Nagri | 3rd Edition

GLOBAL CITIES

nagri October 2019 I 3rd Edition

Illustration by Khushi Patel BUD, 3rd Semester

“Debates and discussions on the positive & negative aspects of the emerging trend of Global cities in the Global South�

ABOUT PRAMEYA ‘PRAMEYA’, is organised by the student body of Faculty of Planning, CEPT University every academic year. Prameya as understood in Sanskrit means ‘a hypothesis’, loosely translating to a possibility. The event is organised in tandem with the World Habitat Day to encourage discussions about various possibilities in understanding human settlements and its environs.

challenges like, sustainability, housing crisis, reseilience, smart cities, and many more.

Prameya 2019 aims to trigger debates and arise questions about the ‘smart’ and ‘global’ development in developing countries like India. Hence, the discussion throughout the event revolves around the future of urbanism in India, aiming to include experts from the fields of urban design, housing, environment, finance, infrastructure, planning and transport.

Prameya 2019 is being celebrated on 19th and 20th of October, 2019. The World Habitat Day theme, ‘Frontier The theme for Prameya 2019 is ‘Global Cities’.

Globalisation is a process of global economic, political & cultural interaction and integration.

In developing countries like India, globalisation triggers a debate around the prominent

technologies as an innovative tool to transform Waste to Wealth’ will be appreciated through events that will aim to raise awareness towards sustainable living and the re-use of waste material.

DEAN’S NOTE Prameya is an annual event organized by the student council of Faculty of Planning, CEPT University and celebrated in tandem with the United Nations’ World Habitat Day. This years’ Prameya theme on Global Cities resonates with the theme of World Habitat Day Frontier technologies as an innovative tool to transform Waste to Wealth by deliberating on the larger context of multi-faceted resource challenges faced by ‘Global Cities’.

The etymology of Global, faithful to its definitive stance has seeped into the field of Urban Planning with various predefined ideas. To be ‘Global’, if interpreted by popular discourse, primarily situates its parameters in achievements that may not be necessarily inherent to the local context within which it is situated. Concerned with predetermined principles of ‘global character’ most urban cities strive to set themselves in a picturesque future that tears them apart from their inherent character. This juxtaposed ideology of planning Indian cities often isolates the urbane and compares it to another world class city whose prescribed standards as well as context are at great disparity. While learning from the international experiences, it is important for an urban planner to include the sociocultural fabric, geographic characteristics and

institutional environment and create locally best suited ‘global’ character. This year in Premeya, we will see invited experts, professionals, teachers and students deliberate on multifaceted urban challenges like uncontrolled and haphazard development, inadequately provided and inappropriately designed public places, insufficient and inefficient transport systems, dwindling water resources and increasing waste and sanitation challenges, housing needs for the poor faced by fast growing urban centers aspiring to become cities with smart and global character.

“Solutions begin with small steps individuals can take to alter the way our cities function….”

— UN Secretary-General António Guterres Echoing the UN spirit of International days as the occasions to educate the public on issues of concern and to celebrate and reinforce achievements of humanity, students would indulge in design and planning activities and debates to arrive at locally relevant pathways for aspiring Global Cities.

Mona Iyer Professor & Acting Dean Faculty Of Planning, CEPT University.

CO-ORDINATOR

Celebrating ‘PRAMEYA’ at Faculty of Planning, CEPT University has become an annual event and this year is scheduled for 19th & 20th October. The event to mark the World Habitat Day is celebrated with a lot of enthusiasm and zeal by the students at Faculty of Planning. The students of have organized an interesting two days programme compromising of academic events, special lectures, exhibitions of their work ,sports and some fun events. The ‘PRAMEYA Committee’ has worked very hard, spend some sleepless nights to get the confirmation from the speakers, organize the logistics and make

the programme a success. I am happy to say that the schedule looks very promising and has events that will trigger the debate about ‘smart’ and ‘global ’cities.

My good wishes to all for a great ‘PRAMAYA’ and an enjoyable learning process.

Madhu Bharti Professor & Co-ordinator PRAMEYA. Faculty Of Planning, CEPT University.

IN THIS ISSUE 08-37 39-41 44-72

Part 1 Essays Part 2 Student Achievments Part 3 Student Works

COVER THEME “The theme for magazine is “Global Cities” in sync with the theme of Prameya 2019. We desire to debate and discuss the positive as well as negative aspects of the emerging trend of creating Global cities in the Global South.”

The trends in urban development have long been evolving with the changes in the technological and socio-political trends. Only a few decades back, the form of development in cities was restricted to the regional or provincial demands; however, with rapid advancements such as the technological revolution and globalisation, the concept of global cities gained popularity.

Soon, “development” became synonymous with high-rise towers with glass facades, and hi-tech infrastructural provisions. Cities such as Hong Kong, Shanghai, Tokyo, and Dubai became models of “global cities” reflecting the superior economic growth in the region. Indian cities too came under the influence of such trends, Mumbai, Bangalore, Gurgaon and, more recently, GIFT City being prime examples. Such development has been praised by most scholars as well as citizens; some scholars, however, point to the adverse effects of global cities on the socio-economic structure of the neighbouring regions and raises some burning questions.

Aspiration of global cities comes with a cost, who is going to pay that cost? Will they become a burden on taxpayers?

Will the native or traditional form of cities survive? Aren’t they going to lose their identity?

Are these concepts of global cities applicable in India? Shouldn’t the focus be more on providing basic amenities (24X7 water supply, ensuring hygienic conditions, public amenities, etc.), to every citizen possible?

Will other smaller towns & villages thrive on these cities or gets overshadowed and neglected by the government?

Are we ever going to achieve equity in development?

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THIRD WORLD MEGACITIES

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WILL THE NATIVE OR TRADITIONAL FORM OF CITIES SURVIVE?

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IS AFFORDABLE HOUSING REALLY AFFORDABLE?

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WHOSE CITY IS IT ANYWAY?

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TEA-RIFFIC

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THE HOUSE OF MIRRORS: ARCHITECTURE CULTURES IN A MAZE OF ASIAN HISTORIE

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WHAT THE SMART CITY MISSION IN INDIA MISSING UPON?

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GLOBAL CITIES: A CLUSTERED NETWORK OF CITIES

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‘Global Cities’ Under Capitalist Expansion & Democratization

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WARMTH IN THE SHADES :JAISALMER

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Opinion: Land Use Management for META Cities in India

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the MISSING MIDDLE?

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Public Transport and its Behavioral ASPECTS

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GLOBAL CITIES ARE MISNOMER

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DWELLING IN ASIAN CITIES

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GLOBAL CITIES AND THE MARKETPLACE LANGUAGES

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LEAVING NO ONE BEHIND

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THE LAST RIVER

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ODE TO THE NEARBY STREAM

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GLOBAL WARMING

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“THIRD WORLD MEGACITIES”

(*Ananya Roy,2009)

ELIKA SHINGHO, Master in Urban Planning, 3rd Semester “The people who were in the position of power assumed the conclusion of all impending issues in a ‘perfect world’ which they would conceive and put into action themselves- but such a world could not and cannot exist, as it rejects the reality within which it tries to conform itself. “ The Sequence of Order: The idea of setting order to every conundrum that arises in the city’s context does not extend beyond the paper that charts the plan of any planner, social structures are more complex than a mere problem solving exercise that can be simply achieved or corrected through restructuring or even reimagining the city. The conception of a city without issues and disputes is a deceptive after-thought that various professionals of countless disciplines succumb to, it’s a falsehood that is required to be left behind for any constructive engineering of the city. There will never be a city without a social, psychological, political (etcetera) structure that is not in constant state of crisis and/ or flux; but there will be various models that are envisaged to try to bring them to a harmonious pact if not systematic arrangement.

Problematizing Planning That which is unplanned is an outcome of planning. (Ananya Roy, 2009)

Metropolises in India today are complex structures, deconstructing the identity and composition of their domain is close to impossible. Inconceivable by thought as well as action the city is an entanglement of several complications that co-exist with one anothersometimes in harmony and more often times in calculated hegemony of one section of society over another. Exercising control entwines itself

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as a habit within all parts of the community, contestations to the urban spatial planes of the city are not operated only on the basis of class section- since there does not exist just a singular overall hierarchy, but several interconnected and inter-dependent hierarchies within the chaotic order that meets the eye.

The dominant here entails members of the state and the elitist group who emerge with their tight stronghold on society.

The ‘correct perception’ of society was thus permitted to prevail with the attendance of this rising bourgeois class, insistence of the elitist group to shape the community in an orderly manner led to the triumph of the formation of the planning structure that exists today. Society became an object that the state managed and transform with a view toward perfecting it.

The people who were in the position of power assumed the conclusion of all impending issues in a ‘perfect world’ which they would conceive and put into action themselvesbut such a world could not and cannot exist, as it rejects the reality within which it tries to conform itself. The failure of all social engineering schemes that set the elite class on a pedestal could not pull them down- this shade of authoritarian high modernism at home fixed the authority as well as responsibility of planning the city in the hands of the technocrat,

bureaucrat, etcetera and the common man was excluded from the scenario altogether.

Understanding That Which Is Inherent It is paramount to understand that globally established standards may help to introduce a design or a method to plan a city, but can in no way help to formulate it completely- its completion can lie only in the comprehension

of the perception of those who occupy and therefore create it. The planner in this organic construction of the realm can only set order to the chaos that dwells within it and this settlement is not permanent pact, compliance is only temporary till the time another issue surfaces. The soul of an Indian city is manifest in its people, the cycle of its work and the timelessness of its attitude.

Above: ‘https://instagram.com/zahidali619?igshid=1o51waxap3g4n

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WILL THE NATIVE OR TRADITIONAL FORM OF CITIES SURVIVE?

ES KRISHNA RAM, PADMADIP JOSHI, NICMAR Pune “The traditional form of cities is an identity which separates and defines their existence among the others. With the rapid urbanisation, the need for better infrastructure and standard of living are of essential importance at the cost of the environment as well as the form of the cities.”

When was the last time you roamed through a city and felt that you were taken back in time to an era dominated by regional architectural beauties, well designed and aesthetic buildings co-existing so beautifully with nature which makes you wonder in awe? The fact of the matter is most Indian cities had such a past until not so long ago when the need for socalled modernisation set in. Now our cities have lost their old glory, they have become concrete jungles, urban nightmares without a shade of green in sight which will give you a second thought about taking your next breath.

If you think that our native and traditional form of cities are going to survive without losing their identity, I’m sorry to break the reality, they won’t. We will be paying the price for the effect of compounding, the increasing population, increased resource consumption, and even human greed for that matter along with an even higher degree of pollution in various forms. Our cities are not designed to handle all these in their current form.

But it need not necessarily be like that, but we have to take action. One must not look elsewhere to find a solution to these modern problems as Winston Churchill once said “the

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further you look back into the past the further you can see into the future” one just needs to see how our cities once were and re-enact them for the modern world.

The traditional form of cities is an identity which separates and defines their existence among the others. With the rapid urbanisation, the need for better infrastructure and standard of living are of essential importance at the cost of the environment as well as the form of the cities. Just imagine a city without its long-known identity and cultural diversity. The city needs to feel the essence of its cultural and traditional forms, one needs to understand what stories this traditional form of the city must tell the people?

Survival of existence is not an option, it’s the mere requirement of human civilization, so for the native form of cities. Ancient history, its philosophy, way of living, architectural forms are to be studied and need to be incorporated in building modern infrastructure. Learnings and preservation is a step forward to save the traditional form of cities. The governing bodies need to come up with development plans which include the sense of connectivity with cities tradition and integrate society in relation to the city is necessary. India cities and forms are

diversified in its traditional architectural form, land use distribution. It embraces the essence of the city to growing urbanization.

It should be our desire to transform

the city into a modern form from its traditional essence. If we want to improve the life and essence of the city, we must restore and revive the city to its original form to recreate a traditional form of the city.

IS AFFORDABLE HOUSING REALLY AFFORDABLE?

VAIBHAV GUPTA, Master in Urban Housing, 3rd Semester “It is time to understand that affordability doesn’t mean only the cost of buying a home but it should also account for the affordable commute from work to home, proximity to social infrastructure, and operation and maintenance cost of the house as well.”

Globally rapid urbanizations and population growth have been raising a greater concern for the housing affordability. As the cities are globalizing, it is presenting an incredible opportunity in the development of the local economies. People are getting attracted to the opportunity magnets which are the Urban centres, for better and sustainable livelihood.

There remains a greater challenge around the globe for the cities to accommodate the issues of households who are seeking housing adjustment but are unable to because of the housing unaffordability. These are the households which want to upgrade to a step ahead in the housing ladder and to strengthen their livelihood assets.

