day of hostilities, U-30 sank the British liner Athenia with major loss of life, including Americans. The actual number of ships destroyed by U-boats was fewer ships than in WWI, but they were larger vessels of greater tonnage, and the loss of life at 32,000 was more than twice as high as the WWI toll. In the interest of fairness, it should be noted that the US Navy waged unrestricted submarine warfare against Japanese shipping throughout the Pacific war. The entire history of undersea warfare was marked by great changes in technology and tactics, both offensive and defensive. The U-boats became larger, faster and longer-ranged and were armed with more sophisticated torpedoes plus advances in underwater sound detection and use of short wave radio. The Allies developed ASDIC (now known as SONAR), HF/DF (High Frequency/Direction Finding), magnetic depth charges, and, most important, the use of radar, both shipborne and airborne. The Allies developed the multiship convoy system; Germany reacted with " wolf packs" of U-boats. This book is a little too technical for the average reader, but is a valuable volume for serious students of modem naval warfare.
A11ailable Septembe1; 1992 limited reprint edition of
J~A~
William Armstrong Fairburn's
MERCHANT SAIL
....
r'Vr'<.'
MARITIME
Origina ll y published 1945-55 rind lhe hes l s ingle reference on Amenc;;n sa iling vessels , wit h lis ts a nd indices, s hipbuild e rs. owners and captai ns, a11d informalion on econo mic and po lilica l C\H1di1io ns, lhis is a work o[ legendary rn rily. Set~ have broughl up to $3500 at a ucti o n .
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LT CMDR HAROLD MCCORMICK
There 's History in the Wind
Hal McCormick is the author of Two Years Behind the Mast, An American Landlubber at Sea in World War II, available from NMHS.
Building the Wooden Walls: The Design and Construction of the 74-Gun Ship Valiant, by Brian Lavery (Naval Institute Press, Annapolis MD, 1991 , 206 pp, illus, drawings, notes, chronology, biblio, index; $29.95hb) Brian Lavery is one of the world's foremost hi storians of naval architecture and, in terms of published books, articles , and other treatises, is the undisputed leader of this field. Building the Wooden Walls logically follows The Ship of the Line (1983), The 74-Gun Ship Bellona (1985), and Nelson's Navy: The Ships, Men and Organization, 1793-1815 (1989), al l exceptional reference volumes that the Naval Institute Press retains in print. Writing from his position as Assistant Curator (Naval Technology) at Historic Chatham Dockyard, Valiant's birthplace, and advisor to the museum 's "Wooden Walls" exhibition, Lavery is uniquely placed to address his ex pertise SEA HISTORY 62, SUMMER 1992
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