OPTIMALISASI PENGGUNAAN AIR PADA LAHAN SAWAH
Chusnul Arif
FAKTA PADI SAWAH Sektor pertanian adalah sektor yang memerlukan banyak air 70% air dikonsumsi oleh pertanian (World Water Council) Pertanian padi di Asia Tenggara mengambil 64-83% air irigasi Sumber referensi: pertumbuhan padi akan lebih baik dalam kondisi tergenang
Kasus: Kebutuhan air di Sukabumi
Alternatif sistem budidaya: SRI • Berbeda dengan umumnya tanam padi – – – – – –
Benih muda Tanam tunggal Jarak tanam lebar Pupuk organik Lebih intensif Irrigasi berselang (intermittent): Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation (AWDI)
Konsep SRI • Konsep 1:
Benih Muda
Tanam Tunggal
Konsep SRI • Konsep 2: Jarak lebar
Konsep SRI • Konsep 3: Intermittent Irrigation
SRI Basic Concepts • Concept 4: Careful cultivation management
SRI Basic Concepts • Results: Dense and Tough Paddies
SRI Basic Concepts • SRI and Non-SRI
Tema Penelitian: Optimalisasi Management Air Sawah Maximize
SRI Paddy Field
Minimize
Water Management
Land Productivity
Target
Water Productivity
Goal
GHG Emissions
Improve
Y
N
SRI MONITORING SYSTEM
SRI MONITORING SYSTEM
http://www.x-ability.jp/~swampred/index.php?dfw=fns1
SRI MONITORING SYSTEM
http://emsa-sri.org/emsa-sri-sites
CURRENT RESULTS • Plant Growth Monitoring
Image calendar
CURRENT RESULTS • Plant Growth Monitoring
Planting
Crop development
Early stage
Reproductive stage
Vegetative stage
Late stage
CURRENT RESULTS 50
100
45
90
40 80 35
TAve TMin
TMax RHAve
Missing data
70
30 25
20 10/14/2010 11/12/2010 12/11/2010 1/9/2011
60 50 2/7/2011
Average Relative Humidity (%)
Average air temperature (oC)
• Meteorological parameters
CURRENT RESULTS • Meteorological parameters Solar Rad(MJ/m2/day)
ETo(mm)
11/12/2010
1/9/2011
10 ETo(mm)
Solar Rad (MJ/m2/day)
12
8 6 4 2
0 10/14/2010
12/11/2010
2/7/2011
CURRENT RESULTS • Soil Parameters 1.000
0
0.900
VWC (m3/m3)
0.800 100
0.700 0.600
150
0.500 200
0.400 0.300
250 0
20
40
60 80 100 Days after transplanting (day)
Precipitation(mm)
50 P I II III IV
FUTURE NEED • Data Analyzing: – Water Productivity – Water efficiency
• Next Planting: – Water level variation – GHG emission – Weeding control
SELESAI