Raptor Conservation
Raptors Conservation 2011, 21 ëèñü òàêæå áëèçêî äðóã ê äðóãó. Ðàññòîÿíèå ìåæäó ïëàòôîðìàìè ñîñòàâèëî â ñðåäíåì (n=39) 4,57±1,95 êì (0,77–8,99 êì). Ïðîâåðêè ïëàòôîðì íà ïëîùàäêå ¹1 ïðîâîäèëèñü 4–8 èþíÿ 2008 ã. è 28–30 ìàÿ 2010 ã., íà ïëîùàäêå ¹2 – 10–12 èþíÿ 2008 ã. è 3–6 èþíÿ 2010 ã. Âñå îáíàðóæåííûå íà ïëîùàäêàõ ãí¸çäà õèùíûõ ïòèö, à òàêæå ðåãóëÿðíûå ðåãèñòðàöèè âçðîñëûõ ïòèö ñ òåððèòîðèàëüíûì ïîâåäåíèåì, êàðòèðîâàëèñü, ïðèâÿçûâàëèñü ê ñèñòåìå êîîðäèíàò ñ ïîìîùüþ ñïóòíèêîâûõ íàâèãàòîðîâ Garmin è âíîñèëèñü â áàçó äàííûõ ArcView 3.3 (ESRI).  õîäå ìîíèòîðèíãà ãíåçäîâûõ ó÷àñòêîâ îïðåäåëÿëàñü çàíÿòîñòü ãí¸çä, ôîòîãðàôèðîâàëèñü âçðîñëûå ïòèöû (ïî âîçìîæíîñòè, è ñàìöû, è ñàìêè, íî, êàê ïðàâèëî, âñ¸ æå ñàìêè), â áîëüøèíñòâå ãí¸çä ñ êðóïíûìè ïòåíöàìè ïðîâîäèëîñü èõ êîëüöåâàíèå. Êëàäêè è âûâîäêè ñ ïóõîâûìè ïòåíöàìè îñìàòðèâàëèñü òîëüêî â ëåãêî äîñòóïíûõ ãí¸çäàõ, îñìîòð êîòîðûõ ìîæíî áûëî ïðîâåñòè èç àâòîìîáèëÿ, ÷òîáû îêàçûâàòü ìèíèìàëüíîå áåñïîêîéñòâî íà âçðîñëûõ ïòèö. Ó÷¸ò òåððèòîðèàëüíûõ âèäîâ, òàêèõ, êàê ñòåïíîé îð¸ë (Aquila nipalensis), ìîõíî-
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nearest neighbours is 3.81±3.3 km (n=8; range 1.24–11.1 km; Ex=3.62; median=2.75), the inter-nest distance for 62.5% pairs is between 1 and 3 km. The average brood size is 2.0±0.58 nestlings (n=7; range 1–3 nestlings). Most of broods were surveyed on the Yamalyg outcrop and contained 2 nestlings (Dubynin, Karyakin, 2008). The impact of Eagle Owls on the birds of prey, that were nesting in the flat steppe apart rock outcrops, was minimal for the entire period of surveys. Only in 2001, the pair of Owls that nests on the plot, preyed nestlings of Sakers from the nest on the electric pole, which had remained yet and located 500 m away from the Owl nest. Upland Buzzard In 1999–2002, there were 31 known breeding territories of the Upland Buzzards on the plot 2 (fig. 25, table 4). The average distance between nearest neighours was 3.05±1.64 km (n=21; range 1.08–6.81 km; Ex=0.57), with breeding density being 4.42 pairs/100 kì2. That period, comparing with data of the middle of 1990s the number had already decreased, but remained although rather high. During 2003–2006, herder continued to saw electric poles, having remained yet, burn down livestock winter camps and field camps, utilize scrap metal – last remains of vehicles and grain harvester combines, abandoned in steppe. An as a result, nests of the Upland Buzzard, some times with clutches and nestlings, were destroyed. Thus, the sharp decline in the number of breeding pairs was noted in 2003 (fig. 27) and also birds in pairs became younger, that, in our opinion, was connected with bird deaths due to bromadiolone poisoning during autumn migration through Mongolia in 2002 (Karyakin, 2010). Besides, this process coincided with the decline in numbers of the Daurian Pika, and as a result all pairs breeding on the plot were unsuccessful. The number of Upland Buzzards could be recovered rather quickly after the decline in 2003, however herders continued to destroy nests, limiting the successful
Èñòîðèÿ ãíåçäîâîãî ó÷àñòêà ìîõíîíîãîãî êóðãàííèêà: 2006 ã. – ñòðîèòåëüñòâî ãíåçäîâîé ïëàòôîðìû, 2008 ã. – ïåðâûé ãîä ãíåçäîâàíèÿ, 2010 ã. – 3-é ãîä ãíåçäîâàíèÿ. Ôîòî Ý. Íèêîëåíêî è È. Êàðÿêèíà. Story of a nesting site of the Upland Buzzard: 2006 – the artificial nest platform building, 2008 – the first year of nesting, 2010 – 3-d year of nesting. Photos by E. Nikolenko and I. Karyakin.