Ryan's Fish ID by Ryan Fields

AUBURN CITY SCHOOLS

Ryanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Fish ID Project Ryan Fields Period:4TH 5/8/2012

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Title:

Saltwater Fish

Species #: 1

Common Name: Cinnamon Clownfish Scientific Name: Amphiprion melanopus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Pomacentridae

Geography / Habitat: Worldwide in tropical reefs at a depth of 1-17 meters. They are found in the Pacific Ocean: Indonesia, southern Philippines, New Guinea, Australia, New Britain, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa Islands, Society Islands, Caroline Islands, Marianas, Kiribati and Marshall Islands. Life Strategy: These fish prefer to spawn on substrate and in caves. They are also Oviparous. An anemone is not necessary for spawning. The eggs will adhere to the substrate and then the male will aerate them until they hatch. Food / Feed Strategy: Feed predominantly on planktonic copepods and algae. Like to stay around amenome home.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcaragiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 2

Common Name: Black Marlin Scientific Name:

Makaira indica

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Istiophoridae

Geography / Habitat: Can be found throughout the Pacific, tropical waters, occasionally entering temperate waters. Highly migratory species at depths of 0-200 meters. Oceanic, usually found in surface waters above the thermocline, often near shore close to land masses, islands and coral reefs. Life Strategy: Black Marlin breed in winter months in the Indian to Pacific Ocean. They migrate to certain locations each year to spawn in large groups. Food / Feed Strategy: Eat smaller fish that live in the same habitat.

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Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal with a large upper jaw.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 3

Common Name: Nurse Shark Scientific Name: Ginglymostoma cirratum Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Chondrichthyes

Order: Orectolobiformes

Family: Ginglymostomatidae

Geography / Habitat: Common inshore bottom dweller, found in 1-75 meter deep water

Life Strategy: Not harmful, not very aggressive to humans either.

Food / Feed Strategy: Feed on dormant fish, and grazes on moss and coral

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Subterminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 4

Common Name: Shortbill Spearfish Scientific Name:

Tetrapturus angustirostris

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Istiophoridae

Geography / Habitat: Indian and Pacific: tropical and temperate waters. Oceanic and epipelagic, found above the thermocline. Depth range 0 - 1830 meters. Life Strategy: Their spawning grounds are in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. They spawn in large groups. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on fishes, cephalopods and crustaceans.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 5

Common Name: Sailfish Scientific Name: Istiophorus platypterus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Istiophoridae

Geography / Habitat: They are oceanodromous and stay between depths of 0-200 meters. They are found in the IndoPacific, eastern Pacific, western Indian Ocean, eastern Indian Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Red Sea. Life Strategy: They live in large schools and undergo a specific spawning season in the Pacific. Where the females lay their eggs in the open ocean and then the males swim by and fertilize them in large groups. The eggs are left alone to hatch and grow. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed mainly on fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods. They use their large dorsal fins (sails) to herd the fish into tightly packed groups that make it easy to pick out individual fish.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal, with evolved, large, skinny, upper jaws.

Citation:Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 6

Common Name: Flamefish Scientific Name: Apogon maculatus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Apogonidae

Geography / Habitat: Found on tropical marine reefs at depths of up to 128 meters. They can be found in the Northwest, Southwest and Western Central Atlantic Oceans. Life Strategy: Prefer to breed on reef beds near drop offs, males care for and carry eggs until they hatch. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on benth crustaceans, small fishes, zoobenthos and mobile invertebrates. They are nocturnal and stay hidden in cracks and crevices until night when they come out to hunt.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 7

Common Name: Warty Frogfish Scientific Name: Antennarius maculatus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Lophiiformes

Antennariidae

Geography / Habitat: Indo-West Pacific: Maldives and Mauritius to Indonesia, Singapore, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Recently reported from New Caledonia. They stay in sheltered rocky reefs at depths of up to 11 meters. Life Strategy: These fish are oviparous, and the eggs are bound in ribbon-like sheath or mass of gelatinous mucus called 'egg raft' or 'veil' and placed in a secure area on the reef. Food / Feed Strategy: They mainly eat other fish like nekto, finfish and bonyfish.

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Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 8

Common Name: Dogtooth Tuna Scientific Name: Gymnosarda unicolor Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: Found around coral reefs or drop offs in the areas of the Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to French Polynesia, north to Japan, south to Australia. They prefer a depth rang of 10-100 meters. Life Strategy: Not much information on breeding. These fish stay in small schools of 6 or less and work together to heard schooling fish into tight bundles so they can feed on them. Food / Feed Strategy: Preys on small schooling fishes such as Decapterus, Caesio, Nasio, Cirrhilabrus, Pterocaesio and occasionally squids.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 9

Common Name: California Halibut Scientific Name: Paralichthys californicus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Pleuronectiformes

Family: Paralichthyidae

Geography / Habitat: In open oceans and along coasts, sometimes in brackish water. Depths up to 183 meters. Eastern Pacific: Quillayute River in northern Washington, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico. Also in northern the Gulf of California. Life Strategy: The adults will migrate many miles to shallower water in order to spawn. They live mostly on areas with sandy bottoms. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed during the day on other smaller fish and also on squids.

• Body Form or Style: Compressiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 10

Common Name: Sleek Unicornfish Scientific Name: Naso hexacanthus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Acanthuridae

Geography / Habitat: Live in clear lagoons and seaward reef slopes. Found in these areas: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa including the Mascarene Islands to the Hawaiian, Marquesan and Ducie islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island. Live in depths between 6-150 meters. Life Strategy: These fish form shoals. Could not find much on breeding, known to spawn in spring in large groups. Food / Feed Strategy: They are mainly diurnal, it feeds on zooplankton such as crab larvae, arrow worms, pelagic tunicates, and occasionally filamentous red algae.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Canrangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 11

Common Name: Atlantic Wolf Fish Scientific Name:

Anarhichas lupus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Anarhichadidae

Geography / Habitat: Northeast Atlantic: Spitsbergen southward to White Sea, Scandinavian coasts, North Sea, the British Isles, also Iceland and south-eastern coasts of Greenland. Northwest Atlantic: southern Labrador in Canada and western Greenland to Cape Cod in Massachusetts, USA; rarely to New Jersey, USA, Bay of Biscay and northwestern Mediterranean. Live in open ocean with rocky bottoms, sometimes over sand or mud. No deeper than 600 meters. Life Strategy: Eggs are internally fertilized and then male will stay with the nest for four months while they develop. The eggs are laid on open ocean bottom, and form loose clumps. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on fish, hard-shelled mollusks, crabs, lobsters, sea urchins and other echinoderms.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 12

Common Name: Pollock Scientific Name:

Pollachius virens

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Gadiformes

Gadidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the Eastern Atlantic: Barents Sea, Spitsbergen to Bay of Biscay, around Iceland. Western Atlantic: southwest Greenland, Hudson Strait to North Carolina. Depths between 37-364 meters. Usually enters coastal waters in spring and returns to deeper waters in winter. These fish stay in open ocean. Life Strategy: These fish spawn in batches to allow maximum survival of young. They are known to migrate from the north to south to spawn. Food / Feed Strategy: They eat small crustaceans (copepods, amphipods, euphausiids) and lots of fish.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 13

Common Name: Chevron Tang Scientific Name: Ctenochaetus hawaiiensis Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Acanthuridae

Geography / Habitat: Live on coral reefs at a depth of 1-61 meters. They are found throughout the Pacific Ocean: throughout most Oceania, from Micronesia, Wake and Marcus islands to the Hawaiian Islands and Pitcairn Island. Life Strategy: There is not much known on how these fish breed, but they do stay in large schools throughout their whole life. Food / Feed Strategy: Chevron tangs feed on algae off the coral reef beds, they can often be found grazing the coral with their heads down and tails up.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 14

Common Name: Malabar Grouper Scientific Name:

Epinephelus malabaricus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Serranidae

Geography / Habitat: Located throughout the Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Tonga, north to Japan, south to Australia. They live on coral and rocky reefs, tide pools, estuaries, mangrove swamps and sandy or mud bottom from shore to depths of 150 m. Life Strategy: These fish are able to reverse their sex at maturity. The largest males often control harems containing three to fifteen females. Groupers often pair spawn, which enables large males to competitively exclude smaller males from reproducing. They spawn between May and August. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds primarily on fishes and crustaceans, and occasionally on cephalopods.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 15

Common Name: Virgate Rabbitfish Scientific Name:

Siganus virgatus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Siganidae

Geography / Habitat: Indo-West Pacific: southern India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands, Thailand, southern and eastern coasts of China, Taiwan, Ryukyu, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Northern Territory in Australia. Depths up to 20 meters. They stay around hard coral reefs and areas of sand with patches of rock and soft coral. Tolerant of murky waters. Life Strategy: Not much information on breeding. Young like to stay in mangroves or reefs with lots of cover. Adults and juveniles stay around coral reefs in breeding pairs. This fish has venomous spines on the dorsal and anal fins. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on benthic seaweed and algae.

