free completeds

AnalysisOfAlternatePossibilitiesAndMoralResponsibilityByHarry G.Frankfurt

HarryGFrankfurtaddressestheconcernofmoralresponsibilityregardingtheactionsofanagentandthenotion offree-willinhisarticleAlternatePossibilitiesandMoralResponsibility.Iwillfirstpresent"theprincipleof alternatepossibilities",asFrankfurtdescribes,andexplainitsrelationtofree-willalongwiththeconceptofmoral responsibility.AfterwardsIwillincorporateFrankfurt'sargumentthat"theprincipleofalternatepossibilities"is falseandexplainhowonecanstill...

TheEthicsOfTheNationalWomen'sHallOfFame

FateisdebatableSomesaythatweareallpawnsinahigherbeing'schessgameOthersbelievethatweexecute freewillineveryaspectofourlives.Mostpeople,however,believeacombinationofthetwo.Itisanageold question,andlikeallintangiblequestionswetryagainandagaintoformulateananswerthroughbooks,movies, conversations,analysisofhistoryandpredictionofthefuture.Welookatsnapshotsofthepastortheoretical worldsandtrytodiscernourownanswers

TheImportanceOfFreeWillInMacbeth

doesFreewillistheabilitytochoose,think,andactvoluntarilyFreewillisconstantlycontested,JohnGreen says,"Philosophersandscientistswhobelievethattheuniverseisindeterministicandthathumanspossessfree willareknownaslibertarians."(MoralResponsibilityPage2)Basedonthedefinitionandagainstfate,whichis thateverythingispredeterminedFreewillconnectstofatebecauseofthedebatebetweenwhethereverythingis predeterminedorifyouhavethefreewill,to...

IndividuationInGeorgeOrwell'sDemian

PythagorasofSamos,aGreekphilosopher,author,andmathematician,oncesaid,"Nooneisfreewhohasnot obtainedtheempireofhimself.Nomanisfreewhocannotcommandhimself"(Riedweg,n.pag).When Pythagorassaysthatnopersonis'freewhohasnotobtainedtheempireofhimself,'hemeansthatnooneisfree fromhisunconsciousuntilheuncoversitandacceptshimself.Byuncoveringone'sunconscious,hecanfreely makegooddecisionsandberesponsibleforhimself.Whenuncoveringhis...

AcomparisonofAugustinianTheodicyandIrenaeanTheodicy

Godhadtoallowthepossibilityofevil,becauseiftherewerenosuchpossibilitymanwouldnotbefreetochoose goodoverevil.IftherewerenoevilandsufferinghumanswouldalwaysfollowGod'slawbecausetherewouldbe nodifficultiesindoingsoTheevilsinthisworldarerequiredbyaGodoflovewhoseeksthedevelopmentofhis freecreaturesfromtheiroriginalinnocenceintofullymaturespiritualbeings.Inotherwords,wehumanbeings learntobemorally

JohnLocke'sInfluenceOnHisEpistemology

seizedbytheLocke'sideas,EdwardsremainedrestivealwayswishingtopushbeyondLockeandwantingmore thanLockegave(Simonson24).AfterbrieflyservingcongregationsinNewYorkandBolton,Connecticut, EdwardsreturnedtoYalewherehecompletedhisMastersofArtsdegreeandbecameseniortutorin1724In 1725,thechurchinNorthamptonchoseEdwardstosucceedhisgrandfather,SolomonStoddard–theso-called "popeoftheConnecticutvalley"Themostnotableeventsofhistenurewere

WhatIsLocusOfControl

can-doattitude.IamgladthatIhavetakenthelocusofcontroltestwhichhasgivenmeavaluablesecond independentopinionaboutmyselfandpersonality.Conclusion:Irecommendthateverybodyshouldtakealocusof controltestItiseasyandfreewhichwillgiveyouavaluableinterestinginsightofyourstrengthsItwillalso revealifyouareapersonwithhighinternallocusofcontrolorapersonwithhighexternallocusofcontrol.

