ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR

THESIS 2018-2022

BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE CITY

NEED OF THE STUDY

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Bhubaneswar, the capital of Odisha is one the new planned cities after post independence period designed by the German Architect Otto H. Koingsberger in 1946 based on the concept of „Neighborhood Unit Planning‟.

REGIONAL SETTING

•

METHODOLOGY

Cities have experienced rapid growth of Urbanization that brought more number of high density housing and compact urban spaces. With rapid development of cities, there are concerns over sustainability and livability of cities. To prevent Urban sprawl cities accommodate urban growth through high density housing.

IDENTIFIYING THE ISSUES FACED BY RESIDENTS OF HIGH DENSITY HOUSING AREAS

NEED OF THE STUDY

FORMULATION OF AIM  To Enhance livability of people in high Density Housing Areas.

Map 1.1: India Map Source : Maps of India.com

•

• •

• •

Map 1.2 : Odisha Map Source : Maps of India.com

Map 1.3 : Khordha Map Source : Maps of India.com

Map 1.4 : BDPA Boundary Map Source : Maps of India.com

Bhubaneswar is located to the North-east part of the Khordha district and is divided into two jurisdiction boundaries i.e.

BMC[Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation] and BDPA[Bhubaneswar Development Planning Authority].

The Bhubaneswar city spreads over an area of 422 sq. km The BMC, that spreads over 186 sq.km is divided into 3 zones i.e., North zone, South-west zone and South-east zone. BMC is the local urban governing body of Bhubaneswar while BDA is the a statutory agency responsible for the development and the beautification of Bhubaneswar city.

CONNECTIVITY: Bhubaneswar is a prime hub and connecting route to all of the major cities.

All the major transportation nodes, i.e., Biju Pattniak International Airport, Master Canteen Station, Mancheswar Railway Station, fall within a 6 km radius from the city center and is well connected to NH 5.

1991

• • • Map 1.5 : BMC Boundary Map Source : Maps of India.com

• •

• Map 1.6 : Connectivity Map Source : Open Street Map

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BHUBANESWAR : CITY AT A GLANCE BMC TOTAL AREA 186 SQ. KM.

POPULATION DENSITY 4521

TOTAL NO OF WARDS 67

LITERACY RATE 91.7%

TOTAL NO. OF POPULATION 8,43,402 MALE : 4,46,204 FEMALE : 3,97,198

Map 1.7 : Population Density map of Bhubaneswar Source : Mapping Atlas

SEX RATIO 891

Map 1.8 : Population Distribution map of Bhubaneswar Source : Mapping Atlas

• •

2001

2011

2018

Map 1.9 : Urban Sprawl Map of Bhubaneswar from 1991 to 2018 Source : Urban Sprawl in Bhubaneswar using Geo informatics, Springer Link

FORMULATION OF OBJECTIVE

Bhubaneswar has seen 83% increase in urbanization between 2000 and 2018.

As a result of this, people living in high density residential areas suffers from physical and mental health issues.

People living in Highly dense areas and high rise building often have feeling of Isolation and Loneliness especially the Elderly and Children. Loneliness and social isolation can also compromise physical and mental health of people of all age groups.

These areas also lack a safe place or area for children to play due to which they are only restricted to four walls of the house.

Socially isolated children were at significant risk of poor adult health and diminished mental conditions that may lead to depression, reduced self control, anxiety, and various other health issues.

People living in these areas usually complain of quality of outdoor air and noise from vehicles and these areas often lack walk able environments and livable streets that one way or the other affects their physical health .

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to implementation of unprecedented “social distancing” strategies crucial to limiting the spread of the virus and due to this especially in older adults, who have experienced an acute, severe sense of social isolation and loneliness with potentially serious mental and physical health consequences are more vulnerable to social isolation and loneliness as they are functionally very dependent on family members or supports by community services.

This could be due to the increased stress one might endure in such a busy environment, pollution, safety security concerns, over crowded ness etc.

So, There is a need to enhance the livability of people living in these Highly Dense Neighborhoods.

AIM: To Enhance livability of people in high Density Housing Areas.

OBJECTIVES:  To Identify the issues faced by the residents of high density housing in the study area.  To check neighborhood satisfaction considering the 6 parameters i.e.

Stability, Infrastructure, Environment, culture, Health and Education to study the physical and mental well being of the residents.  To Enhance the livability of the people through effective planning practices and strategies.

SCOPE  Understanding the people‟s idea of Ideal Neighborhood, their daily life needs and life style expectations.  To develop a relationship between innovative planning practices and high density housing to help urban planner/Authorities in developing livable environments in new areas.

LIMITATION  Study is limited to BMC Boundary  Time Constraints

To Identify the issues faced by the residents of high density housing in the study area.  To check neighborhood satisfaction considering the 6 parameters i.e. Stability, Infrastructure, Environment, culture, Health and Education to study the physical and mental well being of the residents.  To Enhance the livability of the people through effective planning practices and strategies.



LITERATURE STUDY

CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE

EMPIRICAL LITERATURE

THEORIES, CONCEPTS, MODELS

CASE STUDIES, BEST PRACTICES

DATA COLLECTION

PRIMARY DATA

SECONDARY DATA

SATISFACTION SURVEY OBSERVATION METHOD INTERVIEW METHOD QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD

JOURNALS RESEARCH PAPERS NEWS PAPERS GOVERNMENT RECORDS

DATA ANALYSIS

PROPOSALS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

PLANNING THESIS

SYNOPSIS

SHEET NO. 1 SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE Urban areas are the main centres of growth in every country.

However, urban areas face challenges such as environmental issues, social deprivation, insecurity, health problem, and accessibility issue.

These problems affect livability level of the urban settlements.

Livability is influenced by the aspects of physical environment and social.

Livability is the balanced and favorable living conditions within a geographical area consisting both the aspects of physical and social environment .

PARAMETERS OF LIVABILITY

STABILITY SAFE

Safety and security are two interrelated terms.

Generally safety of a place means it should be free of crime, violence , social conflicts irrespective of age, gender, colour, culture etc.

INFRASTRUCTURE

HEALTH

LIVABILITY

STABILITY

ASPECTS OF LIVABILITY PHYSICAL ASPECTS

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARAMETERS OF LIVABILITY

SECURE

SOCIAL ASPECTS

It is a state of being free from danger like for ex. In a neighborhood all the residents agree together to take responsibility for keeping an eye on each other‟s property as a way of preventing crime.