• Body Form or Style: Globiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 16

Common Name: Two-tone Tang Scientific Name: Zebrasoma scopas Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Acanthuridae

Geography / Habitat: Occurs in coral rich areas of lagoons and seaweed reefs. They are found in the Indo-Pacific: East Africa, including the Mascarene Islands to the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe and Rapa islands. Depth rang of 1-60 meters. Life Strategy: The adults school in small groups while juveniles remain solitary on the reefs. These fish form spawning aggregations. Food / Feed Strategy: They are herbivorous fish specializing in filamentous algae. They have small pharyngeal teeth that may have evolved in response to a shift in diet from macroalgae to filamentous algae.

• Body Form or Style: Globiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform • Mouth Position: Beak in terminal position Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title:

Saltwater Fish

Species #: 17

Common Name: Blackcap Gramma Scientific Name: Gramma melacara Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Grammatidae

Geography / Habitat: The Blackcap Gramma lives in the Western Central Atlantic, where it can be found in the West Indies and Central America. It is a deep water species found from 11 down to 60 meters. Usually found along vertical cliffs and drop-offs beyond outer reefs.

Life Strategy: Females will lay 10-50 eggs in a nest made by the male from fibrous material like algae. The male then comes by and fertilize the eggs. Food / Feed Strategy: Their diet is manly plankton, krill, and zooplankton, every now and then It will eat smaller crustaceans and shrimp.

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Body Form or Style: Taeniform Swim / Locomotion Style: Labriform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 18

Common Name: Yellowtail Tang Scientific Name: Zebrasoma xanthurum Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Acanthuridae

Geography / Habitat: Coral reefs at depth up to 20 meters. Located in the Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea to the Persian Gulf. (Coral reef zones.) Life Strategy: The males will change color to attract females for spawning. These fish are oviparous. Food / Feed Strategy: They survive on micro or macro algae that they scavenge off the reef beds, corals,and turtle shells.

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Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Labriform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 19

Common Name: Grey Barracuda Scientific Name: Sphyraena barracuda

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Apogonidae

Geography / Habitat: Western Central Pacific: Papua New Guinea, Flores in Indonesia, and Sibvan Island in Borneo. They stay in coral reefs. They need a place to hide during the day to survive. Life Strategy: Could not find information on breeding, these fish are solitary and nocturnal. During the day they stay hidden as much as possible. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on small fishes, mobile invertebrates, zoobenthos and benth crustaceans.

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Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 20

Common Name: Indian Halibut Scientific Name: Psettodes erumei Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Pleuronectiformes

Family: Psettodidae

Geography / Habitat: Found on mud and sand bottoms in the Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Japan and Australia. Usually remain in water less than 100 meters deep. Life Strategy: Usually deeply buried in the substrate during the day, but out and hunting at night. They swim upright Food / Feed Strategy: Feed on other bottom dwelling organisms, from crustaceans and flounder, to crabs and octopuses.

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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Anguilliform Mouth Position: Supraterminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 21

Common Name: Brown Sturgeon Fish Scientific Name: Acanthurus nigrofuscus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Acanthuridae

Geography / Habitat: Southeast Atlantic, Western and Eastern Indian Ocean, Northwest, Western Central, Eastern Central and Southwest Pacific in depths between 0-25 meters. Found on hard substrates of shallow lagoon and seaward reefs. Life Strategy: Form spawning aggregations where females lay up to 60 eggs and males swim over and fertilize them. Food / Feed Strategy: They eat benthic algae, weeds and phytoplankton. Prefer to feed in large schools of same species.

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Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 22

Common Name: Queensland Blenny Scientific Name:

Ecsenius mandibularis

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Blenniidae

Geography / Habitat: Found in the Western Pacific: Queensland from Cape York Peninsula at 12°S to the Bunker Group, southern Great Barrier Reef. These fish stay around coral reefs their whole lives. Life Strategy: They are oviparous and their eggs are demersal and adhesive to substrate or rocks. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed primarily off of plants, including benthic algae and weeds.

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Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 23

Common Name: Great Barracuda Scientific Name: Sphyraena barracuda

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Sphyraenidae

Geography / Habitat: Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to Hawaii and the Marquesan and Tuamoto islands. Western Atlantic, Bermuda, and throughout the Caribbean Sea to Brazil, and Eastern Atlantic. They live in and around reef areas in shallow waters. Life Strategy: Not much information on breeding. Young like to stay in mangroves or reefs with lots of cover. Food / Feed Strategy: They use lie in wait ambush, and hunt fish, cephalopods and sometimes on shrimps.

• Body Form or Style: Sagittiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 24

Common Name: Vermiculated Angelfish Scientific Name:

Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Pomacanthidae

Geography / Habitat: Found on coral reefs in the Western Pacific Oceans, they stay at depths between 1-20 meters. Life Strategy: Not much information on breeding. They will form small schools of the same species and stay with these select fish throughout their whole lives. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on filamentous algae and diatoms and sponges.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 25

Common Name: Yellow-Tailed Damsel Scientific Name: Chrysiptera parasema Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Pomacentridae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the Western Pacific: including Solomon Islands, northern Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and Ryukyu Islands on coral reefs at depths between 1-16 meters. Life Strategy: These fish are oviparous and form distinct pairs during breeding. The females lay the eggs which are demersal and stick to the coral reef floor. The males then guard and aerate the eggs. Food / Feed Strategy: These fish are scavengers and will eat a variety of things including algae, small fish and crustaceans and some are even reported to eat plankton.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 26

Common Name: Royal Gramma Scientific Name: Gramma loreto Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Grammatidae

Geography / Habitat: Found in the oceans of the Western Central Atlantic: Bermuda, Bahamas, and Central America to northern South America. Often found in caves or under ledges at depth between 1-60 meters. Life Strategy: Males show various types of nest care behavior. Form breeding pairs. Food / Feed Strategy: The Royal Gramma is a planktivore, eating mostly zooplankton and crustaceans and also feeds on ectoparasites of other fishes

• Body Form or Style: Taeniform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 27

Common Name: Skipjack Tuna Scientific Name: Katsuwonus pelamis Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: These tuna are oceanodromous and live in depths of up to 260 meters. They are found in most open ocean throughout the world in tropical and warm temperature waters. Life Strategy: These fish will spawn throughout the year as long as they are in warm enough tropical water. The eggs are released by the females in several different portions, allowing different males to fertilize each portion. The eggs and larvae are pelagic. They school in surface waters with driftwood, birds, sharks, or whales. They are known for jumping. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on fish, crustaceans, cephalopods and mollusks; cannibalism is common for these fish.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 28

Common Name: Rock Beauty Scientific Name: Holacanthus tricolor Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Pomacentridae

Geography / Habitat: Found in oceans in the Western Atlantic: Georgia (USA), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Santa Catarina, and Brazil. Inhabits rock jetties, rocky reefs and rich coral areas. Depths of 3-92 meters. Life Strategy: The adults are found in pairs year round, perhaps suggesting a long-term monogamous bond. The pairs reproduce by rising up in the water, bringing their bellies close together, and releasing clouds of sperm and eggs. The female can release anywhere from 25 to 75 thousand eggs each evening and as many as ten million eggs during each spawning cycle. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on tunicates, sponges, zoantharians and algae.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Labriform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title:

Saltwater Fish

Species #: 29

Common Name: White-Tail Angelfish Scientific Name: Centropyge flavicauda

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Pomacanthidae

Geography / Habitat: Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New South Wales, Australia in coral reefs at depths between 10-60 meters. Stays near coral bottoms and channels over reef slopes. Life Strategy: Stays in small loose schools, with other fish like damselfish and small wrasses. Food / Feed Strategy: These fish are herbivores and will eat algae, shrimp, other small crustaceans and some types of sea weed.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 30

Common Name: Flowery Flounder Scientific Name:

Bothus mancus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Osteichthyes

Order:

Family:

Pleuronectiformes

Bothidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in shallow waters near coastal coral reefs with sandy bottoms. Indo-Pacific: in tropical waters, from South Africa to Hawaii and Easter Island, north to southern Japan and south to Lord Howe Island. Eastern Pacific: Revillagigedo, Clipperton and Cocos islands. Less than 100 meters. Life Strategy: Hunt mostly at night, but also active during the day. Often crawling over low rocky reef. Females release 2-3 million eggs and males fertilize them. The eggs float close to the surface and are carried by the currents. During the first few months of life the right eye of the juveniles slowly moves to the left side. Food / Feed Strategy: Feed on fishes, crabs and shrimps.

