse after performing any check-up. A soap dispenser is on left for dispensing soap after pressed. A Tissue dispenser is on right for dispensing tissues paper for drying hands. Dustbin is Placed for dumping Medical waste that is generated as a byproduct of healthcare work
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Module 12 Glucose Stand Examination Bed Steps Trolley Curtains Storage Unit (Medical things) Curtain Slider
An examination table is used to support patients during medical examinations. -An IV stand, Instrument trolley, Step Stool and other Equipments are placed to assist the medical examination. -Curtains are also installed for privacy of patients.
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OPD
Module 13
Doctor’s Table Printer Ledge Doctor’s Chair Visitor’s Stool Visitor’s Chair X-Ray Viewer Wall Fan Socket
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Pedestal Unit Laptop Stethoscope Stationery Prescription Extra Paperweight
Doctor table meant for consultation of patient with doctor. Table installed for the Doctor to place his/her laptop, to write down a prescription and chair for the doctor to sit and do a checkup. Visitor stool for patients to maintain eye contact and discuss issues comfortably with the doctor while consultation. X-ray viewer, Vaccination poster and doctor certificate is installed on wall.
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Washroom
Module14 Janitor Closet Keys Wet Mop Air Freshener It is a Storage Unit having capacity to store supplies that the Cleaning technician will use in maintaining cleanliness of Clinikk Centre. Air Freshener is placed on a storage unit to freshen and give aroma in the clinikk centre. Items like Broom, mops, cleaners, buckets are placed in this closet.
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Module 15 Wash Basin Mirror Soap Dispenser Tissue Dispenser Dustbin
A wash basin is a fixed for washing hands with a mirror above it. A soap dispenser is on left for dispensing soap after pressed. A Tissue dispenser is on right for dispensing tissues paper for drying hands. It is operated by pulling the paper from the dispenser Dustbin is Placed for dumping used Tissues, sanitary pads etc.
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Washroom
Module 16 Water Closet Water faucet Key Air Freshener
A water closet is a toilet that disposes of human excreta (urine and feces). -To use by Clinikk Staff and visitors. -A health faucet is also installed for cleansing.
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Services
Module 17 Inverter Batteries Stand Socket
Rack with arranged Inverter and Batteries to provide backup current for devices in Clinikk Centre. -6 or 4 batteries are installed according to configuration. -32 Ampere two sockets are installed for inverter supply.
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Miscellaneous
Module 18 Refrigerator
Module 19 Storage Unit (NonMedical things) Air Freshener
Storage Unit having capacity to store all non-medical things. - Air Freshener is placed on a storage unit to freshen and give aroma in the Clinikk centre. - Non-Medical Things including extra stationery, water bottle and other essential items which are needed but can not be stored with medical storage.
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Module List with Icons
Comprehended list of all modules and its icons
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Aesthetics
Aesthetics
Color Warm white color is there in the centre. Overall Clean, peaceul feeling is there.
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Lighting Are used in all centers. Concealed LED surface lights 15 Watt 4500 Kelvin Circular” White - Bezel Wipro
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Material and Textures
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Materials, Finishes & Textures
Furniture-
Wall Finish-
Leatherite Seats, Ply board PLPB - BSL MS Sheet PLY- BSL Zinc Handles Aluminium skirting and rubber mat
2 coats of putty then 2 coats of Premium Asian Paints.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Wall Finish
Leatherite Seats
Furniture
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User Study
Primary Users Patients and Visitors Namma Clinikk StaffHealth manager, Nurse, Doctor
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Secondary Users Tertiary Users Cleaning and maintenance staff of centreCivil engineer
Architects, Backend Clinikk Team- Designer, Graphic team,
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
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Namma Clinikk centre Reception Health Manager
Counselling,Filling Customer Journey, Subscription Sales,Dash Board,Medicine inventories,Giving medicines,Billing,Sales Managing whole clinikk. 00134 |
Screening Area
Examination Area
Nurse
Doctor
Temperature screening, Height weight,Blood pressure checkup, SpO2, Recording all vitals,Giving medicines, Assisting Doctor, Regular Dressings and Primary Care
Consultation, Examination Investigation, Treatment, Counselling, Regular Dressings, Suturing Procedure, Day care, Prescribing medicines, Inspecting Medicines
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Patients & Visitors Patients and visitors coming in Namma Clinikk for Checkups, Insurances, Opd consultations, advises, medicines. Categories can be divided on the basis of : Age Group- Kids, Teens, Adults, Old age Gender- Male, Female, Other Specific Patients- Pregnant, Diabetic, Arthritis Weight- Underweight, Normal, Overweight, Obese
Sandhyashree A, Staff Nurse at Centre : Bomenahalli
Patients and visitors coming in Namma Clinikk for Checkups, Insurances, Opd consultations, advises, medicines, Categories on can be divided on the basis of : Age Group Gender
Specific Patients Weight
Kids Teens Adults Old age
Pregnant Diabetic Arthritis
Male Female Other
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
Underweight Normal Overweight Obese
Screenning Area at Namma Clinikk Centre, Bomenahalli | 00135
Research Tools
Survey’s & Questionnaires
Extreme User interviews
HOW: Ask a series of targeted questions in order to ascertain particular characteristics and perceptions of users.
HOW: identify Individuals who are extremely familiar or completely unfamiliar with the product and ask them to evaluate their experience using it.
WHY: This is a quick way to elicit answers from a large number of people.
Development a new gift-warp packaging concept the IDEO team conducted web-based surveys to collect consumer perspectives from many people around the world.
WHY: These individuals are often able to highlight key issues of the design problem and provide insights for design improvement. By understanding the role and mindset of the youngest family member, the IDEO team uncovered new product design opportunities for house hold cleaning.
Medium : Google forms Medium : Telphonic and In- person interiews and Video call Discussion 00136 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Fly on the wall HOW: Observe and record behavior within it’s context, without interfering with people’s activities. WHY: It is useful to see what people actually do within real contexts and time frames, rather than accept what they say they did after the fact.
by spending time in an operating room. IDEO designer’s witnessed the regard with which the surgeons treated a transplant organ and Incorporated these idea’s into the transport box they were designing.
Medium : Observation Guide
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User Persona
Personas are fictional characters, based upon research in order to represent the different user types that might use your service, product, site, or brand in a similar way. Creating personas helps the designer to understand users’ needs, experiences, behaviors and goals. Builiding personas based on observations of real people, to represent archetype and the detail’s of their behavior or lifestyles. This is a useful way to bring a typical user to life and to communicate the value of different concepts to various target groups.
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Survey Analysis
Sample Size
13
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5 HM 3 Nurse 5 Doctor
Responsive Users
Health Manager Nurse Doctor
Attributes
Clean Secure Healing Engaging Simple Peaceful Confusing
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Clinikk as Space?
Rest Room
Seating Hours
Colour
69%
40%
60%
40%
of all Namma Clinikk staff feel the space is welcoming and comfortable to the patients and visitors who are coming in.
from staff are not willing to share the same Restroom with Patients and visitors who are coming to Namma Clinikk.
of Health Managers find the Reception chair is comfortable only for less than 5 hours.
of Doctors find the Doctor’s chair comfortable only for less than 5 hours.
