MNLA MAILING ADDRESS
P.O. Box 20353 • Billings, MT 59104 406.755.3079 • www.plantingmontana.org
DISCLAIMER: The statements and opinions expressed herein are those of the
and do not necessarily represent the views of the association, directors or staff and do not
the appearance of advertisements, or their
3rd VICE PRESIDENT
Ali Zackheim
Gardenwerks Helena, MT
PRESIDENT
James Hoiland
Green Up Lawn & Landscape Sprinklers Great Falls, MT
1st VICE PRESIDENT
John Spray
The Good Earth Works Co.
Billings, MT
2nd VICE PRESIDENT
Aaron Mihelish Pro Sweep Plus Missoula, MT
Joe Sansone
Oldcastle Polson, MT
PAST PRESIDENT
Peter Hiel Gardenwerks Helena, MT
SECRETARY
Pat Appleby
Compost Happens Gardening Florence, MT
EDUCATION COMMITTEE CHAIR
Kristi Browning, CPP
Cashman Nursery
Bozeman, MT
NORTHERN ROCKIES TREE SCHOOL CHAIR
Mike Garvey
Garvey’s Urban Forest Billings, MT
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Gina Albaugh
MNLA
Billings, MT
MT DEPT. OF AG LIAISON
Frank Etzler
MDA Helena, MT
By: Gina Albaugh, MNLA Executive Director
Board Member elections took place at our Annual Meeting in January. We are thrilled to announce Ali Zackheim as our new 3rd Vice President! Ali brings a wealth of experience to help lead our Association. With a strong background in the industry and a passion for our mission, Ali is well-equipped to contribute fresh ideas and drive meaningful progress. We look forward to the leadership and vision she will bring to the role.
“I was born and raised in Choteau, Montana, along the breathtaking Rocky Mountain Front. I earned my BFA in Graphic Design from Montana State University. After a brief city stint in Seattle, I made Helena home where I enjoyed a slower pace of life, the tight-knit community, and the miles of public trails and open spaces Helena offers.
I joined Gardenwerks in 2022, after 18 years as a Graphic Designer, transitioning from digital design and marketing to something more tangible. Now, I help design and install beautiful, functional outdoor spaces. I love being part of the whole process—from designing to getting my hands dirty in the installation. Creating places that bring joy to people’s lives as well as supporting sustainable habitats for pollinators, birds and critters is genuinely fulfilling. I earned my Permaculture Design Certificate from Oregon State University to deepen my commitment to environmentally responsible landscaping.
Outside of work, I’m usually adventuring around Montana with my two daughters and husband, gardening, baking, reading, or hiking Mount Helena’s trails with my sweet Golden Retriever. My husband, Alan, is an attorney, chef, actor, and trivia master. Our two daughters, Vireo and Kestrel, are nature lovers and enjoy performing at Grandstreet Theatre. Our family loves traveling together exploring new cultures, habitats, and landscapes.“
In our ongoing effort to support members and the communities they reside in, we are pleased to once again open a Community Beautification Funding cycle. Applications will be accepted through March 31st.
The program goal is to grant project funds to communities across the state that meet the following guidelines:
• Highlight the nursery and landscape industry
• Improve outdoor public spaces
• Add value to the communities of our members
• Engage current and prospective MNLA members
• Demonstrate the value of quality, professional landscape services
Award amounts will be determined by the review committee based on the funds available and number of applications received. More details and the application can be found on our website, www. plantingmontana.org/community_ beautification
The Arboretum was awarded funds for developing a North American Conifer Garden at ZooMontana. The project was designed to showcase unique trees that are suitable for growth in 4B climates. These trees will highlight the available bio-diversity that the region will sustain and provide education to local businesses as well as the average 75,000 visitors/ year.
The memorial Rose Garden of Missoula was established in 1946 as a memorial for local casualties of World War II. The initial establishment included 650
rose bushes as well as a plaque for those who lost their lives. The garden has been added onto, including: installation of our national and state flags, the Blue Star Memorial, a
Vietnam Memorial, a Korean War Monument, and a Policeman’s Memorial. The rose garden is maintained by the local Rose Society and City Parks Department. Funds were awarded to help maintain existing roses and replace some that have died over time. The City of Missoula matches all fundraising up to $5,000/year.
