have rripled in attendance, a new exh ibition is open on Fulton Street, and people are returning to the Seaport as both visitors and volunteers. This gem of New York City and America is on its way back. It's an exciting time fo r South Street Seaport and an exciting time for those who love and celebrate sea history. (S ubmitted by Captain Jonathan Boulware, executive director, South Srreet Seaport Museum: 12 Fulton Street, New York, NY; www.so uthstreet seaportmuseum.org) ... On 15 July, the Ninth US Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco, California, ruled against the US Navy's use oflow-frequency active sonar (LFA), which has been determined to cause harm to marine mammals .
THE NAUTICAL RESEARCH GUILD " ADVANCING SHIP MODELING THROUGH RESEARCH " An nual membership includes ou r world-renowned quarterly magazine, Nautica l Research Journal, w hich fea tures photographs and articles on ship mod el building, naval architecture, merchant and nava l ship constru ct ion, mari tim e trade, nau t ical and mari time history, nautica l archaeology and
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Whales and dolphins use sound waves to navigate and locate prey and members of their pod. Designed for submarine detection over vast expanses of deep sea, LFA has the capacity to expose thousands of square miles- and everything in it- to dangerous levels of noise and its use has been shown to be harmful to marine mammals by disrupting their feeding and mating patterns. The unanimous ruling reversed a lower court decision from 2012 that permitted the navy to use LFA for "training, testing and routine operations." Environmental gro ups, including the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), fi led a laws ui t in San Francisco in 2012 arguing that the National Marine Fish eries Service (NMFS) requirements fa iled to meet a section of the Marine Mammal Protection Act requiring peacetime oceanic programs to have "the least practicable adverse impact on marine mammals." The appellate court ruled 3-0 in favor of the environmental groups, concluding that the NMFS "did not give adequate protection to areas of the world's oceans flagged by its own experts as biologically importa nt."
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