References:Bauer,T,&Erdogan,B(2010)Organizational

RosencratzAndGuildensternInTheFilmInception

anymore,andherequiresscienceandlogictogivehimasenseofsecurity.BothHamletandGuildensternlike puttingefforttoexplaineverything,yetmanythingsarenotexplainableinanyoftheworld,includingthecoexistenceoffate,chance,andfreewill;thereforepeoplelivingindifferentworldsjustneedtoaccepttheimpact comingfromfateandchance,anddowhattheycan.Furthermore,thereisaverygoodchanceinfrontof RosencratzandGuildenstern,sincetheymeettheplayers,whoknow

ThefollowingpaperwasmadewiththepurposeofpresentinganobjectiontoVanInwagen'sargumentwhich statesthatfreewillanddeterminismareincompatible.Firstlet'sstartbygivingVanInwagen'spointofviewabout determinismandfreewillInwagensaysthat"freewillrequirestheabilitytoactotherwisethanwedo" Determinismontheotherhandsaysthat"foreveryinstantoftime,thereisapropositionthatexpressesthestateof theworldatthatinstant"Asaresultouractions

ExampleOfHeroismInBeowulf

whetherBeowulfwillliveordieisunknownthroughouthisepicjourney.Infact,hechoosestotakeonthedragon andendedupovercominghisopponentinthebutprocessdyingmakingTolkien'sinapplicabletothestoryline.In Beowulf,Beowulfexercisesfreewillandtakesonvirtuallyunbeatableopponentsleadingtohisdeath,which contradictsTolkien'sideathatBeowulfispredeterminedtodie,and"engagedinastruggleinwhichhecannot win,"becauseitismorecomplexthanthatinthesensethat

TheStrengthsandWeaknessesofAugustine’sandIreneau's Theodicy

thewaythathecreatedittobeEvilissaidtohavecomefromtheoffspringofAdam,whowasthefirsthumanon earth.AugustinewrotethatSatan,afallenangel,hadtemptedAdamandEvewiththepowerandfreewillofthe earthwhenGodhadcompletedthecreationofit.ThistemptationwasprovedtomuchforAdamandEvewho wantedtohavepowerovertheearth,thiswasoneofthestarterpointsforevilInthebiblethereissaidtohave beenanangelcalled...

MobyDick,Sophie'sWorld,EastofEden

Intoday'ssociety,theissuesoffateandfreewillarehotlydebated,drawinginheateddiscussionsofreligion, chance,andtheextentoffreewill.Whilesomebelievewehaveasignificantamountofcontroloverourlives exercisedthroughfreewillinourchoices,othersbelieveanentirelydifferentpowerisathandincontrollingour lives.Theseissuesoftenfindthemselvesassociatedinliterature,withexamplessuchasJohnSteinbeck'sEastof Eden,HermanMelville'sMobyDick,andJostein...

PerceptionOfNoFreeWillOnCheatingAndLying

TheinfluenceofperceptionofnofreewilloncheatingandlyingincollectivistandindividualistculturesKelly MuldoonTutorial:Wednesday(1)9amTrendsinPersonalityandSocialPsychologyPSYC30022Duedate: Friday26thSeptember,20148amWordcount:1725(notincludingreferences)Thenotionofpeoplehavingafree will,ortheabilitytoconsciouslydetermineonesownactions,toregulateoneself,havecontrolofonesmind,make choicesandliveoneslifethroughunrestricted

ClassicalConditioningVsOperantConditioning

Wewouldliketothinkthatpeoplearefreemindedandhavethechoicetomaketheirowndecisions,andforthe mostpart,peopleare.Nottogetconfusedwithdictatorshiporothermanorsofsocietywherethereisanabsolute rule,themindcanbeconditionedtocontrolone'sbehaviorIntheworldofpsychology,wewouldcallthe approachofchanginghowsomeoneactsthroughconsequencesorrewardsasbehaviormodification(Halper, 2017)Inbehaviormodification,therearegenerallytwo

FateInOedipusTheKing

"Youwerebornforareasonandyouwillreliveuntilthattaskiscompleted,"amotivatoronesaid.Oneincarnates tolearnsomethingheorshehadn'tlearnedinthepreviouslife.Questionsaboutthismaystillremainlikethe following:doesitincludepersonalitytraits?Isonepredestinedtohisorherfate?Whatdetermineswhatournext lifewillbelike?Sophoclesoncesaid,"Fatehasterriblepower.Youcannotescapeitbywealthorwar.Nofortwill keepitout,noshipsoutrunit,"but