This orchard is part of the MSU Western Ag Research Center and contains 96 fruit trees. It functions as both a source of fruit growing data and the resulting fruits provide a source of food for the community. Community members help to maintain the orchard as well as providing an enjoyable environment for the community. Funding was awarded to help provide solar lighting as well as seating to make the orchard more accessible.
The arboretum was established in 1991 by State Legislature with the following mission “To establish and maintain a living collection of plantings to provide public education, student instruction, scenic beauty, and natural biological legacy for the citizens of Montana.” currently the arboretum represents 233 species with over 2,000 specimens. They are currently in the process of developing a new planting area at the entrance to the arboretum. Funding was awarded to help provide plants, hardscape materials, soil amendments, and mulches.
The Rocky Mountain Gardens are a public demonstration space that serves as a hub for inspiration, education and innovation. The 2.5 acre gardens showcase the range of plants that can be grown in our region as well as the best practices for growing in a changing world. The garden is split into 18 distinct growing areas including a rose, pollinator, herb, native prairie, sensory, forest, vegetable, ornamental, and waterwise garden beds as well as a fruit and berry orchard.
Roundup Community Partners designed a welcome plaza to introduce visitors to the Roundup community and revitalize Main Street. The welcome plaza serves as a gateway to welcome nonresident visitors into the community. Community Beautification Funds were granted to assist with the completion of the landscaping surrounding the welcome kiosk.
Gina Albaugh, MNLA Executive Director
Since its creation, the MNLA Awards Program has celebrated Montana’s most skilled and dedicated green industry professionals. In early January, we had the pleasure of coming together for our annual Awards Banquet during the Montana Green Expo to honor another outstanding year of accomplishments. The following pages highlight some of the exceptional projects submitted this year. A heartfelt thank you to all who shared their work, and congratulations to the well-deserved winners!
Oak Legacy Award
Bev Gutman, Marchie’s Nursery, Missoula, MT
It’s rare that we have the opportunity to honor someone for the exceptional contributions they’ve made throughout their life to both the MNLA family and the broader horticulture community. Beverly Gutman is a Past-President of the MNLA, a pillar in her community, and an active advocate for the industry. We can’t think of anyone who is more deserving of this recognition. A special thank you to Bev’s daughter, Hollie, for compiling these priceless photos that capture Bev’s journey over the years. Congratulations, Bev, and thank you for your unwavering dedication and service to the industry! We are proud to have you as part of the MNLA family.
Jason Albaugh, River Ridge Landscape Co., Laurel, MT
The Board of Directors unanimously nominated Jason as the 2024 MNLA Member-of-the-Year. His dedication and long-standing commitment to serving both the industry and the MNLA is evident in everything he does. Jason currently serves as the Billings Chapter Chair, and has been instrumental in establishing and carrying out the Billings Chapter golf tournament fundraiser each year. He also volunteered his time to help establish the Bozeman Chapter, and is a familiar face around many MNLA events – as he is always willing to step in and lend a hand wherever it is needed. The MNLA Board of Directors thanks you for your service!
1st Place Best of Montana Landscapes, Residential Category
Outdoor Design Studios, Bozeman, MT
This golf course residence in Bozeman, Montana was a design and build project with great views of the Bridger Mountain range. The terraced planting beds lead down to a native transition zone separating the residence from the golf course. Combining a mixed planting style with low wateruse plants provides seasonal interest to the organic curves and materials.
Materials were locally sourced for the frontier sandstone slab treads, moss rock granite accent boulders, and stillwater boulder retaining walls. Black basalt rock mulch contrasts the light tones of the house siding and hardscape materials.
Custom elements include raised steel planters, a gas fire table and a private cart path from the driveway to the golf course creating easy access. The incorporation of a vintage golf ball cleaner with reference to a popular golf movie brings a personal and functional touch.
1st Place Best of Montana Landscapes, Hardscape Category
Webby Landscaping, Bozeman, MT
This landscape project might be my favorite one to date. Most of the hardscaping was handled by two of our most capable and experienced landscape installers. While we had a general idea of the customer’s vision, the official plan wasn’t feasible due to several challenges, so we had to improvise as we went along. This gave us a great opportunity to showcase our problem-solving skills and ability to improvise on site.
We began with the back door steps and tiered walls, which presented the most difficulties. One of our first days was spent measuring, collaborating with the general contractor, and refining our approach for that area. The back deck would be built after we finished the steps, so accuracy in the rise and run was crucial.