*9 out of 13 Staff*
4 out of 13 people
*3 out of 5 HMs*
*2 out of 5 Doctors*
Colour they associate with HEALTH White (9) Lavender (2) Green (1) Blue (1) out of 13, total 13 responded
Colour they associate with CLINIKK White(8) Blue(3) Grey(2)
out of 13, total 12 responded.
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User and Module Interaction
User and Modules interaction within a space to understand the existing and to improve space with an understanding of aesthetics, functionality and human behavior. In fact, spatial design is the link between the more stylistic dimensions of language and visuals – and the more practical ones of responsiveness, time and user behavior. Patient/Visitor Health manger Nurse Doctor Cleaner
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Primary Research Findings
ECG Machine- Patients coming in centre are advised to go for a ECG test, needs to refer nearby due to una
Lighting While doing diagnosis on the Examination Bed, sufficient light is required to examine the patient.
ECG Machine Patients coming in centre are advised to go for a ECG test, needs to refer nearby due to unavailability. They are spending their money outside. The Test is priced in the range of Rs.150 to Rs. 300. Approximately 10 patients in one centre (from January till today) came who required ECG test.
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Drugs Drugs are highly priced as compared to standard market options available for the kind of audience targeted. After a point of time consumers will find low cost drugs and consult nearby and there is a chance of losing customers.
Seating Hours Longer continuous seating hours on chairs will affect the efficiency. Approximately a doctor and Health manager sits from 10.30 am to 8 pm (break from 2.30 pm to 4pm).
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Space DIstribution Centres like Peenya and Bommanahalli have Smaller OPDs. Having all the equipment in the same room makes it congested. And for a doctor it’s hard to navigate in between his chair and examination bed. Addition to Corona Pandemic maintaining Safe distance is quite difficult in smaller spaces.
Identity Adding elements in the front to identify Clinikk as a health clinic. Making relatable to the people who are coming in.
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Observation Study
Fly on the wall Entering with a plaster on left leg, being empath for a patient and visiting space. Visiting Chamrajpet- Namma Clinikk centres to observe by being unobtrusive in the space. Observing the enviornment, users, modules from a distance without any direct interaction. HOW: Observe and record behavior within it’s context, without interfering with people’s activities. WHY: It is useful to see what people actually do within real contexts and time frames, rather than accept what they say they did after the fact. Observe and record behavior within it’s context, without interfering with people’s activities. It is useful to see what people actually do within real contexts and time frames, rather than accept what they say they did after the fact.
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Observation Findings
One polybag for two sections- One type of waste has two Sections
Pushing the glass door is the only option to enter. Pedestal unit must be opposite to the side of vistors. Slippery doormats- at entrance and washroom Odonil pouch placement Dry vs. Wet Waste- Segregation dont know how to dispose Usage of Cup dispenser Signage guiding patients to remove shoes. But as footfall increases, shoes add a clutter which might hinder the entry. Existing Water Closet is floor mounted. After cleaning, wet mop is either placed behind the washroom gate or hung with the support of bucket. Sliding door is important for OPD but while entering and exiting through OPD, majority of patients percive it as a hing door. they either try to push away or pull in. Printer ledge and drawers of pedestal unit under doctor condraict each other. Drawers won’t be fully open. It is moving pedestal unit, so when you open the drawer with force unit come out. NO space for staff to put their belonging like bags, purses etc.
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Analysis
Analysis done from Primary and secondary research findings. Design analysis is essentially a decision-making process in which analytical tools derived fromdesign research are utilized to develop a product model that can be converted into an actual product. The type of analysis required will depend on the product concept established, the specifications of the actual product intended. Common analytical tools used in design analysis are examined.
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Problems Classification
Problems are being validated and prioritised from Namma Clinikk staff. Then classified according to the depth whether the problem require urgent attention or not.
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Major 4 classifications are
Pre- Requisite Thoughts
Micro Consideration
Consider Redesign
Redesign not required
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Problem Categories
Problems are being validated and prioritised from Namma Clinikk staff. Sequence in which
categories are presented:
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Usability
Privacy
Placement
Cleanliness
Wayfinding/ Signage
Safety
Support
COVID Pandemic
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Usability
Use of Sliding door (Direction and pressure ) Components / furniture - like Doctor table , reception table Front door opening and closing because of clutter formed by shoes at entrance Accessing equipment like baby weight, sterilizer , storage of examination bed. Use of a cup dispenser. Use of washroom Door knob.
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Placement
Placement not defined for listed objects TV and Visiting chairs IV stand Step Stool Weighing Machine Doormats Odonil Wet mop
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Wayfinding/ Signage
Issues in existing signages. Vaccination poster language can be vernacular. Defined language, size, colour, placement of signages (eg. CCTV signage is placed near reception, SILENT PHONE signage in waiting or near OPD) Push /Pull Signage During entrance No hidden signages Identification of Switches and controls.
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Support
External support from other people is required while performing these actions Using Sliding Doors when both hands are equipped (Nurse) Hard to open sliding door for senior citizen (large force required) Using WCs by certain category of users
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Privacy
PAtient privacy in opd
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Cleanliness
These are the factors on which cleaning may be compromised a little Placing Wet mop openly will lead to Smell, mosquitoes etc. Shoes place outside, for maintaining cleanliness inside Floor Mounted WC will accumulate germs on the edge where WC is fixed on floor. Sharp corners in floors are difficult to clean Sharp Edges of Skirting.
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Safety
From Electricity From the open wires of the inverter for child safety. From Accidents Sharp corners of the glass panel on which signange is pasted. As flooring is made of tiles, chances of falling are there.
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COVID Pandemic
Staff Vs. Patient (Health manager at reception, Nurse During Screening, Doctor in OPD) Patient Vs. Patient (Sitting on Visiting Chairs) Queue Management (Reception, Waiting, OPD) Payment Method Taking cash during Billing has a risk of virus. Chances of spread with highest risk Sanitisation Overall Space Santisation Washroom, handles Examination bed , Stool, Chairs, after use During Entry and Exit.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Prior- Project Consideration
Extra Add- ons
Accessibilty- Ramp Ventilation Elevated Washroom Waiting area Electrical Layout
Left- Right Convention Fire Extinguisher Layouts Wayfinding
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Overview : Immediate Redesign Screening Cabinet Visual Language Problems and Solutions: Category: Problem Statement: Problem Statement Explained User Affected : Solution: Extra work Reception Add on Design
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PHASE 3 - Redesign The Phase 3 is Looking each and every problem according to the insights and redesigning it by keeping context and user in mind.
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Immediate Re-Design
Screening Area
Before redesign of the whole medical Centre Screening Area needs to be redesigned. Issues with equipment placement, equipment usage are coming.Since, due to lack of organisation in space affecting efficiency of nurse which is leading to overall experience of users coming in. Analysing the existing screening area by - understanding task flow ,activities, ergonomics and other aspects of redesign. -Few more (7+) medical tests are needed to be included in the upcoming design.
