Operations unit understood the symbolic role of architecture and the Architecture Advisory Board was created to elaborate the building programme of the embassies. It was then that celebrity architects became associated with the building of embassies. Marcel Breuer in The Hague, Eero Saarinen in London and Oslo and stone in New Delhi. The success of these grand gestures are rather obvious because from the 1960s American embassies are target sites for protests and terrorist activities against the ideologies and policies of the country. Two of the four embassy buildings of this period are currently shifting their premises to meet the new stipulated rules created for the safety of American state buildings. Congress initiated acts and legislations regarding safety in 1998 after the suicide bombings in the East African embassies that killed many diplomatic and foreign personnel. A set of standards were being designed In the 1970s but they were not seriously implemented till the late 90s. With the standards large multinational architectural practices who are willing to meet the guidelines are preferred to celebrity architects. These standards changed the practice of extraterritorial building design across the world many of which are currently seen in The Hague. Title: Cities under Siege: The new military urbanism Author: Stephen Graham Summary: This book is a catalogue of the different policies that are created around the ideas of security in the Western world and how these policies change the way cities are planned. One important example in the book is the creation of the spaces for immigrant communities in the suburbs of Paris. The way that they are structured so that they can be controlled and can be immediately detached from the important economic networks if needed. Title: The Death and Life of Great American Cities Author: Jane Jacobs Summary: The book is a series of observations that connect security and city planning. The main argument of the book is that relationships cannot be communities cannot be
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