According to UN figures, only 13% of the world’s cities have affordable housing (UN HABITAT, 2016). In 2014, McKinsey estimated that 330 million urban households were living in substandard housing or were financially stretched by housing costs (McKinsey Global Institute, 2014). This is projected to rise to

nearly 440 million households, or 1.6 billion people, by 2025 – and 2.5 billion people by 2050. As per the Census of India, the housing shortage in urban India is as high as 18.78 million.

In India, there have been numerous policy interventions taken up by the government post-independence ranging from playing a role as a provider to as an enabler. Ahmedabad is the first and the only city to designate a separate zone in its Development Plan as an Affordable Housing Zone (Residential Affordable Housing Zone), with certain exemptions in terms of extra FSI, density norms, easy administrative processes, and other bye-laws related exemptions to attract more private players and look it as a greater opportunity.

But there is a second aspect of this story as well. In the Indian market scenario, looking from the demand side perspective, it is difficult for an individual from the lower or a middle-income group to buy an affordable house in the city centre or the CBD areas,

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which are the potential job centres and thus these people are forced to live in the outskirts of the city and commute for work. Similarly, there is a supply-side constraint to this as well – getting land in the core city area is not cheap for the developers and thus impacts the supply of affordable houses. Here comes the role of government to act as an enabler and regulate the policies to balance the supply and demand curve.

The extent of affordable housing varies from city to city globally. This has resulted in every city defining affordability in their own way. It is time to understand that affordability doesn’t mean only the cost of buying a home but it should also account for the affordable commute from work to home, proximity to social infrastructure, and operation and maintenance cost of the house as well. For example, if a house is affordable to one but it is far away from the city with a lack of amenities,

social infrastructure, schools or workplace, it could not be considered an affordable house, in a way it is adding an additional expenditure in the other than housing expenses of the family.

UN-HABITAT defines affordable housing as “housing which is adequate in quality and location and does not cost so much that it prohibits its occupants from meeting other basic living costs or threatens their enjoyment of basic human rights” (UN-HABITAT, 2011).

The issue of affordability has to be looked at from the bifocal lens, the challenges of affordability require not just the short term resolutions but also to look into the long term strategies and thus it raises the question “Are Affordable Housing Affordable”?

WHOSE CITY IS IT ANYWAY?

BENJAMIN MATHEWS JOHN, Research Associate, NIUA “The global cities of the global south have increasingly become places of wealth creation at the cost of their natural resources.

There also seems to be an increasing lack of ownership or association with the city by its citizens and one needs to study these emergent new forms of citizenry.”

Saskia Sassen in her seminal work titled “Global Cities: New York, London, Tokyo”, articulates that global cities are command centres for the world’s economy. In the book she also discusses the blurring of boundaries between cities due to the geographical dispersion of economic activity and the simultaneous integration. The most important point she makes in the book is that global cities are like centralised firms

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controlling, managing and outsourcing complex processes. Hence production shifts to key sites in the global south and they become specialized service firms. Specialized service firms are subject to agglomeration of economies since these are a mix of talents, firms and expertise from a broad range of specialized fields. This basically meant that Apple could design their I-Phone in California, assemble it in Shenzhen

and ship it to their stores all over the world.

A major factor for global cities to outsource functions to lower order cities located in the global south is the availability of cheap labourforce.

India experienced this phenomenon of globalisation in the early 1990’s after the liberalisation of the economy and the flow of FDI into the country. This signalled the start of setting up of global firms in cities such as Bengaluru, Pune, Hyderabad, Gurgaon, Noida etc. 20 years post liberalisation, it is noteworthy that many of these Indian cities have experienced rapid growth- in terms of demographics, economy and spatial extents.

A number of studies have also shown that globalisation has manifested itself in an exploitative manner within the cities of the global south. Examples of this include inhuman working hours and altering of human body clocks to suit office hours of western cities.

Natural resource extraction of African countries like Ivory Coast for their cocoa beans in order to produce high quality chocolate by chocolatiers in Belgium. And large scale growing of water intensive avocado in Mexico (a water scarce country now!) for the avocado and toast loving

Americans. The global cities of the global south have increasingly become places of wealth creation at the cost of their natural resources.

There also seems to be an increasing lack of ownership or association with the city by its citizens and one needs to study these emergent new forms of citizenry. I thus ask the question Whose City is it Anyway? Is it for the consumers and the providers, or for the exploiters and the exploited? On unpacking global cities in the global south it is evident they are full of dualities and disparities, reflective of the socioeconomic differentials that exist across urban geographies.

On analysing governance structures of many of these global cities of the global south, there emerges a “New Fragmented State”. A state which talks about decentralisation but is still largely centralised, which talks about ICT but is still struggling to create a liveable city.

What seems to be emerging is an Uberisation of the state as well as its services and of course the uberised citizen. The future of the Global City thus hinges on “How we regulate platforms and platform operators with the lenses of equity such that we are not over exploiting citizens and resources of the global south”.

TEA-RIFFIC

ANINDITA GHOSH, Doctoral Student, CEPT “The man on the road who remains shirtless throughout the year except for the winters was also taking his tea on the stairs and feeding the dogs with Parle-G biscuits. In the same space some people wanted to be served in their cars on the roadside and not on the apparently dirty staircase near the tea stall.”

It was around 2am and I positioned myself from where I could keep an eye on the street, as well as on the tea stall. For many students nights appear to be dull and delusive without this special elaichi tea for ten rupees. Tea stalls near colleges are supposedly legendary,

especially if they are open till midnight. Hemal Bhai’s tea stall is one such spot to which the student community has developed a sense of belonging. Tea is something which is always in demand. Providing people with tea at midnight makes Hemal Bhai happy. “We serve the best

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tea in the city”, he claimed. He narrated to me how he had not seen the world, but had seen all kinds of people from different cities staying in Ahmedabad. Known faces from the University parked themselves, smoking and drinking tea engrossed in their heated arguments on Kashmir-issue to the latest trends of coldshoulder tops. I casually tried to acquaint myself with them and engage in their conversations only to realize that this space have allowed a certain degree of comfort for the students.

A man came over with a damp rag to wipe the staircase on which I was sitting, expecting some money. The man on the road who remains shirtless throughout the year except for the winters was also taking his tea on the stairs and feeding the dogs with Parle-G biscuits. In the same space some people wanted to be served in their cars on the roadside and not on the apparently dirty staircase near the tea stall. Sometime later a group of men came

to have tea on their bikes chanting slogans in favor of their dear politician and then came a late-night-movie-crowd. I noticed that the students were struggling to accept them and were feeling uncomfortable in their presence.

These students, perhaps could not come out of their own metrics of the tea stall.

Observing this stall affecting people, organizing people and being with the people was engaging indeed. There were many kinds of imaginations holding the space in tension, but not trying to resolve them. All these groups were in their own social spaces and were not disturbing each other knowingly. The space that this tiny stall creates is the one suggestive to the night-life of a prohibitionist city. And then as the saying goes- ‘the idea of space cannot be separated from time’ was evident from what I experienced at this stall as this space presented a completely different picture in the morning when the stall was shut at 4am.

THE HOUSE OF MIRRORS:

ARCHITECTURE CULTURES IN A MAZE OF ASIAN HISTORIES

KASTURI KALWAR, Master in Urban Planning, 3rd Semester “So how do South and Southeast Asian societies reconcile their desire to celebrate their distinctive local cultures with the overwhelming forces of globalisation? How do urban expressions of modernity relate to these values in the era of globalisation of cultures, and other ingredients shaping in the region?”

The South and Southeast Asian countries have experienced rapid urban development, which has dramatically changed their forms, scales and social compositions. Urban development strategies and projects operate in large-scale; that activate mega-urbanisation driven by economic rationale and shared professional

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cultures. Despite these transformations, it still retains cultural and social diversity.

Extending beyond geography and politics, the region exchanges concepts, techniques and knowledge with the international arena which regenerates philosophies at the intersection of cultural studies, aesthetics, sociology, and the

understanding of human living space –for and by man. These dynamics deeply impact urban practices and functionality of architectural workings, setting definite visual and behavioural scenarios affecting sense of identity.

In the past, regional differences resulted in forming different patterns of lifestyles, and its constructions. But the revolutions of the present decade create differences in the life views and social culture; and architecture has no time to match with culture. Globalisation led to a sense of fragmented self and the notion of supraterritorial spaces, where multiple identities converge to a cross-cultured hybrid identity.

This rootlessness challenges the forging of deep reliable bonds in the society.

This region has always sought societies that reconnect with the past, overcome the legacy of colonialism and find a modern way of life that is true to the traditions of societies; to experience and follow much of what they recognise as Western success but, also strive towards a shared regional identity and the traditional patterns of authority. So how do South and Southeast Asian societies reconcile their desire to celebrate their distinctive local cultures with the overwhelming forces of globalisation? How do urban expressions of modernity relate to these values in the era of globalisation of cultures, and other ingredients shaping in the region?

Amidst this chaos, architecture can be the organisational structure in transforming the character of the place for the benefit or

the disbenefit of the community. Architects, as agents of the symbolic visual markers of identity are instrumental in the changes of the new urban shapes established at different scales. Along with awareness of the role of multiple stakeholders in the design and realities of daily life, the cultural backgrounds associated with projects for heritage conservation, as well as the control of urbanisation, the architects and urban planners have to face new challenges associated with energy and population crises, which require both experimentation of science and tradition.

The architecture of these multicultural societies is a social phenomenon and has its roots in culture. It mirrors the human thought about space (that space is not static but is dynamic and is related to a circuit of interconnected activities), aesthetics and culture. It can be achieved by conceptualising built forms not just as physical matter but a persona that embodies the soul of the place. Therefore, a shift of focus from the standardised concepts of built forms is required; such that sharing space is as prominent as isolating space.

A need for innovative expressions of modernity relating to regional context and simultaneously introspecting the new situations resulting from globalisation. Analyse, whether the new architectural and urban vocabulary plays an innovative role in the design of the projects and ‘Realise’ that these transformations spread over different steps or situations, from integration to resistance within societies.

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WHAT THE SMART CITY MISSION IN INDIA MISSING UPON? RAHUL BOSE, Master of Urban Planning, 3rd Semester

“The ideal amount of water supplied for domestic use by the urban local bodies should be 135 LPCD but the average amount of water supplied is 69.25 LPCD�

Smart city mission in India broadly talks about electricity supply, sanitation, urban mobility & public transport, affordable housing, robust IT connectivity, good governance (e-governance), sustainable environment, safety, security, health, and education. The only point related to water is Adequate Water Supply. Other than the mentioned points, the smart city mission talks about challenges, financing, coverage, and duration.

However, on analyzing cities in the USA like New Orleans and California, management of water is proposed in their master plans.

Plans are made for the execution of the water management at a micro level and distributed under a certain timeframe. Furthermore, in USA water management plays a major role in smart city resolution. Smart Water not only covers the concern of adequate water supply but also water quality and quantity monitoring, water treatment, consumption, and usage.

Thus, in a developing country like India with the second highest population in the world and increasing scarcity of portable/usable water, smart city missions should not only concentrate on adequate water supply. Optimizing the use and demand of water through a legal framework should be concentrated upon in the urban sector.

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Why is water a part of the smart city

mission? The role of water in smart cities are pivotal as the population is increasing and 75% of the world population will live in urban areas by the year 2050. Thus, globally the increasing population will result in an increase in water demand by 55% in the year 2050. Therefore, the importance of the implementation of water in smart city program becomes crucial.

Internationally, the smart water network (SWN) is used in monitoring real-time information on water in smart cities. The SWN focuses upon efficiency, longevity, and reliability by the means of multiple measures such as a physical layer of delivering water, self-control layer, collection and communication, data management and display, data fusion, and analysis. However, in India, water and wastewater management is done through ICT intervention but the effectiveness of implementation remains questionable due to constrain in existing infrastructure.

Why water demand management is necessary?The water demand management is necessary due to four basic reasons, an increase in water demand, water scarcity, water quality, and climate change. In the year 2001, the urban population was 28.5 crore with water supplied of 135 LPCD. In the same year, the domestic water demand was estimated at around 38475MLD. However, in 2011, with the urban population of 37.7 crore, only the domestic demand was 50895 MLD. This shows that with an increase

in the urban population, the demand increased to 12420 MLD only in the urban sector. As according to CPHEEO, at present, the ideal amount of water supplied for domestic use by the urban local bodies should be 135 LPCD but the average amount of water supplied is 69.25 LPCD (India’s rampant urban water issues and challenges, 2018). As projected by UN the urban population is expected to rise 50% in India by 2050. Consequently, on an average 84 crore people will be living in urban areas of India which is struggling to supply portable water to the present average population of 32 crore.

This shows the difference in the demand, the supply and the scarcity of water in the urban sectors of India.

