JINGYUAN WANG

补 The 丁 Story of 记 Mending

Guanlan Shenzhen

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Content 01

Background:The issue with Demolition in China

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Site information

Background: The issue with Demolition in China

Working with heritage building: Mending an old man as a metaphor

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Redefining the meaning of heritage buildings: Culture references

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Process and Proposal: The story of Mending

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The issue of Demolition in China

Crazy 20 years More than 30,000 historic sites list have vanished, in part due to China’s aggressive development, survey finds.

The China of 2000 ,the Qianmen area in Beijing is undergoing large-scale redevelopment.

Photograph: Adrian Bradshaw/EPA

In twenty years, China has impressively modernized, replacing crumbling historical architecture,grey dirt and weeds with wide boulevards crowded with late model cars, ultramodern bridges, subways, and skyscrapers.

However, China’s aggressive development has swallowed up tens of thousands of historic sites in the last three decades, experts conducting a national survey have warned.

The China of 2000, with its rolling rocks and hand-made huts, has been transformed. The country’s urban regions are humming with growth. Uniform buildings sit shoulder to shoulder.

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Swaths of Beijing’s historic courtyard homes have fallen to the wrecking ball in just the last decade.

The old town in Dinghai, Zhejiang and Shenzhen has been almost completely destroyed. The Shanghai family home of the famed architect IM Pei, supposedly protected by the city, has gone.

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The issue of Demolition in China

Heritage Building Restoration Principle

Yongdingmen was the former front gate of the outer city of Beijing’s old city wall. Originally built in 1553 during Ming Dynasty, it was torn down in the 1957s to make way for the new road system in Beijing.

China strategy

ICOMOS

•‘Restoring the old as it was’ refers to the original form as the essential aspect of architectural authenticity.

• Restoration process is “to preserve and reveal the aesthetic and historic value of the monument and is based on respect for original material and authentic documents”(ICOMOS1965, Article 9).

•Restoration, as defined in the charter, “must stop at the point where conjecture begins, and in this case moreover any extra work which is indispensable must be distinct from the architectural composition and must bear a contemporary stamp,”

•Following the original designs, using the original materials, adopting the original procedure, and applying the original techniques.

•local understanding of authenticity on heritage sites

In 2005, the Yongdingmen was reconstructed at the site of the old city gate.

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The issue of Demolition in China

Community Destruction In the last decade, around 900,000 historical villages have disappeared, an average of 250 villages a day all in the name of redevelopment.

Children play in the ruins of a residential neighborhood in the process of being demolished / AP

Between 2011 and 2013, development has spread to neighboring towns and communities, forcing them to abandon their traditional rural character and adopt a shiny new urbanized mode.

Dwellers are worried, they have a lot to lose.

Their houses have survived centuries of war and revolution, the strain of collective ownership, and the turbulence of early economic reform. Passed down from generation to generation, they are often the last-remaining monuments to entire family lines.

Before and After: A shrouded building awaits demolition while a man holds a photograph of its former glory.

(Image from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn)

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The issue of Demolition in China

Controversial issues Heritage Protection or Tourism Develop?

Kuanzai Alley in Chendu used to be a residence area from the Qing dynasty. Its historical and cultural background shape its unique architectural style: a combination of both complete city pattern and barracks , both hutongs from the north of China and courtyards from Sichuan.

Aside from real estate interests, historic sites are also being redeveloped in the name of cultural tourism.

In a paper tackling the sustainability of China’s heritage sites, Dan Liao noted that “tourism development and cultural heritage management have an awkward relationship.�

Tourism generates revenue which can be used for the preservation of those sites. However, over-commercialization can lead to eager renovations of the old historic buildings, often at the expense of sacrificing cultural authenticity and the environment.

In 2015, this area are redeveloped into a shopping street for culture tourism. The government only preserve six heritage buildings on this site and demolishing all the surrounding building and rebuilt they on the original site. they use similar materials, same color,compatible with heritage building decorative features to mislead visitors.

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Guanlan Shenzhen

02 Site Information

Guanlan historic “shophouse” once serviced Shenzhen’s busy river trade, but following the rapid urbanization of Shenzhen in 1979.

Guanlan district became redundant and fell into disrepair.

