MMIA mag issue #2
Romant icism
Realism
Once upon a t ime... Impressionism
exhibiting now at MMFA
29-11 -2012
MMIA mag Table of content Introduction
4
Romanticism
6-7
Realism
8-10
Impresionism
11-15
Conclusion
16
Extra
17
Roberto Hache Perozo (9045902)
2
Introduction: Major Movements in Art is a magazine dedicated to promoting and constantly recognize the importance of the history of art and how its evolution has led us the art world we live in today. In this issue of MMIA we will explore the emotional works of Romanticism and how artists of the movement where lead by their feelings instead of their knowledge letting emotions take care of the canvas. Moving away from intuition and the exploration of our natural love for nature, this issue will also explore Realism, a movement that grew out of artist that had enough about feelings and decided to express what the eye saw at its most precise detail. Realism explored themes of everyday life and immortalized in the form of an art piece. Like all styles realism became overrated according to Impressionism founder; Claude Monet who took into his own hands with the help of his roommates and created a style that focused of the first impression of a quick glance of a landscape. Also included is our visit to the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts's exhibit “Once upon a time... Impressionism�.
Romant icism The Romantic movement was dominated by the rejection of the intellectual and embraced intuition and emotion. It promoted freedom of expression and artist began to paint what they felt, emotion where plastered into canvases. German painter Caspar David Friedrich defined it as :� the artist's feeling is his law�. The era was not only defined by painters but was really pushed forward by writers such as Edgar Allan Poe,view on art emphasized that diction and intellect had nothing to do with art world. He rather have emotion in his work and because he did, hi work were very dramatic and felt very real. His characters usually relied on intuition instead of rationality. He was a fan of the strange and bizarre to take the reader out of his comfort zone and make him analyze pure emotion. A vast selection of artist where attached to the importance of nature, this is seen in many paintings and writings by artists of the era. Romantics did not trust the man world and believed that the connection to nature was mentally and morally healthy, which is why they spent a lot of alone time in nature to receive a source of inspiration.
Caspar David Friedrich (September 5, 1774 – May 7, 1840) was a German Romanticism landscape painter and was considered one of the most important German artists of his generation. His landscapes usually where compounded by night, morning mists and Gothic ruins. He looked for an emotional response to the natural world. He usually included human presence in his work to define his connection to nature.
Artist: Caspar David Friedrich Title: The wanderer above the sea of fog. Year: 1818 Medium: oil on canvas Size: 98 x 74 cm
In his work :“The wanderer above the sea of fog� Friedrich show a number of melancholic emotion, while looking at it the connection to nature is inevitable. At first glance it brings a feeling of peace and calls out for a gasp of air. It could not be a more perfect example of what Romanticism expresses. The foreground a man is spotted standing on a rock facing the background, his figure and the rock he stands on form a triangle on top of that his stance and his cane form another triangle. The middle ground presents a similar rock to the one he stands on which also the triangle form. Two lines join in the middle of the man representing the joint of two mountains which itself forms an upside down three sided sided polygon, this gives balance to the composition as it separates the middle. That being said it can be agreed that the composition is none the less triangular, but the artist did not stop there as the background holds another mountain which we all know what form it has. His cane is a line that goes from his waist to the floor. The bottom of his coat with his leg and the ground form a rectangle and in the far background a rocky mountain forms another one. A space between his right arm and his body form a diamond like polygon. The contrast is in the main rock as its dark color gives brighter light to the background and makes its color pop. The colors used are very light blue for the clouds and sky and a dark brown for the rocks, leaving only little space for green in the lower parts of the mountain. The only other color used is yellow for the man's head giving the composition a central point that catches the eye.
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Realism
In the art world, realism is the representation of subjects just as they are in reality. Realism leaves no place for interpretation, its name also leaves no room for interpretation. Beginning in 1850 's France after the revolution, realist artists positioned themselves against the previous era of Romanticism in search for an true reality and leaving behind all feelings and emotions. Many realists wanted trust and accuracy as they began to grow bored of the Romantic view. Painters started representing everyday characters, situations, dilemmas and objects and tried to stay true to life.
Jean Baptiste Camille Corot (July 16, 1796 - February 22, 1875) was a French landscape painter and printmaker, leading the painting department in the Barbizon school of France. Before Corot made such and impact at Barbizon, he had been given a scholarship for high school which he lost for not achieving the standards of a good student. Even when he went to boarding school Corot never got recognized for anything, not even in drawing class. It was not until he moved on his own and created his studio that he became known for his work and got into the honour role at Barbizon school of France.
First Leaves, near Nantes was completed in 1855, five years after the movement began. It is one of Corot' s famous landscapes composed linearly by three grounds. Al three ground are divided by horizontal lines. There are many trees who's leaves are almost all gone. The trees are made by vertical lines all across the painting that go from the ground all the way to the up, the top of the trees are not seen. Space between trees form rectangles across the scene and on the left side on the crossing of two trees a triangle is formed. Light is coming from the left giving a dark contrast to the right side of each tree. A yellow path crosses from the left almost all the way to the right side of the piece, in the middle two people are seen standing, while a third person stands in the middle of the bushes close to the bottom right corner. The sky is light blue with white clouds. The final color is green which predominates all around the composition. The trees branches are pointing towards the top left giving movement to the piece in that same direction.