ComparingHemingway'sA&P'AndTrifles'

J.K.Rowlingstates,"Itisourchoicesthatshowwhatwetrulyare,farmorethanourabilities."Apersonmayhave thecapabilitytodoextraordinarythingsbutifonedecidestonotusetheirabilities,apersonsimplycannotprove anything.Lifechoicesnotonlydefinewhoyouare,butcandeterminetherestofyourlife.Thetwoshortstories, "HillslikeWhiteElephants"writtenbyErnestHemingwayand"A&P"writtenbyJohnUpdikealongwiththe One-Actplay,"Trifles"writtenbySusanGlaspell

TheComplexityofLifeandDeathin"RosencrantzandGuildenstern areDead"

ThemainthemeofRosencrantzandGuildensternaredeadisthecomplexityoflife,death,andtheeventsthatlead toit.Italsodepictsthetheoryofdeterminismvs.freewill.TheseareverysimilartothethemesseeninHamlet. ThereisacomplementarystructurebetweenRosencrantzandGuildensternaredeadandHamletinthesensethat, theyarewrittenindifferenttimeperiodsandshowdifferentunderstandingonthesubjectathand.In1602,the timewhenHamletwaswritten

Philosophy-FreeWillvs.Determinism

FreeWill-DeterminismThedialoguebetweenphilosophersovertheexistenceoffreewillversustheinevitability ofdeterminismisadebatethatwillalwaysexist.Thediscussioncentersaroundthetruefreedomofhumansto thinkandactaccordingtotheirownjudgmentversustheconceptthathumansareintrinsicallyboundbythe physicallawsoftheuniverse.BeforeIenterthischickenandtheeggdebateIneedtoquantifymyterms:Freewill isdefinedbythegreatphilosopher,StThomasAquinas

GodonTrial

GodOnTrialChristianWorldviewIntegrationDrCarlBSmithIIItsimpossibletoreflectontheoriginsofevil withoutbringinguptheconceptoffreewill.Godcreatedmanwiththisideaofchoice;thechoicetobelieveand obey,orthechoicetodisobey.ItwasthisfreewillthatallowedAdamandEvetofallfromtheirinitialgloryand introduceevilandsufferingintotheworldWecanjustifyalargeamountofsustainedsufferingbyacknowledging thatitactuallybenefitsusandisnot...

EssayonStace'sViewsonFreewill

FreewillThroughtheEyesofStaceIcanmostrelatewithStace'sviewsonfreewillIfeelthatthefreewill argumentismoreaboutdefinitionandtheword'struemeaning.Ialsoagreewithhisstatementof,"ifthereisno freewilltherecanbenomorality"Stacebelievesthatisdoingwhatwewanttodoandnotbeingconstrainedfrom doingso.Moralityisagoodargumentofwhywedowhatwedo.Thenthereistheideathatwehavechoicesand choicesaremadebytheindividualandnotbyoutside...

FreeWillv.DeterminismEssay

DowereallyhaveFreewill?     Thetopicoffreewillvsdeterminismhasalways beensomethingthathasinterestedme.IfollowtheChristianfaithverystronglybutmyviewsonthesubjectvary almostdailyTheconceptoffreewillanddeterminismissomethingthat,asaChristian,IoftenstrugglewithBy nomeansdoIthinkthatIhavealltheanswersorthatIamright.Ibelievethatinordertofindthetruthorwhatis rightyouhavetobewillingtoacceptthat

Qumran:Identity,Spirits,ScienceandDualismEssay

1Thetopicofmyresearchisthecoexistenceanddualismofdeterminismandfreewillor,naturalevilandmoral evil,withinthetextsoftheDeadSeaScrolls.IaminterestedinthissubjectbecauseIwasintriguedbythedebateit sparkedamongscholarsandscientistsalikeWhenappliedtoareligiousbackdropitseemstobeanespecially complicatedpuzzlewhichcan'tbeeasilysolvedrationallyorscientifically.AsIamdeterminedtoknowwhat madeancientpeopletick,thissubjectfalls