• Body Form or Style: Compressiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Anguilliform • Mouth Position: Supraterminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 31

Common Name: White Grouper Scientific Name:

Epinephelus aeneus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Serranidae

Geography / Habitat: Eastern Atlantic: along the west coast of Africa to southern Angola, including the southern Mediterranean. Adults are found on rocky or mud-sand bottom; juveniles have been taken in coastal lagoons and estuaries. Depths between 20-200 meters. Life Strategy: These fish are protogynous hermaphrodite and breed whenever they encounter another of their species. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on other fish, stomatopods, cephalopods, crabs, and crustaceans.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 32

Common Name: Red-Speckled Blenny Scientific Name: Cirripectes variolosus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Blennioidei

Family: Blenniidae

Geography / Habitat: Found in the Pacific Ocean: Palau to Johnston Islands, Marquesas and Pitcairn Islands, north to the Bonin Islands, south to Rapa; throughout Micronesia. Depths between 0-31 meters. Inhabit exposed seaward reefs where it usually shelters at bases or among the branches of Pocilloporid corals. Life Strategy: These fish are oviparous and the eggs are demersal and adhesive to the reefs. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on algae and plants.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Inferior

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 33

Common Name: Rusty Angelfish Scientific Name:

Centropyge ferrugata

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Pomacanthidae

Geography / Habitat: Can be found in the Western Pacific: Tanabe Bay, southern Japan to the southwestern tip of Taiwan and the Philippines. Lives in seaward rocky reefs and rubble areas, especially where algal growth is extensive. Depths between 6-30 meters. Life Strategy: These fish are mainly solitary but are sometimes found in small groups. Oviparous and form breeding pairs where both parents tend to eggs until they are hatched. Food / Feed Strategy: They mainly eat Spirulina and marine algae, but will sometimes eat small shrimp and crustaceans.

• Body Form or Style: Globiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Labriform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title:

Saltwater Fish

Species #: 34

Common Name: Bignose Unicorn Fish Scientific Name: Naso vlamingii Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Acanthuridae

Geography / Habitat: Western and Eastern Indian Ocean, Western Central and Eastern Central Pacific Ocean in coral reefs. Life Strategy: Do not breed very often, but lay eggs that are externally fertilized by the males.

Food / Feed Strategy: Feed on zooplankton, small crustaceans, and algae.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 35

Common Name: Pacific Halibut Scientific Name: Hippoglossus stenolepis Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Pleuronectiformes

Family: Pleuronectidae

Geography / Habitat: Located in the North Pacific: Hokkaido, Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk to the southern Chukchi Sea and Point Camalu, Baja California, Mexico. They live on continental shelves or coastal waters at depths of up to 1200 meters. Life Strategy: Spawning takes place during the winter months on continental shelves. The eggs hatch after 15 days and become free floating larvae. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on fishes, crabs, clams, squids, and other invertebrates.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title:

Saltwater Fish

Species #: 36

Common Name: Clown Trigger Fish Scientific Name: Balistoides conspicillum Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Tetraodontiformes

Family: Balistidae

Geography / Habitat: They prefer to live on marine reefs in the Western and Eastern Indian Ocean, and Western Central and Eastern Central Pacific Ocean. They can be found in a variety of depth ranges from 1-75 meters deep. They like to stay in clear water with reefs that contain lots of seaweed, and prefer to stay near drop offs. Life Strategy: They lay their demersal eggs in a small hole dug in the sea bottom. The young are on their own once they are born. Food / Feed Strategy: Diet consists of sea urchins, crabs and other crustaceans, mollusks, and tunicates. They are able to use their hard beak to crack open sea urchin and mollusks shells as well as crabs and other hard exoskeletons. These fish will forage along the bottoms of reefs.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Beak, terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 37

Common Name: Yellow Hogfish Scientific Name: Bodianus bimaculatus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Labridae

Geography / Habitat: They are common around rubble and sand in steep outer reef slopes and drop-offs, usually adjacent to very deep water. They live in depth of 30-60 meters and are located throughout the Indo-Pacific: Madagascar to New Caledonia, Japan to New Zealand. Life Strategy: They school together with juveniles and females with a dominant large male as the head of the group. They are oviparous and lay eggs. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on small shrimp and also graze on sponges and corals.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Taeniform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title:

Saltwater Fish

Species #: 38

Common Name: White-jawed Cardinal Fish Scientific Name:

Pseudamia amblyuroptera

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Apogonidae

Geography / Habitat: Indo-West Pacific: Singapore, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Moluccas, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Palau, and Yap in the western Caroline Islands. Recently reported from Tonga. They live in brackish water on coral reefs at depths of 0-30 meters. Life Strategy: Spawns during the winter in mangrove forests. The juveniles mature there then travel to shallow lagoon reefs or sea grass beds to live out maturity. Food / Feed Strategy: Eat zooplankton and other microscopic animals, also graze on algae and sea grass.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation:

Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 39

Common Name: Blue Angelfish Scientific Name: Holocanthus bermudensis Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Pomacanthidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the western Atlantic part of from Bermuda, the Bahamas and Florida to the Gulf of Mexico, and tend to stay near rocks, coral, and sponges. Life Strategy: The female can release from 25 to 75 thousand eggs each day, the eggs are also buoyant. The male externally fertilizes them. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed primarily on sponges, but also feed on tunicates, jellyfish, and corals as well as plankton and algae.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 40

Common Name: Leaping Bonito Tuna Scientific Name: Cybiosarda elegans Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: They are oceandromous and live in water that’s deeper than 50 meters. They are located in the Western Pacific: restricted to the northern three quarters of Australia (absent from the south coast) and the southern coast of Papua New Guinea. Life Strategy: They live in large schools of hundreds of fish. They spawn and fertilize in this group at the same time and then the eggs are left to develop in the open ocean since they are buoyant. Food / Feed Strategy: They stay in their large schools and feed off whatever is small enough for them to eat as they pass by. Things like algae, plankton, small fish, and fish larvae.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Hit and Run, Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 41

Common Name: Atlantic Cod Scientific Name:

Gadus morhua

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Gadiformes

Gadidae

Geography / Habitat: Northwest to Northeast Atlantic: Cape Hatteras to Ungava Bay along the North American coast; east and west coast of Greenland; around Iceland; coasts of Europe from the Bay of Biscay to the Barents Sea, including the region around Bear Island. They can be found anywhere from the shoreline to the continental shelf. They can live as deep as 600 meters. Life Strategy: These fish spawn once a year in batches. The eggs they lay have neutral buoyancy. They like to school during the day. Food / Feed Strategy: Cod are omnivorous; they feed at dawn or dusk on invertebrates and fish, including young cod, mollusks, crabs, starfish, worms, and squid.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/.>

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 42

Common Name: Tomato Clownfish Scientific Name:

Amphiprion frenatus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Pomacentridae

Geography / Habitat: This fish is found in the waters of the Western Pacific, from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, to Malaysia and Indonesia. They stay in coral reefs and use anemones as a home base. These type of clownfish prefer anemones like purple anemones such as the bubble-tip anemone, Entacmaea quadricolor, or the Sebae anemone, Heteractis crispa. Life Strategy: Prefer to spawn on substrate and in caves. Anemone is not necessary for spawning. The eggs are deposited on a flat surface and tended by the pair until they hatch, the females are usually larger than the males. Food / Feed Strategy: Herbivore. Will eat shrimp, krill, plankton, seaweeds, and mysids.

• Body Form or Style: Compressiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 43

Common Name: Swordfish Scientific Name: Xiphias gladius Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Xiphiidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: tropical and temperate and sometimes cold waters, including the Mediterranean Sea, the Sea of Marmara, the Black Sea, and the Sea of Azov. They are oceanodromous and live in depths up to 800 meters. Life Strategy: The females may carry from 1 million to 29 million eggs, during spawning season the solitary males and females will pair up. The eggs are released and are buoyant. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on other fish including mackerel, barracudas, silver hake, redfish, herring, squid, crustaceans and lantern fishes. They use their sword to kill their prey.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: They have terminal mouths that have an evolved, long, skinny, upper jaw.

Title:

Saltwater Fish

Species #: 44

Common Name: Great White Shark Scientific Name: Carcharodon carcharis Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Chondrichthyes

Order: Lamniforms

Family: Lamnidae

Geography / Habitat: Found everywhere in the pacific ocean, likes warmer water, very big predator in the ocean. Life Strategy: Live birth, mammal, Eats anything and everything.

Food / Feed Strategy: Eats small fish, people, and anything else it can fit in its mouth.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title:

Saltwater Fish

Species #: 45

Common Name: Southern Bluefin Tuna Scientific Name: Thunnus maccoyii Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Scombridae

Geography / Habitat: Found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: temperate and cold seas, mainly between 30°S and 50°S, to nearly 60°S. During spawning, large fish migrate to tropical seas, off the west coast of Australia, up to 10°S. Highly migratory species. Depth range 50 - 2743 meters. These fish stay in ioen oceans throughout their adult life. Life Strategy: Spawning fish and larvae are encountered in waters with surface temperatures between 20° and 30°C. They spawn between September and April, and the eggs hatch within three days. Food / Feed Strategy: An opportunistic feeder, preying on a wide variety of fishes, crustaceans, cephalopods, salps, and other marine animals.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 46

Common Name: Queen Triggerfish Scientific Name:

Balistes vetula

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Tetraodontiformes

Balistidae

Geography / Habitat: Eastern Atlantic: Ascension, Cape Verde, and Azores, ranges south to southern Angola, Western Atlantic: Canada to Massachusetts, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to southeastern Brazil. Found over rocky or coral areas at depths between 2-275 meters. Life Strategy: These fish may form schools or may remain solitary. Not much information on breeding and has not been bred in captivity. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates but it will occasionally prey on sea urchins by blowing water to overturn it and then attacking it where the spines are short.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 47

Common Name: Southern Sennet Scientific Name:

