Lesson 13 simple present tense by R&M

Lesson 13.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE  The simple present tense indicates an action in the present time which is not finished. This can be a habitual action (something done regularly such as brushing your teeth every day), a permanent situation or a general truth. Forming a sentence in the Simple Present Tense is easy. To do it, we need to divide the personal pronouns into two groups. 1st Group I YOU WE THEY

2nd Group (Third Person) HE SHE IT

Lesson 13. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES – FIRST GROUP

Subject

I YOU WE THEY

Verb

Complement

I open the door. – Yo abro la puerta You brush your hair. – Tú cepillas tu cabello We drink hot coffee – Nosotros tomamos café caliente They answer the exam – Ellos responden el examen

Lesson 13. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NEGATIVE SENTENCES – FIRST GROUP

Subject

I YOU WE THEY

Auxiliary DO + Not

Verb

Complement

I do not open the door. – Yo no abro la puerta You do not brush your hair. – Tú no cepillas tu cabello We do not drink coffee – Nosotros no tomamos café They do not answer the exam – Ellos no responden el examen

We often use short forms in negative sentences in the Simple Present: DO NOT = DON’T You do not work at the hospital = You don’t work at the hospital They do not wash the dishes = They don’t wash the dishes Copyright © R & M English Services ®. Todos los derechos reservados.

Lesson 13. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES – FIRST GROUP

Auxiliary DO

I YOU WE THEY

Subject

Verb

Complement

Do I need a doctor? – Yo necesito un doctor? Do you have a new car? – Tú tienes un carro nuevo? Do we spend the money? – Nosotros gastamos el dinero? Do they bring the homework? – Ellos traen la tarea?

Lesson 13. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES – SECOND GROUP (THIRD PERSON)

Subject

SHE HE IT

Verb + S

Complement

She cleans the office – Ella limpia la oficina He understands the lesson – Él entiende la lección It sleeps on the sofa – Esto duerme en el sofá

Lesson 13. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE THIRD PERSON  Some verbs change their spelling when “s” is added in the third person singular.

VERBS ENDING IN Y: The English letters a, e, i, o and u are generally referred to as vowels. The other English letters are generally referred to as consonants. When a verb ends in “y” immediately preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to ie before the ending s is added. In each of the following examples, the consonant immediately preceding the final y is underlined.

Infinitive Study Fly Carry

Third Person Singular Studies Flies Carries

Lesson 13.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE THIRD PERSON SPECIAL CASE However, when a verb ends in y immediately preceded by a vowel, the y is not changed before the ending s is added. In each of the following examples, the vowel immediately preceding the final y is underlined.

Infinitive

say enjoy buy

Third Person Singular

says enjoys buys

Lesson 13.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE THIRD PERSON SPECIAL CASE

VERBS ENDING IN “O” When a verb ends in o, the letter e is added before the s ending. For example: Bare Infinitive Third Person Singular

do echo go

does echoes goes

VERB “HAVE” When you need to use this verb in third person, the correct form of the verb is HAS. She has a new book – Ella tiene un nuevo libro Copyright © R & M English Services ®. Todos los derechos reservados.

Lesson 13.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE THIRD PERSON SPECIAL CASE VERBS ENDING IN CH, S, SH, X OR Z When a verb ends in a sibilant sound such as ch, s, sh, x or z, the letter e is added before the s ending. For example: Infinitive

Pass Push Watch Fix Buzz

Third Person Singular

passes pushes watches fixes buzzes

Lesson 13. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NEGATIVE SENTENCES – SECOND GROUP

Subject

SHE HE IT

Auxiliary DOES+ Not

Infinitive Verb

Complement

She does not clean the office. – Ella no limpia la oficina He does not understand the lesson – Él no entiende la lección It does not sleep on the sofa – Esto no duerme en el sofá

We often use short forms in negative sentences in the Simple Present: DOES NOT = DOESN’T Mike does not close the store = Mike doesn’t close the store The cat does not drink hot milk = The cat doesn’t drink hot milk

Lesson 13. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES – SECOND GROUP

Auxiliary DOES

SHE HE IT

Subject

Infinitive Verb

Complement

Does she speak English? – Ella habla inglés? Does he eat chicken? – Él come pollo? Does the dog bring the newspaper? – El perro trae el periódico?