ENVIRONMENT

EDUCATION CULTURE Fig 2.3 : Showing relationship between different parameters of livability Source : Self Analysis

Accessibility to public transportation facilities Safe, reliable & economic public spaces

Safety and security

Community Infrastructure makes a key contribution to livability . It suggests the importance of planning designing and delivering community infrastructure in a way that is tailored to local context and population needs.

INFRASTRUCTURE

The sense of community

Children playground

Social cohesion

Cleanliness

Happiness

Good air quality

Healthiness

NATURAL

Less noise ENVIRONMENT Fig 2.1: Showing different aspects of livability Source : The livability of urban settlement

BUILT

CONCEPT OF LIVABILITY IN URBAN NEIGHBOURHOOD

    

A permeable street network that prioritizes pedestrians, cyclists and public transport and is integrated with surrounding land use.

A safe street environment for all users by applying appropriate street geometry design and traffic management.

Ensure all streets provide space for utility services, storm water drainage, street trees and lighting.

Ensure urban form and lot design facilitate safe and convenient access to services, facilities and employment in mixed land use, „main-street format‟ activity centres.

A site responsive street and lot layout that provides local amenity, safe and efficient access and promotes a sense of place.

Livability

Economicability

Sustainability

Three Core aspects of smart city projects

PHYSICAL

This is one of the most important factor to determine livability of a place. People living in urban areas have greater risk to have health problems because of over crowding, noise pollution, detoriated air quality etc.

MENTAL

Mental health is equally important as physical health. People in urban areas often feel stressed and avoid social interactions due to possible reduction of leisure time, low presence of green, security and privacy reasons etc.

HEALTH

Fig 2.2: Core aspects of Smart City Mission Cities Source : Smart Cities Mission Guidelines

LIVEABILITY: Livability includes aspects of social well-being that enable a citizens to live a decent life in the city. Aspects like access to clean water supply, safe streets and public spaces, public transport, facilities for health and education, places for recreation and places of cultural and historical significance are all covered under this outcome. By measuring a city on these aspects against established benchmarks, a city can judge how well it is performing in enhancing livability of its residents and thereby what aspects of the city need further investments.

People want their built environment to be aesthetically attractive and appealing and to be an accessible place with a well developed infrastructure, convenient communication, good roads and walk able environments.

People want their neighborhood to be free from social, religious or cultural restrictions and conflicts.

Everyone in a community should accept each other‟s culture and values for a better social cohesion and interaction.

CULTURE

SMART CITY MISSION

The presence of green in a neighborhood seems to reduce stress and seems to be positively related to the physical and mental well being of residents and improves aesthetic quality.

EDUCATION

NEIGHBOURHOOD SATISFACTION

 Dwelling features (position, location with respect to neighborhood

facilities, quality of outdoor air, storage space)  Noise (traffic, others household appliances, emergency service vehicles)  External (tidiness, walks, safety)  Social (contact with neighbors, encountering strangers (negative)  Neighborhood attachment  Access to Transportation  Quality of open public spaces  Aesthetic quality  Neighborhood safety  Neighbourlinees  Crime  Satisfaction with dwelling unit  Open space within a block  Attractiveness  Green spaces  Proximity to shops  services, and public facilities  Ambience Trees  Quietness  Quality of public services Fig 2.4 : Neighborhood Satisfaction  Vibrant and pleasant environment Source : Livability Residential Satisfaction

INDICATORS OF LLIVABILITY

Education is also an Important parameter for Livability. People should be aware of their surrounding Environment and its cleanliness.

People Generally don't talk much about mental health. So, they should be aware that mental well being is as important as physical health.

INDICATORS OF NEIGHBOURHOOD LIVABILITY Fig 2.5 : Sustainable Development Goal Source : Self Analysis

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

PLANNING THESIS

LITERATURE STUDY

SHEET NO. 2 (A) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

EMPIRICAL LITERATURE JOURNALS/PAPERS

PUBLISHER/AUTHOR

UNDERSTANDING LIVABILITY

PROCEEDINGS 8TH WORLD CONSTRUCTION SYMPOSIUM, 2019 MAHESHI TENNAKOON UDAYANGANI KULATUNGA

MARICHELA SEPE IRISS NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL– DIARC UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II, ITALY

LIVEABLE AND HEALTHY CITY DESIGN

PARAMETER

• • • •

• • • • •

KEY FEATURES

•

RELEVANCE

• • • •

Livability is the balanced and favorable living conditions within a geographical area.

Safe and secure environment Environmental sustainability Public spaces and transportation Air quality and water quality

ENVIRONMENT HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE SOCIAL EDUCATION

• • • • • • •

Urban happiness Physical and mental well being Presence of green space Safe and secure place Quality of public spaces Social connectedness Clean air Quality of social environment Health, security and safety Social relationships Contact with the natural environment Livable neighborhoods Enhancement of community life Develop a good-quality public domain Planning for all age groups and gender Improve community safety Improve pedestrian and cycling amenity

STABILITY ENVIRONMENT INFRASTRUCTURE EDUCATION

SUSTAINABLE LIVEABILITY

M. J. VAN DORST,DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, URBANISM DEPARTMENT

• • • •

HEALTH STABILITY ENVIRONMENT SOCIAL

• • • • •

GUIDELINES FOR HIGHER DENSITY RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

DEPARTMENT OF SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENT, MELBOURNE

• • • •

STABILITY ENVIRONMENT INFRASTRUCTURE SOCIAL

• • • • •

• • • •

Understanding of people‟s perception about livability.

Importance of livability Promoting high density living community by integrating social and physical determinants.

Promoting and awaring the people about the importance of clean and green environment.

• • • • •

Quality of public spaces and presence of green will help improve livability.

Promoting safety and security in the neighbourhood.

Social and cultural gatherings may help people to improve connection between them.

Clean and green environment will enhance livability and health of people.

To design public spaces with flexible use which are capable to create a sense of belonging and community.

Physical and mental health are equally important.

Educating people about mental health to improve their condition.

• • • • • • • • • •

To have a clear understanding of relationship between physical and social environment.

To promote social interaction and contact with natural environment.

The well-known elements of livability are health, safety and the importance of the green environment.

The ultimate goal is to enhance the living environment so that the inhabitants are happy and healthy now and in the future.