The front door stairs provided us with more flexibility. The area was initially a steep dirt hill with old wooden stairs, which we completely removed. The carpenters didn’t start building the roof over the stairs until we were finished, so the transition went smoothly. One of the highlights of the job was seeing the finished stairs with the roof over them—it was a satisfying moment to witness the final touch added to the space.
As part of a full restoration of their historic craftsman home in Butte, Montana, the owners sought to transform their front garden to enhance curb appeal and create a vibrant, pollinator-friendly habitat. They engaged SCJ Studio to convert their lawnonly “desert” into a lush, thriving garden. With the limited plant options for Zone 3, SCJ’s Landscape Architects carefully arranged trees and shrubs to accentuate the seasonal textures of ornamental grasses, perennials, and groundcover. This approach brought dynamic movement, color, and yearround interest—just as the owners envisioned. The garden’s dense, lawn-free design and reliance on hardy, colorful perennials set it apart from typical Butte landscapes, creating a striking contrast with the neighboring lawns and sparse junipers containing little habitat value for local wildlife.
Webby Landscaping, Bozeman, MT
Building this water feature was no small feat. The process began with a meticulous design phase, and we quickly identified an ideal installation site with the necessary elevation drop to optimize the setup. However, we faced some challenges due to space constraints: the feature had to be no wider than 8 feet to respect the neighbor’s property line and the masoned patio below. Despite these limitations, we were able to creatively maximize the available space, ensuring the water feature was both functional and visually striking. Every element, from the placement of boulders to the flow of the water, was meticulously planned to create a harmonious balance between form and function. We worked with the natural landscape to ensure the feature seamlessly integrated into the surrounding environment, enhancing both the aesthetic appeal and overall atmosphere of the space. It was a rewarding challenge that truly tested our design, engineering and install skills.
1st Place Best of Montana Landscapes, Commercial Category
Greater Gallatin Contractors, Bozeman, MT
✤ The One&Only Luxury resort first broke ground in the spring of 2021. At the peak of the season we had an average of almost 80 crew members working on site, 7 days a week. Hoping to complete this 4-year project in 2025, this has been the largest project Greater Gallatin Landscape Contractors has ever accomplished on many scales.
✤ Greater Gallatin also used the GPS system Trimble to help lay out all plant material, irrigation heads, valves, trails and all other landscape features.
✤ The irrigation controller is Baseline. Greater Gallatin is utilizing soil moisture sensors with the irrigation system in order to better manage water. All irrigation heads are 18” Hunter rotors.
✤ 6” of topsoil was placed in all seeding areas.
✤ The objective of this landscape was to represent the native landscape.
✤ 400 onsite trees were dug onsite and re-used in the landscape.
Circle H Growers, Deer Lodge, MT
This is one of several containers planted at the greenhouse property. I always like to highlight what can be done by anyone. This is one that was exceptional this year. The main highlight was a tree rose for height in a larger container, with other plants that produced this entire mix, and was a favorite of those that experienced it.
GROWERS: Nursery Containers, Wire Baskets/Burlap, Horticulture Tools, Corrugated Tree Protectors, Digging Spades, Osmocote Fertilizers, and Grower’s Mixes.
RETAIL: Chemicals, Grass Seeds, Tools/ Pruners, Water Gardening Supplies, Garden Hoses, Bird Feeders, Feed, and Yard Ornaments.
CONTRACTORS: Edging, Fabrics, Low Voltage Lighting, Retaining Wall Systems, Pavers, Bulk Materials, Safety Supplies, and Wheelbarrows.
NURSERY STOCK: Deciduous Shrubs, Evergreen Shrubs, B&B Trees, Perennials, specialty Conifers, Specialty Deciduous, and Field Direct Trees.
EROSION CONTROL: Wood Blankets, Straw Blankets, Geojute, Sod Staples, Silt Fence, Grass Seed and Sediment Logs.