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Reception Add-On
Health managers need to provide consultancy on clinikk products like Personal and family insurance, tests, camps etc. They have to maintain the institutional records, for these records they have to feed their personal details for further usage. For all these activities - Reception area needs seating for customers so that they can avoid hassle free discussion. - which may require to record private and confidential information - providing seating but without interrupting Health managers tasks and activities. - Making Reception Table more organised
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Screening Area
Purpose :
The area meant for patients to check for vitals like BMI, Sugar, B.P., Temperature. Checking of vitals is done by Clinikk Nurse.
Screening AreaHealth Vitals for each and everyone.
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Users
Nurse
Patients
Sandhyashree A, Staff Nurse at Centre : Bomenahalli
Patients who got services from Namma Clinikk.
Activities : Recording vitals -B.P, Temperature, Height, Weight, Sugar Collects Blood Samples Navigating and supporting aid to patients From the medicine unit- Giving medicine to patients and explaining what is prescribed by doctor Medicine Stock check after 15 days Giving Intravenous injections Dressing patients Assisting Doctor Disposing the Bio-Waste 00170 |
Patients and visitors coming in Namma Clinikk for Checkups, Insurances, Opd consultations, advises, medicines, Categories on can be divided on the basis of : Age Group Gender
Specific Patients Weight
Kids Teens Adults Old age
Pregnant Diabetic Arthritis
Male Female Other
Underweight Normal Overweight Obese
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Elements
Screening Panel
Height Scale
Screening Panel
Height Scale
Wooden Panel of 2100* 900 mm to specify the screening area space.
Sticker for Height scale placed for measuring Height. Tray for basic equipments
Tray for Equipments
Screening Cabinet
Plastic tray for keeping equipments like Infrared Thermometer, Pulse Oximeter, Glucometer kit, cotton etc. for vital record.
Cabinet of 300* 250*200 mm to store filled priscriptions, extra equipment like calculator, scale etc.
Plastic Stool
Visitor Stool
Plastic stool for placing B.P. Machine near visitor stool so it can reach patient stool to record.
For patients to sit & record vitals. Chances of reading would be more accurate and as well as comfortable.
Weighing Machine Weighing machine placed for measuring weight.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
Screening Cabinet
Stool for B.P. Machine
Visitor Stool
Weighing Machine
Screenning Area at Namma Clinikk Centre, Bomenahalli | 00171
Findings in Existing Screening Area
Placement on equipment like thermometer, glucose strips, sterelium notepad, writing vitals are placed in a tray or fridge randomly. And More tests are being proposed by Head doctor.
Overall, Space is not used efficiently according to requirements, activities, dimensions. Less Space and unorganised, Creates problem in accessing equipments during vital examination No container for disposing blood contaminated cotton (for Invasive Tests) 00172 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Patients’ User Flow at Bommenahalli Centre
Entry Reception Weighing machine placement is not defined. Because of no fixed place, it is getting kicked by people.
Waiting Area Screening Area OPD Reception Exit Fig. - Patients’ Flow Chart on sections of Centre- Bommenahalli
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Fig. - A visual floor layout of bommenhalli centre and navigation flow of patient.
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Consideration for Re-design
Requirements
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Tasks
Concepts
Sitting posture is required for majority of tests
Dimension of cabinet and panel
Concepts for redesign which can be implemented in centres immediately
Minimum Space required to each equipment
Stencils of Each equipment to know the space required
Building 3 Concepts
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Future Add-ons New test checkups happening in the doctor area needs to be added in the outer screening area, so that all checkups can happen at one place. Rum sam aut vero earum que nonecestius volo quo volupta eprovidelias atur, conem re nos volupta sequam quam, sectur? Nisqui optatur ionseque ratur? Quidi sitem fugiasit moluptio te num vole
Equipments
What to measure?
Posture Sit
NonInvasive Tests
Patient Category
Stand Supine
Sample Yes
Place
No
Height Scale Weight Machine
Height Weight
Screening Area Screening Area
Pulse Oximeter
SPO2, Pulse Rate
Screening Area
B.P. Machine
Blood Pressure
Infrared Thermometer
Temperature
Screening Area Screening Area
Glucometer
Diabeties
Screening Area
S T R I P S
HCV Rapid Malaria
HCV Malaria
To Add in Screening
HIV Typhoid
HIV Typhoid
To Add in Screening
HBsAg
HBsAg
To Add in Screening
T E S T
Dengue Troponin
Dengue Troponin
To Add in Screening
Chikengunia
Chikengunia
To Add in Screening
Syphilis
Syphilis
To Add in Screening
Pregnancy
Pregnancy
Invasive Tests
Urine Test
To Add in Screening
To Add in Screening
To Add in Screening
Collect urine
Women
Washroom
Fig. - The test list and Equipment table.
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Conceptualisation
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Concept 1
Concept 2
Concept 3
Space for ledges needs to be extended for other tests. Basic simple easy implementation
Space for ledges needs to be extended for other tests. Storage with ledges. Trying seating options. BMI is combined as one.
Rotating one hand rest is provided for precise recording for B.P and other tests. BMI is combined as one.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Prototyping
Stencils
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Final Design Prototyping Easy available material is used for prototyping for the final design Materials used: Cardboard, Glue gun, scissors, measuring tape and basic stationery.
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Final design
Features - Defined places for each equipment on 4 ledges. - Equipment ledges are milled or stickers are pasted for placing equipments - Cabinet Ledge meant for nurses to place the vital pad and write down the readings. - Visitor Stool with armrest to do the readings accurately by keeping hand at rest for counting Blood Pressure, or where samples are taken for invasive tests. - Equipment organised on a ledge so that it can be accessed easily. -the whole area is designed by keeping the navigation in mind.
The New Task Flow
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Standing Posture:
Sitting Posture:
Height Weight
Blood Pressure Glucose level Blood samples
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Dimensions for final design
Ergonomic Dimensions while sitting are taken from Indian Anthropometric Dimensions by Debkumar Chakrabarty. Dimensions taken are: For NurseStanding Elbow Female Height - 956 mm Final Stool Dimensions are:
For patients - Sitting stool clearance Knee to knee Closed= 243 mm(95th %ile) Knee to knee Relaxed= 529 mm(95th %ile) Hip breadth= 406 mm (95th %ile) Thigh- Thigh Width= 479 mm(95th %ile)
400 mm
Width is fixed according to dimension of screening panel.
240 mm
180 mm
140 mm
120 mm
400 mm* 400 mm
First ledge is fixed with the max wiidth required for tilted notepad (normal daily writing use case ). Tilt angle= 20- 45 Degree
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Reception Add-on Health managers need to provide consultancy on clinikk products like Personal and family insurance, tests, camps etc. They have to maintain the institutional records, for these records they have to feed their personal details for further usage.
For all these activities - Reception area needs seating for customers so that they can avoid hassle free discussion. - which may require to record private and confidential information - providing seating but without interrupting Health managers tasks and activities. - Making Reception Table more organised
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Reception Area Purpose : The Reception and Billing Desk is the respective counters where patients encounter with Health manager during Entry and Exit. - Laptop and other stationery items are provided for easy maintenance of tasks at reception..
Users : - Health Manager Counselling Filling Customer Journey Subscription Sales DashBoard Maintenance Medicine inventories Giving medicines Billing Sales Calls Policy Sales Managing the whole clinikk.
