Conference Proceedings Living Landscapes | Full Papers Section 4 | by Planum n.27 vol.2/2013

4. Living-moving through places / Abitare diffuso e abitare in movimento edited by !"#$%&'()*+*,-%.*+/*$%0*#*12*#,-%3#456$%.$+$4*#*-%0$776,%.1$)8,55*#,-% 92*$5$%.656#6++*

Introduction

In Europe, urban sprawl is different from the American context. Nevertheless, it represents a dominating trend in contemporary European territories. The functioning of these territories is difficult to understand, according to classical town planning approaches. Urban rhythms and temporalities become more complex; cities are not univocal organisms anymore; new mobilities engender new dynamics and new forms. Hence, motion becomes a fundamental category to understand these territories. In fact, their identity is not placed anymore in morphological characterization, but rather in processes and in collective and individual dynamics. At this stage, these territories can be read as a nebula of fluxes. Fast fluxes cross these territories in an unconscious way and use cities as “anchor bolts”. On the other hand, slow fluxes seem to be more coherent with urban materiality.

In those territories, living solutions are increasingly individualized: the inhabitants define themselves more likely in relation to their own experiences, use or consumption of what surrounds them, rather than in relation to a community. In those territories, the prevailing element seems to be the loss of something: loss of borders, loss of identity, loss of social cohesion.

Scattered territories have en elusive nature. These phenomena have been named in many different ways: spread city, città diffusa, entre-ville... A lack of interpretation points out.

The papers which are presented in this section aim to develop these topics on different levels. They question themselves on new interpretative tools and on analytical approaches required to understand scattered territories. What are their dynamics, their localization? Does the observation of these territories allow a critique to modern urbanism? In which way the notion of planning is called into question?

Nan and Zetti investigate the individualistic dimension of these territories. According to Nan, new individual geographies are founded in the scattered territories; Zetti investigates the efficiency of urban planning in the territory of the “Piana”, between Florence, Prato and Pistoia. Papers from Sargolini / D’Onofrio, but also the one by Minichino explore the environmental consequences of sprawl. The former authors underline a possible planning strategy based on “green infrastructures”, especially referring to Rennes case-study; Minichino links renewable energies with the creation of new aesthetic categories. The papers from Esposito, Morelli and Brighi deal with several case studies, such as Liguria, Versilia, Romagna. Beyond differences, these examples point out the recurring of open space linear systems. Moreover, these case-studies mark the relevance of an approache based on historical analysis, which can obtain a more profound comprehension of these territories. The papers from Morandi / D’Emilio and Carlesi / Screpanti bring some possible intervention strategies into the debate on scattered territories. The former propose several criteria based on the recomposition of existing urban systems: pathways, historical centres, contemporary centralities, open space. Carlesi and Screpanti identify the productive system as the key to understand spread dynamics.

In different ways, several papers of this section point out the need and the haste of understanding these territories. On an epistemological plan, those papers question the utility and the efficiency of contemporary design strategies. Even though urban sprawl has different forms in Europe, it remains a key factor in understanding contemporary territories and their ways of life.

4. Living-moving through places/ Abitare diffuso e abitare in movimento edited by !"#$%&'()*+*,-%.*+/*$%0*#*12*#,-%3#456$%.$+$4*#*-%0$776,%.1$)8,55*#,-%92*$5$%.656#6++*

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Atti della XV Conferenza Nazionale SIU SocietĂ Italiana degli Urbanisti Pescara, 10-11 maggio 2012

Lâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Urbanistica che cambia. Rischi e valori

by Planum. The Journal of Urbanism ISSN 1723-0993 | n. 27, vol. 2/2013