With the increase in population the demand for development also increases consequently the pressure on availability of fresh water also increases. In India the ground water is depleting, furthermore according to central pollution board 70% of the surface water is polluted. In India only 85% of the cities have access to drinking water and even less in terms of access to piped water supply infrastructure. As per NITI Aayog report only 20% of the water meet health and safety standards. This is because of the water pollution level in India which is ranked 120 among 122 countries as per global water quality index.

Climate change also has a major role to play in the demand and supply of fresh water. Global warming not only causes melting of glaciers but also natural disasters like floods, droughts etc.

As per business standard 42% of the land area in India is under drought. Thus, this increase in demand of water will only grow in the future. At present, there are multiple schemes and policies being implemented to manage the water quality and supply, however, this ever-increasing demand shows the immediate need for demand management of water in urban sectors of India.

Why should water demand management be included in the smart city mission? Water supply management, a part of the smart city mission has proven to be insufficient with the increase in water demand.

In various situations the scope of water

management becomes limited ex. Droughts.

In case of droughts and deficiency strategies such as water use restrictions, water penalties and information campaigns are implemented.

These strategies are solution towards adaptation but for adaptation large scale water management tools and strategies are required which are hampered by social, economic and environmental constraints. (Water demand management: implementation principles, 2010) Conclusion On implementing demand management, the following major outputs can be obtained.

• Help reduce water usage, water leakage or loss.

• Help improve financial performance through deferment of infrastructure investments and also reduce operational costs.

• Greater awareness by consumers of the financial and the environmental value of water.

• Water management would also help benefitting the rural sector in the irrigation purpose which consumes the highest amount of water per year. Thus, improve the rural industry.

This would further help in fruitful impact for the growing cities as there would be a favorable balance between demand pressure output for water with the increase in population and demand by the year 2050. Water demand and supply management tools together based on equity and non-equality of need can serve to provide a satisfactory service as consumers will be compelled to budget for the resource. Also, a well manged water demand management can result in variable outcome for even water scares regions (S. Nyende-Byakika, 2012). In various aspects this water management can be done.

Such as, the water management in smart city mission should be holistically designed which would include all aspects of management be it demand or supply. Not only in smart city mission, missions and policies that would only focus upon water should be implemented and prioritized. Thus, with the water resource constraints and infrastructural limitations, it is important to utilize the available resource as sustainably as possible.

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GLOBAL CITIES: A CLUSTERED NETWORK OF CITIES THINKING BEYOND CITIES AS A NETWORK OF URBAN CENTERS

PARUL SHARMA, Master in Urban Planning, 3rd Semester “Modern cities are better reviewed not in isolation, or as centres of a restricted area only, but rather as active participants in urban networks competing globally�

With the inception of the idea of Globalization, Cities have been competing to become a key locus within global networks of production, finance, and telecommunications. London, New York City and Tokyo have been such key centers of the global city’s triad. These cities are key locations within the world economy, acting as crucial centres for the global trading of goods and services.

Despite playing significant roles in the global economy, global city conceptually has been known for being a threat to the state-centric perspectives. These cities are accused of focusing their reach to compete to other global cities and neglecting cities within national reach. With time, however there are other cities clustered geographically which are emerging to form a city network serving the requirements of transnational capital across broad swathes of territory. Consequently, these cluster of cities are becoming the newly privileged sites of local politics within the context of a broader project to reconfigure state institutions.

The biggest difference between these networks of cities which have outperformed and those isolated cities which have lagged has been the Human Capital. And this capital goes beyond the simple population numbers. This can be

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regarded as the strength of the population which has the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value. The dynamics of urbanization can be investigated on several levels for these clustered cities. Regional concentration and dispersal tendencies of population based on trend analysis and available projections responds to the regional consumption of space through urbanisation and metropolitan expansion. This pattern of concentration of population and activities, further, favours the functionality of the metropolitan areas in the global framework of urban development.

Since 1950, the most significant urban pattern has been decentralization. This can be regarded as a consequence of sprawl and the way these urban regions have responded to decentralization. The deconcentrating of the residential function in cities causes an increasing volume of commuting movements over growing distances, and therefore further consumption of material and human energy.

Conceptually, modern cities are better reviewed not in isolation, or as centres of a restricted area only, but rather as active participants in urban networks competing globally. The subsequent economic growth of one city can have a positive impact on neighbouring locations. Transforming once distant cities into galaxies and corridors

‘Global Cities’ Under Capitalist Expansion & Democratization Capitalism and Democracy

Swetha Kutty, Master in Urban Planning, 3rd Semester “Do we as citizens have some kind of shaping power over the processes of urbanization, over the ways in which our cities are made? Do we as citizens have the ‘Right to the City’?”

Capitalism and Democracy Capitalism and democracy was always believed to be twin ideological pillars, with the capability of bringing prosperity and freedom, sharing a common rhetoric – ‘Development’. Capitalism denotes the means, forces and relations of production, facilitating transformation of money into capital, through industrial production and profit-maximizing exchange.

Capitalist development means the enhanced accumulation of capital (Marx 1867). The politics of capitalism are affected by the perpetual need to find avenues to invest this ‘surplus’.

Conventional wisdom holds that where either capitalism or democracy flourishes, the other must soon follow. By most measures global capitalism seems to be triumphant, most nations today are part of a single, integrated global market. However, Capitalism, long sold as the yin to democracy’s yang, is thriving, while democracy is struggling to keep up.1 Free market capitalism was promised to lead to free societies, but under the pretext of ‘development’ the global economy is guilty of eroding the power of people in democracies around the globe. Rajan Gurukkal opines that

the rise of global capitalism under neo-liberal policies aided by international institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO) has led to the open withdrawal of the state from most sectors of people’s welfare, there has been a steady intensification of privatization of public assets, impairing national economic sovereignty.

Development under Capitalism Democracy is a system designed such that the citizens have the decision making power to constructively address issues of common concerns. However, a sense of political powerlessness is on the rise amongst citizens.

Capitalism under neo-liberal policies has also led to the introduction of several changes in the policy structure of our country. Several countries introduced decentralization through constitutional reforms under the World Bank agenda of local-level development.

Indian states were encouraged to carry out decentralization for development through local self-governance, which was a mean to quicken development administration. In India, democratization has been occurring through state induced administrative reform. It is no accident, therefore, that there is no indication

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of institutional development at the grass roots to ensure better access of the weaker sections to local resources and power.

JNNURM is one such example, that upturned the relations between national and state governments, and urban authorities.

JNNURM employed a “Centre knows best policy”, it furthered the impression that corrupt local governance was disrupting ‘growth’ and JNNURM, through its technocratic measures to strengthen infrastructure will be able to achieve true ‘development’. The amount of paper work coupled with limited resources at the local level ensured the rise of ‘Consultancy Urbanism’ (David Sadoway, 2018). This strengthened the role of privatization, another virtue of Capitalism, in the development strategy for the country. It essentially put control in the hands of companies that look at such projects as a profit maximizing exchange, social responsibilities that would lead to low profits for the company This raises an essential question as David Harvey states, do we as citizens have some kind of shaping power over the processes of urbanization, over the ways in which our cities are made? Do we as citizens have the ‘Right to the City’?

Therefore, Urbanization, as Harvey states will always be a class phenomenon.

Cities have arisen through the geographical social accumulation of surplus product, and the structure of capitalist policies will ensure this surplus be invested such that the returns are profit maximizing. Thus, such policies have a segregationist character to them. They are susceptible to “elite capture” (Mahadevia 2011) and exclusionary for the urban poor.

Despite the stated objective of poverty alleviation, market oriented policies focus on

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efficient land markets and cost recovery in the provision of public services. Such projects deepen urban inequalities through the process of “dispossession” and “land grabs”. (David Sadoway, 2018).

New Phase of Capitalism Ever since the open withdrawal of the state from most sectors of people’s welfare, there has been a steady intensification of the privatization of public assets. This process of displacement and dispossession, in short also lies at the core of the urban process under capitalism and its mirror image of capital absorption through urban redevelopment (Harvey,2004).

Capitalism and Democracy may grow in tandem, but their responsibilities differ. ‘Global’ cities are proof that capitalism has flourished, however, democracy has failed to perform its basic functions: to articulate and act upon the common good, and to help societies achieve both growth and equity.4 Democracy enables its citizens to decided collectively how the economic growth will be distributed amongst the citizens. This however remains an illusion, as these tasks are increasingly being left to the market.

Globalized markets have eroded the ability of democratic governments to make independent decisions to improve the welfare of the people who elected it into power. If these challenges are not met with democratic and economic reforms, democracy may slowly transform into an oligarchy, formally legitimized by general elections.5 Thus, it is not the crisis of capitalism that will challenge democracy, but the power of neo-liberal policies that control the monopoly of development and economic growth.

WARMTH IN THE SHADES :JAISALMER A PARADOX TRUE TO INDIAN CITIES

FORUM SHAH, Master of Urban Design, 3rd Semester “Modern cities are better reviewed not in isolation, or as centres of a restricted area only, but rather as active participants in urban networks competing globally” I could see the Fort rising as I was getting closer to the city of Jaisalmer. Because I had already researched enough for the trip, I was high on the expectation of what the city would give me. The landscape from my car window had changed from the Indian weed, Gando Bawar, haphazardly growing everywhere to a landscape with less dense vegetation of some pointy grass or shrubs scattered, consuming half the horizon. We were close to the Thar Desert.

While getting our luggage down from the taxi, the driver asked us if we wanted to visit his place for a cup of tea. The people in Rajasthan are very warm and this was my first encounter with one. His home was a cozy single room where his wife and a 7-year kid stayed with him. When she learned my obsession with jewellery, she showed me some that she inherited from her mother-in-law, which were antique, bold and stunning. She had a kind smile and I made a note to self to give her a gift before leaving this city in 3 days.

We didn’t hire any tour guide as the driver had offered to accompany us in seeing the city around and we thought it was a great idea as he knew a lot about the city and we could see it from a local’s perspective (No, you can never see any place from any perspective.

Not until a first-hand experience.)Talking to him, I learned that Jaisalmer has the most exciting market for shoppers like me who fancy leather bags, diaries, and juties. Camel leather

is famous here. And so are jalebis, a sweet dish you must try if it’s your first time in India. Daal baati is another local delicacy, which by the way is heavy on diet and best to be consumed for lunch. And the first thing to do here is to visit the Fort.

Magnum opus and full of drama, fort is like a living city within the city. One can find dancers performing traditional Ghoomar, musicians performing live classical music, artists making miniature paintings along the streets, jewellers making bead jewellery, leather bags of every kind hanging along as we walk, wooden home décor items carved, painted and showcased along the plinth that every façade bore, as if the fort was a giant living room and these pieces were the frames that caged our memories. You could see it once, then return to see it the second time and yet, the third time you are equally amused. It’s one of its kind in the world and one can relate to it as soon as one is inside. There is something for every visitor here.

The streets are narrow inside the fort and each street opens into some chowk. Some streets are so narrow that barely two persons can walk comfortably side to side at the same time. On the other hand, chowks make up a good gathering space. Most chowks have some prominent buildings like a temple or some hall that is converted into a museum today, facing the open space. The ornate of the built fabric

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is as delicate and precise as the foundation of this fort must be strong and sturdy. The workmanship of these buildings was excellent, they stood proudly and witnessed a history of 800 years, only to awe-inspire many like me today.

He complained of pigeons making a mess everywhere in the city. I disagreed. I thought that it is a sight unique to Indian cities.

It’s always great to have some friends hanging around and cooing even in silence. And perhaps all the places that were not occupied by us like the top of chattris was all that they used. It’s time we stop complaining.

The weather was hot and dry but the fabric of the fort kept the environment pleasant. Something told me it was a well thought and designed place. The streets were always shaded and the sandstone walls kept the interior even cooler. I walked barefoot inside a Jain temple then and the flooring was as cool as comfortable in a desert-like climate.

Probably that’s the reason they call history a wise teacher. It gives us tools and techniques that no education system can give.

He told me about the location we were heading to, from where we could see the entire city and the terraces of each house out there

punctured by courtyards at certain intervals.

This location was the terrace of the museum for which we were charged an amount. I paid for him as I wanted him to accompany us to the top and tell us more stories of the terraces that as kids they had jumped from one to another to a third. These terraces were a site of women drying red chillis and papads, kids playing, and drying washed clothes in the sun. The terraces knew every possible gossip going on in the city.

I must say I was overwhelmed at the view of the sunset over the city from that location. It was time to return and relax after a long day as a curious case.

Before living the Fort, I bought a leather bag and filled it with my joy. I bought a wooden mask that is still hanging on the walls of my living room. I bought some jewellery that I hopefully pass to my grandchildren. I bought some spices to add a pinch of these emotions to the food I cook. I bought some ber to eat on the way back to my accommodation. I got his and his wife’s number so that I could wish them every Diwali. I got stories to narrate to the world and I got wiser by the end of this trip.

Jaisalmer has a history of being lucrative.