AdaminMilton'sParadiseLostEssay

"ParadiseLost":Fate'sRuler-andSubjectAcentralprobleminJohnMilton's"ParadiseLost"inthetheological issueoffreewillversusfate,atraditionallymuch-debatedquestion.Freewillistheconditionofhavingcontrolor directionoverfateordestiny;theindividualshapeshislifeandfuturethroughhisactionsTheopposingview, completelackoffreewill(madefamousbyJohnCalvin),ispredestination,whichexpressestheideathatour futureshavebeenforeseenlongbeforeour

ExistenceofFreeWillExistenceoffreewillisoftenarguedfromintrospection.Freedommeanschoice.SinceI chosetowritethispaperandIcouldhavechosenotherwise,IamfreeinwritingthispaperHowever,toestablish thatIcouldhavechosenotherwise,provingthatIfeltthatIcouldhavechosenotherwiseisnotenough:Onemust alsoprovethatmychoiceistheoriginalcauseofmymotivestowritethispaper.Accordingtocompatibilists,your actionisfreeiftheimmediatecause

Al-Ghazâlî,Causality,andKnowledgeEssay

Al-Ghazâlî,Causality,andKnowledgeABSTRACT:FewpassagesinArabicphilosophyhaveattractedas muchattentionasal-Ghazâlî'sdiscussionofcausalityintheseventeenthdiscussionofTahâfutal-Falsafa, alongwiththeresponseofIbnRushd(Averroës)inhisTahâfutal-TahâfutAquestionoftenaskedistowhat extental-Ghazâlîcanbecalledanoccasionalist;thatis,whetherhefollowsotherKalâmthinkersin restrictingcausalagencytoGodaloneWhathasnotbeenthoroughlyaddressed

OedipusandChristianityEssay

ResponsibilitywasabigdealinthestoryOedipusRex.Eventhoughthegodsknewwhathewasgoingtodo,he stillhadthefreewilltodoso.ThisisquitesimilartothebeliefsoftheChristianreligion.Christiansare accustomedtotheideathatGodisallknowing,yetweashumanshavethegiftoffreewillandthatmakesus responsibleforourownactions.ItseemstobesimilarinthetaleofOedipusRexandinGreekmythologyasa wholeTheideasofthisstorywithintheboundsofGreek

EssayonFreeWill

FreeWillAdefinitionoffreewill,aswehaveseen,canbemisunderstoodandeasilydistorted.Forthepurposeof thisessayfreewill,willbedefinedastheabilitytochose,expressonesfeelings,emotions,oractions unconditionally.FromthefirsttimeIunderstoodthemeaningofwhatfreewillwas,Ibelievedinit100%.Ihad therightandabilitytochoosewhateverIliked.NotonlydidIbelievethatIhadfreewillbutifIeverheard otherwiseIfeltthattheotherperson

FreeWillImagineifyoufoundyourselfinastateofbondagewhereeveryactiondesireandfeelingwasplanned onaninexorableagendathatyoucouldnothelpbutcomplywithAlthoughthisseemslikeadarkandfantastical world,iftheideaofdeterminismisfullyacceptedthanitmaynotbeasdistantasyoumightthink.Theideaof FreeWillisoneofthemosttimelessanddubitablephilosophicalquestionsandisimposabletodisregardTheidea ofFreeWillhasthreeprevailingschoolsof...

TheProblemofEvilEssay

Inhisessay"WhyGodAllowsEvil"Swinburnearguesthattheexistenceofevilintheworldisconsistentwiththe existenceofall-knowing,all-powerfulandall-goodGod.Tostart,Swinburnebaseshisargumentontwobasic typesofevil:moralandnaturalMoralevilencompassesalltheillsresultingfromhumanaction,whether intentionalorthroughnegligence;naturalevilincludedallevilsnotcausedorpermittedbyhumanbeings Whereasmoralevilsuchasabortion,murder,terrorism,ortheft...

EssayonOfNecessityandLiberty

attentioninregardstonecessaryconnectiontowardsthetopics"OfLibertyandNecessity"Althoughthetwo subjectsmaybeoneofthemostarguablequestionsinphilosophy,Humesuggeststhatthedifficultiesand controversiessurroundingliberty(iefreewill)andnecessity(iecausaldeterminism)aresimplyamatterofthe disputantsnothavingproperlydefinedtheirterms.Heassertsthatallpeople,"bothlearnedand...