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Site information Shenzhen does not have a history and culture since 1979, people said it is “a small fishing village�. But Actually, before 1979, Shenzhen not only had towns, but also a complete spatial evolution history from modern to contemporary.

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The site Guanlan, used to be one of the important quay in Shenzhen that connect Guandong, Hongkong and overseas. Hakka People form Hongkong and overseas settled in this area around 1912.

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Site Information

Building Typology Western Style Facade 4F

Exposure to foreign ideas created a very typical architectural style that combination of both western architecture faรงade and original shop layout from China.

3F

2F

Window ornament

Enframed scenery

1F

Wall painting

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Manchuria window

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Site Information

Type 1:

Kitchen

Kitchen

Building Typology

bedroom

bedroom Storage

Traditional Chinese Shophouse

Shopfront

A very typical architectural style that combination of both wooden shophouse from northern china and dwelling house from Guangdong.

Type 2:

Storage

Shopfront

Type 3:

Kitchen

bedroom

Storage

bedroom

Shopfront

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Wall painting

Handrail

The scale of the window

Old roof tiles

Living room

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Site Information Building Typology Watch Tower Watchtower, as a special type of Chinese architecture, is a kind of multi-storey tower building integrating defense and residence. Its small Windows hint at the turbulent times and people’s desire for safety.

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Function Layout

Site Information

Building Stories

Architectural style

Above 8 8 level 7 level 6 level

Tradition shophouse

5 level 4 level 3 level 2 level 1 level

80s-90s Modern architectural style

Condition

Before 1912

1912-1943

The Hakka began their fifth migration form central China to south China due to the fail of Taiping Rebellion. Guanlan

After the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, displaced in a large number of Hong Kong Hakka people back to Gunalan to settle down. Guanlan flourished with different business.

Hakka people use Guanlan River to be an trade route between Guangdong and Hong Kong.

western style 40s-50s Modern architectural style 60s-70s Modern architectural style

After 20sModern architectural style

Building materials

became a residence place for Hakka people.

1943-2020

Good

brick

Above average

brick & wooden

Medium

brick & concrete

Bad

ferroconcrete steel

Building facades

Building Function

Before 1912 1912-1943 1943-2020 Tree

Plastering

Commerical

Cement

Retail

Cobblestone

Apartment

Ceramic tile

Offices

Iron

Watchtower

Others

Following the rapid urbanization of Shenzhen in 1979, Guanlan district became redundant and feel into disrepair.

Ancestral temple Factory Unknown Temple

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Chapter 3 Working with heritage building: Mending an old man as a metaphor

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Mending an old man as a metaphor

The Story of Mending

I have used mending an old man as a metaphor for repairing, rebuilding and bringing meaning to this heritage site. The old man, should receive traditional Chinese medicine, massage, plaster balm wrapping, acupuncture and herb soup treatment.

Most of these treatments are internal disease and external treatment.

Most of these treatments are internal disease and external treatment. They are mild enough for old buildings with a rich word expression. From this, it can be summed up as this: Repair, is with a kind of poetry.

Repair, is with a kind of poetry.

New Roof New Roof Structure

Inside Platform

New stairs on the old roof

Existing building

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Existing building

Plaster balm wrapping

Plaster balm wrapping

Treatment: Plaster, is a medicinal herbal plaster that is often used in traditional Chinese medicine. Since it doesn’t require any surgery, it’s a gentle treatment, like a band-aid, that allows a broken area to heal slowly.

Treatment: Plater, is a medicinal herbal plaster that is often used in traditional Chinese medicine. Since it doesn’t require any surgery, it’s a gentle treatment, like a band-aid, that allows a broken area to heal slowly.

Support Structure

New wall and window frame

Heritage building Repair:

Partial reconstruction the roof and the door

Heritage building Repair:

Repair window

Plaster for repair building is not only protection, but a rebirth. By using the new material to cover the old broken elements is an interesting dialogue, between the old and new.

An empty space in the middle of a block, roof broken, surrounded by its neighbors and trees, without access to its doors.The access “road” can be borrowed: it is a drain gutter that runs between the roofs, and we only need one part of it. Plaster here, is to not only cover the new roof but also the road on borrowed from the roof.