To promote and design more vibrant, active streets and public spaces.

Improving provision for pedestrian street and more evening activity.

To plan and design public spaces suitable for all age groups and gender.

To promote healthy and safety environment for people of all age groups including children and elderly and people of all gender.

Table 2.1 : Journals and Research Papers

INFERENCE : Social aspects play a major role in determining the livability of a place. So, While planning and designing it is important to integrate social and physical aspects to enhance the livability of an area. Social and physical well-being of an area enable residents to live a decent life. It enhances their physical and mental health and makes the area or city a better place to live in.

CASE STUDY

PARAMETERS USED IN LITERATURE

TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

IDENTIFIED FROM LITERATURE

USED IN LITERATURE

INFERENCE

IDENTIFIED FROM LITERATURE

• THE LIVEABILITY OF URBAN SETTLEMENT. CASE STUDY: SEGAMBUT, KUALA LUMPUR CITY, MALAYSIA

INFRASTRUCTURE PHYSICAL HEALTH MENTAL HEALTH SOCIAL COHESION SAFETY ENVIRONMENT

LIVEABILITY OF INDIAN CITIES AND SPREAD OF COVID-19

HEALTH ENVIRONMENT GEOGRAPHY ECONOMY

INFRASTRUCTURE STABILITY HEALTH ENVIRONMENT CULTURE/SOCIAL EDUCATION

HEALTH ENVIRONMENT

CORRELATION TESTS LIKERT SCALE METHOD (QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD)

SAMPLING LIKERT SCALE METHOD PERSONAL INTERVIEW (QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD)

• • •

COLLECTION OF DATA CORRELATION ANALYSIS

QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD CO RELATION ANALYSIS

• • •

The cities should focus on natural environment, built environment, social stability, entertainment and recreational possibilities to enhance livability.

Aspects of neighbourliness, social interaction, safety, sense of community and accessibility adds up in creating more livable cities.

Urban planning and design should focus more on creating more livable pedestrian friendly, less automobile dependent and more inclusive cities.

The relationship between social aspects and livability was stronger as compared to the relationship between physical aspects and livability.

Better livable cities with proper and adequate health and environment has less covid 19 cases.

Social Cohesion is very important for mental health.

Better the livability, less are the people impacted due to covid 19.

Table 2.2 : Case Study around the Globe and India

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

PLANNING THESIS

LITERATURE STUDY

SHEET NO. 2 (B) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

SELECTION CRITERION

CHECKLIST

SITE LOCATION

UNPLANNED HAPHAZARD DEVELOPMENT Pockets of High density Housing areas were created with compact urban spaces and less green spaces.

Houses in these areas do not follow development regulations. These houses exceeds the maximum Floor area ratio that violates the Building Byelaws with no proper front and rear setback.

2. BRIT

1. SHAMPUR

NARROWER STREETS Narrow residential streets cause problems in neighborhoods. Sometimes the streets are choked with parked vehicles of the residents. These streets often lack foot paths which creates problems for pedestrians and also people face congestion problems.

4 2

1

Health

Hospital, dispensary centre

Education

Schools, anganwadis

Entertainment

Movie theaters, art galleries, performance space clubs

LESS URBAN GREEN SPACES Less Urban green space, such as parks, play grounds, and residential greenery, can cause detoriated mental and physical health. It increases stress, depress physical activities and increases exposure to air pollutants, high level of noise and excessive heat.

clinic, health

or

Privacy Noise from outside

colleges,

Community facilities

Library, centres, restaurants

Recreation

Parks, play grounds, sports club, walking, running or cycling track

Retail

Clothing, gift appliances grocery shops

Transport

Public transport parking facilities

3

LEVEL OF NOISE AND AIR QUALITY Traffic noise was the main source of noise pollution.

Residential areas near highways often face problems of high level of noise and degraded air quality that is hard to ignore. Congestion in narrower streets also creates problems and people have exposure to street noise. It is an important risk factor for adverse health effects.

ENVIRONMENT

NEIGHBOURHOOD AMENITIES

Indoor

Quality of Environment

community cafes,

Noise level quality

Map 3.1 : Showing selected study area Source : Primary Analysis

4. RASULGARH

ASPECTS FOR ANALYSIS

Social Bonding

Indoor and

air

Walk able environment

Outdoor

shops, shops,

Pleasantness aesthetic quality Outdoor features

and

SOCIAL 3. BARAMUNDA

Psychological Comfort

and Green

STABILITY

Neighborhood satisfaction

Safety and security

Social cohesion

Safety in indoor area and public spaces Safety in neighborhood

LIVABILITY REPORT CARD PURPOSE: To study the issues faced by the people of Bhubaneswar living in High Density housing areas and to give proper planning and strategies to improve the livability of people residing in these areas.

QUALITY OF OPEN AND GREEN SPACES Open and green areas lack proper maintenance so areas like various parks and playgrounds restricts the visit of residents as these lack green features and walk able . These areas lack proper required amenities and become areas of crime hotspot and gathering space for uncivilized people.

Highly Unsatisfied Unsatisfied Neutral Satisfied Highly Satisfied

1 = Highly Unsatisfied 2 = Unsatisfied 3 = Neutral 4 = Satisfied 5 = Highly Satisfied

PARAMETERS

1

2

3

4

5

Accessibility to neighborhood amenities Quality of services of neighborhood amenities Overall sense of safety in the areas Sense of neighborliness and social cohesion

COMPACT URBAN SPACES Compact cities promotes high residential density with mixed land uses. It should encourage walking and cycling, reduced pollution, should provide opportunities for social interaction and as well as feeling of safety. So these parameters should be enhanced taken into consideration for better livable neighborhoods.

Pleasantness and Aesthetic quality Satisfied and Happy in the neighborhood Overall Rating on Livability of neighborhood Table 3.1 : Livability Report Card Source : Primary Analysis

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

PLANNING THESIS

SITE SELECTION

SHEET NO. 3 (A) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

STUDY AREA PROFILE

STUDY AREA ISSUES

NEIGHBOURHOOD SATISFACTION

WARD NO.: W38 POPULATION SIZE: 11,916 TOTAL HOUSEHOLD : 2912 Study area no. 2 i.e.

Behera Sahi and BRIT colony located in ward 38 with an average household size of 4. A total of 20 respondents were selected from total area by using convenient simple random sampling method.