Sphyraena picudilla

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Sphyraenidae

Geography / Habitat: Located on marine reefs at depths of up to 65 meters. Found in the Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), and the Bahamas to Uruguay. Life Strategy: These fish will lay large clusters of eggs. The eggs and larvae are buoyant. Food / Feed Strategy: They use lie in wait ambush, and hunt fish, cephalopods and sometimes on shrimps.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Saltwater Fish

Species #: 48

Common Name: Rooster Hind Scientific Name:

Hyporthodus acanthistius

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Serranidae

Geography / Habitat: Eastern Pacific: southern California in the USA, south to Peru. Common in the Gulf of California. Occasionally encountered in isolated reefs and sandy bottoms near the coast at depths of 46 to 90 m. Life Strategy: Could not find information on breeding. Fish form small schools where they scavenge together. Food / Feed Strategy: Eat smaller fish, crustaceans, shrimps, and sometimes known to feed on plankton and sea grass.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title : Saltwater Fish

Species #49

Common Name: Rusty Angelfish Scientific Name: Centropyge ferrugata Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Pomacanthidae

• • • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Labriform Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Fishes Common Name: Threadfin Butterflyfish Scientific Name: Chaetodon auriga Class: Actinopterygii Family:

Chaetodontidae

Species #50 Order: Genus:

Perciformes Chaetodon

Species: auriga

Geography / Habitat: Indo-Pacific, range stretches from eastern Africa, to the Red Sea, and Hawaii. Corals reefs, inshore waters and rubble covered with algae. They like a lot of space and caves. Life Strategy: Monogamous, they have a lasting partnership, release hundreds of thousands of eggs, and then leave the eggs alone.

Food / Feed Strategy: They are omnivore, They mostly eat plankton, algae, shrimp, and also gastropods, It depends on the location. They tear small, individual pieces of their prey to eat.

• • • • •

Common Name: Threadfin Butterflyfish Scientific Name: Chaetodon auriga Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal "Threadfin Butterflyfish." Aquacommunity.com. Aquaticcommunity, 2004. Web. 08 Apr. 2012. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/Butterflyfish/Threadfin.php>

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 51

Common Name: Whitebarred Catfish Scientific Name:

Agamyxis pectinifrons

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Siluriformes

Doradidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Amazon River basin. Prefers areas where it is able to hide between logs or vegetation. Life Strategy: These fish are sometimes called "talking catfish" because of their ability to produce sound by moving their pectoral spine or vibrating their swim bladder. Could not find information on breeding habits. Food / Feed Strategy: They eat snails, small worms, or bugs found on the bottom, and are known to scavenge dead plant material for algae.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Subterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 52

Common Name: Striped Panchax Scientific Name:

Aplocheilus lineatus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cyprinodontiformes

Aplocheilidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Widely distributed in Peninsular India and Sri Lanka. Lives in streams and reservoirs at high altitudes, and in rivers, wells of the plains, low-lying paddy fields, swamps and brackish waters Life Strategy: Utilized for mosquito control. Spawn in mosses floating on the surface of the water. Eggs hatch in 1215 days. Food / Feed Strategy: In the wild these fish eat insects off of the surface of the water.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Supraterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 53

Common Name: Diamond Tetra Scientific Name: Moenkhausia pittieri

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Characiformes

Characidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Lake Valencia basin in Venezuela. Life Strategy: The fish usually spawn in the early morning. The eggs normally hatch in 36 hours and the fry are usually free swimming in 4 days. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on worms, crustaceans and insects.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 54

Common Name: Pygmy Gourami Scientific Name:

Trichopsis pumilus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Osphronemidae

Geography / Habitat: Occurs in ditches, small ponds, and peats. Most common in standing or stagnant water that has a dense cover of floating plants. They are found in Indonesia, Laos, and Thailand. Life Strategy: This species is a bubble nest builder. The males build nest on the surface among floating plants. The eggs are then laid in the nest and the male guards the eggs until the fry is free swimming. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on zooplankton and aquatic insects.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 55

Common Name: Yellow Swordtail Scientific Name:

Xiphophorus clemenciae

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cyprinodontiformes

Poeciliidae

Geography / Habitat: North America: Coatzacoalcos and Papaloapan ecoregions in Mexico. Common in small streams and brooks with light current and rockpools in areas with extensive limestone outcroppings; relatively uncommon in fast-flowing streams. Life Strategy: These fish are live young bearers; the female gives birth to her young among vegetation. Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous, its diet includes both plants and small crustaceans, insects, and annelid worms.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 56

Common Name: Bronze Featherback Scientific Name: Notopterus notopteru

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Osteoglossiformes

Notopteridae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Indus, Ganges-Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Krishna, Cauvery, and other river basins in southern India; Irrawaddy, and Salween; Meklong, Chao Phraya, Mekong and virtually all coastal river basins of peninsular Thailand and Malaysia; Sumatra and Java. Has never been reported in Borneo and is not present in the Red River basin of Tonkin. Found in clear streams and enters brackish waters Inhabits standing and sluggish waters of lakes, floodplains, canals and ponds. Life Strategy: Active during twilight and night. Colonizes and breeds seasonally during rainy days and migrates back to permanent waters in dry season. Breeding takes place in stagnant or running waters in the rainy season. Eggs are laid in small clumps on submerged vegetation. A female measuring 21-25 cm usually lays 1,200-3,000 eggs. The male will guard the eggs until they hatch. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on insects, fish, crustaceans and some young roots of aquatic plants.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Anguilliform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 57

Common Name: Freshwater Garfish Scientific Name:

Xenentodon cancila

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Beloniformes

Belonidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Sri Lanka and India eastward to the Mekong. It is most common in rivers, but may also be found ponds, canals, and other freshwater habitats. Life Strategy: Oviparous. Spawning occurs in the morningwith small numbers of eggs being deposited among plants. The eggs take ten days to hatch, at which point the fry are almost 12 mm long. Food / Feed Strategy: Its natural diet appears to consist almost entirely of crustaceans.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 58

Common Name: Spotted Green Pufferfish Scientific Name:

Tetraodon nigroviridis

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Tetraodontiformes

Tetraodontidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Sri Lanka to Indonesia and north to China. Adults inhabit freshwater streams, rivers and floodplains. Life Strategy: Lays a cluster of eggs that sink to the bottom. Food / Feed Strategy: Feed on mollusks, crustaceans, and other invertebrates, as well as some plant matter.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 59

Common Name: Julii Cory

Scientific Name:

Corydoras julii

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Siluriformes

Family: Callichthyidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Lower Amazon River and coastal rivers in northeastern Brazil. They like bottoms to be sandy or rocky. Life Strategy: They are oviparous. The female carries a few of the eggs between her fins while the male fertilizes them. She then finds a safe spot, usually heavy with vegetation, and hides them. They will continue this process until around 100 eggs have been fertilized. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matter.

• Body Form or Style: Compressiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform • Mouth Position: Subterminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 60

Common Name: Freshwater Butterfly Fish Scientific Name:

Pantodon buchholzi

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Osteoglossiformes

Family: Pantodontidae

Geography / Habitat: West and Central Africa: Nigeria, Lake Chad, Cameroon, Ogowe basin, Congo basin and upper Zambezi River. Eastern limit of its distribution seems to be the Ouémé River in Benin, but it is also observed in Jong River, Sierra Leone. It lives in swamps, creeks and buckwaters and inhabits the calmer parts of rivers. Life Strategy: Oviparous. These fish breed over a span of several days sometimes up to one week long. The eggs sink to the bottom and the parents sometimes cover them with substrate. These fish can jump out of the water to catch prey or escape predators. Food / Feed Strategy: It is an insectivore, feeding on terrestrial insects and aquatic larvae and nymphs of insects. It also feeds on crustaceans and fish

• Body Form or Style: Compressiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform • Mouth Position: Supraterminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Freshwater F ish

Species #: 61

Common Name: Largemouth Bass Scientific Name: Micropterus salmoides Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Micropterus

Geography / Habitat: Mostly found in North America, but also has been introduced as an invasive species in countries such as Namibia.

Life Strategy: The juvenile largemouth eats mainly small baitfish, but the adult bass eats crawfish, small brim, and smaller baitfish as well.

Food / Feed Strategy: They are swift, as they need to be to catch their prey. They also like to have a chase, not an already dead fish.

• • •

Body form or style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal Citation::

Citation: Rainer, Froesa. "Largemouth Bass." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, July-Aug. 2010. Web. 30 Jan. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Largemouth_bass>.

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 62

Common Name: Electric Blue Hap Scientific Name: Sciaenochromis ahli

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: Africa: Endemic to Lake Malawi. Inhabits several habitats where rocks are found; usually found in caves and cracks of the biotope Life Strategy: Oviparous and a Mouth-brooder. The female broods for two to three weeks. During this time her mouth will appear enlarged and she will not eat anything. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on small fishes, mainly small larvae or fry that live among the rocks.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 63

Common Name: Coolie Loach Scientific Name:

Pangio kuhlii

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cypriniformes

Cobitidae

Geography / Habitat: Borneo, Java, Thailand, Malaysia. The natural habitat of the Coolie loach is the sandy beds of slowmoving rivers and clean mountain streams. Lives in hill streams to lowland forest canals and peats. Life Strategy: They are a social fish and are typically found in small clusters but are cautious and nocturnal by nature and swim near the bottom where they feed around obstacles. When they breed they are oviparious. Food / Feed Strategy: They are nocturnal and are scavengers, so they will eat anything that hits the bottom.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Anguilliform Swim / Locomotion Style: Anguilliform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 64

Common Name: Blue Catfish Scientific Name: Ictalurus furcatus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Siluriformes

Family: Ictaluridae

Geography / Habitat: Found everywhere in North America, but mainly in the Mississippi River.