Plaster for repair building is not only protection, but a rebirth. By using the new material to cover the old broken elements is an interesting dialogue, between the old and new.

Watchtower, as a special type of Chinese architecture, is a kind of multi-storey tower building integrating defense, residence. Its small Windows hint at the turbulent times and people’s desire for safety.

The window of “chaos” is a metamorphosis, a small scale window fram plaster on the orginal broken window to fight deformity of architectural form.

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Mending an old man as a metaphor

The Story of Mending

I have used mending an old man as a metaphor for repairing, rebuilding and bringing meaning to this heritage site. The old man, should receive traditional Chinese medicine, massage, plaster balm wrapping, acupuncture and herb soup treatment.

Most of these treatments are internal disease and external treatment.

Most of these treatments are internal disease and external treatment. They are mild enough for old buildings with a rich word expression. From this, it can be summed up as this: Repair, is with a kind of poetry.

Massage

Acupuncture

Herb Soup

Treatment: Massage is a branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The name comes from two of the actions: tui means “to push” and na means “to lift and squeeze.”

Treatment: Acupuncture is a unique Chinese treatment for diseases.

It is a kind of medical technique of “internal disease and external treatment”.It is to treat systemic diseases through the conduction of acupoint.

Treatment: It refers to Chinese various forms of herbal medicine, decocted in water. Decoction is taken internally, is invisible, but it is the most effective treatment.

Heritage building Repair:

Heritage building Repair:

Heritage building Repair: These action could be used in building that need partial restruction.

Partial reconstruction the roof A dilapidated roof, covered with plants planted by the original owners.This is the nature of an interior without sculpted.

Massage, here means lift, in order to contain all the plants.Like a large room, a room under the nature.With doors closed and Windows locked, is a huge collection of nature poetry.

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Repair, is with a kind of poetry.

Acupuncture in repair building refer to the broken small elements, and trying to use a kind of continues strategy to adaptive reuse them.

Herb soup also could be understand as a kind of intangible strategy that put the history and culture interpertation in redevelop the vancant space in historic site

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Chapter 4 Redefining the meaning of heritage buildings: Culture references

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Culture interpertation Chinese Painting_Outside Meeting

Figue1: Literary Garden (文苑图) by Zhou Wenju, Five Dynasties Period (907-960)

Figue2: Lou Tung Ten old man (娄东十老图)by Lu Shiyi (1642)

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By using the natural world as a meeting place and the curtain of the sky to sit on the ground, each person needs to find a natural object, stone, tree stump, step...Let yourself stay down, cooperate with the corresponding body posture, stop sitting and lying down, each person to find their own “acupuncture points, their own place, depending on the terrain with the posture, depending on the terrain and randomly decide the way of conversation, an automatic generation of art collection map.

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Culture interpertation Chinese Painting_Inside Meeting

From the outside to a natural stone cave, A natural opening triggers a parallel world in a naturally created space. It is a complete micro world, with its own time and narrative space.

From meeting in a cave to living in a cave. A huge section, looking at the two worlds opposite each other. House insert into the hole, The main overhanging rock has been torn apart in a huge section, and there is an exotic world there.

Figue3:Five Hundred Luohans(五百罗汉图之喫茶)(1178)

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Figue4: Learn the Handbook of Hong Millet method(学 洪谷子法册页) (Early Qing Dynasty)

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Figue5 : Huishan tea party(惠山茶会图), by Wen Zhengming (1518)

Culture interpertation Chinese Painting_Tea Pary 惠山茶会图 The tea party always hold inside the forest, on top of a mountain, people need to go over a mountain road to get there. But once you get there, you will get the perspective view of the whole city. Tea party is about enjoy the scenery.

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This small house is like a big bed embedded in the highland, and this pavilion is a place that belongs to the exotic imagination, is three or two steps can escape real world.

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Figue6 : The Night Revels of Han Xizai(韩熙载夜宴图), Five Dynasties (906-960)

Welcoming guests

Watching dancer

Listen to flute solos

Chatting with performers

Enjoying string while haveing dinner

Culture interpertation Chinese Painting_Banquet 韩熙载夜宴图 The banquet of the ancient people was different from today. The dinner was an elegant gathering. From welcoming guests, to listening to flute solos, to watching dancers, chatting with performers and friends, to enjoying string instruments while having dinner, and finally seeing guests off. Music and performance are the main melody of the banquet.