Probably that’s why it lies at the crossroads of the ancient Silk Route. And I’m looking forward to someday experiencing it all over again.

Because he told me once, “Padharo mahre desh”.

Opinion: Land Use Management for META Cities in India

DIVYA RAVI PRAKASH, Master in Urban Planning, 3rd Semester

“The peripheral areas being in-transition to urbanization, land use management in Meta cities will increase the scope of demand based land development”

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Metropolitan cities like Delhi and Mumbai have already crossed the 20 million population threshold, thereby becoming the first Meta cities of India. Their counterparts like Chennai, Hyderabad, and Bangalore shall join them in the next few years. While most of the smaller cities in India address the scenario of densification in present times, Meta Cities are already facing the challenge of Over Densification on Finite Land and Resources. The already tightly packed urban settlements continue getting filled by each passing day. The Urban Core of Meta Cities has almost reached saturation, and hence the administration has targeted to develop the peripheral areas of the city for future development. The case of Delhi NCR puts more clarity to this point. Sea facing cities like Mumbai resort to land reclamation for expansion. Such scenarios often lead to land use exploitation and unsuitable land development.

Thus, both the distinct areas of the city: the core and the peripheral fringes need to be planned meticulously, for the densification to be distributed appropriately. Hence, this may be the time for India to re think or brainstorm new approaches for land use management for oversaturating Meta cities.

Coexistence of Distinct Areas in Cities The peripheral areas being in-transition to urbanization, land use management in Meta cities will increase the scope of demand based land development in these areas, a practice often ignored and underutilized while planning in Indian Cities. Practising land conservation reformations can help the resultant urban agglomeration have a better chance at restricting the spill over of the perturbing land exploitation effects, created by the over congested Meta-Urban core to the peripheral areas. The aim is to address the coexistence of the two distinct urban areas. They are codependent on each other for a holistic growth and future development. Land Conservation and Management are unlikely to be a choice or another feeble attempt at urban sustainability henceforth. Approach to Land Conservation and Management.

Survey Based Strategies: At the preliminary stage, various land exploitation trends in Indian cities need to be identified, along with addressing shortcomings in the current land use planning and policies. Case studies of peripheral settlements around Meta-cities gave an insight of urbanization rate and land management in these areas. Extensive surveys in citizens provide strong insights into affordability, economic and lifestyle preferences, needs etc. that can help select appropriate development triggers, land use and projects for the city. These surveys can help in identifying the facilities that urban core provides, which draws the population, and how can they provided, transferred, distributed to the peripheral areas to reduce the over densification towards core.

Embracing new technologies in Data Collection: Data driven land use management is proving to be an effective strategy in many cities across the world. It eases data collection, easily accessible to citizens, improves transparency and consolidates multiple types of data with less hassle with increased accuracy in analysis.

In Meta cities, this can prove to be very effective in time, energy and resource management for data collection, given that the high population can make the process a very tedious and long duration task.

Change in Approach to Planning The Land Use Management and Conservation Policies for Meta Cities should address the high population and finite resources with a head dive approach. Land Prices in threat of limited land resources, make affordability of majority of citizens a huge challenge. Encroachment and slum development, black money laundering in land market are additional issues. The main target of these policies should be to provide management strategies such that affordability and effective land use in Meta cities become practically feasible.

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the MISSING MIDDLE? FAIZA SOLANKI G, Master in Urban Planning, 3rd Semester

“Deciphering the doomed by resurgence of planning ,power and people in India through gentrification by a case of a lost town -Dhanushkodi, Tamilnadu,India” In recent years more attention is drawn on the fact that about half of the world’s population is urbanizing, and realizing that a bulk of that population belongs to south Asia. Many of these south Asian countries including India are developing nations and latecomers to the practice of urbanization trends. Though prominent issues identified in urbanization are the supply of basic needs with shelter security, infrastructural solutions planned for a fairly elite-captured society. But the recognition of lower-income populations and their loss by urban environmental disasters in this urbanization process has become an out of interrogative debate scope. With current smart city ideas that market or the developing economies apparently aim to solve are such increasing issues, but there have been no propagations for a stronger initiative in redefining the lost identity and land wealth of the country through instruments of reformed urban planning and architectural gentrification.

“What emerges is largely a bundle of baked ideas incorporated into a proposed plan that planners insist should be implemented in its entirety, at all costs.” (Ansari 2004: 15) Most of us planners fail to identify the correlation between land planning, the resurgence of socioeconomic and environmental gentrification.

Is there really no framework developed to explore how planning or in the few cases lack of planning has indulged in exclusion of lost identity of major Indian towns?

The peculiar case is being reviewed by highlighting a lost and unnoticed rich land, in terms of its rich biodiversity and historical negligence. The environment currently is

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in shambles, languished in benign neglect, of its physical deterioration and level of infrastructural decadence. Is this what “the never told impossible innocence of Architecture and planning is ‘’?

From a once-bustling town and picturesque island strip in Rameshwaram district , Tamilnadu near the southern tip of India where the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean merge as Gulf of Pamban, a major port catering life to its 10,000 residents ; To a cyclone disaster that vanished its existence and living history from all records on December 21, 1964 after the entire population went under the sea, Dhanushkodi still lives to tell the tale…

But unfortunately with its remnants now as a ‘Ghost town’ Why was this town not revived for resilience and reclaimed for urban life?

Why was this town been given the status of UNESCO world heritage town but titled as an abandoned Ghost town?

Why were there no planning reforms for 55 years in spite of the technological advancements that we’ve achieved in architecture and planning?

Are reforms of the 21st-century urban planning strategies not a dialogue in response to existing scenario aspects like disaster impacts, environment, community, ecotourism, and pilgrimage by means of Urban Incarnation, for the rich biological environment and the historic position that Dhanushkodi holds in India’s greatest myths and novels?

Are there no theories contributing to enliven the current scenario by Urban rejuvenation and Reclamation, to re-envision the town from a dilapidated to a planned symbiotic town by 2030 - delivering a worldly thought in a space by Behavioural Planning and Minimal Architecture playing with Adaptive Reuse and Conservation of Remnants by Retrofitting, thereby providing Bioclimatic Urban Design Solutions ?

Wouldn’t the synthesis of all disciplines under Urban planning, Urban Design, and Architectural Conservation find a more sensible and logical answer of what global cities theory can deliver?

If these questions are answered and such synthesis works out, then the case of Dhanushkodi would conquest India to support the above paradigm, and shout out its lost glory as a re-claimed land being mariner’s biological paradise. The above theory may be an imaginative dialogue overlooking the stake of possibility via many planning proponents in harnessing the annexations bound in the preference of time for a developing nation like India. But if achieved, this would unfold India’s further challenges by thus devotedly answering the following questions; 1.Where does the concept of global cities fit within all the challenges that Indian towns pose in this 21st century 2. How would India’s reforms and Planning Strategies since ages over-shadow the fancy concepts of emerging Global cities ? 3. Is land-use zoning becoming a tool of subversive development and not retrofitting

and reclamation of existing city scenarios for upliftment? 4. Are we focussing to run behind global concepts by a one size fits all approach, neglecting the historic patterns and culture of Indian towns and cities?

These shortcomings of an edged power planner through an idiom of a resurgence of land are two sides of the coin where urban planning and applying the concept of Global cities in India engulf a drastic difference. Planning in India has been constituted by rational master planning; which has become ubiquitous as it embarks mostly on globalizing cities or what is called Making of World Class Cities. The concept of borrowing planning models across delineating contexts and neglecting the rich heritage and historic influence of Indian towns would lead to cases such as Dhanushkodi. Strategic Approaches if streamlined for planning by introducing an underlining theory called Fit-for purpose rather than a one-size-fits-all approach facility, then the 3 missing P’s i.e. People, Power, and Planning would gain recognition. Only then the missing middle - the lost 10,000 people, socioeconomic status, the historic significance of the land from Ramayana, Rich marine environmental reserves for the case of Dhanushkodi which was lost and hidden to the world from 1964 to 2019 would be reclaimed and enlivened back to all its glory. By this ‘Indian towns would achieve global identity status’ and not simply be confused on how to meet worldly trend of procuring global cities.

Public Transport and its Behavioural ASPECTS SAUMYA SHARMA, Master of Urban Planning, 3rd Semester

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“Reforms in public transport in India need to be considered as a necessity and not as an alternative to private modes.”

Transport of India has witnessed unprecedented growth in past two decades. Number of vehicles in India increased from 81.5 million in 2005 to 210 million in 2015 and further 230 million in 2016, which are owned by approximately 10% of total population (statista, 2017). With the increment in purchasing power, private vehicle ownership increased, but public transport did not get upgraded at same rate. This was partly due to government policies promoting vehicle ownership and side-lining importance of public transport. The result was elevated emission rates, increased traffic congestion and road accidents. Even until past decade, India kept looking for its mobility solutions in privatelyowned vehicle like many other American cities.

This led to lesser public spaces on roads and never satiating demand for road infrastructure.

Shift in economic structure and rapid expansion of cities, urbanization brought the need of people moving from one place to another for various activities and hence transportation became an imperative aspect. It works at two stages of inter and intra city commuting. While intra city transportation is largely dependent on shared mode on travel, intercity mode of commuting has seen shift towards privatized mode due to advancement in technology, drop in vehicle prices and availability of better roads being some of the reasons.

For decades, planning, particularly transport planning has been working on ‘predict-andprovide’ approach. As estimated, now a greater number of people and expansion of cities called for requirement of traveling longer distances for local activities. On this planner’s instinctive intervention was to enhance road infrastructure.

Further better infrastructure and advancement in automobile industry encouraged people to use even more privatized mode of commuting, this become a continual process. It has been established when a new transport facility like road, flyovers, expressways etc is added that increases the carrying capacity and reduces time of travel for commuters. However, studies have suggested that eventually traffic over

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that facility tends to increase (Noland, 2007) (Induced Travel, 2016). To understand further, improvement in transport attracts more users who were otherwise avoiding peak hours and thereby results in increased traffic and thereby traffic congestion which was the issue to be resolved at first primarily.

The benefit-cost analysis of adding new road generally does not account for the negative externalities caused by it over the environment.

It conveniently neglects the amount of hard impervious surfaces added onto globe, while undermining the increment in noise pollution, accidental risks, parking subsidies, emissions and in many cases urban fringe development beyond planning limits (Induced Travel, 2016).

New road facilities also contribute to increased trip lengths with multiple options of diverted expressways. In a way it motivates commuter to use privatized mode of travel by reducing the cost margin between shared mode and private mode as well as increasing the time margin.

One of the fine examples of such phenomenon is western and eastern expressways of Mumbai which were planned to provide faster bypass to traffic from congesting arterials. But scenario today is that these expressways are congested for 6-8 hours of the day.

Argument that, solution of this problem lies in mass commuting modes of travel is not new to planning community. Citing its benefits of environment friendly, economically efficient and more productive in terms of time, interventions in mass rapid transit systems like BRTS, light rail locomotives have been made lately. It is also notable that Indian cities broadly have quite few options for feeder transports such as local buses or para-transits like autorickshaws. Majority of them have been tagged as under-used or nonprofit making and inefficient investment. The solution to these issues provided by researchers include inter-linking these different modes to facilitate end–to–end connectivity for users.

Another aspect affecting public transport users is the attached value of societal status and sense of pride in car ownership, while looking

down at the use of public transport as a sign of inability and unaffordability.

Gustavo Perto said: “A developed country is not a place where the poor have cars. It’s where the rich use public transportation.”

However, in Indian context, using public transport is often considered a matter of choice and not an inducible trait. To counter this one of the finest and successful examples that can be taken is the initiative made by ‘Transport for London’(TFL). It is an ideal case of not only integration of multiple modes to achieve unparallel last-mile connectivity but also of making public-transport a brand. Where we relate vehicle ownership to ‘status symbol’, the authorities of London went as far as promoting and marketing Olympics-scale event as carfree in 2012. Even players travelled by coaches and buses instead of cars (Linton, 2007). This can be quoted as a classic example of inducing behavioural change for use of public transport for elites.

Returning to Indian scenario, presently it is focusing on mass rapid transit systems. It is a good initiative but isn’t contributing to decongesting roads because of its inability in terms of last-mile connectivity. If existing mass transits will be interlinked with feeder modes like NMT, this issue can be partly addressed.

Another step that India can take is to experiment with materials and techniques in road construction. With big part of infrastructure still awaited to be put in place, updated solutions will play keen role in mitigating adverse impact on environment caused by urbanization. One such solution is use of waste plastic in construction of roads. It has been proven that plastic roads perform better than conventional bitumen roads and do not strip off easily when meeting water. (Ministry of Rural Development, n.d.)

(Vasudevan, 2006).Although guidelines for use and construction of such roads by national rural roads development agency are available, the lack of mandating policies regarding such a practice has left it underutilised. This is one way by which India can mitigate its problem of waste landfill site and use this non-biodegradable material in making roads.