Doug Adams, Scapes LLC
– Whitefish, MT
Daniel Denton, Smooth Stone Landscaping
– Bozeman, MT
Skyler Doak, Trees for Life
– Bigfork, MT
Billy Flesch, Pest 1
– Bozeman, MT
Mark Garff, SCJ Studio Landscape Architecture
– Butte, MT
Jessica Heidemann, Defined Lines Lawncare
– Miles City, MT
Mat Marx, Torgersons Equipment
– Belgrade, MT
Sean Mulla, Calypso Gardens
– Missoula, MT
Yellowstone Arboretum Accepted as New Members in Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI)
Under the leadership of curator Scott Meyers, the Yellowstone Arboretum and ZooMontana Botanical Park have proudly been accepted as new members of Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI), a prestigious global organization dedicated to supporting and promoting the work of botanical gardens worldwide. BGCI’s mission focuses on the conservation of plant diversity, environmental education, and the sustainable management of plant collections. By becoming a member, the Yellowstone Arboretum and ZooMontana Botanical Park will gain access to a wealth of
Jeff Perry, Columbia View Landscape & Irrigation
– Columbia Falls, MT
Rhett Richardson, Dendroid Enterprises
– Kalispell, MT
Brent Sarchet, Timber and Tree Care Enterprises
– Boulder, MT
Josh Smith, S6 Trees
– Billings, MT
Molly Sutton, Sutton Garden Design
– Missoula, MT
Brigham Taplin, Qualpol
– Jerome, ID
Travis Williams, Torgerson’s Equipment
– Missoula, MT
Ali Zackheim, Gardenwerks
– Helena, MT
resources, including networking opportunities with other botanical gardens, cutting-edge research, potential grant funding, and specialized training programs. The membership also provides access to BGCI’s vast database and collaborative initiatives aimed at enhancing plant conservation efforts globally. Notably, the Yellowstone Arboretum and ZooMontana Botanical Park will be the first and only BGCI member in Montana, positioning them as a unique leader in botanical conservation in the state. This membership not only solidifies their commitment to plant conservation and education but also allows them to contribute to the broader global effort to protect plant species and their habitats. The BGCI is eager to begin this partnership, recognizing the value of including the first Montanabased institution in their network. This opportunity will undoubtedly bring exciting prospects for the arboretum and botanical park’s future initiatives, helping them to continue their important work in plant preservation and public education.
Kristi Browning, MNLA Educational Chair
We had four applicants take their Certified Plant Professional (CPP) Exam at the January Green Expo in Missoula. Two of them passed and have now joined the ranks of MNLA’s CPPs! Congratulations to Tyson Stillman of Shields River Farm & Nursery and Bridget Gunsten of Webby Landscaping and Masonry.
The CPP Exam is a two-part exam with an ID portion and a written portion. The ID portion consists of being provided with 50 plant samples, applicants must accurately ID each plant as well as list the genus, species, and common name of each sample. The written portion is a 200-question multiple
Tyson Stillman
“I grew up on a working angus ranch outside of Livingston, the first time I ever walked into a greenhouse I knew I had found my calling. While studying agriculture at MSU I began working at Reese Creek Tree Farm, during the six years I worked there my view of the nursery industry and trees changed dramatically and inspired me to continue down this career path. In 2020 my wife and I began to build a nursery of our own, Shields River Farm & Nursery. We have expanded our operation to include trees, shrubs, perennials, vegetables and mushrooms.”
choice exam with questions ranging from pest life cycles, to best cultural practices, to fertilizer rates, and much more. The study manual for the exam is about 3” thick! Achieving your CPP takes time and dedication, all CPPs should be proud of their achievement.
If you are interested in joining this elite group of the industry you can check out the CPP section of the MNLA webpage www.plantingmontana. org/certification
Congratulations again to our newest CPPs.
Bridget Gunsten
“My passion for horticulture began as a child, gardening alongside my grandma. As I grew, my love for plants expanded into caring for houseplants and eventually led me to earn a Bachelor of Science in Environmental Horticulture from Montana State University. I thrive on watching plants grow, creating beautiful spaces, and taking the stress out of garden maintenance for my clients. With Webby, I’ve found a career that never feels like work—every day brings new challenges and opportunities to learn.”
15 Family Fun Baseball Night - Billings July 24
Tour - Bozeman August 15 12th Annual Billings Chapter Golf Tournament - Billings
August 21 2nd Annual Bozeman Chapter Golf Tournament - Bozeman
September 18 Field Day - Billings
Gina Albaugh, Executive Director MNLA
Greetings, MNLA Members! It was nice to see so many of you at the Montana Green Expo and Northern Rockies Tree School in January. I’m happy to report that both events were successful – a huge thank you to James Hoiland for pouring hours into planning an awesome Green Expo, and to Mike Garvey for working so tirelessly to put on another excellent Tree School. Both events offered top-notch education and great networking. If you missed out this year, make sure you join us next January in Billings, MT, for what promises to be another fantastic conference!