The sample covered both male and female, people of different age groups, and different household size etc.

1 “Old play ground in poor shape.”

4

39 %

Lack of Parks playgrounds and green features Lack of children‟s play area Poorly maintained parks and lack of amenities

5

NOT SATISFIED

Fig 3.1 : Showing quality of playground

2

“It is getting louder.”

Narrow streets and repairing works more often

34 %

On street parking Street flooding during heavy rains

3 Map 3.2 : showing study area 2 Source : GIS

Fig 3.2 : Showing street condition

2

LANDUSE MAP

NOT SATISFIED

3

28 %

No provision for walking and cycling Lack of street Lighting

1

Lack of street amenities and aesthetics

NOT SATISFIED

Fig 3.3 : Showing Congestion in street

4

51 %

Traffic Congestion Rush of vehicles often cause accidents High level of noise

NEUTRAL

Fig 3.4 : Passing of heavy vehicles

5 LANDUSE 12%

9%

21 %

Chocked drains cause urban flooding Garbage pile on streets

6

8%

No pleasantness in neighborhood

10% 3%

Fig 3.5 : Showing garbage pile on street

58%

6

“Places for people to meet and hangout” COMMERCIAL PUBLIC SEMI PUBLIC RECREATION

RESIDENTIAL VACANT TRANSPORTATION

Map 3.3 : Land use map of the study area Source : GIS

 

The study area covers a total area of 0.53 sq. km. With the maximum land use in residential type i.e. more than 50%.

NH 16 passes the study area , NH utilizes maximum percentage of land use allotted to transportation sector.

Public semipublic covers 3% of the total land use and commercial covers 9% of the total land use.

65 %

Lack of privacy Lack of natural ventilation

Chart 3.1 : Showing Land use percentage Source : Primary Analysis



NOT SATISFIED

“A much needed cleaner surrounding”

Lack of green features SATISFIED

Fig 3.6 : Showing Dwelling feature Map 3.4 : Issues in the study area study area Source : Primary Analysis

LEGEND 1. Highly Unsatisfied 2. Unsatisfied 3. Neutral 4. Satisfied 5. Highly Satisfied

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

PLANNING THESIS

DATA ANALYSIS

SCALE

81-100 %

61- 80 %

41-60 %

21-40 %

0-20 %

SHEET NO. 3 (B) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

PUBLIC AMENITIES SATISFACTION

 02

The area has only two schools with no proper amenities and do not have a proper playground. They also are very poorly maintained and the environment lacks greenery.

SCHOOL

 Fig 3.7 : Showing Existing school in the study area

00

There are no community hall and room in the area for having community gatherings or any recreational activities. The people of the area have no interaction since there is not enough space for them to interact.

03

01

R

Shopping Retail services

SCHOOL

COLLEGE POLICE STATION

Fig 3.1 : Proximity Public Amenities in the study area Source : Primary Analysis

RESTAURANT

CINEMA

P

The neighborhood lacks a dispensary hence all income range people have to avail the services from the two private clinics and a hospital.

There is lack of parks and playgrounds in this area and the one playground in the neighborhood is not in good condition and is poorly maintained.

Senior Secondary school

Community hall

5 3 2 1 3 1

Local parks and playgrounds

3750

4

Sports area complex

15000

1

OTHER AMENITIES

OVERALL SATISFACTION

1

2

3

4

5

Accessibility to neighborhood amenities Quality of services of amenities

PARKS AND PLAYGROUND

Table 3.3 : Satisfaction Level of residents Source : Primary Analysis

R

P

SOCIAL STABILITY

Service Industries

Informal shopping

Auditorium

Cinema

Library

Hotel

Reading Room

Bank/ATM

Cafes

Weekly Markets

Police station

Fire Station

Public Toilets

Post Office

Electric Sub station

Shopping centres

Bus terminal

Table 3.4: Other required Public Amenities in the study area Source : URDPFI GUIDELINES

OTHER ISSUES  This neighborhood lack public dispensary, post offices, police stations etc.  People often face difficulties in accessing ATMs and dispensary.  This area lack accessibility to public transportation system. As the streets are very narrow and are in very bad condition so people face difficulties in accessing public transport.  Facilities like Ola and uber are also quite not available during most part of the day .People also face difficulties in accessing Para transits from this area.

Primary School

REQUIRED

Table 3.2 : Required Public Amenities as per URDPFI Guidelines Source : URDPFI Guidelines



OTHER AMENITIES

Pre Primary School

Community Room

HOSPITAL

Fig 3.8 : Showing Existing Park in the study area

POPULATION SERVED PER UNIT 2500 5000 7500 15000 5000 15000

Dispensary



Map 3.5 : Public Amenities in the study area Source : Primary Analysis

A neighborhood population ranges from 5000 to 15000.

Need of amenities in a neighbourhood as per URDPFI Guidelines to serve a population of 11.916.

AMENITIES

COMMUNITY CENTER

Fig 3.8 : Showing Existing health centre in the study area

 

WILLINGNESS CHECK  Surveys has been conducted to check the willingness of residents to turn their residential zones to multipurpose land use zones.  Around 40% of the surveyed residents have positive response to convert their residential zones to multipurpose land use zones  Most of the residents also have a positive repose towards visiting parks, playgrounds, providing places for walking and cycling etc.

Prone to accidents and noise due to vehicle rush : The overcrowding of vehicles in the streets increase the risk of accidents along with affecting the mental health of surrounding localities.

Frequent occurrence of crime in the neighborhood : The rate of crime is a major concern since people are enclosed within their houses.

35% Fig 3.9 : Showing congestion in streets

Less security due to low activity and lack of amenities : Few or no public amenities like no street lighting pose a threat to step out and walk or gather.

12%

Lack of connectivity and neighborliness : People do not connect with each other and have little or no social cohesion between them in the neighborhood.

24% Fig 3.10 : Showing Neighborhood condition

Lack of public spaces and places for social gathering : Inadequate public space for gathering or interaction is mutually responsible for less connectivity and low activity.

20%

Absolutely no police patrolling in the neighborhood : No active involvement of police in maintaining the security and safety of the people within the neighborhood.

35% Fig 3.10 : Showing Isolated dwelling units

1. Highly Unsatisfied 2. Unsatisfied 3. Neutral 4. Satisfied 5. Highly Satisfied

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

40%

PLANNING THESIS

DATA ANALYSIS

SCALE

81100 %

6180 %

4160 %

2140 %

0-20 %

SHEET NO. 3 (C) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

STUDY AREA PROFILE 2 (RASULGARH) Study area no. 4 i.e.