For a country as dynamic and mobility-

dependent as India, one mode of route often gets congested at one time of day and may get notably underused for other time. This can be specific to certain activity or event; can also vary for different sections of society. Such a varying mobility pattern has been solved by ‘dynamic route planning’ in past. One such example is running ladies-special light-rail locomotives in Mumbai on certain routes on specific time of day. Dynamic routing will help in serving demand and divert the use of resources in required direction to reduce wastage.

In short, reforms in public transport in India need to be considered as a necessity and not as an alternative to private modes. Unless that is done, no proposed road infrastructure will be able to suffice the need of ever-growing privately-owned vehicles. India in 21st century needs to induce and inculcate use of mass commuting modes and phase out private ones.

References: Induced Travel. (2016). Retrieved from Transportation Benefit cost analysis: http:// bca.transportationeconomics.org/benefits/ induced-travel Linton, L. (2007). London 2012 Olympics the first to be car-free. Retrieved from https://www. autoblog.com/2007/10/31/london-2012olympics-the-first-to-be-car-free/ Ministry of Rural Development. (n.d.). Guidelines for the use of Plastic Waste in Rural Roads Construction. Retrieved from http://pmgsy.nic. in/circulars/gpw.htm Mohan, R., & Dasgupta, S. (2004). Urban Development in India in the Twenty First Century: Policies for Accelerating Urban Growth. Stanford - Center for Internantional Development, 64.

Noland, R. B. (2007). Transport Planning and Environmental Assessment: Implications of Induced Travel Effects. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 28.

Transport for London. (n.d.). About TFL. Retrieved from https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/ about-tfl/what-we-do?intcmp=2582 Vasudevan, P. R. (2006). Plastic roads: India’s radical plan to bury its garbage beneath the streets. Retrieved from indianplasticman: http:// www.indianplasticman.com/

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GLOBAL CITIES ARE MISNOMER

ANIL KUMAR ROY, Associate Prof. Faculty of Planning, CEPT “What, in turn, the so-called global cities do is that they make it possible to exploit the local labour markets particularly in the global South along with a range of ways of plundering local resources, they are the means to achieve economic imperialism.”

Above: https://www.schroders.com/en/sysglobalassets/digital/insights/2018/hero-images/city-life-and-communication.jpg?

The global city is a misnomer, as the city is essentially a local phenomenon, which grows on its competitive advantages of both natural and human resources. Each city in the world is unique in its locations, functional characteristics, forms, morphologies and above all is easily identified by its historical landmarks.

Each city tells its own story, to name it a global city is the politics of globalization. It is an artificial expression to harmonise the classical differences that each one has to display. It is the agenda of global economic forces to qualify a city as global so that an easy access to those competitive advantages can be provided to them, rendering the local city and its hinterland devoid of fruitful benefits that

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each city is supposed to provide. More so in the globalised world economy, the regional growth theories of ‘spill over’ (Perroux, 1955) and ‘spread and backwash effect’ (Myrdal, 1956) are not happening despite the global flow of technology with the advancement of highspeed transport and communication, bypassing the development of vast hinterland of large city. Instead, large urban agglomeration and deagglomeration are the real urban phenomenon at city level (Sassen, 1994).

Large cities are closer to each other than their hinterlands, promoting the free flow of goods and services internationally.

However, essentially the city provides a huge

labour market mobility within its jurisdictional territory, making it more local than global.

What, in turn, the so-called global cities do is that they make it possible to exploit the local labour markets particularly in the global South along with a range of ways of plundering local resources, they are the means to achieve economic imperialism (Harvey, 2003). There is an emerging galaxy of large cities that are claiming to be global, majority of them are from underdeveloped or developing economies of South. This phenomenon is likely to create huge regional inequalities across the globe and within the local territorial boundaries of each global city. This is the real danger of urbanisation which needs careful examination at the moment where cities are at the crossroads of urban discourse. Global circulation of local resources- both natural and human though

the global cities in the name of globalisation, is not a bad idea, however if it leaves the cities and their vast hinterlands in the South further underdeveloped, cannot be called global cities.

References: Harvey, David. 2003. The New Imperialism, Oxford University Press, London Myrdal, Gunner. 1957. Economic Theory and Undeveloped Regions. London: Methuen & Co. Perroux, Francoise. (1955). Sur la politique du plein emploi. Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 10 (4), 210–236. https://doi. org/10.7202/1022668ar Sassen, Saskia.1993. Cities in World Economy, Sage, New Delhi

DWELLING IN ASIAN CITIES IMAGINATION, IDEAS AND ASPIRATIONS

KHUSHALI HAJI, Bachelor of Urban Design, 7th Semester “If to dwell means to reside, then in this evolution, we do so in multiple layers: in the 21st century Asian context; in a global city with 600 years of history; as a society of multiple facets; in the economic, political systems that form the city; in physical boundaries of what we call home.”

How are we to acquire a complete profile of what a dwelling is, or what it is to dwell, or consolidate Asian cities and their relations that go beyond lines drawn out millennials ago?

It’s a messy affair. Simplifying the matter into analytical bullet points with ticked boxes, or (god forbid) some theoretical framework that verdicts what the actual Asian city dwelling is, might limit how far the definitions could extend.

But then how else do you to reign in all that means to ‘dwell’ and be ‘Asian’ with mere words that are to take readers back 5000 years to the

first civilizations in Asia and then to the global megalopolis of today, a journey of multiple histories, peoples, and geographies?

And so, the core of this essay is not how the Asian city is dealt with by agencies of architecture and planning or a discourse on Asian urban morphology and historicity.

This is rather a more explorative essay that seeks to delve into the sentiments, nostalgia and psychology of what ‘dwelling’ in an ‘Asian city’ is: by the lingering or inhabitation of a

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thought or emotion or by physical occupation and appropriation. It seeks to illustrate how the Asian city and dwelling co-create the other through the people that dwell within them, their imaginations and aspirations.

If we were to question what dwelling is, not as a noun, but as a multifaceted verb, then is it how we program ourselves as a part of the environment, is it how we lay claim on space as ours? As our cultures and lifestyles have evolved due to our geographies and climate and in turn impacted the environment, have our dwellings likewise evolved and in turn evolved us as a community?

If to dwell means to reside, then in this evolution, we do so in multiple layers: in the 21st century Asian context; in a global city with 600 years of history; as a society of multiple facets; in the economic, political systems that form the city; in physical boundaries of what we call home.

Going beyond its architectural definition as a place of residence, to mean somewhere we rest, depart from, come back to – the idea complicates with processes like immigration, globalisation, privatisation, eviction and urban-rural migration. So if a dwelling is an evolution and occupation through socio-economic and political processes, it is defined by its persistence through a particular time and space (at a particular scale of space and range of time). Which means that whether the dwelling is of a roadside migrant or a gated neighbourhood, it is identified by the time and space it persists in, the values and processes that persist through it.

Here, this intersection of time and space is taken to be a 21st century Asian city, where Asia is not just ‘an intricately entangled geopolitical structure loosely categorised as a single entity only through its member countries, non-Western affiliations’ (Chee and Seng, 2017). It is rather taken to be a camouflaged entity. Because no one knows from where it begins and where it ends (and not

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just geographically). Neither can it be reduced to the South, the Middle East and the North, where parts are quarantined from others. It is a patchwork of phenomenologies. Russia cannot be thought of without its communist ties with China, India without its influence of Persian culture. Before colonialism, Asia was tied as a massive region of trade and networks.

Now, Asian cities are more characterised by fast paced development, a lack of resources, ‘increased strife due to war, social unrest, severe economic inequalities, and yet bound to certain socio-cultural and political tendencies’ (Chee and Seng, 2017).

If we look at Asia from this perspective of time and space, dwelling as the persistence through this intersection, and then arrive at dwelling in Asia cities, there are still multiple cases that compare their temporality, individuality/collectiveness, geography and scale and play a role in labelling them as a ‘dwelling of Asia’, or an ‘Asian dwelling’ or a ‘dwelling in Asia’.

You could look at IIM Road, Ahmedabad and try to gauge how temporary migrant dwellings reflect values of the dweller. Or take scale up to a city and look at the Kawloon Walled City to analyse the characteristics of a settlement that make it so ‘Asian’. Or how about Istanbul, sprawled only halfway across the continent, is its Asianess also split halfway? Is geography what ties a settlement to a continent? And what about the Chinatowns of San Francisco, New York, in major cities of North America? Does its detachment from geographical boundary make it less Asian or more so, by contrast of surrounding foreign culture?

These examples question the everchanging narrative of dwellings. Because as we go through life meeting new people, experiencing different emotions and culminating new memories, dwellings become imprints of these identities we take. It’s how we claim stake through time and space. It is how we recognize each other’s claim of stake. They become markers, temporary and evolving, a reflection of our aspirations, fears and ideas, who we are and who we want to become. Whether it’s an

anachronistic city like Damascus or a utopian project like Masdar City, they are impressions of these identities and imaginations.

Urban Lives: Stories from Tehran Cities of the Global South Reader Kay J. Anderson (1987)

This is what makes them so important to be recognized. We can talk of Asia, its power and development as the century turns, but how do we recognize the people, their inventions, the knowledge and traditions that make them, if not through how they dwell? They cannot simply be analysed through two-dimensional lenses of physical space and geographical determinism.

Because as is explored in the four case studies, the only way a dwelling is truly of an Asian city is by the mere stamp of the dwellers’ inculcation of Asia as a part of their identity, whereby the ‘Asian city’ and ‘dwelling’ co-create and evolve each other.

The Idea of Chinatown: The power of Place and Institutional Practice in the Making of a Racial Category

References Lilian Chee and Eunice Seng (2017) Dwelling in Asia: Translations between Dwelling, Housing and Domesticity J. Donald Hughes (2001)

Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 77, No. 4 (Dec., 1987), pp.

580-598 Videos Parag Khanna | TEDxGateway (Jan, 2019) Why Asia is the center of the world (again) h t t p s : // w w w . y o u t u b e . c o m watch?v=3715FIdHkJE Rush Doshi | TEDxFulbright (May, 2014) Old geographies, new orders - China, India and the future of Asia h t t p s : // w w w . y o u t u b e . c o m / watch?v=aYaj8aqkdbA

An Environmental History of the World Ali Mandipour (2015)

GLOBAL CITIES AND THE MARKETPLACE LANGUAGES ANNET BINCY EDWIN, Architect & Urban Planner

“How can we stop the development of a city anyhow? Constantly growing, the city appealed to everyone, as they referred to the urban status with pride says a resident whose family had been part of the livelihood for the past three generations. Nonetheless, he recalls his childhood escapades in the water’s edge while heaving to having lost it forever now, the city is growing.

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ESSAYS

The brunt of stratification between people, places and nature magnifying, the visions for our future cities still endorse equity. An ordered set of gleaming skyscrapers overlooking waterfronts manifest the image of any city choking off our natural ecosystems, precisely ignoring the water edges lamenting it to ‘sinks’ of city waste. Besides, magnanimity of the marginalized majority looks back to a more pristine past laced with an obliterated concoction of the informal yet lived, only to realize that the city now is gradually lost to an idea of development or a curated plan. Albeit reassuring to few it is disorienting to many as those archives of memories kept alive, enables and forecloses navigating and knowing the city.

Along the shores of Vembanad and the Arabian Sea, Cochin is a collection of islands and peninsulas, a hotspot of humanity. Through memories steadfast and perky interesting asides Cochin has a place for everyone. But do they anymore? The vituperative turn of phrase that the developers and the elite class threw up in the city has niggled the benevolent immediate biosphere and beyond manifested through its varied palpable caveats. But who bears the costs? Recurring mayhem’s in retribution to the unabated desolation caused to nature marooning the lives of millions is a paragon.

Are these not the cause of the vested greed of the minority taking a toll on the needs of the majority who saw their dreams of a lifetime, their own houses drowned overnight? Extensive land reclamation across natural watercourses and deforestation across the vulnerable

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craggy Ghats are told to be the reasons for the recent bedlams we experienced here in Kerala. The costs paid by the aspirants of a decent dwelling to the benefits of developers of those captivating contemporary landscapes of shopping lodging escapades right over the Lake, canal catchments and bridge piles cached deep underneath river beds.

“How can we stop the development of a city anyhow? Constantly growing, the city appealed to everyone, as they referred to the urban status with pride says a resident whose family had been part of the livelihood for the past three generations. Nonetheless, he recalls his childhood escapades in the water’s edge while heaving to having lost it forever now, the city is growing.

But a growing body also changes its contours. Sometimes a limb has to be sacrificed because it is diseased, to preserve the health of the core. That’s when one day the clean buildings of the many markers of growth bereaved their status to the lament of violations and withering ecosystems.