- Patients: Patients who are coming for checkup and consultation, and the users are coming to assist Patients
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Equipments: -Laptop and Mouse -Basic Stationery Items like Pen, Scale, Pencil, Billing Pads are provided on the reception Desk.
Patient User Flow (Sketchbook) where screening area matters Navigation in space layout by patient (recepeton highlighting ) Health manager Task Flow
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Redesign Considerations:
Improving Patient experience from the start. It should be Professional and welcoming
Few Quick explorations for adding stool near reception:
For increasing face to face interaction - For inquiry - Appointment - Emergencies. May require private and confidential information to record for institutional memory.
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Final Design
Requirements - Sitting posture is required for discussion - understand equipments and reception module - left-right design convention for usage Tasks - Dimension of cabinet and panel Conceptualisation -Building concepts and layouts -Ergonomics 3-D model Attributes: Professional Helpful Couteous
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Final Design Specifications - A stool is provided so that a visitor can sit calmly and have a discussion with the Health Manager. - Increasing face to face Interaction - Castors have locks , can be fixed for avoiding extra movements. Dimensions: Combined (Men and Women ) Knee height = 509 mm Stool Dimensions are 38*38 mm Length when ledge is closed: 66.4 cm Length when ledge is opened: 46.4 cm Width : 21.8 cm fixed Stool when 90 degree - Side space( not required) - Stoppage (no cut in table) 120 degree - Side space(23.74 cm) - Stoppage (angle cut in table) 90 degree - Side space( 41.93 cm) - Stoppage (Straight cut in table)
Due to Covid-19 , Later this idea of adding seating for in- patients at the reception area was dropped. To avoid risk on Health managers and patients’ lives or may be refined in future by keeping Covid considerations in mind. Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
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Visual Language
As users entering to the place they should get the feel of trust, reliability of healthcare. Few users have understood the space as mobile centre, taking this as a feedback and Proposing Visual Language for Namma Clinikk Centre as well as used in document. Because if a visual language is consistent, and communicating the meaning of brand, product, company and most important Healthcare. It will makes it easier for our audience to identify your company’s content and products when they see it. Therefore, it will help to strengthen your brand identity.
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Existing Logo and Signages Usage: Users mental model linking the color with Xiaomi.
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Survey Deductions:
Sample size
52
Sample size Background
Approx 50 % were Designers and other 50 % were mix of all backgrounds
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1
2
3
44.2 % 46.2 % 9.6 %
1
2
9.8 %
19.6 % 70.6 %
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3 | 00189
Logo explorations with colour
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Proposed Visual Language
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Problem with solutions
Each problem is defined with a statement and then later explained the depth of problem with who are the users affecting by the problem whether they are from staff or patients who are coming in. Then solution is provided with the problem.
Category: Problem Statement: Problem Statement Explained: User Affected :
The format in which the problem with solutions are presented.
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Solution:
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Sequence in which categories are presented:
Usability
Placement
Wayfinding/ Signage
Support
Privacy
Cleanliness
Safety COVID Pandemic
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Usability
The five E’s provide us with a set of characteristics which can be used to organize and analyze information from users. They offer trace-ability from initial informationgathering through requirements setting and finally in evaluation. This might allow the understanding of the specific needs around each characteristic to grow, or be an opportunity to confirm whether the user requirements were chosen correctly in the early stages of the project.
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The extent to which a product can be used by
specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
From User-centered design
How and why people use a product.
More than just “ease of use”
Users are satisfied when an interface is usercentered – when their goals, mental models, tasks and requirements are all met. The combination of analysis, design and evaluation all approached starting from the user’s point of view creates usable products.
Good technical writing, like good interaction design, focuses on user’s goals. The first step in creating a usable product is understanding those goals in the context of the user’s environment, task or work flow, and letting these needs inform the design.
The 5 Es – describe the multi-faceted characteristics of usability. Interfaces are evaluated against the combination of these characteristics which best describe the user’s requirements for success and satisfaction.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
Usability Effective Efficient Engaging Error Tolerant Easy to Learn
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Perceiving Sliding door as Hinge door which require high pressure, hard to use by certain users. Category: Usability Wayfinding/ Signage Support
Problem Statement Explained: Sliding door is installed for doctor’room (opening right side) and dummy room(opening left side). Users Affected:
Nurses and Patients.
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Hard to open sliding door for senior citizen (large force required). External support from other people is required while performing these actions and can’t be used when both hands are equipped {Rare scenerio- Nurse during storage of medicines, prescriptions}.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Doctor Room Sliding Door: Sliding door is installed for doctor’room (opening right side) and dummy room(opening left side). Hard to open sliding door for senior citizen (large force required). External support from other people is required while performing these actions and can’t be used when both hands are equipped {Rare scenerio- Nurse during storage of medicines, prescriptions}.
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Solution: Handle Explorations:
Signages Explorations:
From Sketchbook:
Final: Different explorations with handles with an aim how users get the intuitive feeling of how to use handle. What exactly their decision of function lies with form of product.
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Providing handle which will give an intuitive response to users to slide, Additional, Signage is provided to directing the slide. For reducing the pressure, Timely lubrication of mechanics will help. The overall griping diameter of handle in the present study was consistent with the suggested that handle diameter should be in the range of 30 to 40 mm.
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Reception- the first encounter with patient/ visitors in Covid. Health managers longer sitting hours. Category: Usability
COVID Pandemic Wayfinding/ Signage
Safety
Problem Statement Explained:
Users Affected:
Health Manager and Patients
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In Covid Pandemic, Health managers, Doctor and Nurses are front end workers and at highest risk and reception is the place where first encounter happens with patient/ visitors. With Laptop, mouse and stationaries make the table cluttered. The extruded Signage panel is placed is lower than average waist length, not seen directly and the panel has sharp corners might lead to tear and cuts as patients lean while standing . Pedestal unit placement is left or somewhere its right, needs to be Fixed (not followed standard conventions) The timing from 10.30 am to 8pm (one and half hour break) is 6 and half hours and sitting continuosly for this long.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Problem Statement Explained: In Covid Pandemic, Health managers, Doctor and Nurses are front end workers and at highest risk and reception is the placit placement is left or somewhere its right, needs to be Fixed (not followed standard conventions) The timing from 10.30 am to 8pm (one and half hour break) is 6 and half hours and sitting continuosly for this long.
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Solution:
Under table Cable Management:
Wire Organiser to segregate wires individually, Switch placement changed from wall to under table and Desk Grommet are placed with reception table so that, it will look Clean, Organised, calm and settled in front of patients and visitors who are enquiring during Entry and Exit.
From Sketchbook:
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Pedestal Unit:
Ergonomic Hazard:
Pedestal unit placed for cash , billing details, records is placed in right side to avoid discomfort and can do tasks quicker. Since, cash can’t be in direction where visitors will stand.
A Health Manager serves patients and visitors from 10.30 am to 8pm (one and half hour break), which is 6 and half hours and sitting continuosly for this long period will affect efficiency. Sitting for more than eight hours can lead to postural problems like disc damage, strained neck and swayed back in the long run. Having a great ergonomic chair is a good start but it doesn’t change the fact that you are sitting for a very large portion of your day.