Rasulgarh located in North zone of BMC area with an average household size of 4.3. A total of 20 respondents were selected from total area by using convenient simple random sampling method. The sample covered both male and female, people of different age groups, and different household size etc.

Map 3.6 : Showing study area 4 Source : GIS

RASULGARH WARD NO.: W 18 and W 19 5% 1%

ISSUES AND SATISFACTION LEVEL “Streets in bad condition.”

 Busy streets.  Chaos and high level of noise due to high commercial activities in the area.  Prone to high risk of accidents on the road.

 AQI 204 Very Unhealthy Healthy individuals are likely to experience difficulty breathing and throat irritation so people consider staying indoors and rescheduling outdoor activities.

“Blocked Drains” 3

4

“It is getting Louder”

1

 Feeling of vibration in nearby residential areas due to passing of heavy vehicles.  In busy hours movement of cranes trucks lead to congestion  Face difficulties in crossing roads especially the elderly and children.

4

38 %

2

POPULATION SIZE: 15, 071 TOTAL HOUSEHOLD : 3517

9%

28 %

12 %

2

5

5

11%

“No proper visibility of streets”.

5%

 Absolutely no green spaces in the study area.  Low quality of urban green spaces, parks and playgrounds.

8%

7% 54%

6

1 COMMERCIAL PUBLIC SEMI PUBLIC GREEN SPACES POND/CANAL

RESIDENTIAL VACANT TRANSPORTATION SWAMP

Chart 3.2 : Showing Land use percentage Source : Primary Analysis

18 %

3 1

 Residential areas near the square are exposed to high level of noise, smoke from vehicles and have feeling of isolation  Vehicles illegally parked under flyover.

5 6

10 %

7

30 %

 Unsafe cycling infrastructure, limited access to cycle.  Discontinuous, Inaccessible, insufficient footpaths and pedestrian.  Absolutely no space for walking

8 “Pedestrian discomfort”.

Map 3.7 : Land use map of the study area Source : GIS

   

The study area covers a total area of 1.24 sq. km. With the maximum land use in residential type i.e. more than 50%.

Public semipublic covers 7% of the total land use and commercial covers 9% of the total land use.

Transport covers a total 11% of the total area that is nearly equal to (12%) to the land use segregation percentage allotted to transportation sector of total land use.

Green space only covers 5% of the total land use which is much less than the percentage allotted to recreation i.e. 12-14 % according to URDPFI.

8

 Narrow streets.  No front and rear setback.  Congested and detoriated housing condition.

35 %

Map 3.8 : Issues in the study area study area Source : Primary Analysis

“On street Parking.”

“Need of more parking spaces”

7

40 %

1. Highly Unsatisfied 2. Unsatisfied 3. Neutral 4. Satisfied 5. Highly Satisfied SCALE

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

 No separate spaces for vendors,, on street vending causes over crowding and traffic jams.  Missing street design elements and aesthetic quality of street.

PLANNING THESIS

DATA ANALYSIS

81-100 %

61- 80 %

41-60 %

21-40 %

0-20 %

5

4

3

2

1

SHEET NO. 3 (D) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

PUBLIC AMENITIES SATISFACTION

 04

 

SCHOOL

  01

COMMUNITY CENTER

   

02



HOSPITAL

 02 Map 3.9 : Public Amenities in the study area Source : Primary Analysis

OTHER AMENITIES

R

P

OTHER AMENITIES

Shopping Retail services

Service Industries

Informal shopping

Auditorium

Cinema

Library

Hotel

Reading Room

Bank/ATM

Cafes

Weekly Markets

Police station

Fire Station

Public Toilets

Post Office

Electric Sub station

Shopping centres

Bus terminal

R

P



PARKS AND PLAYGROUND

  

Adequate no. of public amenities are available in the study area.

People have accessibility to public transportation systems and Para transit systems.

Public toilets are present in enough numbers but are unhygienic.

Continuous on street parking in front of commercial buildings.

People avoid not to take the risk of passing through the road with family members, especially when with kids, during busy hours.

Fig 3.11 : Showing Existing School in the study area

Fig 3.12 : Showing existing Community hall in the study area

Top private hospitals are also present nearby the neighborhood.

Lower communities people face difficulties to afford these private hospitals.

So there is a need to improve the services of small dispensaries present in the neighborhood.

3 to 4 local parks with proper amenities are required to serve a population of 15000 in a neighborhood.

This area lacks parks and playgrounds and those present are in very poor and detoriated condition with no proper amenities and design elements.

A neighborhood population ranges from 5000 to 15000.

Need of amenities in a neighbourhood as per URDPFI Guidelines to serve a population of 15.071.

POPULATION REQUIRED SERVED PER UNIT

AMENITIES

Quality of infrastructure of community hall for social gathering is very poor.

Due to poor infrastructure people have low or no interest to visit these community halls.

Fig 3.13 : Showing existing Health centre in the study area

Pre Primary School

2500

6

Primary School

5000

3

Senior Secondary school

7500

2

Dispensary

15000

1

Community Room

5000

3

Community hall

15000

1

Local parks and playgrounds

3750

4

Sports area complex

15000

1

Table 3.5: Required Public Amenities as per URDPFI Guidelines Source : URDPFI Guidelines

OVERALL SATISFACTION

1

2

3

4

5

Accessibility to neighborhood amenities Quality of services of amenities Fig 3.14 : Showing existing playground in the study area

Table 3.6 : Satisfaction Level of residents Source : Primary Analysis

SOCIAL STABILITY 01



No neighborhood interaction

 

Low level of happiness

02

No Mutual trust and bonds between the neighbors of a community.

Social conflict is a major problem in the neighborhood.

People in this area have low interest for social meet ups and gatherings.

18%

32%

Fig 3.18 : Showing Neighbourhood Fig 3.15 : Showing dwelling unit on NH

03



Feeling of isolation

 04

No sense of community

Table 3.7: Other required Public Amenities in the study area Source : URDPFI GUIDELINES

 

 

The quality of services provided in the school is very poor.

Play ground a or play area is not properly developed or maintained.

Congestion and noise in road affects study environment.

No proper well defined boundary of school.