Life Strategy: Opportunistic eaters,will mainly eat anything.

Food / Feed Strategy: Will eat crawfish, freshwater mussels, frogs, etc.

• Body Form or Style: Compressiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Rainer, Froesa. "Blue Catfish." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Mar.-Apr. 2012. Web. Mar.-Apr. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_catfish>.

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 65

Common Name: Bream Scientific Name:

Chilotilapia rhoadesii

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: Occurs over muddy bottoms in shallow as well as in deep waters. They are found in Africa, mainly Lake Malawai. Life Strategy: These fish are mouth brooders. The females carry the eggs and fry in their moth for about three weeks before releasing them. The females can be isolate to increase survival rate among the fry. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds mainly on snails, preferably of the genera Melanoides and Lanistes. They also eat many types of vegetation.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 66

Common Name: Upside-Down Catfish Scientific Name:

Synodontis Nigriventris

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Siluriformes

Mochokidae

Geography / Habitat: Africa: middle Congo River basin, including Pool Malebo. In areas with lots of rocks and plants. Life Strategy: These fish are known for swimming upside down most of the time. They are oviparous and lay eggs. The young fish do not swim upside-down until they are about two months old. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds mainly at night on insects, crustaceans and plant matter.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Subterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 67

Common Name: Zebra Loach Scientific Name:

Botia striata

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cypriniformes

Cobitidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Western Ghats and Maharashtra in India. Found in clear mountain streams. Life Strategy: No information on breeding in the wild. These fish are manly nocturnal, and hide in grasses or caves during the day. Food / Feed Strategy: These fish are bottom feeders and will scavenge the floors of streams for a variety of foods. They will eat algae, larvae, rotting animals, and anything else they can find on the bottoms of their habitat.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Inferior

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 68

Common Name: Duckbill Catfish Scientific Name:

Sorubim Lima

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Siluriformes

Pimelodidae

Geography / Habitat: Africa: eastern Madagascar. Occurs in coastal rivers, up to an altitude of 500 meters. Life Strategy: A pair lays a small number of eggs among plants every day for a period that span for over a month. The eggs hatch after after 6-7 days. The adults leave egg and fry alone. Food / Feed Strategy: Prefers to eat small insects and benthic organisms.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 69

Common Name: Honey Gourami Scientific Name: Trichogaster chuna

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Osphronemidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: India and Bangladesh. Inhabits pools, ditches, inundated fields, ponds and beels. Occurs in rivers and lakes with vegetation. Life Strategy: The honey gourami is a bubble nest builder that uses plants to help bind together the bubbles. The eggs hatch after 2 days and the fry become free swimming 3 days later. The male will guard the nest until the fry become free swimming. Food / Feed Strategy: This species is an omnivore, and will eat insects off the surface of the water, or floating plant parts.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 70

Common Name: Spotted Snakehead Scientific Name:

Channa punctata

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Channidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Yunnan in China. Found in ponds, swamps, brackish water ditches and beels. Prefers stagnant waters in muddy streams. Life Strategy: Breeds throughout the year. A breeding pair builds a nest where the eggs are laid and guarded by both parents. The female is responsible for the fry while the male protects the area near the fry. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on worms, insects and small fish.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Taeniform Swim / Locomotion Style: Anguilliform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 71

Common Name: Yellow Acara Scientific Name: Aequidens metae

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: Found in rivers and stream in Central and South America. They prefer shallow waters. Life Strategy: Communal parental care, where multiple monogamous pairs care for a mixed school of young. The fish care for and look after both eggs and larvae for extended periods of time. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed mainly on algae and plants, while occasionally eating small invertebrates.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 72

Common Name: Banded Archerfish Scientific Name:

Toxotes jaculatrix

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Toxotidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia and Oceania: India eastward to the Philippines, and south to Indonesia, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, and northern Australia. Occurs primarily in brackish mangrove estuaries, but also penetrates rivers and small streams. Life Strategy: Usually in small aggregations. It is renowned for its ability to 'shoot down' insect prey by expelling beads of water from its mouth with considerable force and for its remarkable ability to compensate for visual refraction when aiming its shoots; shooting range is about 150 cm. The banded archerfish reproduces by spawning. Archerfish lay 20,000 to 150,000 eggs at a time. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds at the surface during daytime on floating debris which includes insects and vegetable matter.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Globiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Supraterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 73

Common Name: Spotfin Tetra

Scientific Name:

Hyphessobrycon socolofi

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Characiformes

Characidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Negro River basin. Life Strategy: They scatter their eggs and guard neither eggs nor young. They will lay the eggs on plant leaves. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds predominantly on small crustaceans, insects, annelid worms, and zooplankton.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 74

Common Name: Swordtail characin Scientific Name: Corynopoma riisei

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Characiformes

Characidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: coastal rivers of Trinidad and northern Venezuela and from the Meta River basin. Life Strategy: The fertilization of the eggs takes place while the eggs are still inside the female. The eggs hatch in 12 days. Food / Feed Strategy: They eat detritus, plant matter, and tiny insects that are found on top of the water.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 73

Common Name: Cherry Barb Scientific Name:

Barbus titteya

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cypriniformes

Cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Kelani to Nilwala basins, Sri Lanka. Occurs mainly in heavily shaded streams and rivulets, preferring shallow, slow-flowing water with silt substrate and leaf debris. Life Strategy: About 200 eggs are scattered among marginal plants. Young hatch in 1-2 days and are free-swimming after 48 hours. The parents will sometimes eat their own eggs. Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous, they will eat; detritus, green algae, diatoms, dipterans and animal matter.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #:76

Common Name: Bulldog Pleco Scientific Name: Chaetostoma milesi Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Siluriformes

Family: Loricariidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Magdalena and Apuré River basins. Lakes and ponds with leafy vegetation on the bottom and also rocky substrate. Life Strategy: These fish lay a cluster of eggs that are sticky and attach to nearby plants or rocks. Food / Feed Strategy: They will eat decaying plants, algae, leftover food from other fish. They are also known to be scavengers.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Subterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 77

Common Name: Blue Streak Hap Scientific Name: Labidochromis Caeruleus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: Africa: Endemic to Lake Malawi. Known only from the northwestern coast of the lake. Life Strategy: This species is a maternal mouthbrooder, meaning the eggs are carried, hatch, and develop in the mother’s mouth (buccal cavity), for about three weeks. These fish are ovophiles and the male will excavate a pit in the sand within his territory, in which the female lays the eggs; the female then takes these eggs into her mouth for fertilization. Food / Feed Strategy: They prefer to eat vegetation growing on lake bottoms, but will occasionally eat small insects.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 78

Common Name: Jack Dempsy Fish Scientific Name:

Rocio octofasciata

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: North and Central America: Atlantic slope from southern Mexico (Papaloapán River) to Honduras (Ulua River).Occurs in swampy areas with warm, murky water. Found in weedy, mud-bottomed and sand-bottomed canals and drainage ditches. Prefers coastal plains and slow moving waters of the lower river valleys Life Strategy: These fish are very protective parents. They will dig a pit on the bottom and line it with flat rocks where they will lay their eggs on. Both parents help incubate the eggs and guard the fry when they hatch. Jack Dempsey's are known to be attentive parents, pre-chewing food to feed to their offspring. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on worms, crustaceans, insects and fish

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Labriform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 79

Common Name: Electric Catfish Scientific Name:

Malapterurus electricus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Siluriformes

Malapteruridae

Geography / Habitat: Africa: occurs in much of the Nile system (exclusive of Lake Victoria), the Lake Turkana, Lake Chad and Senegal basins, throughout the Niger system, and in smaller southward flowing basins in west Africa. Occur among rocks or roots; favors sluggish or standing water. Life Strategy: Active at night, feeding mainly on fish stunned by electric shocks. The electric organ, capable of discharging 300-400 V, is derived from pectoral muscle and surrounds almost the entire body. It is used both for prey capture and defense. Breeding pairs of nest in holes about 3 meters in length excavated in clay banks in water 1–3 meters deep. Food / Feed Strategy: It is an opportunistic feeder and will feed on any readily available prey in the habitat. These fish are slow-moving, deliberate feeders with infrequent, heavy meals. Its electric discharge is used to stun prey.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Amiiform Mouth Position: Subterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 80

Common Name: Blotched Snakehead Scientific Name:

Channa maculata

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Channidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Japan, southern China, Viet Nam, Taiwan and the Philippines. Inhabit silty and weedy bottoms of rivers and ponds or lakes. Life Strategy: These fish build a nest among plants. The eggs floats in the nest and are guarded by both parents. Oviparous. Food / Feed Strategy: Feed on crustaceans, large insects, frogs and fishes.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 81