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In this banquet, there was no absolute separation between the actors and the audience, or a constant interchange, between the stage and the stage. Just now they were dancing with each other. Now they picked up their flute and played it. At an arm’s length , they sat on the bench together. You are the audience and seem to be the flute’s companion.

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Figue6 : The Night Revels of Han Xizai(韩熙载夜宴图), Five Dynasties (906-960)

Welcoming guests

Figue6 : The Night Revels of Han Xizai(韩熙载夜宴图), Five Dynasties (906-960)

Enjoying string while haveing dinner

Figue6 : The Night Revels of Han Xizai(韩熙载夜宴图), Five Dynasties (906-960)

Chatting with performers

Welcoming guests

Enjoying string while haveing dinner

Chatting with performers

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Figue6 : The Night Revels of Han Xizai(韩熙载夜宴图), Five Dynasties (906-960)

Watching dancer

Figue6 : The Night Revels of Han Xizai(韩熙载夜宴图), Five Dynasties (906-960)

Listen to flute solos

Figue6 : The Night Revels of Han Xizai(韩熙载夜宴图), Five Dynasties (906-960)

Seeing guests off

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Watching dancer

Listen to flute solos

Chatting with performers 46

Culture interpertation Chinese Movie 长安十二时辰 Nightcrawler_The longest day in Chang’an

Figue7 : from film the longest day in Chang’an, (2019)

The traditional tiled roof carries an interface that belongs to the nightcrawler and the knight-errant.This is a field of vision that one does not often touch, and breaking through this interface will give you a landscape of solitude. A unique perspective, a resource that seems to have been idle for a long time.

Figue8 : from film the longest day in Chang’an, (2019)

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Culture interpertation Chinese Movie 大红灯笼高高挂 Weeding_ Raise the Red Lantern

Figue9 : from film Raise the Red Lantern, (1991)

The Chinese call wedding a room in cave, which is a poetic pornographic term. It is an introverted expression, originally taken from ancient paintings that glimpsed the behavior of insiders through tree holes or caves, and later used to symbolize the end of a wedding. The Room in cave tell the story of inside, the interesting things is that the spatial experience is layer by layer, as fas as peeling onions.

Figue10 : from film Raise the Red Lantern, (1991)

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Culture interpertation Chinese Opera & Fiction 牡丹亭 Figue13 : Peony Pavilion, by Tang Xiangzhu (1598)

Peony Pavilion

Figue13 : Peony Pavilion, by Tang Xiangzhu (1598)

Figue11 : Peony Pavilion Opera

Figue14 : Peony Pavilion, by Tang Xiangzhu (1598)

Figue15 : Peony Pavilion, by Tang Xiangzhu (1598)

Figue12 : Peony Pavilion Opera

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Figue16 : Peony Pavilion, by Tang Xiangzhu (1598)

The Peony Pavilion, also named The Return of Soul at the Peony Pavilion, is a romantic tragicomedy play written by dramatist Tang Xianzu in 1598, and the plot was drawn from the short story Du Liniang Revives For Love.

It depicts a love story between Du Liniang and Liu Mengmei that overcomes all difficulties, transcending time and space, life and death; the pair unite at the end. The background of this story was happen in cradle of the Kahha. And the characters in novel are also hakka people.

Both the opera and the orginal fiction, it talks about the theatrical and filmic space, visitor could taking part or observing it in a scene.

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Culture interpertation Folk culture 纸扎艺术 Afterlife_Paper funeral offerings

Figue14 : Paper funeral offering Figue16 : Film “soul paper funeral offerings”

Chinese cultural beliefs on afterlife typically depicted as a subterranean maze, everything happen under a sequence. From the green naihe River, that soul go across a bridge, then enter to the dark hell for judgement. The soul’s journey after death is a vision expression of different color. In the hell, the exquisite paper funeral offerings will meet their needs so that they may be favorably disposed or their hardship assuaged.