As the year unfolds, I would like to remind everyone of some important deadlines. New funding cycles are open for the Community Beautification Fund and the Scholarship Program. Both of these programs are funded by the Silent Auction that is held during the Expo; I would like to extend a heartfelt thank you for everyone who supported these programs by either donating an item or making an auction purchase. We are excited to give back to the MNLA membership through the CBF and Scholarships. The deadline for both programs is March 31st. If you have any students in your immediate family or crewmembers that are college-age, please check out the scholarship program.
Short-course scholarship are also available for continuing education programs. More information on the scholarship program can be found in this Leaflet, or at www. plantingmontana.org/scholarships. Applications for the Community Beautification Fund (CBF) are also being accepted. As a reminder, the CBF was established to help improve and beautify public spaces in your community. If you have a project to submit for consideration, you can download the application on our website: www.plantingmontana.org/ Community_Beautification.
Make sure you check out the article on awards for the Best of Montana Landscape and Container Planting competitions. Your fellow MNLA members submitted some impressive projects. Please congratulate the winners the next time you see them, and don’t forget to keep your camera handy for the projects you’re working on this year. As always, I’m just a call or email away: 406-755-3079, gina@plantingmontana.org. Here’s to a successful season!
Gina Albaugh MNLA Executive Director
Over 900 varieties of trees, shrubs, evergreens and perennials.
Plants suited to the rigors of Montana’s climate and synchronized to Montana’s seasons with late spring frosts and early fall freezes.
Timely deliveries to your yard or job site throughout the planting season.
Check inventory availability and order online at:
username: avail password: gnursery
By: Jason Albaugh, Billings Chapter Chair
The Billings Chapter of the MNLA is gearing up for another exciting year of meetings and events. We’re bringing in new speakers and fresh topics, and welcome members from across the state to join us at any of our meetings or events. Regular meetings take place on the third Tuesday of each month, except for special summer events in July, August, and September.
• Family Fun Night – July 15, 2025
Venue: 329 Club at Dehler Park (near the leftfield foul pole for a premium game experience)
Game Time: 6:35 PM (Gates open at 5:30 PM)
• Golf Tournament – August 15, 2025
Venue: Briarwood Golf Club
Start Time: 1:00 PM shotgun start Open to all members for a fun-filled afternoon.
• Field Day – September 18, 2025
We’re also thrilled to see the Bozeman Chapter up and running! Eventually we hope to expand with chapters across the state. If you’re interested in starting a chapter in your area, reach out to Gina or myself for guidance. Attending a Billings or Bozeman meeting is a great first step.
Why Join a Chapter?
• Community & Networking – Build professional connections and friendships.
• Infor mation Sharing – Stay updated on industry news and events.
• Leadership Development – Gain valuable experience through discussions and committees.
• Advocacy & Decision-Making – Have a voice in shaping our chapter.
• Professional Growth – Enhance your knowledge and skills.
• Local Relevance – Address community-specific concerns.
• Engagement & Motivation – Stay active and involved in a dynamic group.
We look forward to an exciting year ahead and hope to see you at our upcoming events!
By: Kristi Browning, Bozeman Chapter Chair
As many of you know, the MNLA started a Bozeman area chapter last year. I’d love to invite anyone who has interest in attending to join us at our monthly meetings. You do not have to live in the Bozeman area; all are welcome. Let us buy you a beer, serve you dinner, and provide a wonderful education and networking opportunity.
What: Chapter Meetings, Fun Days, Golf
Where: Bar 3 BBQ in Belgrade MT
When: 5:30 p.m.
Why: Educate yourself and your staff, network, and have some fun.
Meeting attendance is currently free due to our wonderful sponsors and chapter fundraisers. Topics we have covered so far include: City of Bozeman Water Regulations, Local Insect and Disease Issues, Winterizing Turf, Lowering Insurance Premiums, the H2B Visa Program, Marketing, and Landscaping with Fruit Trees. We’ve also had a Golf Tournament fundraiser! We have lots of great things planned for this coming season.