Lack of aesthetic quality and study environment.

06

Dark streets and corners

 

High Crime during night hour

31%

Feeling unsafe in one‟s neighborhood and the fear of being a victim of crime decreases social ties and social cohesion among the neighbors.

Perceived neighborhood violence and hearing about violence in one‟s community , in addition to being a victim of violence, contributes to adverse psychological conditions such as anxiety depression and stress.

20%

35%

Fig 3.20: Showing surrounding neighborhood Fig 3.17 : Showing Neighbourhood condition

1. Highly Unsatisfied 2. Unsatisfied 3. Neutral 4. Satisfied 5. Highly Satisfied SCALE

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

38%

Fig 3.19 : Showing street condition Fig 3.16 : Showing isolated dwelling unit

05

Covid 19 Pandemic also has a very bad impact on the physical and mental condition of people of this area as there were complete lockdowns and residents were limited to four walls of house.

The feeling of isolation were mainly seen in children and elderly as per the analysis.

PLANNING THESIS

DATA ANALYSIS

81100 %

6180 %

4160 %

2140 %

0-20 %

SHEET NO. 3 (E) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

PARAMETERS

SUB PARAMETERS

NEIGHBOURHOOD 1

 NEIGHBOURHOOD AMENITIES

COLLEGE

SCHOOL

BANK

HOSPITAL

  

DISPENSARY

COMMUNITY HALL

PARK

LIBRARY

 NEIGHBOURHOOD STREETS

 STREET LIGHT

STREET AMENITIES

FOOTPATH

ZEBRA CROSSING

 CLEAR VISION

SIGNAGES

GREENERY

CRIME OCCURANCE

GREENERY VIBE

CONECTEDNESS

NEIGHBOR‟S NEEDS

SOCIAL GATHERING

   



Rate of crime increasing day by day in the area mainly snatching of mobile phones and jewellery.



People mostly prefer having access to leisure facilities and urban greenery.

The quality of urban green space and recreational area are very poor and not well maintained There is no space at all for green spaces.

Streets in this area also lack green elements.



Abundant lack of green space in the study area.

Parks and playgrounds are not well maintained.

Lack of required amenities and missing aesthetic quality of the parks and green spaces.

PARK AMENITIES



COHESION



      

Social aspects of planning were stronger and significantly related to the livability level among respondents in the study area as compared to the physical aspects.

There is lack of neighborhood connection and residents rarely care about their neighbor needs.

 

   

NEIGHBOURHOOD SATISFACTION

Urban environments that promote safety, lack of noise, place identity and attachment and local social connection contribute to livability at neighborhood scale.





Lack of urban green spaces in both the neighborhoods and extremely low green spaces in the Neighborhood 2.

The quality of urban green spaces and of parks and playgrounds affects the physical and mental health of residents.

Green spaces with flexible use that create a sense of belonging and pleasantness can help enhance livability.

 

Lack of neighborhood relation and cohesion in the environment.

Detoriated mental health condition of youths and students due to lack of exposure to outer environment.

Affects the physical and mental health of residents.

Causes anxiety, depression, feeling of loneliness and isolation.



Strategic provision of additional amenities in a neighborhood corresponds to increased acceptance of higher density living without adversely affecting livability.



 

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR

PLANNING THESIS

Aesthetic quality and design elements in the street adds for better livable streets.

Pedestrian paths, cycling tracks and zebra crossings is what people prefer most in a neighborhood.

Improvement and provision of service roads in the highways and major roads.

Street amenities like benches, drinking water facilities, street lights enhances street livability.

Proper parking facilities and parking areas is an important need.

Crime rate is high in both the neighborhoods that degrades the quality of the area. So proper and timely monitoring can reduce the crime rate.

NEIGHBORHOOD SATISFACTION

DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

Presence and proximity to public amenities plays an important role in determining the livability of a place.

Access to retail shops, commercial places and places of entertainment has a positive impact on people‟s mind.

Safe cycling infrastructure or accessible public transportation is what people mostly prefer in a neighborhood.



SMALL LIBRARY



NEIGHBORHOOD VIBE

 

Crime rate is high in this area because most of the residents in this area are uncivilized. So people afraid to step out after evening.

 NEIGHBOURHOOD COHESION



Transportation vehicles such as trippers, trucks and tractors are lying abandoned along the Rasulgarh stretch.

The huge arms of the cranes protrude out of the space towards the service road.

Illegal parking lots along the street.

Abandoned vehicles are also obstructing bicycle tracks and break the smooth flow of traffic.

The service roads are yet to be prepared.

No measures have been taken to expand the narrow roads.

Lack of pedestrian focused or people oriented streets.

Congestion is making sideways narrower, resulting in a decline in attractiveness and desirability.



SAFETY AND SECURITY

NEIGHBOURHOOD GREEN PLAYGROUND



Public Amenities are present in abundant numbers like schools, colleges, shopping complexes, hospitals in the study area.



 TREES AND GREENERY

Streets in these area lack street amenities like street lighting, sitting benches, aesthetic quality.

People in this neighborhood lack pedestrian path, places for walking due to traffic congestion and often streets are flooded during heavy rains.

It is difficult for elderly and children to step out of their houses.



OVRERALL INFERENCE

CYCLING TRACK

NEIGHBOURHOOD SAFETY POLICE PATROLING

Lack of public amenities like some dispensary. post offices, ATMs in close proximity to the neighborhood.

No proper cycling infrastructure and no accessibility to public transport systems Proximity to city centers, retail shops, grocery shops. etc. is high.

Quality of services provided by public amenities are very poor.

NEIGHBOURHOOD 2

DATA ANALYSIS

Social gatherings may help people to improve connection between them.

Social cohesion is an important factor for people of all age groups including children and elderly and people of all gender.

Thus, any effort to increase the livability should focus on all the significantly correlated aspects, especially the aspects of volunteerism, safety, community interaction and sense of community.

The ultimate goal is to enhance the living environment so that the inhabitants are happy and healthy now and in the future.

Enhancing livability will help people to retain in their respective neighborhoods.

SHEET NO. 3 (F) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

RECREATION AND URBAN GREEN SPACES

  

URBAN STREETS

PROPOSALS

The planned green spaces are the most significant social spaces for people to interact on a daily basis and also considered as one of the sustainability indicator for maintaining the well being in residential Communities.

Improving Quality of the existing Urban open green spaces.