TheProblemofEvilA)Forwhatreasonsmaysufferingcreatephilosophicalproblemsforareligiousbeliever?

(10)B)Outlinetwosolutionstotheseproblemsandcommentontheirsuccess(10)A)Theproblemofsuffering hasbeenaroundsincethedawnoftime,orasreligiousphilosophersbelieve;sinceAdamandEvefirstsinnedin theGardenofEden.ThefirstproblemthatarisesfromevilisthatwebelievethattheGodofclassicaltheismhas certainattributes

TheNecessityofAutonomy(FreeWill)inSocietyEssays

TheNecessityofAutonomy(FreeWill)inSocietyÂÂÂÂÂ"Humannatureisnotamachinetobebuiltaftera model,andsettodoexactlytheworkprescribedforit,butatree,whichrequirestogrowanddevelopitselfonall sides,accordingtothetendencyoftheinwardforceswhichmakeitalivingthing"JohnStuartMillexplicitly describesthenecessityofautonomyorfreewillinsocietytoinsurethehappinessofall.Fromthisperspectiveone canrecognizethatautonomyshouldnotonly

ChanceinPhilosophyEssay

andthingsdonotseemtobechancetohimbecausehemayforeseetheiroccurrence.ItisimpliedthatGodcreated theworldandtheorderthatitstandsin,andthatheknowseverythingthatwilleverhappentousSo,howisit, then,thatwehavefreewillifGodalreadyknowswhatwillhappentous?Doeshechooseourdestiny,ordowe shapeitourselves?IbelievethatwhileGodmayknowourdestinies,wedoshapethemourselves.Itispossiblefor Godtoknowourdestiniesbecausehe"knows"

AquinasFifthWayofprovingtheexistenceofGodQuestion:     Briefly summarizeAquinas'FifthWayofprovingtheexistenceofGodWhatcounter-argumentdoesHumeciteinanswer tothisargumentfromDesign?WhatisJohnHick'sanswertoHume'sargumentfromEvil?Isheright?Thomas AquinastheorizedfivedifferentlogicalargumentstoprovetheexistenceofGodutilizingscientifichypothesesand basicassumptionsofnature.Inthefifthofhisfamous"FiveWays",...

ZoraNealeHurston'sTheirEyesWereWatchingGodEssay

TheirEyesWereWatchingGodÂÂÂÂÂ"'…butshedon'tseemtomindatallReckondeyunderstandone 'nother.'"Awoman'ssearchforherownfreewilltoescapethechainsofotherpeopleinZoraNealeHurston's TheirEyesWereWatchingGodInthecontinuingphilosophicaldebateoffreewillversusdeterminism,the questionarisesastowhetherornotfreewillexistsDopeoplereallyhavethecapabilityofmakingdecisionson theirown?ORIslifealreadydetermined,andwhateverwedois(and...

realismcamenaturalism,aformofwritingsimilartorealism,butwithmorepessimismOneofthereasonsforthis pessimismstemsfromfreewillandthequestionofwhetherpeoplepossessitornot.Inrealism,itisdefinitelytrue, whileinnaturalismitseemslessso,buttheoptionsareoftenlessthanidealBecausechoicesdoexistfor characters,freewillisstillthere,whichindicatesthatnaturalismisaderivativeformofrealism.InStephenCrane's "Maggie:AGirloftheStreets...

EssayStephenCrane’s"Maggie:AGirloftheStreets"

againstthewillofGod?ÂYetsurelywecannothaveitbothways.ÂThewoman'sdeathandthewoman's recoverycannotequallybethewillofGodinthesamesenseofbeinghisintention"(9)ÂWeatherheadclaimsthat itisbytheillsofevil,humans'freechoice,massignorance,anddisorganizationthatadversitiesfalluponus,not bythedirectwillofGod.ÂItisafterwehavecausedthisadversitythatGodtriestotranscendit.ÂThishelabels circumstantialwillÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂCircumstantial

Jean-PaulSartre’sPhilosophy:RadicalFreedomand Responsibility

ThisiswhatImeanwhenIsaythatmaniscondemnedtobefree"(Sartre32).Radicalfreedomandresponsibility isthecentralnotionofJean-PaulSartre'sphilosophyHowever,Sartrehimselfraisesobjectionsabouthis philosophy,butheovercomestheseobviousobjections.InthispaperIwillarguethatmancreatestheirown essencethroughtheirchoicesandthatourvaluesandchoicesareimportantbecausetheyallowmantobefreeand createtheirownexistence.Iwillfirstdothisbyexplaining...