Artist: Jean Baptiste Camille Corot Title: First Leaves, near Nantes Year: 1855 Medium: oil on canvas Size: 30 x 22 cm
Once upon a t ime... Impressionism
exhibiting now at MMFA
The first artistic revolution and began in France in the 1860's. It was the basis for various art movements.Breaking from what was traditional from Renaissance, Impressionism dealt with shadows and colors that had not been explored before. The artists discovered new physics of color to achieve a more exact representation of color and tone. Everything became a method; big strokes became smaller and more colorful. Going outside and exploring new reflections and expressions of light of different shapes and surfaces gave the artwork a much more realistic look. Impressionist art is a style that captured the shape of objects as if someone just had a quick look of it. Outdoors became very popular in the movement; paintings had a lot of color. Pictures where very bright and vibrant. Artists did not spend a lot of time in details, but more on short bold brush strokes. Some of the most recognized artists were Edgar Degas, Alfred Sisley, Claude Monet, Edouard Manet, Pierre Auguste Renoir and Camille Pissaro.
Claude Monet (14 November, 1840 - December 5th, 1926.) founder of Impressionism in Paris, Monet was a painter of landscape. At a young age, his teacher Eugene Boudin from Le Havre taught him to paint in the open air. He became close friend with CĂŠzane and Renoir when he moved back to Paris. At the beginning of the 1860's, he sought for a new style recording impressions rather than perfect recreations of landscape. He organized his first exhibition in 1874 with his friends who produced this style, Impressionism; a name given to them by journalist Louis Leroy. This movement lasted for about 20 years.
Artist: Claude Monet Title: Tulip Fields with the Rjnsburg Windmill Year: 1886 Medium: oil on canvas Size: 65.6 x 81.5 cm In this piece Monet presents an open field with a windmill in the middle as the main focus of the painting that also gives movement to it. It has a linear composition with a line that divided the sky from the ground right though the middle. It also ha many lines that represent the different part of the field moving diagonally from the bottom right to the middle left. The positioning of the lines give perceptive to the painting. The canvas is divided into two rectangles, the bottom is full bright colors characteristic of Impressionism, a wide range from red green yellow and some orange the colors represent flowers, but the brush strokes do not go into detail but rather a general perception of the whole image. A sort of barn stands on the right side of the painting and it is the highest contrast of the picture as a lot of black and dark colors give a dark tone to that side. The sky goes from bright blue to a softer blue mixed with the white clouds. Brushstrokes in the sky go from bottom left to right in a diagonal line upwards direction while in the bottom the brushstrokes are going from right to left also going up. This creates effect that turns the eye into the horizon.
Artist: Claude Monet Title: The Cliffs at Etretat Year: 1885 Medium: oil on canvas Size: 65 x 81.1 cm This landscape by Monet is my favourite piece by the artist, it was my favourite part of the museum visit. The piece is not only one of the artist's most famous painting but it relaxes the vision and gives a sensation of peace. It has three fields of depth in a linear composition with a horizontal line representing the horizon. The landscape is divided in two main rectangles, the sky being the biggest one. Many shapes are place in the composition the main one being a triangle that represents a rock, second is another rock in the rectangle form which has a little opening in the form of a triangle and the third rock which is the closest to the viewpoint has the shape of a circle. The light comes from the top right but only hits the top of the rocks and the background.Yellow is the color of light on the rocks and red portrays some sort of dry vegetation at the top of the highest point of the rock. Contrast is made on the lower parts of the rocks and also in the detailing of the circle shaped rock. Beige is at the shore fading into dark blue mixed with white brushstrokes that give movement to the water. A reflection of the lonely triangle rock is presented with small yellow strokes. Short brushstrokes that characterize Impressionism go from side to side. The sky fades from a light green to blue and the clouds are white but slightly match the yellow rocks. In the far background, right underneath the horizon a bright green line shows the light hitting the sea.
Artist: Claude Monet Title: Impression Sunrise Year: 1872 Medium: oil on canvas Size: 48 x 63 cm Impression Sunrise is one of Monet's earlier works in impressionism, it focuses so much on the impression of a glance that it almost seems abstract. For this piece Monet show more light and very little contrast. Everything is mixed together, there are no sharp line of define shapes with the exception of the sun which is a circle acting as the main source of light which reflects itself on the water in a vertical line. A horizontal line representing land, separates the water and sky. The top part of the painting is yellow, with thick short brushstrokes from side to side Monet illuminates the sky. On the left side of the background a structure is represented with vertical and horizontal line that form some sort of building or docking port, which is symmetrically reflected on the water. In the foreground a boat is spotted with a man standing on boat and a head suggests there is another one sitting on the boat, this is the most contrasted part of the piece and it is at the center with short dark green strokes that surround the boat give the sensation of movement.
Conclusion:
The creation of this magazine issue had helped understand the concepts of all three Major Movements in Art that where explored. Analyzing each paint from its composition to its elements of design gave better perspective of the creating process of each artist from the various movements.The analytical process enlightened the meaning of creating you own style and breaking away from what is expected, creating something new that the eye can appreciate and accept is no easy task, that is why all artist require a lot of time and thinking in order to be successful.
Bibliography: http://www.artmovements.co.uk/impressionism.htm
http://www.claudemonetworks.com/
http://www.wikipaintings.org/en/camille-corot/voltarra-the-citadel-1834#supersized-artistPaintings-199516
https://sites.google.com/a/z28.eklp.info/hy/8
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gustave_Courbet_010.jpg
http://www.jean-baptiste-camille-corot.org/
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Claude_Monet_The_Cliffs_at_Etretat.jpg
http://arthistory.about.com/od/from_exhibitions/ig/renoir_landscapes_07/186583_18.htm
http://www.caspardavidfriedrich.org/
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Monet_Tulip_Fields_With_The_Rijnsburg_Windmill_1886.jpg http://www.mbam.qc.ca/impressionnisme/HTML/en/index.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Caspar_David_Friedrich_032_(The_wanderer_above_the_sea_of_fog).jpg
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TEACHERâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S COMMENTS Comments to be shared between the following two (2) parties: Kathryn Kelly and Roberto Hache Perozo (9045902)
Creative Arts and Literature Fall 2012, Source: Kathryn Kelly