SMALL SPACES BIG IMPACT: Proposing new recreational areas or green pockets with required amenities and beautification elements to make it more attractive and pleasant.

1

All people should be able to move safely, smoothly and conveniently

2

   

Fig 4.1 : Green Pockets Source : Landezine.com

Fig 4.2 : Proposed playground Source : Landezine.com

3

Fig 4.3 : Proposed Parks Source : Landezine.com

PLANTATION  Trees play an important part in the design, function, and aesthetic success of the street scape. Trees are essential on streets for following reasons:  To provide shade to road users especially, pedestrians and cyclists.  To reduce local ambient heat and provide cooler atmosphere.  Improve quality of air by absorbing pollutants.  To reduce surface water drain off. Make streets aesthetically pleasing.







Fig4.20: Street Design cross section of sub arterial road Source : Street Design.com

 LOCAL STREET : 10m





SUB- ARTERIAL STREET DESIGN

Fig 4.7 : Clean Neighborhood Source : Planetware.com

ELECTRIC POWERLINES: The standard height of an electric pole should be 20 feet and above. Electric power lines should not form coils in the pole it should be regularly maintained and checked and actions should be taken.

DWELLING UNITS: Provision of terrace gardens, small gardens in balconies and green features in windows for better privacy in homes improving aesthetic Fig 4.8 : Terrace Garden Fig 4.9 : Green Balcony Source : Homebnc.com Source : Homebnc.com quality and pleasantness in homes that will certainly improve mental health.

STORM WATER MANAGEMENT: Provision of permeable paving Fig 4.11 : Bioswales 4.10 : Paving Blocks blocks, bio swales, rain gardens, Fig Source : Stormh.com Source : Stormh.com unpaved verge, separate channels along the streets, etc. to reduce surface runoff, clogging of drains, and urban Fig 4.12 : Storm Water Drain flooding in the area.

Fig 4.13 : Rain Garden Source : Stormh.com

Source : Stormh.com



PUBLIC TRANSPORT ROUTE Frontage Zone : 0.5m

IMPORTANT NODES PROPOSED GREEN POCKETS CCTV SURVILLIENCE

SOCIAL STABILITY





 

High-frequency public transport services located along integrator streets or neighborhood connectors to provide highly accessible and direct routes.

Provision of Para transits like autos and rickshaws to interior neighborhoods and proximity to public transport facilities like mo bus, Proposing important nodes and transportation routes for public transport systems.

Provision and accessible use of transport systems like ola, uber.

    

Pedestrian Edge Zone : Zone : 1.8m 0.2 m

Carriage Way

Fig 4.14 : Cross section design of local streets Source : street design.com

Map 4.1 : Showing Proposals to be implemented in the area

PUBLIC TRANSPORT



 

PROPOSED LOCAL STREET DESIGN



         

Pedestrian Crossings Traffic calming measures Central Medians Railings Bollards Speed breakers Street lights Traffic Signals Signage, Markings Zebra Crossings

     

Plantation Utility and services Storm water management Garbage containers Public toilet CCTV Surveillance

Fig4.17: Cycling Tracks Source : Street Design.com

Fig4.18: Road Markings Source : Street Design.com

Fig4.19: street flags Source : Street Design.com

4

LEGEND Fig 4.6 : Waste Segregation Source : Planetware.com



SUB-ARTERIAL STREET: 20m

MAINTAINANCE: Regular cleaning and sweeping of streets to avoid garbage pile on roads.

Garbage should be segregated at source and proper disposal method Fig 4.4 : Segregation at source Source : Pinterest.com should be adopted.

Door to door collection system is ideal method of waste collection to discontinue practice of garbage containers on streets.

Fig 4.5 : Waste collection Source : Planetware.com

  

NEIGHBOURHOOD SURROUNDINGS





Footpath clear walkway Cycle Track Parking Areas Street Furniture Sitting spaces Green trees Ornamental plants Street Flags

Make streets safe, clean, Streets to reduce impact on attractive and natural and built environment. comfortable for people to To have green streets in the walk and drive city

Physical wellbeing through physical activity and fresh air.

Mental wellbeing through stress reduction and attention restoration.

Social wellbeing through social integration, engagement and participation Provision of residential cafes and places of entertainment where people can spend some quality time with their family, friends and neighbors in a compact neighborhood.

Provision of small libraries and reading rooms to spend quality leisure times.

Provision of well designed and maintained community halls for social functions and gatherings at regular basis.

     

Fig 4.15 : Residential cafe Source : homedezin.com

Fig 4.16 : Small library Source : homedezin.com



CARRIAGE WAY: PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE TRACK: 3m

LANE 2 LANE 1 FRONTAGE AND PARKING: 3.5m MEDIAN 3.5m 2m 2.5m

STREET SCAPING: Street zoning and street scaping and adding design elements to make the streets more attractive and functional.

PARKING: Separate places for parking of vehicles prohibiting on street parking in neighborhoods WALKABILITY AND CYCLABILITY: Provide a safe, convenient, permeable and legible pedestrian and bicycle network in the neighborhood.

STREET AMENITIES: Adding street furniture's and street amenities like street lights, street flags etc.

STREET FLOODING: Regular cleaning and maintaining drains and proving separate drains for storm water.

ROADS: Construction of asphalt and cement concrete roads .

Creating livable and functional streets for enhancing the quality of streets.

GREEN BUFFER: Providing smooth lines of green trees along the streets between side walk and moving traffic for beautification and safety purpose.

Well designed and properly placed furniture inculcates sense of discipline among road users, acts as traffic calming measure and adds aesthetic value to the street.

Following are the commonly used street furniture: Seating/benches Signage/ info kiosks Trash bins Bollards and railings Street Furniture brings in life on the streets and improves its aesthetics and usability.

Fig 4.21: Design element Source : Street design

Fig 4.22: Street Benches Source : Street design.com

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

PLANNING THESIS

FRONTAGE PEDESTRIAN AND PARKING: AND CYCLE 2.5m TRACK: 3m

PROPOSALS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Fig 4.23: Street Plantation Source : Street design.com

Fig 4.24: Sitting Places Source : Street design.com

SHEET NO. 4 (A) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

PROPOSALS

URBAN STREETS

LEGEND

SPEED BREAKERS  Speed Breakers are induced elements on the streets whose sole purpose is to reduce vehicle speeds. They are ideally introduced where the surrounding land use expects low speed or where many accidents take place due to over speeding.  They should be supplemented by proper markings, cats eyes and signages making them clearly visible at night time.  Speed bumps should be installed from edge to edge of the road without leaving any gap at the road side (especially on local streets with no footpath) as vehicles use such gaps to avoid the speed bump. This leads to unsafe conditions for pedestrians and vehicles alike.