OutlineontheFreeWillArgumentEssay

TheFreeWillArgument(ThereisFreeChoice)IIntroductionaAttentionGatherer:Nothingiscompletely random,andeverythingisdetermined,asthedeterministwouldsay,butashumans,thereissuchathingasself determinism.Eachactionhasacause,itisnotrandom,anditisrational,butitisalsoachoice.Eachindividualcan choosetodoamultitudeofthings,andthustheactionsarefree,andtheyarenotwhollypredictable,buttheyare notwhollyunpredictableeither...

ResponsibilitesofaCatholicCitizenEssay

neededtochangethelivesofmanypeoplethroughouttheworldBeingaCatholicCitizenintoday'sfreesociety, wehavemanyresponsibilities.Somebeing:tomakeknowntotheworldofhowpreciousGod'sgiftoflifetous reallyis,tospreadthefaith,andtodonatenotonlymoneybutalsotheretimetothoseinneedGodgaveus preciouslifeandfreewill,butmeantforustouseourfreewilltoprotectHispreciousgift,notdestroyit.In today'ssociety,therearetoomanychoices.Abortions...

TheReligiousBeliever'sExplanationfortheExistenceofEviland SufferingintheWorld

seenascreatingaworldthatisperfectlygoodandfreefromdefectHesaidthatthiswasclearlyoutlinedinG1:31 whereitsays"Godsawwhathehadmadeanditwasverygood."Hebelievedthatevilitselfisnotathingor substancethereforeGoddidnotcreateitAugustinearguethat"evilwasthegoingwrongofsomethinggoodand asaresultAugustinetermedevilasa"privationofagood"thatdidnotcomefromGodbutentitieswithfreewill suchasangelsandhumanswhowerewillingto

FreeWillDeterminismEssay

throughoutthedayaremadewithoutmuchthoughtWeareeven,quiteoften,unawarethatwearemaking decisionsduetohabituationandpreference.Beforegoingfurther,wemustdefinethetermsfreewill,determinism andfateordestinyFreewillistheabilitytochooseFurthermore,itisthepowerofmakingfreechoicesthatare

BeingHumanEssay

Thereareseveralspeciespecificqualitiesthatdifferentiatehumansfromanyothercreature,butwiththatbeing said,humansareoftencomparedandcontrastedwithanimalsandmachinesSomeofthesespecificqualitiesare theabilitytointerpret,freewill,andtheuseoflanguage,butwhatdoesitreallymeantobehuman?Everything createdhasspeciespecificqualities.Humanbeingsarecloselylinkedtoanimalsbecauseofthesimilaritiesof thesespeciespecificqualities,butthesealone

WhatIsaReactiveAttitude?WhatBearingDoesItHaveonthe ProblemofFreeWill?

Whatisareactiveattitude?Whatbearingdoesithaveontheproblemoffreewill?Atheorythathasattackedthe validityofdiscussionsonfreedominmodernphilosophyisdeterminismInthesediscussions,questionshave arisenastohowthetruthorfalsityofthistheoryshouldaffectourlives.InthisessayIwilldiscusstheformal implications,illustratedbyPeterStrawson,thatcomeaboutfromthisThiswillmeandiscussionofourreactive attitudeson:ourmoralconsiderationsandon...

contrastedwithconstraintinsteadofnecessityUltimately,Humeclaimsthatlibertydoesnotdependonactions beingdisconnectedfromtheirmotives,andthatitmeansthatactionsdependondeterminationsofthewill.Hume defendshispositiononfreewillbyinsinuatingthatanyoppositiontoithasmaterializedfromthefalsesupposition thatonecanperceivenecessaryconnectionsinnature.Hesaysthatinferencesinregardtohumannaturearebased solelyontheobservationofwhathecalls