Common Name: High Backed Pygmy Swordtail Scientific Name:

Ziphophorus multilineatus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cyprinodontiformes

Poeciliidae

Geography / Habitat: Central America: Rio Coy of Rio Panuco basin in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Inhabits fast-flowing river, preponderantly in stands of water plants or below overhanging shore vegetation. Life Strategy: These fish are livebearers. One fertilization can result in several batches of fry since the female can save sperm. The female gives birth to her young among plants. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on insects and some plant material.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Supraterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 82

Common Name: Clown Killifish Scientific Name:

Pseudepiplatys annulatus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cyprinodontiformes

Aplocheilidae

Geography / Habitat: Africa: Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. Occurs in coastal swamps and shallow waters of the coastal areas Life Strategy: The female lays a few eggs every day. Eggs are externally fertilized. The eggs will hatch in 2-3 days. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed primarily on aquatic arthropods such as insect (mosquito) larvae, aquatic crustaceans and worms.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 83

Common Name: Zebra Danio

Scientific Name:

Danio rerio

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cypriniformes

Cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Myanmar. Adults inhabit streams, canals, ditches, ponds and beels. Occur in slow-moving to stagnant standing water bodies, particularly rice-fields and lower reaches of streams. Common in rivulets at foot hills. Life Strategy: A male must be present for ovulation and spawning to occur. Females are able to spawn at intervals of 2–3 days, laying hundreds of eggs in each clutch. Upon release, embryonic development begins; absent sperm, growth stops after the first few cell divisions. Food / Feed Strategy: These fish are omnivorous. It primarily eats zooplankton, insects, insect larvae, and phytoplankton. It can eat a variety of other foods, such as worms and small crustaceans if its preferred sources are not readily available.

• Body Form or Style: • Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 84

Common Name: Indian Glassy Fish Scientific Name: Parambassis ranga

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Perciformes

Ambassidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia and Nepal. Found in sluggish and standing water. A common species proliferating in impoundments. Life Strategy: Breeds everywhere during the rains. Builds a nest and guards its young. The eggs are laid on broad leaved plants. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on invertebrates, worms, and crustaceans.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 85

Common Name: Gray Bichir Scientific Name: Polypterus senegalus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Polypteriformes

Family: Polypterus

Geography / Habitat: Africa: Nile basin and West Africa, including Senegal, Gambia, Niger, Volta and Lake Chad basins. This species inhabits marginal swamps and freshwater lagoons and it appears to favor sheltered inshore habitats. it inhabits the muddy regions at the sides of rivers and swampy waters. Life Strategy: During the hottest hours of the day, it comes to the surface just on the outer edge of the vegetation, and it goes back to the bottom when disturbed. These fish are egg scatterers, and once the eggs are released and fertilized the parents don't show any signs of brood care. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds mainly on fishes, insects, crustaceans, mollusks, frogs as well as on plant fragments and seeds.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 86

Common Name: Wrestling Halfbeak Scientific Name:

Dermogenys pusilla

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Beloniformes

Hemiramphidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Thailand to Indonesia. Also includes India, Myanmar, and Bangladesh. Found in rivers, rivulets, canals, drains, ponds and lakes. Inhabits medium to large rivers, flooded fields and mainly stagnant waters including sluggish flowing canals of the lower Mekong. Most common in areas with floating plants or rooted aquatics that reach the surface. Life Strategy: Larvae and early juveniles are sometimes found in the upper reaches of mangroves during the wet season. A live-bearer species. Broods are small and the female carries the fry for up to eight weeks. The fry are born without the beak, but it will develop as they grow bigger. Food / Feed Strategy: Feed on worms, crustaceans and insects.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Ostraciiform Mouth Position: Supraterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 87

Common Name: Bala Shark Scientific Name: Balantiocheilus melanoptrus Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Mekong and Chao Phraya basins, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo. Becoming rare or extinct in many river basins. Found in midwater depths in large and medium-sized rivers and lakes. Life Strategy: These fish breed when water conditions are right, the eggs will lie on the bottom of the water until they hatch and are on their own from that point onward. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on phytoplankton, but mostly on small crustaceans, rotifers as well as insects and their larvae.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 88

Common Name: Red Piranha Scientific Name:

Pygocentrus nattereri

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Characiformes

Characidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Amazon River basin, Paraguay-Paraná River basin, northeastern Brazilian coastal rivers and Essequibo River basin. Common in creeks and interconnected ponds in Matto Grosso, Brazil, where it influences distribution and feeding of other fish and in areas of high primary production in Rio Machado and Rio Negro Life Strategy: Teeth replacement on alternating sides of jaw allows continuous feeding. Its powerful dentition can inflict serious bites. Has a highly evolved auditory capacity and a 'lurking', then 'dashing' behavior during daytime. Shows hierarchies within small schools. Red-bellied piranha do spawn around April and May during the rainy season. The male will build a dug-out nest in rocks and vegetation, awaiting a female. Females can lay around 600 eggs which the male fertilizes. Males become extremely territorial during spawning, and will prevent other fish from approaching the nest. After the eggs hatch, both parents guard the broods. Food / Feed Strategy: Adults feed mainly at dusk and dawn. Feeds on insects, worms and fish.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Fusiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 89

Common Name: Ram Cichlid Scientific Name:

Mikrogeophagus ramirezi

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Orinoco River basin, in the llanos of Venezuela and Colombia. The species is typically found where cover in the form of aquatic or submersed vegetation is available and the water is slow moving. Life Strategy: Once paired after courting they will generally clean off a rock at the spawning point. Some will lay on the rock, while some will lay on the substrate around it. Both the male and the female take turn guarding the eggs and caring for them. Food / Feed Strategy: These fish are omnivores and will eat a wide variety of foods. Plants, crustaceans, insects, ect.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 90

Common Name: Duckbill Catfish Scientific Name:

Sorubim Lima

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Siluriformes

Pimelodidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Amazon, Orinoco, Paraná and Parnaíba River basins. Like areas with lots of plants and rocks to hide in during the daytime. Life Strategy: Not much information on breeding. They have been observed in captivity to excavate a small pit as a nest and even guarding freshly hatched young. Occurs in schools. Is mainly nocturnal. Will sometimes rest in vertical position to blend in with reeds and grasses. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds primarily on fishes and crustaceans.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Sagiitiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 91

Common Name: Tiger Barb Scientific Name:

Puntius tetrazona

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cypriniformes

Cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Sumatra and Borneo. Introduced widely and has been reared in several countries in facilities for breeding aquarium fishes. Tiger barbs have been reported to be found in clear or turbid shallow waters of moderately flowing streams. Life Strategy: The egg-layers tend to spawn several hundred eggs in the early morning in clumps of plants. Spawned eggs are adhesive and negatively buoyant. Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on worms, small crustaceans and plant matter.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 92

Common Name: Zebrafish Scientific Name:

Danio rerio

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cypriniformes

Cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Myanmar, reported from Bhutan. Adults inhabit streams, canals, ditches, ponds and beels. Occur in slow-moving to stagnant standing water bodies, particularly rice-fields and lower reaches of streams. Common in rivulets at foot hills. Life Strategy: Appears to be primarily an annual breeding species in the wild, the spawning season starting just before the onset of the monsoon and food availability also acts as cue for breeding. Females can lay hundreds of eggs in a clutch. Food / Feed Strategy: The zebrafish is omnivorous. It primarily eats zooplankton, insects, insect larvae, and phytoplankton. It can eat a variety of other foods, such as worms and small crustaceans.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Sagittiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 93

Common Name: Sterbai Cory Cat Scientific Name:

Corydoras Sterbai

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Siluriformes

Family:

Callichthyidae

Geography / Habitat: Found throughout South American rivers and streams. Life Strategy: The male will clamp the barbells of the female during the fertilization of eggs. The female attaches the eggs to a leaf or another smooth surface. Food / Feed Strategy: These fish are bottom feeders and will eat fallen plant matter, tiny insects in the bottom, or anything they can find that has floated down.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunniform Mouth Position: Subterminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 94

Common Name: Common Carp

Scientific Name:

Cyprinus carpio carpio

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cypriniformes

Cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: Europe to Asia: Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins. Inhabit warm, deep, slow-flowing and still waters such as lowland rivers and large, well vegetated lakes. Hardy and tolerant of a wide variety of conditions but generally favor large water bodies with slow flowing or standing water and soft bottom sediments. Thrive in large turbid rivers. Life Strategy: Spawns along shores or in backwaters. Adults often undertake considerable spawning migration to suitable backwaters and flooded meadows. Larvae survive only in very warm water among shallow submerged vegetation. Most active at dusk and dawn. Food / Feed Strategy: Both adults and juveniles feed on a variety of benthic organisms and plant material.