Ideal Scenerio, Desk on Dominant hand side and opposite in the direction of Visitors.
The Leg rest provided in the recpetion table as one unit instead of having an extra element. Leg rest of 20 degree inclined will be attached in the leg space area of table which will avoid intitutive placement by staff and enhancing work capacity by providing comfort and enhancing work efficiency of Health Manager.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00203
CCTV Surveillance Signage:
Placement of Signage: You are under CCTV surveillance Can be placed in entry instead of waiting area so that more informational posters can be provided in waiting area while patients wait for their turn for screening and consultation.
00204 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Product:
Compact product which can be stretched and instaled at recpetion table to avoid direct transmission of covid between patient and health manager. And can be stored in small space after use. Mechanism: Energy stored in spring will make it collapsible and expandable.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00205
Doctor Table has almost similar changes as Reception Table like longer sitting hours, wire management, Covid Risks and pedestal unit. Category: Usability Wayfinding/ Signage
Safety
Problem Statement Explained: In Covid Pandemic, Health managers, Doctor and Nurses are front end workers and at highest risk. Doctors encounter patient/ visitors too closely. With Laptop, mouse and stationaries make the table cluttered.
Users Affected:
Doctor and Patients
Movable Pedestal unit with drawers placement is left. Drawer opening is contradicting with Printer and drawer opening leads the whole pedestal to move. Drawers won’t be fully open. It is moving pedestal unit, so when you open the drawer with force unit come out. The timing from 10.30 am to 8pm (one and half hour break) is 6 and half hours and sitting continuosly for this
00206 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution: As Reception:
Pedestal Unit:
Under table Cable Management:
Pedestal unit in this case must be on left, so that doctor can approach to examine the patient on stool from Right.
Consultation details, records is placed in left side to avoid hustle between patient and doctor. And no locakable drawers are requiredin that table. Open Shelves movable (for future flexibility but with castor locks) or fixed (making the unit one) in left side for easy access of documents.
Leg rest with Fixed Shelf: Movable open Pedestal but with castor lock.
Only left right direction will change w.r.t space assigned to pedestal unit.
Leg rest with Flexible pedestal:
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00207
Lightning in Examination Area, Difficult to access equipments & storage of examination bed because of step stool. Category: Usability
Safety Placement
Problem Statement Explained: Examination area has no specific extra light in case of examing for wound or specific dressing.
Users Affected:
Doctor and Patients
Step Stool come in between the pathway during crossing for the doctor to get the doctor chair and while leaving the room. No one can access storage of bed directly without adjusting the step stool. Hard to access baby weight from above the storage and below the bed. Instrumenr Stereliser is placed next to it on the floor.
00208 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution: Lighting:
From Sketchbook:
Providing adjustable lighting for specific examinations where OPD room light is not suffiecient enough.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00209
Step Stool Layout Explorations:
As movable items will not have a designated place until they are used in their task. Step stool will also hinder in opening of storage unit in Examination Bed. What if Step Stool is a part of examination Bed and after use placed it back to place. So, trying it out.
Existing
Inspiraton:
00210 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Final Design:
Modified Examination Bed with step Stool and added extra lighting with a switch.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00211
Medicine boxes randomly arranged with the medicine sticker arise difficulty in finding. Category: Usability Wayfinding/ Signage
Problem Statement Explained: Medicines are stacked in plastic boxes. Black and white sticker with the name of medicine. But all the plastic boxes are not arranged in alphabetical or any pattern to follow. Users Affected: After, prescribing by the doctor, Nurse find the medicines and take it to reception table and billing happens and Nurses
then she goes back to screening for next patients. This is a chain process, any delay at one point lead to another delay. So, if finding medicines can be easy, it would be a great value of time.
00212 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution: Inspiraton: Taking inspiration from nomenclature of books in Library. Medicine Code will work as a call number. Can have a group slip of one row pasted adjacent to the front ledge which will the range of medicine in a particular row. This can help in tracking and restoration of medicines time to time.
Azithromycin- 500mg Sticker of call no.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
Azi- 500
| 00213
Use of Washroom Door Knob by certain category of users. Category: Usability Wayfinding/ Signage
Problem Statement Explained: Door knobs have been placed for washroom lock. It has a sound feedback after successful completeion of opening and closing but how much of audience can give attention to those details.
Users Affected:
Ensuring the washroom door is a must. Few users have asked how to open and enter, after entering they have asked and confirmed Is That Locked ? Why to give uncertainity for must washroom privacy.
Doctor and Patients
00214 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution: New Lock :
A tower bolt was the initial idea which was easy to adapt for users. But permanent lock from inside can’t be given even for privacy at public spaces specially in healthcare spaces. Because in case of emergencies when person might get health stroke or fainted or slip, they might need someone to break in get treated as soon as possible . New Lock will be easy to use as well as introducing emergency alarms.
Call for Help When You in Need. Emergency alarm system installed near WC so that in emergency Namma clinikk staff can handle and take action asap. Other is only Staff is trained to enter the space to avoid uneccesary barge in.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00215
Use of Cup Dispenser by few users.
Category: Usability Wayfinding/ Signage
Problem Statement Explained: Certain users of different age groups struggle to Dispense cup from the cup holder to drink water. They were confused whether to open the upper lid or rotate cup to dispense.
Users Affected:
Instead of asking for help, this should be an intuitive process or Communicating the basic needs in best way.
Patients and Visitors
00216 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Bilingual Signage placed at cup dispensing area guiding to dispense cup. Kannada and English are the primary languages in karnataka. Small interactions to improve the overall experience. Good signage provides user with subtle, but important, communication cues, increases brand awareness, and in the end, it can help in overall experience. Signs for functional purpose is user’s takeaway with the whole experience .Presenting users with clear, concise, and branded signage.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00217
Clutter at Entrance because of footwears
Category: Usability
Problem Statement Explained: Front door opening and closing because of clutter formed by shoes at entrance. Signage guiding patients to remove shoes. But as footfall increases, shoes add a clutter which might hinder the entry.
Users Affected:
Patients and Visitors
00218 |
Adding problems to the one who have hand injuries and foot injuries adding extra task First, to remove Second, Arrange in the rack Increasing task in flow at the entrance only will add to the experience.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
With the guidance message. Add on stickers can be pasted on the floor in arranged manner. Indirect message to place footwear. Removing and again placing in the rack will make the task little longer. So, reducing the task and placing foot signageon floor. This will add indirect inituitive response to users to place shoes.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
The Array of arrangement of stickers can be changed according to entrance space.
| 00219
No space for keeping belongings for Namma Clinikk Staff. Category: Usability
Problem Statement Explained: NO space for staff to put their belonging like bags, purses etc.
Users Affected:
Staff- Health Manager, Nurse and Doctor
00220 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Providing lockers in one section of a storage unit and staff can have their own keys. Material will be the same, image is for reference only. Making few lockers in the existing storage unit only.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00221
Placement
Provision of healthcare is to the use of a variety of objects and surfaces, such as medical equipment and medical devices, including tools, instruments, gadgets and other objects. Designated placement of object will lead to organised area will maintain in long term. Leading staff indirect messages instead of placing abruptly and creating hinderance in task.