Figue15 : Photo from local paper funeral offering shop

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Chapter 5 Process and Proposal: The story of Mending

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Winding

Theatrical Fold 1945

New Structure

1979

New Fold New Pathway

Existing building Existing building

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The story of mending

The story of mending

Redevelop the gap

Redevelop the empty balcony

This two types of building have different facade because of their different construction period.

Tha gap in between them used to be an abandoned path, filled with garbage, will become a garden Acupuncture in this case is a winding pathway, connect two different buildings, guide visitors to experience the history from different period.

Shallow limitations may not necessarily bring about compression, but perhaps even decomposition.Kunqu opera’s gestures and gestures with a strong sense of spatial topology are a mixed interpretation of the relationship between scenes and roles.

Blacony could also be a stage set on the wall with the audience on the other side.

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Tile mountain

Collection of natural

New Roof New Roof Structure

Inside Platform

New stairs on the old roof

Existing building

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The story of mending

The story of mending

Partial reconstruction the roof and the door

Partial reconstruction the roof

An empty space in the middle of a block, roof broken, surrounded by its neighbors and trees, without access to its doors.The access “road� can be borrowed: it is a drain gutter that runs between the roofs, and we only need one part of it. Plaster here, is to not only cover the new roof but also the road on borrowed from the roof.

A dilapidated roof, covered with plants planted by the original owners.This is the nature of an interior without sculpted.

Massage, here means lift, in order to contain all the plants.Like a large room, a room under the nature.A room full of broken wall likes mountains and plants like an endless rivers. With doors closed and Windows locked, is a huge collection of nature poetry.

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Window chaos

The Night Banquet

New walls

Existing building

Existing building Support Structure

New wall and window frame

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The story of mending

The story of mending

Repair window

Repair the restaurant

Watchtower, as a special type of Chinese architecture, is a kind of multi-storey tower building integrating defense, residence. Its small Windows hint at the turbulent times and people’s desire for safety.

The Night Banquet: With the tour of view and performance “Night Banquet ” is an elegant party, but also a performance. The sequence of the banquet in the drawing are translate into the sequence of space that enter into a restaurant.

The window of “chaos” is a metamorphosis, a small scale window fram plaster on the orginal broken window to fight deformity of architectural form.

Like the Herb Soup, and it is taken internally, is invisible, Culture interpertation overlap with the heritage buildings.

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Tea Corner

Fish Scale

Tea House

Sightseeing Platform Existing building

Existing building

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The story of mending

The story of mending

Redevelop a bakyard

Partial reconstruction the roof

Tea corner is the opening of the original interior backyard, which can no longer be returned to the interior in the way of a normal architecture. In this small truncated world, there should be no complete big things, and the buildings are fragmentary.

They consist a complete micro world for tea party, with its own time and narrative space.

The traditional tiled roof carries an interface that belongs to the nightcrawler and the knight-errant.This is a field of vision that one does not often touch, and breaking through this interface will give you a landscape of solitude, a unique perspective, a resource that seems to have been idle for a long time.Cascading roof, or near or far, black pressure, fish scales, is the ink landscape, is a piece of scales, is the back of the fish.

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Suspension

Cave room

New space New building

Existing building

Existing building

The story of mending

The story of mending

Partial reconstruction the house

Redevelop the demolish house

A house only left a broken wall, A huge section along with the edge of the building, New reconstruction, like the painting, start form this huge section, looking at the two worlds opposite each other. House insert into the hole, The main overhanging rock are the silks that form its neighbors

The Chinese call wedding a room in cave, which is a poetic pornographic term. It is an introverted expression, originally taken from ancient paintings that glimpsed the behavior of insiders through tree holes or caves, and later used to symbolize the end of a wedding.

Layer by layer, one space after another, like what we did at home, from the hallway, to the living room, form living room to the bedroom.

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Afterlife

Reconstruction

Existing building

The story of mending Partial reconstruction Paper funeral offerings shops Chinese cultural beliefs on afterlife typically depicted as a subterranean maze, everything happen under a sequence. From the green naihe River, that soul go across a bridge, then enter to the dark hell for judgement. The soul’s journey after death is a vision expression of different color. In the hell, the exquisite paper funeral offerings will meet their needs so that they may be favorably disposed or their hardship assuaged.

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