Another archetype of the costs borne by many aspirants of a decent dwelling for the benefits of an unscrupulous municipal apparatus, ‘to be homeless’ who may be compensated through the state levies. Though it is difficult to decipher the nuances of globalization and its effects, there is a fascinating layered account to which the common man incessantly falls prey to reciprocal altruism.

LEAVING NO ONE BEHIND

HIMANSHI GUPTA, Master of Urban Planning, 3rd Semester “The situation is so bad that people from “kids to elders are all striving for needful amenities”

Source: Himanshi Gupta

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ESSAYS

THE LAST RIVER

RIYA SINGH, Bachelor in Urban Design, 3rd Semester “So, hereby I resign from our contract, and I will dry to death but, I won’t let you use a single drop from my body.”

Since the first human beings started to live sedentary lifestyle, the rivers have had significant role in the life of people and in the development of the settlement. The main functions of the river were: protection, crafts related with water and maintenance of industrial enterprises. Therefore, the shape of the city that time highly depended on the river.

However, nowadays the connection between the society and river is unclear. So, here is the last river writing a letter to humanity.

From, River.

To, Humanity.

Planet Earth, 3, from Sun, Solar system.

Subject: Merger Denied We received your letter about the merger offer and we know your lives are at stake.

But, here are some reasons that proves Why you don’t deserve this merger.

For years, My company has collaborated with yours.

I remember, How we both promised to always help each other and save our team members and associates from both the sides.

In the start, It was all going with the flow.

Both of us, Working really hard on our projects, Even the Ministry of nature was glad to have us.

But after some years, Your company started acting selfish.

We both always knew that

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This was a two way contract, What you give is what you’ll get.

But, as our boss was very generous He taught us to work selflessly. of course, He was wrong.

He was so wrong that he is not even alive to see what you did to his company.

My company’s associates died, One after another, River after river, No one was spared.

But, you and your company has no idea, How brutally they died.

Some died because your associates Wasted our resources.

Some died due to the grief Of not being able to meet their lovers, Due to this ‘Dam’ thingy your company makes.

And rest of them dried to their death Because you didn’t knew how to maintain Relations with Rain-clouds and company.

I don’t have my family now, I don’t have any of my friends now, All the workers from my office have died.

There is no one below me, There is no one above me.

I have nothing to lose, Where you have everything!

And, After many years of your company Taking my company for granted, I have reached to this decision.

So, hereby I resign from our contract And I will dry to death but, I won’t let you use a single drop From my body.

Source: Vaishnavi Akilla

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ESSAYS

ODE OF THE NEARBY STREAM

HRISHIKESH ASHTEKAR, Urban Designer & Faculty at VIT’s PVP College of Architecture –Pune

Hence my friend, please listen to my wise advice, “Don’t Change but Save each of my courses for our natural resources”.

आज अचानक पावसाने मला रस्त्यातच गाठले सहजच म्हणून त्याने मला आज वेठीस धरले मला म्हणाला थांब जरा तुला अद्दल घडवतो तुंबलेली गटार आणि वळवलेले प्रवाह आज तुला दाखवतो

Said the nearby stream. Wait today I will show you the clogged drainage lines and streams which changed my directions. You never understood my topographic connections.

कितीही प्रवाह वळवलेत तरी माझे काहीच बिघडत नाही पाण्याचा मार्ग कधी कोणीही थांबवू शकत नाही

However, your trial with machines and intelligent resources, will never be able to change my natural courses.

टेकडी फोड करून तुम्ही मला घायाळ केलेत तेच चिखल पाणी आता तुमच्या घरात शीरले

The Hills which injured me with your JCBs and trucks got water in your house today full of mud and muck.

प्लॅस्टिक कचरा टाकून तुम्ही माझा श्वास कोंडला मग मात्र मी माझा रूद्र अवतार दाखवला नाहक बळी गेलेत तेव्हा माझे मलाच राहवेना झालेली दैना ऊघड्या डोळ्यांनी बघवेना म्हणून म्हणतो दोस्ता वेळीच तु शहाणा हो प्रत्येकाचे प्रवाह प्रत्येकासाठी राखीव ठेव, प्रत्येकासाठी राखीव ठेवI शीतल अष्टेकर The ‘Urbanizing Peripheries’ of Pune has common juxtapositions of large residential projects in the countryside with several such streams and undeveloped agricultural fields.

In the recent flash floods in end of September 2019, many such streams overflowed on to the streets and housing colonies, breaking their

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Today the Rain caught me on the street and casually got me off my feet.

Your Plastic waste choked me yesterday for which I showed you my terror face today.

As there were sad deaths and life in fear, my eyes were full of tears.

Hence my friend, please listen to my wise advice, “Don’t Change but Save each of my courses for our natural resources”. channelizing edge walls.

As Pune progresses towards becoming a global city (also as one of the 11 megacities of India by 2025 with more than 4 million population), the question of ecological issues remains unanswered in the spate of suburban development.

The original poem in ‘Marathi’ has been written by the Author’s wife Mrs Sheetal Ashtekar (Graphic Designer and Artist) which brings out the plight of such a stream in Pune.

The same has been further expressed in English by the Author.

Above: ‘Pravaha’- The Stream in the Suburbs

GLOBAL WARMING

KAMALDEEP KAUR, Master of Urban Planning, 3rd Semester Wo cheekh rahi hai, Awaaz laga kar pukaar rahi hai, Mujhe in sabhse bacha lo..!!

Yeh bhoomi-pradushan mein meri sans ghut rhi hai, Kya madad kar sakogi meri?

Ya fir car-scooter ki dhvani pradushn mein, Meri madad ki pukar tum bhi auron ki tarah ansuni kar dogi?

Han yeh mat karna, Madad ke naam par do-char campaign nikal kar, Akhbar mein apni photo chapva kr, Do-char bhashan dekar, Mujh par ehsaan mat karna..!!

Bahot dekhe hai iss kadar madad karne vale, Yeh sabh dekhte-dekhte hi toh, mere upar se baraf ki chunar dheere dheere fisal rhi hai,

Kabhi garam-kabhi sarad bukhar, mujhe bewaqt ane laga hai..!!

Na-jane kitna aur waqt bacha hai mere pass?

Kahin baras gyi toh, tum sabh bhi mere saath doobh jaoge..!!

Mujhe iss kadar nhi marna hai, Humare hazaron salon ke rishte ko, yoon khatam nhi karna hai, Meine toh bahut saha hai itne salon se, Magar tum nhi seh paoge, Tumhe apne saath bewaqt maut nhi dena chahti, Toh bacha lo mujhe, Aur mere saath un sabh ko Jo meri ane vali maut ko, Aur meri siskiyon ko undekha kr rhe hai.

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2

STUDENT ACHIEVEMENTS

NEETIKA MAHAJAN MURP (Infrastructure)-2017

Neetika Mahajan’s paper, co-authored with Prof Ganesh Devkar, titled “Information Asymmetry in Indian Healthcare PPP Projects” was presented at the World Building Congress held in CIB World Building Congress 2019 in Hong Kong.

GAURI VARSHNEY

MURP (Housing)-2018

EKTA VERMA

MURP (Infrastructure)-2018

Gauri Varshney and Ekta Verma, students of the 2018 batch MURP programme at CEPT University, were bestowed with gold medals for their exceptional academic performance by the Gujarat Institute of Civil Engineers & Architects (GICEA)

ADITI RAI

MURP (Housing)-2019

Aditi Rai, PG student of the 2019 batch, presented a paper in the ICOMOS – India Scientific Symposium. The paper titled “Planning of Urban Areas with Heritage Value – Towards a Heritage Precinct Conservation & Improvement Local Area Plan” emerged from her DRP research guided by Prof Jignesh Mehta of Faculty of Planning

JANKI JOSHI

MURP (Housing)-2018

Janki was awarded the best thesis on genderbased studies for her thesis on ‘Women Workers in Construction Industry’.

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STUDENT

ACHIEVEMENTS

PRATIKSHA SURPURIYA MURP -2019

Pratiksha Surpuriya presented her essay, titled “Rerouting to the Right Road: Urban Transport and Finance” at the St Gallen Symposium held at the St Gallen University, Switzerland in May 2019.

ANUPAMA VS

MURP (Infrastructure)-2019

Anupama VS was bestowed with the Gandhian Eco-philosophy Fellowship by State Knowledge Management Centre on Climate Change (SKMCCC) at Environmental Planning and Coordination Organization, Government of Madhya Pradesh.

She is the youngest person to receive this fellowship!

SABAREESH SURESH MURP (Environmental Planning)-2019

Sabareesh presented his paper titled ‘Benefits of Cumulative EIA in Promoting Localization of SDGs’ at International Symposium on Environmental Justice and Sustainable Development Goals. He was guided by Dr. Neeru Bansal.

SUPRIYA SWARUP

MURP (Infrastructure)-2019

Supriya Swarup published an article titled ‘Striving for Cleanliness sans Water’ in collaboration with Prof. Saswat Bandyopadhyay in the annual edition of ‘Down to Earth’ called ‘State of Environment 2019’.

VIDIT KUNDU MURP -2019

Vidit got the opportunity to present his research paper titled “Using Image Classification with Space Syntax Model to Predict Pedestrian Volumes and Vehicular Trip Lengths” at IGARSS 2018 in Valencia, Spain

ANJU VARGHESE

MURP (Infrastructure)-2018

SAURAV CHOWDHURY

MURP (Infrastructure)-2018

Anju and Saurav presented their research at the International Solid Waste Association (ISWA) World Congress 2018 at Kuala Lumpur.

Anju presented her paper on ‘Influence of Existing Waste Management Initiatives on Marine Litter in Trivandrum Beaches’ while Saurav presented his research on ‘Dilemma of Waste: Dump Sites and Developing Nations’

YASH MEHTA MURP -2018

Yash won the award for the best research paper for his paper titled “Open Source Smart City Dashboard: Analyzing the structure and Trends in Infrastructure Proposals under the Smart cities mission India” at FOSS4GAsia 2018 Conference (Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial Asia) held at University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka from 2nd to 5th December, 2018

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3

STUDENT WORKS

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Understanding the City Studio - Ahmedabad

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DP Studio - Rajkot, Bharuch-Ankleshwar, Surat

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UERP Studio - LAP and TP Scheme

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Housing Strategy Studio - Vadodra

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Housing Project Studio - Ahmedabad

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CIP Studio - Udaipur

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Infrastructure Project Studio - Bhuj

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Strategic Transportation Plan Studio - Vadodra

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Transport Project Studio - Business Ideas

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Impacts of Ahmedabad’s Parking Drive - Thesis

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Placemaking Studio - Gandhinagar

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MasterPlanning Studio - Ahmedabad

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Urban Habitat Studio

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Water Infrastructure for Civic Expression

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Iterations: Inclusive, Participatory Urban Design

STUDENT WORKS FOUNDATION STUDIO

Above: FAR Consumption in the city of Ahmedabad

UNDERSTANDING THE CITY STUDIO AHMEDABAD

Studio Coordinator - Prof. Rutul Joshi As a part of the Foundation studio, the students are expected to ‘Understand the city of Ahmedabad’ with a curriculum spreading across to about 15 weeks of work. As a part of learning, it was found that Ahmedabad is a flat city, with a dichotomy of urban fabric contrasting on two sides of the river. The urbanism spreads outside to the fringes that continue to grow towards both east and west of the city. The eastern side is primarily industrial, whereas the western expansion is more of a commercial and institutional in nature. The city is not mono-centric but comprises of various commercial centres located all across the city, comprising more numbers in the west than east. The eastern part of the city comprises

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of a denser urban fabric which tries to utilise the maximum amount of floor space possible as a whole in the city. The western part, as a result of re-densification of the city, finds more spacious gated communities under cooperative societies. Lesser block perimeter in Ahmedabad actually generates more waste, which should be inverse. Surface water is the preferred water source in the city. The streets become the primary public realm because of the lack of specific public spaces, and become the hub for numerous urban agglomerations catering to the daily lives of the people. Moreover, the street network finds a higher connectivity, in terms of both public and private transport.

Above: Graphical representation of population density in different precincts of Ahmedabad

Above: Figure ground of Ahmedabad in various precincts

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STUDENT WORKS

MUP SEM 2

DP STUDIO

Above: Proposed phasing of Rajkot DP 2041

DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF RAJKOT, BHARUCHANKLESHWAR, SURAT Studio Coordinator - Amit Gotecha, Bhargav Adhvaryu, Jignesh Mehta Teaching Assisstant - Nirupama Vidhyarthi, Nancy Dixit, Rishika Bowen Statutory development plan is the most important and powerful tool to plan urban areas. The studio is focused on developing core competencies in making a development plan and explored various approaches and tolls like zoning and regulations. Students prepared integrated proposals for land use, transport, housing, infrastructure, environment etc. to achieve long-term goals of the plan. This Studio was structured to promote individual learning as well as group learning. For this purpose the students were divided into groups.