00222 |
The art of placing the right object in the
right corner in your Space with meaningful intentions.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Placement Directed message Organised Defined placement
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
Intuitive habit Long- term maintenance
| 00223
Clutter at Entrance because of footwears
Solution:
Category: Placement
Problem Statement Explained: Odonil pouch attached in holder of mirror. Adding visual hinderance while looking in mirror.
Designated placement for these small objects will help in maintaining. If small considerations are ignored will create obstacle in other tasks.
Users Affected:
Staff- Health Manager, Nurse and Doctor
00224 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Doormats placement
Category: Placement
Problem Statement Explained: Slippery Doormats moving with every kick at every entrance and using washroom. Adding hinderance aesthetically as well as functionally. These are your first line of defense against moisture.
Solution:
Anti-Slip Mats – These mats are reinforced with better traction and are best placed in areas where you anticipate moisture and grease, such as restrooms. Triangular Non-Slip Mats , Carpet Mat Grippers to avoid slipping of doormats while entry and exit from washroom.
Users Affected:
Staff- Health Manager, Nurse and Doctor
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00225
Wet Mop Placement openly leading to smell, dampness and mosquitos. Category: Placement Cleanliness
Problem Statement Explained: After cleaning, wet mop is either placed behind the washroom gate or hung with the support of bucket. Will litter water in washroom and create smell of dampness.
Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00226 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
All mops should be rinsed after every use and hung in a ventilated area to dry– never leave a mop wet. Mop holder can be installed on Janitor Closet door And removable tray can be installed like in refrigerator which collects the dripping water from mop.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00227
Intravenous Stand in OPD room.
Category: Placement
Problem Statement Explained: For smaller spaces, Standing IV is not mandatory and whe its usage is not frequent. As movable items will not have a designated place until they are used in their task.
Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00228 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Using ceiling hanging I-V stand so it will not hinder in the pathway of staff or patients. Additional space saving, Compact standing IV Stand ( inspiration from bamboo) is provided so that in case when they have to transfer patient on Intravenous. It can be transferred from ceing to standing. Hooks can be rotated to 180 degree.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00229
CCTV Signage and Silent Phone Signage
Category: Placement Wayfinding/ Signage
Problem Statement Explained: Large CCTV signage and Phone silent signage placed in waiting area . Sizes can be decrease and placement can be think of , so that this space can be used for placing other informational posters when patients wait Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00230 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
These Signages can be designed by incorporating with the visual language. CCTV signage is placed near reception, SILENT PHONE Silent signage in waiting or near OPD
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00231
Wayfinding/ Signage
Signage is a powerful visual tool for communication and a crucial component of the healthcare user experience. It can welcome, guide, instruct, and delight users, helping them navigate the complex information. In practice, however, signage can be problematic, revealing tensions between various stakeholders, and contributing to visual noise through information overload; this often leads to signage blindness, anxiety, and confusion. Take significant and meaningful changes that can be adopted at relatively low cost.
00232 |
Providing clear communication through
signage is a great way to eliminate that barrier between cognitive overload by the end-user.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00233
No Signage at entrance
Category: Placement Wayfinding/ Signage
Problem Statement Explained: No signage for push and pull for the door at entrance This is mandatory where pushing the glass door is the only option to enter.
Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00234 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Push and Pull Bilingual and Standard visuals for versatile audience. Instead of only writing , Providing visual for signange of push and pull. Visuals are more generic.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
Other option is can be metal plate for push And Handle for pull. This will give the direct option even before seeing visual signage.
| 00235
Identification of Switches
Category: Wayfinding/ Placement Signage
Problem Statement Explained: Being able to identify the designs and types of switches in space will help you to use in one go and can help in future maintenance by electrician. Users Affected:
Staff- Health Manager, Nurse and Doctor
00236 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Identifier of switches. When a visitor or facility user has been successfully guided through a building using its wayfinding system, identifier signs are like the ‘pot of gold at the end of the rainbow’, confirming that a particular location, function or person has indeed been found. Inspiration:
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00237
Support
Individuals who suffer from physical or medical conditions like back pain, knee pain, arthritis, osteoporosis and broken limbs also find it tough to use the bathroom independently. It might not be feasible for such individuals to call for help every time they need to visit the loo . In fact, given that showering and using the toilet are such private activities that being able to do them independently is of paramount importance.
People with mobility issues or disabled
individuals, too, face difficulties getting up
from the commode, since their movements are restricted. The elderly generation, in
particular, is prone to bathroom accidents due to wet floors or the lack of support.
00238 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00239
Use of washroom for elderly or Patients in need.
Category: Support
Problem Statement Explained: People with mobility issues or disabled individuals, too, face difficulties getting up from the commode, since their movements are restricted. The elderly generation, in particular, is prone to bathroom accidents due to wet floors or the lack of support. Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00240 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Grab Bars act as effective support bars that can help individuals get up, sit down or move around in the toilet without the fear of slipping or tripping on wet floors. They also provide a way for the user to put all their weight on the bar in order to steady themselves while lowering down to sit or getting up from a seated position. Support Handles providing at entry of washroom to provide support in elevated bathroom.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00241
Privacy
The patient’s confidentiality regarding his/her treatment is of vital importance and should be protected. It is the right of an individual that his/her personal and medical information is kept private or confidential. Such delicate and confidential information about the individual should only be in between him and the doctor, physician, healthcare or health insurance company. The medical information of the patient given to a health care provider shall not be divulged to others unless the patient gives his consent to disclose such information to others. The confidentiality of a patient should be maintained because the communication of personal information or records may create personal or professional problems while the patients depend on doctors to keep
00242 |
The term ‘privacy’ and ‘confidentiality’ is
important in the fiduciary relationship between a doctor and a patient. This relationship
of trust arises when the fair expectation of
mutual trust is there between the doctor and his patients.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00243
Visual and Sound Privacy for patient in OPD
Category: Support
Problem Statement Explained: Curtain are their for patients privacy during examination but for consultation in opd Both visual and sound privacy must be ensured so that patients can talk freely about their medical conditions. Otherwise, Cnsultations will be of no use.
Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00244 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
When noise and sound transmission needs to be effectively controlled, Mass Loaded Vinyl Noise Barrier is the soundproof vinyl solution to build noise barriers and soundproof walls. Acoustical barrier material can be nailed, screwed, stapled or can be reinforced and grommeted and hung like a curtain.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00245
Cleanliness
One of the key dimensions of Quality of Care is cleanliness of health facilities. Patient’s satisfaction relates to her/his perception of cleanliness in health care facilities. Maintenance of the hygiene and cleanliness of health facilities is not only related to aesthetics and patient satisfaction, but it also reduces the incidence of Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI). Keeping a hospital clean requires an active participation of all the personnel of hospitals along with the patients and their visitors.
00246 |
Health facilities are required to maintain
utmost cleanliness for minimizing the growth of infective organisms, which can spread between patients, visitors and staff.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00247
Floor Mounted Water Closet.
Category: Cleanliness
Problem Statement Explained:
Users Affected:
Existing Water Closet is floor mounted. It will be difficult to clean where broom can’t reach. This will lead to distubance of perception of hygiene and there are chances of storage of bacteria and other germs. Cleaning isn’t easy-: The cleaning and maintenance become difficult around the trap as it gets stained because of water.
