ectomycorrhiza eclosion (Fr. éclosion < éclore, to hatch, prob. < VL. exclaudere, alteration of L. excludere, to hatch, mature, to expel, to throw out): an explosive series of movements that result in the release of a germinating inner spore from a rigid exosporium, as occurs in the ascospores of Hypoxylon fragiforme (Xylariales). eco- (Gr. oîkos > L. oeco-, house or inn): a pref. employed in the formation of compound terms that refer to the environment or the natural habitat to which an organism is related, as in ecology (the branch of science that treats of the interrelations of organisms and their environment) and ecospecies (subdivision of a coenospecies, more or less equivalent to a taxonomic species, capable of undergoing a free interchange of genes among its members without impairing fertility, but less capable of achieving fertile crosses with members of other subdivisions), etc. ecorticate (e, L. particle employed as a pref., e-, implies the idea of the loss of something + L. corticatus, having bark < corticea, des. fem. of corticeus, bark, + suf. -atus > E. -ate, provided with or likeness): without bark. ecotype (Gr. oîkos, house or inn + týpos, type): a part of an ecospecies whose morphological, physiological and other characteristics appear to be genetically determined but influenced by environmental selection and isolation. Some consider an ecotype as a taxonomic subspecies, whereas others do not think that it has important taxonomic significance. ect-, ecto- (Gr. ektós, outside, external): a pref. employed in various compound terms of Gr. origin to allude to something external or that is related to the exterior of another thing, as in ectangial and ectoascus. Equal to exo-. Cf. endo-. ectal (Gr. ektós, outside, external + L. suf. -alis > E. -al, relating to or belonging to): external, the outermost, superficial. Cf. ental. ectangial, ectoangial (Gr. ektós, outside, external + angeîon, vessel, receptacle + L. suf. -alis > E. -al, relating to or belonging to): formed or developed outside of a conceptacle, like the zoospores in the vesicle of Pythium (Peronosporales). Cf. entangial. ectoascus, pl. ectoasci (L. ecto < Gr. ektós, outside, external + L. ascus < Gr. askós, sack, pouch): the outer layer of the ascus wall, which on breaking permits the extension of the endoascus. It is present in fungi of the Loculoascomycetes, such as Sporormiella (=Preussia) australis (Pleosporales). See bitunicate. ectochroic (Gr. ektós, outside, to the exterior + chrõs, color + suf. -íkos > L. -icus > E. -ic, belonging to or relating to): refers to a hypha that has pigmentation on the exterior. Cf. endochroic.
Ectoascus (EC) and endoascus (EN) of a young bitunicate ascus of Sporormiella (=Preussia) australis, x 600 (RTH).
ectocommensal (Gr. ektós, outside, external + L. commensalis, one who shares a table < cum, with + mensa, table + suf. -alis > E. -al, relating to or belonging to): an exterior commensal. See commensal. ectomycorrhiza, pl. ectomycorrhizae (Gr. ektós, outside, external + mýkes, fungus + rhíza, root): a mycorrhiza in which the hyphae of the associated fungus only grow intercellularly, never within the cells of the associated plant; e.g., the symbiosis between Pisolithus tinctorius (Sclerodermatales) and the roots of pine seedlings. Cf. endomycorrhiza.
Ectomycorrhizae of pine roots formed by Pisolithus tinctorius, x 0.6 (MU).
177