• Body Form or Style: Carangiform • Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform • Mouth Position: Terminal Citation: Search FishBase. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.fishbase.org/search.php>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 95

Common Name: Speckled Platy Scientific Name:

Xiphophorus kosszanderi

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Cyprinodontiformes

Poeciliidae

Geography / Habitat: Found in Freshwater throughout South America. They like to school in areas with floating plants. Life Strategy: They are livebearers that gives birth to fully developed fry among plants and vegetation. A female can produce several batches of fry from a single fertilization. Food / Feed Strategy: They eat small bugs and plant matter.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Subcarangiform Mouth Position: Terminal

Title: Freshwater Fish

Species #: 96

Common Name: Flagtail Catfish Scientific Name:

Dianema urostriatum

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order:

Family:

Siluriformes

Callichthyidae

Geography / Habitat: South America: Amazon River basin. Found in rivers and pools. Life Strategy: They spawn over substrate and are known for building bubble nests. These floating nests are made of foam and vegetal debris. Spawning and caring for the eggs and larvae takes place in these nests. Food / Feed Strategy: These fish are scavengers and feed off fallen plant material, crustaceans, insects, ect, that they cfind on the bottom of their habitat.

• • •

Body Form or Style: Compressiform Swim / Locomotion Style: Carangiform Mouth Position: Subterminal

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 101

Common Name: Pom Pom Crab Scientific Name: Lybia tesselata

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family: Xanthidae

Geography / Habitat: It is found in oceans from Hawaii to Indonesia. Life Strategy: This crab carries an anemone in each claw which it uses for defense. Besides defense, the crab will also use the anemones to mop up food off of the rocks and substrate. It raises these anemones at would be predators and aids in cleaning the aquarium of any leftover food and detritus. Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivores, feeding primarily on algae,] and taking any other food, including mollusks, worms, other crustaceans, fungi, bacteria and detritus.

• Body Form or Style: N/A • Swim / Locomotion Style: N/A • Mouth Position: N/A Citation: Aquarium Fish: Tropical Freshwater Fish and Saltwater Fish for Home Aquariums. Web. 10 Dec. 2011. <http://www.liveaquaria.com/>. Name, Common. "Marine Fish Species." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. <http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/>.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 102

Common Name: Bumblebee Sea Snail Scientific Name: Pusiostoma mendicaria

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Class:

Order:

Family:

Gastropoda

Mollusca Buccinoidea

Buccinidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found around the Marshall Islands. Life Strategy: The female lays spongy egg capsules with hundreds of eggs. These form round clusters or a towershaped masses. Only about 10% of these eggs hatch. The larvae then feed on the rest of the eggs that haven't yet hatched. Food / Feed Strategy: They clean away detritus, including uneaten meaty foods and decomposing organisms.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 103

Common Name: Banded Coral Shrimp Scientific Name: Stenopus hispidus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Stenopodidae

Geography / Habitat: Native to the oceans of Indonesia, Stenopus hispidus is perhaps the most widely distributed shrimp in the sea. It usually hangs upside-down in caves or crevices, with only its antennae emerging from the hole. Life Strategy: Specific behavior consists of an elaborate dance by the male, positioning above the female and placement of the sperm-sac in a special pouch for release later by the female. Eggs are laid and fertilized shortly after and adhered to her underside. The young hatch out and continue to live attached to the female for some six weeks, then swim off to the upper water column as plankton, settling after a period of time and molts. Food / Feed Strategy: It is a cleaner shrimp, and advertises to passing fish by slowly waving its long, white antennae. The remove parasites or fungi from the fish and use that as food.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 104

Common Name: Turban Snail Scientific Name: Tectus fenestratus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Mollusca

Class:

Order:

Family:

Gastropoda

Trochoidea

Turbinidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in holes and crevices of the reef in the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Life Strategy: The Turban Snail will expel their gametes, temporarily making the water cloudy. In a few months tiny Turban Snails will be visible on the glass and substrate when the lights have gone off. As they grow the Turban Snails will venture out into bright light during the day. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed mainly off of algae and seaweed.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 105

Common Name: Tiger Cowry Scientific Name: Cypraea tigris

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Mollusca

Class:

Order: Cypraeoidea

Family:

Gastropoda Cypraeidae

Geography / Habitat: It can be found under rocks or resting on soft corals during the day, foraging for food mostly at night. The tiger cowry is found on the ocean floor in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, across the waters of Micronesia and Polynesia, the Coral Sea and around the Philippines. Life Strategy: As is the case in almost all cypraeids, two lateral extensions of the mantle are able to extend so as to cover the shell completely, meeting at the midline of the dorsal surface. The mantle can also withdraw into the shell opening when threatened. In this species, the exterior surface of the mantle has numerous pin-like projections that are white-tipped. Food / Feed Strategy: While small, it will eat some algae and scavenge for scraps, but as an adult, it will eat some anemones, sponges, and soft corals

Title: Freshwater Invertebrates

Species #: 106

Common Name: Red Cherry Shrimp Scientific Name: Neocaridina denticulata sinensis

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Atyidae

Geography / Habitat: Singapore, rivers and streams. Life Strategy: The female will carry a clutch of yellowish eggs under her tail until they hatch in about 30 days. The newly born shrimp will look like miniature adult shrimp and will eat the same thing as the adults. Food / Feed Strategy: Red Cherry Shrimp are omnivores that will consume algae, detritus and left over food.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 107

Common Name: Peppermint Shrimp Scientific Name: Lysmata wurdemanni

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Hippolytidae

Geography / Habitat: Its range extends along the Atlantic seaboard of the United States from Long Island to Florida, and along the Gulf of Mexico from Florida to Port Aransas, Texas. Life Strategy: Males use olfactory organs (aesthetascs) on their antennnules to detect soluble female sex pheromones (distance pheromones). These pheromones are released 2–8 hours prior to female moulting. Guided by these chemical signals, males make their way to the female and will approach her. The male will then 'taste' the female's contact pheromones with his aesthetascs to make sure she is a suitable mate. If the chemicals are right, courtship may commence and, if courtship goes well, copulation will ensue. Food / Feed Strategy: It is a cleaner shrimp, and advertises to passing fish by slowly waving its long, white antennae. The remove parasites or fungi from the fish and use that as food.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 108

Common Name: Blue Tuxedo Urchin Scientific Name: Mespilia globulus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Class:

Order:

Family:

Echinoidea

Echinodermata Camarodonta

Temnopleuridae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the Indo-Pacific region among coral reefs. Life Strategy: During the day, it will hide among the rocks, in crevices, or under plants in a sandy substrate. At night, it will emerge to graze on the algae present in or near its home. The Tuxedo Pincushion Urchin generally roams alone. The eggs are free floating. The fertilized egg develops into a free-swimming blastula embryo in as little as twelve hours. Initially a simple ball of cells, the blastula soon transforms into a cone-shaped echinopluteus larva. Food / Feed Strategy: They feed mainly on algae, but can also feed on sea cucumbers, and a wide range of invertebrates such as mussels, polychaetes, sponges, brittle stars and crinoids

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 109

Common Name: Camel Shrimp Scientific Name: Rhynchocinetes durbanensis

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Rhynchocinetidae

Geography / Habitat: Found in tropical waters among coral reefs. Found around the Bahamas area. Life Strategy: It prefers to congregate with other shrimp of its kind in rock crevasses, under overhangs, or in the coral rubble. It especially needs hiding places when it is molting. Food / Feed Strategy: It is a cleaner shrimp, and advertises to passing fish by slowly waving its long, white antennae. The remove parasites or fungi from the fish and use that as food.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 110

Common Name: Serpent Sea Star Scientific Name: Ophiolepsis superba

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Class:

Order:

Family:

Ophiuroidea

Echinodermata Ophiurida

Ophiuridae

Geography / Habitat: Native to reefs around the world, Caribbean, Eastern Asia, and Fiji. Life Strategy: This is a mainly nocturnal sea star. It will stay buried in the sand until the sun sets and then will set out to feed. Food / Feed Strategy: Small organic particles are moved into the mouth by the tube feet, and they may also prey on small crustaceans or worms.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 111

Common Name: Anemone Shrimp Scientific Name: Thor amboinensis

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Hippolytidae

Geography / Habitat: It is found across the Indo-West Pacific and in parts of the Atlantic Ocean. It lives on corals, sea anemones and other animals in shallow reef communities. Life Strategy: When walking, Thor amboinensis sways its abdomen back and forth with exotic flair. They are usually found in small groups and develop a family community. Food / Feed Strategy: These shrimps are scavengers and will eat plankton, detritus, algae, ect.

Title: Freshwater Invertebrates

Species #: 112

Common Name: Blue Knight Lobster Scientific Name: Cherax destructor

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Parastacidae

Geography / Habitat: They are common throughout Victoria and New South Wales, although the species also occurs in southern Queensland, South Australia and parts of the Northern Territory, making it the most widespread Australian crayfish. They are found in swamps, streams, rivers, reservoirs and farm dams at low to medium elevations. Life Strategy: The females will carry the eggs under their tails Food / Feed Strategy: These Lobsters are omnivorous, and will act as a scavenger.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 113

Common Name: Sand Sifting Sea Star Scientific Name: Astropecten polyacanthus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Class:

Order: Paxillosida

Family:

Asteroidea

Echinodermata

Astropectinidae

Geography / Habitat: It is found throughout the Indo-Pacific region from the Red Sea and Zanzibar to Hawaii, and Japan to Australia and New Zealand. Life Strategy: Adults lack an anus and have no suckers on their tube feet. They do not develop the brachiolaria stage in their early development. They possess marginal plates, and have sessile pedicellariae. Food / Feed Strategy: Like other starfish, Astropecten polycanthus efficiently consumes mass amounts of detritus and uneaten foods. This nocturnally active member of the Astropectinidae family can move large amounts of sand as it burrows into the substrate in its search for food. Sand Sifting Sea Star will also consume small invertebrates, including shrimp, urchins, mollusks, bivalves, or other small sea stars.