KantandCausalLawinPureReason

Kant,andCausalLawIntroductionInthecritiqueofpurereason,Kantstates,"Allalternationsoccurin accordancewiththelawoftheconnectionofcauseandeffect."1Thisstatementisinterpretedintwodifferent ways:weakreadingsandstrongreadingsWeakerreadingsbasicallysuggestthatKant'sstatementonlyrefersto "Alleventshaveacause";however,thestrongreadingssuggestthat"theSecondAnalogyiscommittednotjustto causes,buttocausallawsaswell"2Tounderstandthe

ConfessionsByAugustineOfHippo

ofevil.Inhisautobiography,AugustinearguesthatChristianitypossessesthemostcompellinganswertothe originofevil,andshowsthatChristianity'sdefinitionevilistheextentthatapersonhasstrayedawayfromGod Hearguesthathumanfreewillleadstosinwhenapersonpursuesworldlydesiresinsteadofdedicatingtheirlives toGod,whichinturncausesthemtobelabelledasevil.Theauthorsuccessfullyarguesthroughaseriesofevents thatportrayAugustine'sdecisionstocommit

Compatibilismvs.Imcompatibilism:IsThereReallyFreeWill

CompatibilistsandIncompatibilistsdebatedeterminismandfreewillDeterminismistheideathatouractionsare determinedbypastevents.Inotherwords,inourpresentstatewedonothavecontroloverouractionsandtheyare pre-determinedOnlyonethingcanhappengivenacertainconditionandnothingelsecanoccurDeterminism seemstoposeaproblembecauseitteststhepossibilitythatwedonothavefreewillorcontroloverouractions becausewithcertainconditionstherecanonly

GodIsNotTheCreatorOfEvil

Evilexistsintheworldbecauseofman'spoorchoicesnotbecauseGodcreateditthatway.GodmademaninHis imageandgavemantheabilitytochoosebetweengoodandevil.HedidnotwanttoforceustoloveHimhowever manchosetodisobeyGodandasaresultevilenteredtheworldGenesis1:27KJV"SoGodcreatedmaninhis ownimage,intheimageofGodcreatedhehim;maleandfemalecreatedhethem.""Thephrase"Theproblemof evil"isalabelofsuchproblemsinvolvingbothGodand

TheNatureAndExistenceOfGod

TheexistenceofsufferingintheworldprovidesacaseagainsttheexistenceofGodastheproblemofevil.It seemsthattheGodofclassicaltheismisincompatiblewiththerealityoftheworldaroundus;couldsuchanallloving,all-powerfulandall-knowingGodexistsinconjunctionwithinstancesofimmenseandseeminglypointless suffering?ItdoesseemunlikelythatsuchaGodexistsalongsideevil.However,itisquestionablewhetherthisisa proofthatGoddoesnotexistTheproblemof

selectsindividualstoredemption,therearetwodifferencesastothefoundationofelectionConditionalelectionis theideathatGodchooseindividualsforredemptioncenteredonHisomniscienceofwhowanttoplacetheirbelief inJesus.Thefreewillofmanplaysintothescopeofeternity.HistoricalViewOrigenwasoneoftheoriginalto believethatpredestinationandwillofmanplaysanimportantroleinthedoctrineofelection

Evil:EvilAndEvil

Ifwearelivinginaworldthatwascreatedbyaperfectbeing,whyarethereimperfectaspects?Ifthisultimate beingorcreator(IwillsayGodforpurposeofthispaper)isfundamentallygoodandmoral,andisevenunableto createevil,thenhowdidevilcometobeinthelifeweareliving?Accordingtotheproblemofevil,ifthereisa God,thereisnoevilButbecausethereisevilintheworld,theconclusioncanbedrawnthatthereisnoGod (Sober)Atfirstglance,thisargumentis