STREET FURNITURES  Street furniture is to be provided at all such locations having high public activity and pedestrian flow like commercial plazas public buildings, recreational areas, transit stations, parks and gardens, educational institutes, market areas, shopping malls etc.

TRAFFIC SIGNS  Traffic signs and regulatory signs at regular intervals. Signage should be predominantly placed such that it does not create any hindrance but is clearly visible to road users.  Signage should not be installed within footpath walking zone but only at edge of footpath such that vertical clearance below lowest point of signage would be minimum 2.4m.

AESTHETICALLY APPEALING STREETS COMPLETE STREET DESIGN  Proposing Complete streets with well-defined footpaths and bicycle routes encourage healthy and active lifestyles.

Creative repurposing of street space helps connect the community by Fig 4.27: Green Buffer providing attractive public space Source : Street design.com for residents and visitors to gather.

VENDING ZONES:  Providing proper places and CARRIAGE WAY: 6.4m FOOTPATH: FOOTPATH: VENDING development for vending zones to 1.8m 1.8m ZONE: 2m avoid street congestion.

Fig 4.37 : Collector road street design

PROPOSED COLLECTOR STREET DESIGN IMPORTANT NODES PROPOSED GREEN POCKETS CCTV SURVILLIENCE GREEN BUFFER ZONE PROPOSED FOB

Fig 4.25 : Green Buffer Source : Greeneryc.com

Fig 4.34 : Speed Breakers Source : Street design.com

Fig 4.35 : Tree line on medians Source : Street design.com

Fig 4.36 : Multi Utility Zone Source : Street design.com

Source : Street design.com

MULTI UTILITY ZONES



Fig 4.26 : Proposed Pocket Parks Source : Lot Neighbourhood.com

Map 4.2 : Proposed Map of the study area

SOCIAL STABILITY

  

Provision of well designed and maintained community halls for social functions and gatherings at regular basis.

Creating awareness about importance of physical and mental health , importance and need of social gathering and improving social cohesion among the residents .

Social cohesion has a positive impact on mental health of residents it gives them sense of safety, security, inclusion and feeling of happiness in a neighborhood.

NOISE CONTROL





 

 

CCTV surveillance at regular intervals Police patrolling is much needed mainly at evening and night to reduce crime rates in the neighborhood.



Noise level should be less than 55db during at time and below 45db during night time at any residential area.

SOUND SCREENS AND BUFFERS: A good sound barrier uses evergreen trees and shrubs to reduce noise in neighborhoods.

Plants with broad leaves and thick branches work best as Fig 4.27: Green Buffer Source : Street design.com sound barriers.

ASPHALT ROADS: Asphalt roads are better absorber of noise than kuccha and bitumen roads.

Passing of heavy vehicles should be restricted in residential areas after a certain time limit. There should be fixed timing from 11AM to 5PM for passing of heavy vehicles .and Complete restriction of heavy vehicles during night time.

NORMS: Noise control acts for high volume of horns, noise evoking tyres should be regulated.

Regulation and monitoring of acts like control of vehicle speed and traffic calming devices should be implemented.

MUZ is a new and highly appreciated concept. The concept is very simple and workable. All the stationary elements on the street are organized in a dedicated space which results in obstruction free streets  Proposing Stationary elements like trees, hawkers, bus stops, underground and overhead utilities like electric supply, light poles etc. parking and such other elements are organized in a space on shoulders between footpath / cycle track and motor vehicle lane. This concept has brought in high efficiency and improvement in streets.

FOOT OVER BRIDGE  Foot over bridge (FOB) - Pedestrian crossing is on a bridge at specified height over the street level. Access to the bridge is normally by steps. Provision of FOB in Rasulgarh will reduce accidents to much extent and residents can move freely.

GREEN BUFFER  Proposing thin line of green trees along the rasulgarh canal, major streets and local roads that will add vale to the place both environmental and aesthetically.

Fig 4.37 : Pedestrian path Source : Street design.com

Fig 4.38 : Foot over bridge Source : Street design.com

POLICY LEVEL PROPOSAL Integration of urban livability in city planning process for better physical and mental health of urban population. This can be achieved by focusing or examining the livability determinants like neighborhood perceived safety, neighborhood perceived quietness, neighborhood social cohesion, neighborhood attachment, parks and trees at neighborhood level.

Regular and periodical reviewing of peoples perception about livability, identifying their issues and address them in city planning process through various policies and strategies to achieve urban livability through neighborhood satisfaction tool.

Neighborhood satisfaction and Neighborhood happiness can be used as a tool to fulfill determinants of livability .

This current crisis made citizens more aware of the value of the neighborhood, its functions, and its livability determinants, especially by rediscovering the value of green and public spaces, of local amenities, of short distances, and of staying connected with other people at this scale.

ULBs and authorities should implement policy proposals like regular monitoring and checking of satisfaction level of residents considering parameters like safety, security, attractive neighborhood, social cohesion, affordable housing, open spaces, accessibility to educational institution, health centers, availability of community centers, proximity to local shops, green spaces, attractive streets, surrounding environment, clean and green environment, safe walking and cycling infrastructure, accessibility to public transport etc. to understand people‟s perception about livability at a more detailed level.

Rating system should be adopted to have a clear understanding of satisfaction level of residents in there neighborhoods i.e. Highly satisfied, satisfied, neutral, un satisfied and highly unsatisfied through stakeholder consultation.

Creating awareness about importance of physical and mental health , importance and need of social gathering and improving social cohesion among the residents, conducting local capacity building programme and conducting workshops on urban livability involving different technical leaders .

Authorities should continue same planning policies and strategies in new emerging neighborhoods for enhancing livability.

ENHANCING LIVABILITY IN HIGH DENSITY COMPACT NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE OF BHUBANESWAR DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING ODISHA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR

PLANNING THESIS

PROPOSALS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

SHEET NO. 4 (B) SUBMITTED BY SHATABDI DASH (1820106027)

THANK YOU

SHATABDI DASH