Title: Freshwater Invertebrates

Species #: 114

Common Name: Freshwater Clam Scientific Name: C orbicula flum inea

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Class:

Order: Veneroida

Family:

Bivalvia

Mollusca

Corbiculidae

Geography / Habitat: Florida. Life Strategy: It typically buries itself in the substrate. However, spotting its siphon protrude from the substrate is truly captivating to observe. This variety of the Corbiculidae family only reaches a length of about 2". Food / Feed Strategy: The Freshwater Clam obtains its nutrition from filtering food and detritus from the water column.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 115

Common Name: Blood Red Fire Shrimp Scientific Name: Lysmata debelius

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Hippolytidae

Geography / Habitat: The Blood Red Fire Shrimp prefers a habitat providing it with a cave or overhang where the lighting is not too intense. Lives in the Indo-Pacific region. Life Strategy: Males use olfactory organs (aesthetascs) on their antennnules to detect soluble female sex pheromones (distance pheromones). These pheromones are released 2–8 hours prior to female moulting. Guided by these chemical signals, males make their way to the female and will approach her. They will produce zoeae weekly. Food / Feed Strategy: As a "cleaner shrimp," it will set up cleaning stations and remove dead tissue and parasites from fish that present themselves. It will also scavenge for meaty bits along the substrate bottom.

Title: Freshwater Invertebrates

Species #: 116

Common Name: Gold Rabbit Snail Scientific Name: Tylomelania gemmifera

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Class:

Order:

Gastropoda

Mollusca Cerithioidea

Family: Pachychilidae

Geography / Habitat: Indonesia. Found exclusively in Lake Matano in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Life Strategy: Oviparous. The Gold Rabbit Snail Tylomelania gemmifera is most striking because it appears to have a bunny "face," with an elongated head, drooping yellow antennae "ears," and a long, downturned mouth. Using its muscular foot to move along the substrate in loping, deliberate "steps," arching and dragging its spiraling unicorn-horn shell as it goes. They are one of the rare snails who deliver 1-3 perfectly formed "babies" in individual milky-white egg sacs. Food / Feed Strategy: They make excellent cleanup crews, seeking out leftover food and vacuuming up detritus from the substrate. They will also consume algae and plant matter, occasionally eating aquarium plants like Java Ferns.

Title: Freshwater Invertebrates

Species #: 117

Common Name: Singapore Flower Shrimp Scientific Name: Atyopsis moluccensis

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Atyidae

Geography / Habitat: The Singapore Flower Shrimp comes from the fast moving waters of rivers and streams within Asia. Life Strategy: They are interesting shrimp that are able to change colors very rapidly. Their coloration will range from tan to dark brown, and at times, even a bright red. The conditions that cause these shrimp to change color are unknown, but it is speculated that either their mood or the need for camouflage are the reasons. Food / Feed Strategy: Singapore Flower Shrimp are omnivores that will consume algae, detritus and left over food from both the water column and the substrate. They will vigorously fan the water column during feeding to filter out any food that they can catch.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 118

Common Name: Electric Blue Hermit Crab Scientific Name: Calcinus elegans

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Diogenidae

Geography / Habitat: The Electric Blue Hermit Crab, a very rare find, originates exclusively from the Marshall Islands. Life Strategy: It is sometimes known as "left-handed hermit crabs" because in contrast to most other hermit crabs, it is the left chela (claw) that is enlarged instead of the right. The young develop in stages. Food / Feed Strategy: It will eat algae including green hair algae and cyanobacteria.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 119

Common Name: Dwarf Colored Feather Duster Scientific Name:

Bispira sp

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Class:

Order:

Family:

Polychaeta

Annelida Canalipalpata

Sabellidae

Geography / Habitat: The Dwarf Colored Feather Duster is usually found in the coral rubble at the base of the reef, with some of the rubble being incorporated into its parchment-like tubes. Life Strategy: The Dwarf Colored Feather Duster protects its segmented body by secreting a parchment tube to cover itself. When it is disturbed or threatened, it can quickly pull its radiole into the tube. If the Dwarf Colored Feather Duster is severely stressed, it will discard its crown, growing it back later. Food / Feed Strategy: Like other members of the Sabellidae family, the Dwarf Colored Feather Duster uses its radiole to filter out small floating organisms, which it directs toward its mouth, located at the center of the crown. Its main food source is plankton.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 120

Common Name: Disorted Nassa Scientific Name: Nassarius distortus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Mollusca

Class:

Order:

Buccinoidea

Family:

Gastropoda Nassariidae

Geography / Habitat: This species is distributed in the Indo-West Pacific. Life Strategy: Its oval, spiral shell is often said to resemble an olive pit, but it is much more ornate and elegant in its beauty. The most striking physical characteristic, however, is the long, tube-like siphon that protrudes from one end of the shell. This siphon is used to breathe while the Super Nassarius Snail is buried in the substrate foraging for food. Food / Feed Strategy: They have a very good sense of smell and can find food in a wide area. They forage for detritus mainly, but will also eat different meaty foods.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 121

Common Name: Electric Orange Hermit Crab Scientific Name: Calcinus cf elegans

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family: Diogenidae

Geography / Habitat: The Electric Orange Hermit Crab is native to the Hawaiian Islands. Wild species make its home in abandoned snail or triton shells Life Strategy: It has bright orange legs with brown banding. Unlike many members of the Diogenidae family, however, the Electric Orange Hermit Crab has unusually blue eyes. Like its Electric Blue cousin, this hermit crab grows to a considerable 2" size. Food / Feed Strategy: Consumes large amounts of algae, uneaten fish food, and detritus and pick amongst substrate and reef crevices for algae, seaweed, and other food sources.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 122

Common Name: Fancy Brittle Sea Star Scientific Name: Ophiure protoreaster

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Echinodermata

Class:

Order:

Family:

Ophiuroidea

Ophiurida

Ophiuridae

Geography / Habitat: The Fancy Brittle Star originates from the reefs of Tonga and the Indo Pacific. Life Strategy: The arm spines short and movable. They lie flat against the arms when stimulated, but held erect when the brittle star is at rest. Disc and arms are covered in naked, distinct scales. The scales are situated at both sides of the disc. They brood developing larvae in the bursae, effectively giving birth to live young. Food / Feed Strategy: The legs also have many spines that aid the starfish in finding food. At night, it comes out to eat detritus and small organisms.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 123

Common Name: Pincushion Urchin Scientific Name: Lytechinus variegatus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Echinodermata

Class:

Order:

Temnopleuroida

Family:

Echinoidea Toxopneustidae

Geography / Habitat: Found in the warm waters of the western Atlantic Ocean. It generally hides in caves during the day, though it may make a burrow in thick substrates. Life Strategy: They move about by its suctorial podia that are aligned in five doubled rows. The Pincushion Urchin has an oval to round body covered with hundreds of uniform spines. Food / Feed Strategy: At night, it comes out to graze on algae. It may also prey on some of the sessile invertebrates in the reef system.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 124

Common Name: Scarlet Skunk Cleaner Shrimp Scientific Name: Lysmata amboinensis

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Malacostraca

Order: Decapoda

Family:

Hippolytidae

Geography / Habitat: The Scarlet Skunk Cleaner Shrimp is often found in groups amongst live rock or coral. They are found throughout Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Life Strategy: This shrimp is a hermaphrodite and therefore any two individuals may mate. Food / Feed Strategy: This active cleaner will set up shop on live rock or coral outcroppings and wait for fish to come and be cleaned of ectoparasites or dead tissue. Many fish value its services so highly that they even allow the Scarlet Skunk Cleaner Shrimp to clean inside of their mouths without harming the shrimp.

Title: Saltwater Invertebrates

Species #: 125

Common Name: Gold Sea Star Scientific Name: Astropecten aranciacus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum:

Class: Asteroidea

Order:

Family:

Echinodermata Paxillosida

Astropectinidae

Geography / Habitat: These sea stars live very near the coast, and at low tide it buries itself in the sand. They live on sandy, muddy or gravel bottoms at depths between 2 and 100 m. Life Strategy: They like to bury themselves in the sand showing only the centre of its upper side which is swollen in the form of a cone. This cone acts like a sense organ. When it is touched, the cone contracts and the starfish buries itself on the sand again. Then at high tide, the starfish reappears on the surface of the water. It buries itself in the sand to shield parts of its body from the rays of the sun, especially the bottom surface which has no colored pigment and is therefore particularly sensitive. Food / Feed Strategy: This sea star is a carnivore and feeds on mollusks, which it catches with its arms and then takes to the mouth. The prey is then trapped by the long, moving prickles around the mouth cavity.