ConceptionofFreeWillandtheConceptofaPerson

conceptionoffreewillandtheconceptofaperson.Sartre'smainpointisonexistentialism,thefundamentalsof freedomandtheresponsibilitiesofouremotionsanddesiresFrankfurtfocusesonthefirstorderandsecondorder desires.Identifyingwithadesireandexternalizingthemandtakingastanceasanagent,aswellas,theimportance ofmoralityandselfinterestJean-PaulSartreisaphilosopherwhoarguesabouttheconceptionoffreewillIn ordertoestablishtheexistenceoffreewill...

somethingelse?Wewon'tbeabletohavearesponsetothatquestionuntilwehaveanotionofhappinessWhen readingthisquote,Iconnectedittoafewphilosophicalideas.ThefirstconnectionImadetowashedonismthen epicureanism,stoicism,freewillandexistentialismThequotemademequestion,arewetrulyhappyordowe adapttoourlifeandthinkwearehappy.Therearetwoaccountsofhappiness:hedonismandlifesatisfaction theoryLifesatisfactiontheoristsuggestthatalthough

FreeWillandLibertanianismView

Whetherornothumanshavefreewillisaverypopularquestion.Thisisbecauseeveryonewantstoknowifthe decisionstheymakearetrulytheirsoriftheirdecisionsmatteratall.Ifeverythingispredeterminedthenwhatyou choosewouldn'tmatterbecauseitwouldbeboundtohappenregardlessofifyouchoseitornotWithoutfreewill manypeoplebelievethatlifewouldhavelessmeaningtoit.Withfreewillcomespowerandimportance.Having theabilitytochoosewhatwillhappengives

WhatisPredestination?

Christendomhistory,therehavebeenwidedivisionsregardingthedeterminingagentofhumantemporalfateand hiseventualdestinyWhilesomeChristiansholdontotheassertionthatScripturestestifyofman'spossessionof freewill,asignificantnumberassertthatmanhasnoclaimtofreewill.Thelattergroupstandsforpredestination. AmongthisgroupareJohnCalvinandMartinLuther.Thesetwoprotestantreformersdevelopedconstitutedtwo differenttheoriesofpredestinationWhileCalvincomposed

whobelievethatwehavenofreewill,thatthereisnofreeactionsareknownasaharddeterministsInother words,harddeterminismisthedoctrinethattherearenofreeactionsTothem,everythingiscasuallydetermined andnooneactsfreely.Theharddeterministdoesnotdenythatitseemsthatwehavefreewill.Whattheydenyis thatthewaythingsseemsisthewaytheyareNothingcouldeverbeanyotherwaythanthewayitisChoicesdo notexist,freewilldoesnotexist,andrandomness...

TheTrueFreedomOfFreeWill

philosophicaltheoriesarisethatgivesusalternativestothesepreconceptionsFreedom,specificallyfreewill,is usuallytheonethingwebelievewehave.Eventhoughthereareobviousfactorsaffectingus,ourfreewill,or freedom,iswhatwethinkwetrulypossessFreewillisdefined,forthesepurposes,astheabilitytoactonyour secondorderdesiresIfweareabletoact"otherwise"wehavefreewillItiswhenthisabilityistakenawaythat weloose...

BiographyOfBaruchSpinoza'sTheoryOfHumanEmotions,AndThe HumanNature

Attheageof20,BaruchSpinozawasbannedfromtheSynagog,andfromAmsterdamforhisradicalbelievesHis masterpiece,TheEthics,canbasicallybeconsideredashisguideforhumanstoachieveabsolutetranquility.His purposeispsychotherapy.Itishisdirectorytolivingtherightwayandbeinghappyandcontent.Hebelievesthat inordertodoso,onemusttrulyunderstandthenatureoftwomajorphenomenasHe,bybreakinghisbookinto fivedifferentparts,explainsthetrueandabsolute...

UnderstandingOfFreeWillAndGod'sOmniscience

GreatTheologianPaperConsolationsofPhilosophyPrompt:AnalyzeBoethius'sunderstandingoffreewilland God'somniscienceasfoundintheConsolationofPhilosophy.(4-6Pages)Theideaofhumanwillhastakenover ChristiansforcenturiesBoethiusthetheologianofferstwodifferentideasinthebookConsolationsofPhilosophy, theunderstandingofdivineforeknowledgeandfreewill.Boethiusexplains"Thereseemstobeahopelessconflict betweendivineforeknowledgeofallthingsandfreedom...