June 2017 Page 21 •
Delayed seeding reduced yield and increased protein concentration. But Seeding date had few effects on barley quality.
•
Seeding rate of 300 seeds /m2 (27.7 seeds / Sq. ft.) usually resulted in higher kernel yield with more uniform kernels and lower protein concentration, kernel weight and plumpness than seeding at lower rates.
•
•
Compared to lower seeding rate, 300 seeds /m2 usually showed improved germination, Kolbach index, alpha-amylase, friability modification and friability homogeneity, had no effect on distatic power, and lowered beta-glucon level. Seeding malting barley relatively early at 300 seeds /m2 has potential to optimize both quality and yield plus acceptability for malting grade.
•
Two cycles of treatments were monitored (20092010 and 2010-2011) using dry matter production and nitrogen nutrition index using ion exchange membranes.
•
Mid-Sept. application treatments were clipped in May, July and Sept.; Early June application treatments were clipped in July and Sept.; and Early July summer application treatments were clipped in Sept.
•
•
•
Timothy dominated sward on a clay and a sandy soil received 4 treatments (Control, Dung @ 1.75 kg fresh weight / m2, Diluted urine @ 50 g N / m2 and Urine @ 100 g N / m2) at different times.
Nitrogen uptake by the crop clippings was greater from urine (8-28%) than dung (312%) on both soil types.
•
Applied N was available to timothy for all application times, and being greater from urine than dung.
•
Positive correlation (R2 > 0.61) between nitrogen nutrition index and dry matter yield confirmed the capacity of ion exchange membrane to assess N availability from urine and dung.
(Source: John O’Donovan, et al. 2017. Can. J. Plant Sci., Vol. 97: Pages 10-13)
Nitrogen availability from dairy cow dung and urine applied to forage grasses in eastern Canada
Relative cumulative dry matter yields were Urine > Dilute urine > Dung > Control.
(Source: Gilles Belager, et al. 2015. Can. J. Plant Sci., Vol. 95: Pages 55-65)
Influence of production systems on return and risk from malting barley production in western Canada •
Field trials were done from
2007 to 2009 at 7 locations (Beaverlodge, Brandon, Fairview, Indian Head, Lacombe, Lethbridge, Scott) in western Canada. •
Different stubble type (barley, pea and canola), N rate (50% and 100% of recommended) and fungicide application at flag leaf were compared.
•
Planting barley on pea stubble was more profitable than on canola or barley stubble.
•
Potential to reduce N rate (50%) on pea stubble, but results were not conclusive.
•
Fungicide application increased yield and quality, but benefits and costs were about equal. Fungicide should only be considered when plant disease levels will significantly impact barley yield.
•
Overall, Net return (NR) was higher and risk was lower for malting barley production, when preceding crop was pea, fungicide was applied and N rate was 50%.
•
Priority for malting barley production should be to not plant barley on barley stubble (rotate crops) control leaf diseases when present and apply adequate but not excessive N rate to avoid high protein content.
(Source: E.G. Smith, et al. 2016. Can. J. Plant Sci., Vol. 96: Pages 339-346)