particul arly because of the introduction of facrory ships and highly efficient fi shin g trawlers on the Grand Banks. Sherman Zwicker left the fishing industry in 1968 and was sold to a private owner, who h ad her resto red and maintained her as an o perational museum ship in Maine. The Grand Ban ks Schooner Museum Trust kept the ship operational and open to the public until las t May (2014), when she was sold to a pair of brothers who brought the schooner to Manhattan and set her up as an oyster bar on deck while maintaining her as a museum below decks. Sherman Zwicker was built as a modifi ed schooner with a diesel engine as her prima ry power source. The Zwicker was rigged with shortened masts and sailed with a tri angular mainsail with neither gaff nor boo m . Like Adventure, the Zwicker has a knockabout bow (no bowsprit), designed to keep her crew off the dangerous bowsprit, appro priately called the "widowmaker." Sails were used fo r auxiliary power and to steady the vessel in rough seas, much like a modern shi p's use of stabilizers. The Zwicker can cruise at ni ne-and-a-half knots using the engine, and fi ve knots under sail power
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In summer months, the Zwicker a was Long-time fixture at the M aine M aritime Museum waterfront in Bath, Maine, until fast sp ring, when she moved permanently to N ew York City. alone with a fair breeze. H er frames and keel are white and red oak, planking is Southern pin e, and her decks and mas ts are D ouglas fir. Twelve dories were carried on deck, nested six to a side, port and starboard. Nestled in the engine space is a 1939 Fairbanks-Morse eight-cylinder diesel engine (Model 35 F l OM). The engine operates on the two-cycle principle, in which two strokes of the piston (one complete revolutio n of the crankshaft) are necessary to co mplete each cycle. A five-inch drive shaft
connects the engine with a three-blade propeller, five feet in diameter. The engine is an air start, direct reversibl e marine engine-there is no reverse gear. To go as tern under power, the crew had to shut the engine down, reverse the cams, and then restart the engine. Fairbanks-Morse model numbers are a combination of three different designations: design year, letter designation, and bore size. Design year is the yea r that the design was implemented (1932, '35, '37, etc.). Letter designations include A fo r a flapper-type blower, E, F, and Y for a crankcase air scavenging system, and D for a piston-type blower. Sherman Zwicker has an engine des igned in 1935 with a crank case air scavenging system and a 10-inch bore. The engine's cylinders use rope wicks the size of ordinary clothesline, about two inches in length and soaked in potassium nitrate (saltpeter), fo r use as glow plugs. Each cylinder's cas ing head has a threaded plug with a recess into which the wick is placed . After the wick is lighted and glowing, the plug is screwed back into the cylinder head. The engine uses approximately fifteen gallon s of diesel per hour at full capacity; the Z wicker carried 4,000 gallons of fuel when she was an active fishing vessel. A British-made Lister auxiliary diesel engine is mounted on the starboard side of the engine roo m and is used for pumping water, compressing air, and generating electricity. Th e compressed air is stored in three tanks in the engine room's port bulkhead Looking aft alo ng the p ort side, with seas pouring over the rail.
SEA HISTORY 150, SPRING 201 5
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