Everyone in space
00248 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Wall mounted Water closet doesn’t have contact with floors, so zero chances of germ accumulation. Easy to sweep by cleaner.
Useful for people with mobility issues, who medically require the WC to be at a higher level from the floor.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00249
Sharp edges and sharp corners in space.
Category: Cleanliness
Problem Statement Explained:
Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00250 |
Sharp corners and Sharp Edges of Skirting in floors are difficult to clean. It will be difficult to clean where broom can’t reach. This will lead to distubance of perception of hygiene and there are chances of storage of bacteria and other germs. As sharp edges accumulates more dirt, and it will stay there. This will also lead to anti-microbial components.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Round corners and round edges are easier to clean and maintain for long term. To avoid accumulation of dirt and anti-microbial components round edges of skirting and round corners should be preferred.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00251
Safety
Electrical Safety Hospitals are supposed to be a place of healing, an environment designed to make you feel safe and secure as soon as you enter. Yet the invisible electrical hazards in healthcare facilities have never been greater. Falls Safety 30–50% of falls result in some physical injury and fractures occur in 1–3%. Preventing falls in hospital is everyone’s business; doctors of all grades and disciplines have an important role to play in preventing the harm resulting from inpatient falls
Electrical hazards in hospitals are not only limited to the problem of harmful electrical shocks.
Falls among inpatients are the most frequent Falls are not true accidents and there is
evidence that a coordinated multidisciplinary clinical team approach can reduce their incidence.
00252 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00253
Electrical SafetyFrom the open wires of the inverter for child safety. Category: Safety
Problem Statement Explained: Open Black colour inverter rack with batteries is a big electric hazard. Different age group visitors are coming. Children coming to clinikk might get an injury.
Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00254 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Close Mesh rack for placing batteries and inverter. More safe as compare to open racks. Top Shelf can be used to place things.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00255
Accident SafetySlippery flooring, Stair Fall can happen Category: Safety
Problem Statement Explained: Users Affected:
Everyone in space
00256 |
Slippery Flooring, Stair fall As flooring is made of tiles, chances of falling are there. The goal of patient safety practices like fall prevention is to prevent additional harm to patients while they arein care .
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution:
Anti-Skid Tape will ensure that you have a safer environment. This safety tape offers additional foot traction for protection, where slippery surface situations tend to occur. It helps to reduce the risk of slips, falls, trips, particularly for young children, senior adults, pregnant women, patients etc.
It can be used on stairs, floors and ramps – smooth or dry surfaces, ladders. To ensure best results apply to a clean smooth oil-free surface. It is easy to apply, simply peel and place. This safety anti-skid tape is easy to clean and mop friendly. This safety tape is constructed from a thick PVC base layer drenched with an aggressive 80 grit aluminium oxide compound coated with an aggressive acrylic adhesive which makes it safe, effective and highly durable.
It is built to protect and offer a safer environment Constructed from thick PVC base layer Suitable for all types of surfaces Easy to install Anti-slip tape for slippery floors.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00257
Covid Pandemic
For proper care and preventing transmission of infection, it is important to train doctors, nurses, technicians, support staff, and sanitation workers in each hospital quickly. Proper care of medical professionals working at the front line is the responsibility of hospital administration. They are at significant risk of getting infected and falling sick.
COVID 19 pandemic is going to put significant stress on our already limited healthcare
resource. It is very difficult to predict the exact number of populations that will be affected in the near future.
00258 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00259
Covid spread frontline Namma Clinikk healthcare staff and patients visiting. Category: Covid Pandemic
Initially, for few months Namma Clinikk centres was closed in the peak of COVID. So, that Namma clinikk will get the time to prepare for the pandemic so that they can serve to people. Users Affected:
Analysis done with the help of task flow and activities happen and where Human to Human Interaction is happening.
Everyone in space
00260 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00261
Risk encounters
Task Flow
Health Manager
Nurse
Consulting at Reception
Reception Talking to health manager Queue Maintaining Health manager & Patient
Screening Nurse (gloves) testing patients, Basic distancing, (mask)gloveglove transmission Nurse & patient
Waiting Area Waiting For screening & waiting for doctor turn, Chair Patients
Doctor room Examination, Chair/ stool Diagnosis Doctor & Patient
Exit Opening gate again Wearing shoes Patient’s
Washroom Handle + Closet everyone
Water Dispenser Buttons- chances Dustbin- pedal Everyone
Recording vitals at Screening
Doctor
Examining in OPD
Overall Space
Patients,Visitors
00262 |
Entry Opening gate, Removing Shoes, Handle only patient’s are involved
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Solution: Thinked of multiple interactions in task and activities where spread can happen withut disturbing the existing use cases. Chairs can have inbetween screens or one gap between two.
Self-Sterilizing Polymer
Space sanitisation
Payments
Pedal Doors
Pedal Dustbins
Also brainstormed on few materials like SelfSterilizing Polymer to Reduce HealthcareAcquired Infections. Which can act as surface to kill or wipe off after sanitisation and reduce transmission But whole material design will come into. Was an idea just.
Sanitizer on entry & exit Gloves, mask while entering & exiting ( can be disposed to dustbin during exit ) Sanitising Bags, phone and other accessories ( People are carrying )
Digital Payments Or Credit Account type one- time, 3 months plan or accordingly
Hands free foot door opener allows you to exit rooms hands free Avoid germs, open the door when your hands are full, prevent cross contamination in covid times. Easy to install
The pedal given at the base of the dustbin allows to dispose of garbage into the trash without touching the bin thus, keeping your surroundings clean and hygienic.
UTI and Covid after washroom use- sprays can be installed so, next person can spray and use.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
Payment options can be given. This will reduce frequency of multiple cash transactions.
Additional, options of foot interactions can be added to avoid surface interactions and handles are there also.
| 00263
Prior- Namma Clinikk Project Considerations:
Elevated Washroom
Ramp at entrance
Ventilation
Waiting room and TV
Electrical layout
Elevated washroom should be avoided so that it can be easy to access by variety of users coming in the Namma Clinikk Centre.
Ramps provide an alternative to stairs for wheelchair users, people with mobility issues and people with prams and other wheeled items.
Ventilation and proper air circulation is required in any space. other wise air in that particular area start smelling.
TV in waiting area should be facing towards visitor chairs so it can be ergonomical if someone is viewing the information.
Electrical layout of whole centre can be arranged in such a way no open wires or socket placement can be behind the objects
( Bomenahalli and Chamrajpete both has elevated restrooms )
( Both the centres are approx 4 feet high staircase is provided )
( Both the centres doesn’t have natural ventilation )
( Chamrajpete has TV and chairs are in perpendicular positions )
( Water Dispenser, Fans, TV in all centres )
00264 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Auxiliary Designs
Left- Right Convention:
Fire Extinguisher:
Layout:
Objects where Human body is interacting. Before Placing, keep in mind the left- right convention during usage.
The extinguishers should be available for immediate use at all users Extinguishers should be sited in such a way that the user may not have to travel more than 15 m from the site of the fire to reach the extinguishers.
More arrangemments explorations in layout for future centres.