While each group were tasked to prepare its own development plan, each individual student

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detailed out and individual component of the DP. The total duration of the studio was divided into 3 iterations. With each iteration, the students improved their own understanding and plan, ultimately evolving a complete development plan for the given urban areas. Throughout the studio, the students were encouraged to study, question, debate and innovate. Also, the studio structure allowed parallel series of input lectures on weekly basis, which exposed the students to various tools, techniques and real life examples presented by experts and practitioners in the field.

Above: Proposed Zoning criteria in Development Plan

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STUDENT WORKS

MUP SEM 3

Above: Proposed TP Scheme for East Gandhinagar, Elika, Siddhi, Arun

UERP STUDIO

LAP - MP NAGAR, KALUPUR & BOPAL TP SCHEME - AEROCITY, HATHIJAN, GANDHINAGAR Studio Coordinator - Amit Gotecha, Jignesh Mehta, Utkarsh Patel Teaching Assisstant - Aarti Sharma, Rishika Bowen, Shyamantika Sarkar The aim of this Studio is to acquaint the students with knowledge to develop microlevel plans, including various statutory and nonstatutory microlevel planning mechanisms such as TP Schemes, Local Area Plans for CBD, TOD, Heritage, Smart City Area Based Development etc. This shall require a detailed understanding of different layers including land, real estate, environment, transport, infrastructure, cost, recovery etc.

Key Outcomes: 1. Prepare implementable microlevel plans, which go beyond conventional statutory plans,

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and which are not only focused on implementing a vision to create livable, well served, high quality urban environments ;but are also aimed to make the implementation economically viable for both the land owners and the authorities.

2. Detailed case studies to, understand various micro-level planning mechanisms of land pooling (e.g. TPS), and incentive based redevelopment/ conservation (e.g. LAP) for a more justifiable and equitable distribution of benefits & costs.

Mix-use zone 1

High Intensity | High-rise | public transport | Along arterials | Predominantly commercial

Mix-use zone 2

Medium Intensity | Mid-rise | Predominantly commercial mix |Street vending

Mix-use zone 3

Medium Intensity | Mid-rise | Predominantly residential mix |

Open Spaces

Vehicular Underpass

Culverts

FOBs

Metro Station

Above: Proposed Zoning plan for MP Nagar-Bhopal, Saumya, Rahul, Saket, Anupriya

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STUDENT WORKS

MUH SEM 2

Existing Scenario (as on 2019)

Spatial Area Expansion

Housing Shortage (as on 2019)

Timeline of Vadodara

Above: Documentation of exisiting housing situation in Vadodara

HOUSING STRATEGY STUDIO VADODARA Studio Coordinator - Prof. Sejal Patel, Prof. Amruta Patel Teaching Assisstant - Debarati Bhattacharya Housing Strategy Studio aims at developing city-wide housing strategy to improve access to affordable and decent shelter for all income groups. Access to decent housing that is affordable for all is key for a habitable city. Cities across the developed and developing countries are grappling with varying degrees of housing unaffordability as per the specifics of local land and labour markets. Issues such as inadequate delivery of serviced land in the periphery of the cities, irrational and counter productive land and building regulations that impose high costs on housing unit price, other regulatory processes such as, RERA clearances, stamp duty etc impose additional time and costs on price of housing units. As a consequence, markets are unable to provide units below a certain price range,

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leaving a large section of households in cities seeking housing adjustments uncatered and for whom access to affordable housing remains critical issue. On the other hand, government attempts to directly provide for poor urban households living in substandard and informal housing, through policies and programs which do not really reach the intended beneficiaries as they are often ill conceived, straightjacketed formulations, at the state and national level rather than at the local level. Hence large sections of households, despite considerable but ill-conceived provisionary support of the government continue to live in substandard, unsafe and unhygienic hosing unsafe for human habitation.

Above: Proposed comprehensive housing strategy for Vadodara

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STUDENT WORKS

MUH SEM 3

Above: Map showing numerous types of redevelopment in Ahmedabad

HOUSING PROJECT STUDIO AHMEDABAD Studio Coordinator - Prof. Madhu Bharti, Prof. Rutool Sharma Teaching Assisstant - Kinjal Prajapati Given the large scale urbanization, cities in India are facing immense pressure due to lack of sufficient quality built space for various uses and income groups. Land use in developed core areas of the cities are getting transformed from residential areas to commercial and other uses.

Local governments respond by expanding the city limits, redefining and revising the building bye-¬laws and allowing higher floor space ratio.

An opportunity exists for the land owners to derive substantial benefits by redeveloping the land parcels as per the micro-¬market requirements. This opportunity also exists for some large land parcels that are not used to the optimal capacity specially the lands previously being occupied by mills.

The proposed ’Housing Project Studio’ focus on development of greenfield / brownfield sites in Ahmedabad. The sites identified for studio

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offer variation in terms of predominant land use, location, accessibility and other character.

This studio developed projects for Mill land Redevelopment, Public land Redevelopment, Private land Redevelopment & Slum land Redevelopment.

Through the studio each student has learnt how to develop a financially viable project with due understanding of macro and micro market conditions; Understand the parameters for evaluation of land and carry out evaluation of identified plots; develop an implementable project cycles (phase-wise) after multiple iterations and the financial resources required at each stage and to develop strategies for resource generation for project through variation in product and sales cycle.

Above: Housing project studio timeline and methodology

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STUDENT WORKS

MUI SEM 2

Above: A Journey of CIP Udaipur, Ankit Vikani

CIP STUDIO UDAIPUR

Studio Coordinator - Prof. Saswat Bandopadhyay, Prof. Neeru Bansal Cities are the epicentres of growth and the infrastructure is the backbone of an Urban system. It literally means ‘invisible structure supporting to the system’. The rising Urban phenomenon has directly given rise to challenges for the supply of municipal infrastructure and services. In Indian cities like Udaipur different infrastructure faculties provided by multiple institutions and authorities. Conventional City land use plan often neglects the infrastructure services. All the sectoral plans like water supply plan or sanitation plan made separately which causes inefficiency in the system.

The studio was focusing on preparation of citywide infrastructure plan for city of Udaipur including municipal and non-municipal

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services in integration with land use planning.

The baseline city profile has been prepared with primary surveys on the field, stack-holder consultation and secondary literature study like existing master plan and project reports.

City vision developed for the 15 year based on principles of Sustainability, Inclusive and resilient. The five emerging sectors decided based on scope of work and data availability.

Sectoral plans were prepared with technical financial and institutional details. In line with overall sectoral plan Individual pilot project identified and detailed out. Overall plan connects local intervention to global development in line with sustainable development goals.

Above: Strategies for improving infrastrcuture in Udaipur, Ankit Vikani

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STUDENT WORKS

MUI SEM 3

Above: Physical topographic model of the natural streams in Bhuj

INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT STUDIO BHUJ

Studio Coordinator - Prof. Mona Iyer, Prof. Ashwini Kumar, Dr. Meera Mehta Teaching Assistant - Richa Thakur The studio focusing on preparation of a city water and sanitation plan for a Municipality.

Specific subsectors include water supply, sewerage (both sewered and nonsewered options), storm water drains and solid waste management. The city water and sanitation plan would include broad technical, financial, institutional, policy and program related aspects.

It covers the entire service chain from capture at household/community levels, conveyance/ transport, treatment, disposal and reuse through centralized and decentralized systems for each of the above mentioned services. The

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guiding principles for plan include: spatial equity, access for the poor, sustainability (financial, institutional, environmental and technical) and integrated service delivery. Infrastructure Planning assess the infrastructure status in the city and across zones, assess gaps in service delivery and suggest strategies to overcome this gap. Based on assessment detailed plan and implementation strategy formed. Further detailed study of each sector evolved individual pilot project demonstration in line with citywide plan.

Above: Mapping of ground water depth, frequency of supply and consumption in Bhuj

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STUDENT WORKS

MUTS SEM 2

Above: Mobility issues in Vadodara, Anuj Singh

STRATEGIC TRANSPORTATION PLAN STUDIO VADODARA Studio Coordinator - Shalini Sinha, Nitika Bhakuni The purpose of the studio is to provide students with an understanding of strategic transportation plan and its preparation process.

The students undertake data collection with respect to land use, transport and socioeconomic characteristics of the case study city.

Based on the existing situation analysis, they develop a long term vision for the city and propose alternative development strategies and appraise them to arrive at the most optimal set of land use transport proposals for the city.

After completing the Studio, the students are

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able to undertake situation analysis by using secondary information and/or conducting necessary transport surveys and identify transport issues. Systemically analyse and interpret data for transport planning and travel demand analysis. Develop alternative scenarios using various land-use and transport interventions. Demonstrate impacts of the alternative scenarios developed and identify suitable alternatives through demand, design, capacity and economic analysis.

Road network condition if no intervention is done.

Congestion Base Year: 56%, @v/c ratio: 0.9 Congestion Base Year: 79%, @v/c ratio: 0.9 Congestion Map - 2019, Ramit Raunak

Congestion Map - 2040, Ramit Raunak

Proposals • Interventions For Road Network • Proposal new BRT corridors • Route rationalization for city bus and IPT • NMT Infrastructure improvement • Pedestrianisation of Inner City • Junction Design Improvement • Urban Freight Management • Parking Management

Proposed PT Network-2040, Shalini Chaudhary

Above: Mapping of congestion and Proposed PT Network for Vadodara

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STUDENT WORKS

MUTS SEM 3

Above: Various business ideas from the MUTS studio

TRANSPORT PROJECT STUDIO BUSINESS IDEAS

Studio Coordinator - Prof. H. M. Shivanand Swami, Prof. Gautam Patel, Prof. Hiren Joshi Teaching Assistant - Aditya Purohit The third semester studio for Master of Urban Transport Systems aims to provide students with an understanding of preparation of a detailed project report for urban transport proposal.

Each student has to develop an individual business idea related to urban transport, based on demand and supply analysis, gap in existing transport services or innovation in the sector of mobility. Studio also involves undertaking financial and economic analysis of the business model. Components of the model includes, idea formulation, SWOT analysis, market segmentation, role of stakeholders, service/ product design, viability checks, regulations, implementation plan and risk management.

Learning outcomes include understanding of detailed project report, its content and

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preparation process. It will enable students to undertake situation assessment, demand assessment, and to demonstrate project development. Economic and financial appraisal, service design, implementation plan and various PPP models are key learning of the studio exercise. A sample business plan of the studio is explained along with financial analysis.

Business Plan: The idea is to tap the potential of unused cars in the market and improve its utilization. Today’s cars are parked 95% of its life. In order to improve the asset utilization, a car aggregator web based application will be developed where a car owner can meet a potential user (self drive customer) and can do business.

Capital Cost - INR 80 Lacs Average Operational Cost per year (for 100 cars) - 86 lacs Average Revenue generated per year - 83 lacs Break Even - 5th Year Above: Proposed business model for car rental, Ramit Raunak

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STUDENT WORKS

THESIS

Above: Photographic documentation of parking drive in Ahmedabad, Shivani Palepu

IMPACTS OF AHMEDABAD’S PARKING DRIVE SHIVANI PALEPU

Thesis Coordinator - Prof. Abhijit Lohokre Several cities across the country are framing parking policies that will help reduce parking pressure and congestion on roads. Among these cities, Delhi, Pune, Hyderabad, Chandigarh, Bengaluru and Surat have taken a lead. The challenge is to maintain the balance between parking supply and demand. Conventional parking policies have always aimed at increasing parking supply with increase in demand. The underlying assumption is that with the increase in demand, supply has to be increased. But this approach has failed miserably. In the recent years, parking policy principles across the globe have changed. Instead of promoting unlimited parking supply, parking demand management is been given more importance.

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In 2018 a citizen of Ahmedabad filed a writ petition PIL in the Gujarat High Court holding the government responsible for the traffic problems in the city. The petition included various issues, among which traffic congestion was one of them. Post the PIL, a drive was carried out in the city with the intent to curb the traffic congestion caused due to the illegal establishments and haphazard on-street parking. This study specifically looked at the impacts of this drive on the travel patterns and on parking demand as well. The purpose of this study was also to undertand the sustainability of such drives which aim at immediate shortterm solutions.

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STUDENT WORKS

MUD SEM 2

Built and Open Form

Building Use

Above: Design process for re-imagining Sector-20 of Gandhinagar, Sushma G Aradhya

PLACEMAKING STUDIO RE-IMAGINING GANDHINAGAR

Studio Coordinator - Prof. Brijesh Bhatha, Prof. Purvi Chhadva, Prof. Narendra Mangwani, Prof. Umesh Shurpali Teaching Assistant - Pooja Rawal, Aarzoo Samani Urban Design may be considered as a bridge between Urban Planning and Architecture. It directly deals with creating an environment that any living being would experience throughout the day. It is hence of utmost importance to understand the scale that any urban designer would work with. Representing ideas and learning through these representations is of equal importance as the designing, with understanding of these proportions.