Upcoming Events:
April 9th – Chapter Meeting
May – No Meeting
June 11th – Chapter Meeting
July Summer Tour – July 24th - 25th
• That’s right, the Fall Tour is in the summertime now. This year the Tour is in Bozeman. Stay tuned for the save-the-date notifications as well as tour stops and other associated events.
• This event replaces a regular chapter meeting. Golf Tournament – Mid-August
• Last year’s tournament in mid-August was a huge success with lots of participants, prizes, and fun games and great times. We are putting together another golf tournament this year. Stay tuned for more details.
• This event replaces a regular chapter meeting. Get Involved!
We would love you have you join us at these meetings. Sign up for meeting topic announcements and reminders using the QR Code on this page. We hope to see you there!
October 2024 During the Zoom meeting called to order by President Peter Hiel, Board Members discussed several important updates. The minutes from the September 12 meeting were approved with minor corrections, and the financials were also approved. Advertising rates for the Leaflet were reviewed. Frank Etzler shared updates on the Eastern Heath Snail’s spread and the need for public education to contain its population; he will provide a pamphlet for distribution at the upcoming Expo. Kristi Browning announced efforts to secure scholarship applicants, while Gina Albaugh provided updates on Expo planning, including speaker contracts and workshop options. Pat Appleby encouraged board members to secure silent auction donations for the upcoming Expo, and other discussions included the Billings Chapter Field Day cancellation and membership updates. The meeting concluded with plans for future events and a reminder of upcoming board elections, with the motion to adjourn carried by the members.
November 2024 President Peter Hiel called the Zoom meeting to order, where the Board reviewed the minutes from the October 12 meeting, approved financials, and received updates on Expo preparations. Gina reported the purchase of event software, which will enhance the Expo experience, and outlined the schedule, including workshops, a tradeshow, and the Northern Rockies Tree School. She also discussed ongoing efforts for event registration, booth sales, and sponsor acquisition, while Erin shared progress on the Best of Montana contest. The Board was reminded to secure silent auction donations, and discussions also included the nomination process for open Board positions, and feedback on the Tree Equity Catalyst Fund grant application. Further updates included scholarship applications, and the Bozeman and Billings chapters’ streaming equipment purchases. The board agreed to continue with LMN for another year, and the next meeting was scheduled for January 6, 2025, in Missoula.
December 2024 During the Zoom meeting called to order by First Vice President James Hoiland, the Board reviewed the November meeting minutes and approved the financial reports, noting an increase in the bookkeeper’s hourly rate. Kristi Browning
recommended awarding a $2,000 scholarship to Ben Hoiland, and the board approved the motion. Updates were given on the NRTS event and Expo planning, with most CEU credits in place and reviewed registrations for the Expo. Gina and her team have been working on building the Whova event app to streamline the event and track its success. Silent auction donations are being secured, with the Board aiming to gather larger items for a potential live auction. Erin Borland reported on the Best of Montana contest, and the Board finalized plans for the awards banquet. The Board also nominated Jason Albaugh for Member of the Year, acknowledging his contributions to the Billings and Bozeman Chapters. In new business, the Board discussed upcoming Board elections and the search for a 3rd VP candidate, while plans for the January Board meeting in Missoula were confirmed.
January 2025 President Peter Heil called the meeting to order. The Board approved the December 2024 meeting minutes and financials, with Gina reporting current MNLA members and registrations for Expo, NRTS, CPP, and exhibitors. James reviewed the Expo schedule, emphasizing the use of the Whova app for session attendance tracking and assigning Board members to scan badges at each session. Nominations for open Board positions were confirmed, and the grand prize for the Expo was set to be a Garmin watch. The Board also discussed plans for the Summer Tour in Bozeman and recruiting support for future NRTS events, with Mike Garvey seeking an understudy for his NRTS board position. Gina highlighted the importance of booking locations early for Expo 2026 and brought forward the need for additional support in her role as MNLA’s events grow. The Board agreed to address this at the upcoming budget meeting in February.
by: ISA Certified Arborists: Gilbert A Smith and Lesley Bruce Smith
From above ground, it was the picture of health! Both of us, each with over 40 years of experience saving trees, looked at our 60’ Blue Spruce and never suspected that it was vulnerable. However, as we drove through town we noticed more Spruce trees down than any other species. Now we had to ask, why, what was going on? As we cleared up the mess in our yard, we decided to weigh some of the branches because they felt so unusually heavy.They averaged 70 lbs. each and the tree had about a hundred branches. When you add that to the weight of the trunk we were able to estimate the tree’s total above ground weight at about 5 tons. That is a lot of weight to get slammed around in 90 MPH winds. More on that later.
