First Aid First aid is the immediate treatment given to a patient for any injury before the arrival of an ambulance, doctor or other qualified medical person.
The Primary Survey The purpose is to identify and treat all life threatening injuries and/or conditions in order of priority.
The aims of first aid: To preserve life. To prevent further injury (including to yourself). To limit worsening of the condition. To promote recovery. The three “P” - PRESERVE, PREVENT AND PROMOTE
This survey is known as the “A,S, B, C” Airway - Open and clear Spine - Possibility of spinal injury? Breathing - Breathing present? Circulation - Pulse Present? - Major Bleeding? Examine any other serious injuries? Identification cards, medical alerts, etc?
Responsibilities of the First Aider: Assess the situation Assess the patient Make a diagnosis Provide treatment Quickly ensure medical help has been summoned Remain with the patient and re-assure
The Secondary Survey Systematic “Head to Toe” examination of a patient: - Head, Neck, Shoulders, Chest, Abdomen, Pelvis/lower back, Lower limbs, Upper limbs Monitor Vital Signs: Breathing - Rate, depth, quality Pulse - Rate, rhythm, strength
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