Reception Screening area Waiting area Examination area Walking area Services Toilet
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00265
Wayfinding / Signage
00266 |
Available Facilities
Navigation Signage
A chart of available facilities in the initial for care information. In case of any specialised doctor, patients will get to know.
Navigation Signage provided at different stages to avoid patients directly going to OPD before screening.
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Awareness posters in vernacular language Earning users trust is most important factor in building healthcare system . After entering in space, user should feel familiar and something to trust. Vernacular posters for awarenes will find centres relatable, can trust and be familiar instead of being foreign.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00267
Overview : Conclusion References Web Links Books Videos Research Paper
00268 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
The Closure The Comprehended concluding comments at the end of redesigned healthcare project.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00269
There is no real ending. It’s just the place where you stop the story. Frank Herbert
00270 |
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
Conclusion
The tenure with clinikk is not just a graduation project. It is a combination of looking into the system and see, how you can create impact as an individual. It looks at medical negligence happening at primary level. My primary goal was to make quality experience for each user entering into the namma clinikk. I tried to study the system from different aspects to create the overall experience better so that it will have a positive impact in user’s mindset regarding healthcare as a system. I tried to comprehend the project in holistic view from micro to levels of healthcare. The Covid -19 made the project more challenging. I have seen three phases of work in this periodWork from office, Work from PG and Work from home. All three phases gave another set of challenges and gave me learning to grow in all times. The problems encountered in the project has a potential create impact for patient’s lives in the existing as well as upcoming centre. Waiting to see the designs in real scenerios creating impact in lives of users.
Shweta | Industrial Design | 2021
| 00271
References Web Links
00272 |
For Icons
For Standard 3-D Models
https://www.flaticon.com/
https://grabcad.com/library
NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
For Information http://www.pmlive.com/pmhub/healthcare_digital_communications/blue_latitude/white_papers_and_
https://murphylarkin.com/blog/door-handles-vs-door-knobs-which-
resources/experience_design_of_physical_spaces_a_human-centred_approach#:~:text=To%20ensure%20
should-i-choose/
people%20feel%20good,even%20their%20deliverables%20are%20alike
https://www.ikea.com/jo/en/ikea-business/
https://medium.com/capitalonedesign/10-principles-of-physical-experience-design-711bef279bf2#id_
https://www.bdcnetwork.com/5-design-considerations-when-
https://www.nephroplus.com/about-us/
selecting-color-healthcare-facilities
https://www.toptal.com/designers/interactive/interaction-design-principles
https://www.homedepot.com/c/ab/types-of-door-
https://www.pilotonline.com/inside-business/article_df5297cd-b5ca-5057-a8fe-08c5702a652f.html
knobs/9ba683603be9fa5395fab904c219eca#:~:text=Dummy%20
https://quod.lib.umich.edu/w/weave/12535642.0001.501?view=text;rgn=main
door%20knobs%20are%20one,a%20door%20or%20behind%20
https://www.tbks.co.uk/blog/door/door-knobs-vs-door-lever-which-should-i-choose/
it.&text=They%20don’t%20lock%20but,re%20also%20called%20
https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-space-planning-basics-architecture.html
unkeyed%20knobs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latch
https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/136784/any-hidden-
https://josephineensign.com/2015/05/25/the-color-of-hospitals/
disadvantage-to-lever-type-door-latches
https://homeoffice4us.com/blogs/news/should-desk-drawers-be-on-left-or-right
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318904552_
https://doctormultimedia.com/medical-logos-blue/
Hand_tool_handle_design_based_on_hand_measurements/
https://www.museion.ku.dk/en/2009/07/why-are-hospitals-associated-with-the-colour-green/
fulltext/59846cb1a6fdcc75624f8a34/Hand-tool-handle-design-
https://www.officeinteriors.ca/blog/how-to-avoid-common-ergonomic-hazards/
based-on-hand-measurements.pdf
PHC in the village of Nelogi, Gulbarga District, Karnataka… | Flickr
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/
https://www.arch2o.com/need-know-folding-doors/
long-sitting-hours-heres-how-you-can-avoid-health-problems/
7 Places to Use Anti-Slip Tape – Safety Blog and News – Informing the Working Community of Safety Issues
articleshow/61541168.cms?from=mdr
https://www.hygradebusiness.com/top-5-reasons-why-signage-is-important-to-your-business/
https://www.wqusability.com/articles/more-than-ease-of-use.html
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https://www.flickr.com/photos/kalyan3/243028770
https://online.ucpress.edu/jsah/article-abstract/78/3/327/60967/Paul-Rudolph-and-the-Psychology-of-Space-
https://www.deccanherald.com/state/top-karnataka-stories/ktaka-
The?redirectedFrom=fulltext
ranks-a-poor-8th-on-healthcare-front-niti-aayog-742798.html
https://www.paulrudolphheritagefoundation.org/196205-boston-government-services-center
https://www.flickr.com/photos/trinitycarefoundation/15723642456
https://www.paulrudolphheritagefoundation.org/philosophy-1
https://www.thebetterindia.com/2249/meet-dr-dani-unsung-heroes-
https://www.booknowmed.com/73-nephrolife-glyfada
public-service-institutions/
https://www.justdial.com/Bangalore/Peritoneal-Dialysis-Treatment-Doctors/nct-11947414
https://www.apolloclinic.com/clinic-locator/india/west-bengal/
https://www.inclusivebusiness.net/node/4036
murshidabad/baharampur
https://kaivalyapr.blogspot.com/2013/04/international-health-service-launched.html
https://www.sabrangindia.in/article/mohalla-clinics-crucial-fight-
https://www.meradoctor.net/#aboutSection
combat-covid-19
https://inc42.com/flash-feed/1mg-acquires-mediangels/
https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/calcutta/coronavirus-
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Business%20Functions/Organization/Our%20Insights/
lockdown-fear-transport-viability-keep-clinics-shut-in-kolkata/
How%20to%20demonstrate%20calm%20and%20optimism%20in%20a%20crisis/how-to-demonstrate-
cid/1773912
calm-5050-HERO-1536x1536.jpg
https://www.smergers.com/business/clinic-for-sale-in-bangalore-
https://www.schemecolor.com/pastel-calm.php
india/z1rdr/
https://free4kwallpapers.com/nature/relaxing-nature-wallpaper--08yN
https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/modern-
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwallpaperaccess.com%2Ftherapeutic-
family-doctor-plans-300-clinics-across-india-115070300865_1.html
desktop&psig=AOvVaw173Acy3-iCIKV38HFE9_9P&ust=1620298954197000&source=images&cd=vfe&v
https://pngtree.com/free-backgrounds-photos/therapy
ed=0CAMQjB1qFwoTCLDh5Y-ysvACFQAAAAAdAAAAABAI
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NAMMA CLINIKK: Redesign of Primary Healthcare Centre
For Surveys Doctor
Manager
https://forms.gle/ZM7UNgn3u8o8GVdB8
https://forms.gle/78Meagopv1MDFBT36
Nurse
Visual
https://forms.gle/ME2HnCu4pc97PWiJ8
https://forms.gle/5qSUDuU9Fot4bJk48
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Thank you I hope this project expands the gamut of perception for anyone who is interested in healthcare context.
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