Second semester studio focused on understanding, representing and analyzing various elements of urban design such as building types, urban streets, open spaces and urban blocks around the world.

Followed by re-imagining and designing a sector of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Project aimed to design and modify existing character for streets, open

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spaces and urban blocks which would bring life to the sector and achieve desired character of the sector.

This created a base for design and presentation style that is needed to effectively put forward strong ideas in a minimal way.

Re-imagination of sector 20 - demonstrating the key characteristics of streets, public open spaces, urban blocks and building types.

The design approach intended to maximise the active spaces and usage of land for the higher population. The vibrant spaces add a strong sense of identity which is integral to community life and the public realm. The neighbourhood is designed to work round - the - clock with an active environment.

Above: Proposed masterplan for re-imagining Sector-20 of Gandhinagar, Sushma G Aradhya

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STUDENT WORKS

MUD SEM 3

Density Strategy

Above: Design strategy for the master planning of township at Hebatpur, Ahmedabad, Parth Patel

MASTER PLANNING STUDIO

TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT, AHMEDABAD Township Development at Hebatpur, Ahmedabad Studio Coordinator - Prof. Brijesh Bhatha, Prof. Purvi Chhadva, Prof. Rajiv Kadam, Prof. Vipuja Parmar Teaching Assistant - Pranav Meghani, Mariana Paisana

Vision is to creat e a recreat ional ad l eisure spac e with activ e nodes at Master Planintervals Studio aimed at learning the keyconnected recreationalwith and leisure space with active nodes different which are also multi-modal network.

aspects involved in preparing a large-scale at different intervals which are also connected urban design master plan. The emphasis of the with multi-modal network. Design aimed at Design at notthedev eloping ed recreation al spac esspaces along studio willaimed be on exploring design processdistribut not developing distributed recreational through various pedestrian concepts and only approaches, with a central pedestrian only green spine. with a central green along spine. achieving a detailed design resolution, evolving Green spine aimed to connect S.P Ring road an appropriate development model and to and S.G. Highway through a horizontal active Green ai med communication to connec t S.P ro ad and S.G. wayexisting through prepare spine a persuasive and Ring spaces.

Pedestrian streetHigh connect lake a representation strategy for the master plan. with neighbourhood to accentuate existing horizontal active spaces. natural conditions. Activity nodes are hence Township at Hebatpur planned along the spine to have vibrant and The visionanfor street the project is to tcreate a activelak environment Pedestri connec existing e withthroughout. neighbourhood to

accentuate existing natural conditions.

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Activity nodes are h ence plann ed along th e spin e to hav e vibrant and active environment throughout.

Above: Proposed master plan strategies for township development, Hebatpur, Ahmedabad, Parth Patel

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STUDENT WORKS

BUD

Above: An aerial view of the proposed design, Harsh Shah

URBAN HABITAT STUDIO

Studio Coordinator - Prof. Hitesh Chavda, Prof. Tapan Shah, Teaching Assistant - Naaem Chuttani ‘The Spenta Vistas’ is a mixed-use residential building located in the neighborhood of Makarba which falls under the town planning area 84(A), which is on the western side of Ahmedabad, situated near the most prominent S.G highway and with views of green fields on one side and housing on the other. It consists of 1044 units that vary in size and layout, the building meets the needs of people in all of life’s stages: young and old, families and single people, growing and shrinking families. The adjacent diagrams show how I went about with the form of my design. The form is inclined towards my design drivers which came up from the concerns of the site. Spenta Vistas is where common areas and facilities merge with

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personal life. Instead of dividing the different functions of the building in separate blocks, they have been layered horizontally. Housing rests above public, commercial, and retail programs, such as offices, showrooms, cafes, that unfold at the base of the building. The form focuses on creating experiences for the users at various levels and giving them a view from varied heights for beautiful living. The view from the houses actually creates a sense of belonging and a connection from any floor to the ground level which comprises of the community around.

Which intern focuses on the idea of community living. It is a strong example of the concept of ‘Housing for all.’

Above: Concept sketches and view of the entrance plaza, Harsh Shah

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STUDENT WORKS

BUD

Above: Mapping of water logged area in the CEPT campus, Arnav Prakash

WATER INFRASTRUCTURE FOR CIVIC EXPRESSION

Studio Coordinator - Prof. Nishant Mittal, Prof. Dhara Mittal Teaching Assistant - Vaishal Patel The extraction of groundwater is a common practice in water-scarce areas where civic infrastructure is absent. This practice of mining, water has considerably affected the ground water-table and has led to illegal practices of water theft. The rapid growth of population within the city has given thriving opportunities for construction activities which significantly alter the drainage patterns and natural topography. The storm-water can be a huge potential for water-stressed regions to improvise the situation. The speculation deals with understanding storm-water as a resource that can be harnessed at different scales.

A toolkit is prepared to help the citizens in harvesting rain-water. The booklet gives an idea about the volume of water that

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can be harvested in different rainfall scenarios.

The small scale interventions can be used by households of varied scales. The current civic infrastructure has made water available at ease to households and a nominal amount is charged for the same irrespective of the amount of water consumed. The speculation also deals with sensitizing the people regarding the decreasing ground-water table. The city eventually would strive to meet its water needs in the future and the sooner we start to devise a system to harness each drop of water, the better it will be for us. The small scale interventions can be implemented by any household or a community to collectively save water. A collective effort towards utilizing the water efficiently will help in reducing the water-stress in urban scenarios.

Above: The upside down scenario of water consumption, Arnav Prakash

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STUDENT WORKS

BUD

teration attempts to respond to needs expressed by the people processes

e design is specifically looking are row of tenements at the southern grants living south east of the lake, s include access to the lake, water tantly, the lack of usable space om them on grounds of caste or s a place where caste hierarchies rictly adhered to by the people on st cases have to bear the brunt of women often do not use the e they are unsafe or not easily hey live.

nt communities who live often est of the area (yadavngar and der conditions of very insecure erefore suffer greatly. The migrant e toilet across 12 families with an per family. Moreover worsening rent larger list of problems which flooding of water during the rains.

Low income/insecure tenure residential Mid income-de facto tenure conditions

ond to these prevailing conditions s, provision of space and materiality.

High income-free holders/lease Mixed use (R/C)

3 floors 2 floors

commercial

1 floor

Warehouse/garage

in in two primary ways-the ction as an urban common, and provision of usable public spaces nal parts of a more minute spatial opes to achieve with regard to he migrant settlements around as proceeded first by looking at y as a common public space, its ned incremental housing units to the second part of the design

Above: Mapping of the context, Aryan Iyer Facultative lagoon consisting of common reeds and phragmites

, accesses and spaces is premised ure conditions, but with an aim to ces that would be best suited to the oups as possible mostly women a and ed communities. To this end I have and space provisions in a way to private to semi private spaces that lead

Existing gazebo

ITERATIONS:

Softscapes that break the compacted earth levels that shape the public space

INCLUSIVE, PARTICIPATORY URBAN DESIGN Constructed wetlands Wooden pier

Studio Coordinator - Prof. Vrushti Mawani Teaching Assistant - Bhagyashree Kulkarni Check dam and bridge

nd a few ideas, mainly the lakes space, and the reduction of the tenure e latter, incremental housing plans n of required space are based on the and lesser skill required. Activities on usable soil, which when coupled with aub a viable method for a sites and

The design aims to evolve in two phases.

Restoring the lakes function as an urban common, and a resource to nearby inhabitants is the first priority in the second phase, to restore the lakes function as a centre point of a public space limited not only to the people living nearby, but for all possible prospective users, including those from other parts of the city. Detailed here is the main entrance to the lake, where level differences reminiscent of the lakes natural topography have been used to create a public space while integrating the migrant community settlement into it.

Redesigned space-low tenure security houses

Ghats and balcony

Reed beds/ rain gardens

Stage 2 design around the constructed wetlands in connection with space provided for the low tenure security houses on the edge

also seating spaces around existing flora er niches if people want to site s or alone. They provide a break from a nuous ,and are situated around spaces s are to accompany them

ed to create creating an erences

Seating spaces

Constructed wetlands

ion of usable private and semi e spaces to the households on the southern edge

Design phase 2

Iteration 2 The second iterations of the designs were much more focused, in so far as the user groups and the areas were concerned. The application of

ckshaw chowk design is the second of the design, around the usly design constructed wetlands d the primary drainage of the lake. unding this are single/multiple ancy single room tenement style s which have problems that include of any usable space. Basic services ow tenure security. The design aims gain work with an hierarchy of s, and the negotiation of ample e, semi private and public space,

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our own judgement and discretion in designing the space around the lake lessened considerably after the 5 day long participatory processes held at the site. Social hierarchies and the functioning of tenure and rent agreements ,which, as the design proceeded to the third iteration became the central points of focus began to be examined more carefully during this stage of information gathering which was followed by a revision of the site analysis.

Redesigned migrant community housing

Eastern entranceValinath chowk BRTS stop-elevated to 1.5 meters

Redesigned entrance-a public space designed around levels and contours reminiscent of the lakes natural topography

Existing stage + amphitheatre

Dry swales-water drains through subsurface channels into the constructed wetlands

Entrance transition that leads to main entrance and residential entrance

BRTS stand-Valinath chowk

Iteration 3 The design in the third iteration attempts to respond to very specific issues and needs expressed by the people during the participatory processes.

Design phase 1

AMUL

Designing a public s[ace open to all which is accessible to the marginalised communities living in the proximity The entrance design focuses primarily on creating a public space that is accessible and visible to prospective user, and acts as an exit into a larger space for those living in the houses around it. features included are dry swales for storm water drainage, soft scapes that break up the compacted earth/concrete landscaping, and level differences which open up the s[ace to the viewer.it connects with the existing park, which in turn connects further to

s around existing flora le want to site rovide a break from a uated around spaces ny them

ainly the lakes eduction of the tenure tal housing plans ce are based on the quired. Activities on when coupled with hod for a sites and

aces is premised ut with an aim to best suited to the ostly women a and o this end I have ons in a way to ivate spaces that lead

y ways-the common, and le public spaces re minute spatial with regard to ments around t by looking at ublic space, its ousing units rt of the design

Above: Proposed Plan Iteration 3 , Aryan Iyer

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Redesigned space-low tenure security houses

Check dam and bridge

Wooden pier

Constructed wetlands

Ghats and balcony

Stage 2 design around the constructed wetlands in connection with space provided for the low tenure security houses on the edge

Redesigned entrance-a public space designed around levels and contours reminiscent of the lakes natural topography

Redesigned migrant community housing

1 floor

Existing gazebo

commercial Warehouse/garage

2 floors

Reed beds/ rain gardens

Facultative lagoon consisting of common reeds and phragmites

Mixed use (R/C)

3 floors

Existing stage + amphitheatre

Dry swales-water drains through subsurface channels into the constructed wetlands

Seating spaces

Eastern entranceValinath chowk BRTS stop-elevated to 1.5 meters

BRTS stand-Valinath chowk

Entrance transition that leads to main entrance and residential entrance

Softscapes that break the compacted earth levels that shape the public space

RECRUITMENTS IN 2018-19, FACULTY OF PLANNING

16th OCT 2019 : PRE-PRAMEYA DAY 1 Launch of Prameya Launch of photography competition, Launch of Prameya Sports Events

17th OCT 2019 : PRE-PRAMEYA DAY 2 Sports Events

18th OCT 2019 : PRE-PRAMEYA DAY 3 Academic Events Begin Evening Session: Lecture-1 (Prasanna Desai)

19th OCT 2019 : PRAMEYA DAY 1 Morning Session Opening Ceremony - Mr Amrit Abhijat (Chief Guest) Launch of Magazine and Exhibitions Lecture-2 (Ms Anumita Roychowdhury) Lunch Break Afternoon Session Lecture-3 (Mr Abhay Kantak) Break Debate - Theme : What are we looking for in Global Cities?

Pictionary Evening Session Main Design Competition (Stage I) Planning Night

20th OCT 2019 : PRAMEYA DAY 2 Morning Session Know Your Alumni Lecture-4 (Mr Satyanarayan Vejella) Break Panel Discussion Lunch Break Afternoon Session Quiz On the Spot Design Competition Main Design Competition (Stage II) Design Jury Lecture-5 (Rajendra Singh) Closing Ceremony by Dr. Bimal Patel

CREDITS EDITORIAL TEAM Sameer Kumar Arun Kumar Parul Sharma Arundhati Hakhu

Assisted by: Elika Shingho Ramit Raunak Ankit Vikani Achuth Harikumar Vaibhav Gupta Kshitija Pedharkar

Printed at Siddhi Printech@CEPT University