As we conferred with our neighbors in the aftermath of the storm, we discovered that this was the worst storm that anyone had ever experienced in Missoula. The meteorologists called it a derecho storm defined as a widespread, longlived straight line windstorm. With winds above the city clocked at 109 mph, our neighbor’s perception was correct. It was a devastating wind that no-one could have predicted or prepared for.
But why the preponderance of seemingly healthy Spruce trees destroyed? As the neighborhood began to gather around our failed Blue Spruce, everyone was convinced that it was because Spruce trees “have shallow roots.” This is a common misconception. Almost universally, people think that trees are held up by strong “tap roots.” This is one of the most damaging misconceptions about trees, that their roots grow deep into the soil. There have been many studies done by Land Grant Universities and the nation’s Arboreta showing that 90% or more of a tree’s roots are located in the upper 3 feet of soil. In fact, the roots of the 300 foot Giant Redwood trees live generally in the upper 6 feet of soil. This is because roots, like every other living organism, need oxygen to survive. They can’t find it deep in the soil. Arborists, like us, know that “shallow roots” were not the cause of the trees’ failure in this July storm.
So, eventually, we hiked up onto Blue Mountain, where the wind speeds were 19 miles per hour faster than in the Missoula Valley. You would have expected more damage up there, right? We found that it was just the opposite. Up in the forest on the mountain there was significantly less tree damage. By our estimation there was less than 1% of the trees that had experienced top breakage or wind throw. Wow! So what was going on down below that we lost so many trees and saw so much damage? Here’s what two educated lifetimes of caring for and saving trees have led us to conclude. This is not rocket science. Trees are healthier when they are growing in a forest. That’s obvious, but why?
First, they protect each other from the wind and from drought by growing close together presenting a barrier and a sun screen. Next, their roots, though not deep, grow together interlocking and supporting one another. Also their needles and leaves drop to the ground creating a layer of mulch that excludes competition, holds moisture and creates an environment, that has been scientifically proven, to double the amount of root growth that you will find in a suburban lawn environment. If that’s not enough, the trees on Blue Mountain, mostly Ponderosa Pine, Douglas Fir and Larch are much less dense, due to the harsh windy
and dry conditions which limit their growth and density. In addition, when the trees in the lawn are being watered, there is no incentive for the tree to extend its’ roots to collect water, as there is in the forest. That extension of roots make forest trees much stronger and more resistant to wind throw than the trees in the lowlands. Regular inspections and selective trimming by certified arborists to reduce the density of our Spruce trees would go a long way to prevent the catostrophic damage we saw in July.
We suppose that’s no consolation to all of us who have lost trees or had damage to our houses. But soon after the storm we noticed that our neighborhoods were losing even more beautiful trees. The whole feel and appearance of Missoula has changed, not just by storm damage, but by people removing trees for fear that they may fall in another storm. It is a natural fear based reaction that we understand. We saw the same fear after a tornado went through our old community near Chicago and in New York City after hurricane Sandy. However, we want you to know that removing our big trees is not the best answer. The trees, if planted properly and inspected and cared for by an
experienced certified arborist protect us and add value to our property.
Recovering from this devastating storm has to include a plan next spring to replant new trees. The DNR Forestry Department in Missoula has an annual spring native sapling sale for habitat restoration. Native trees are much better equipped for handling the ravages of nature. By the way, Blue Spruce are not native to the Missoula Valley, even though we all love their stately structure and beautiful color. When native trees are planted properly, they will grow faster than you can imagine and remain longer in the landscape because of their adaptation to their native home. For future safety and beauty, have a Landscape Architect or Designer or Certified Arborist place your trees properly. If you plant on your own please follow these guidelines for success:
1) Plant trees far enough away from structures so their branches don’t hit them when the trees are mature.
2) If you have enough space, plant them in groups of 3 or more, not in lines so they can support and protect each other.
3) Mulch them out to the branch spread, or a minimum of 5 foot radius. This will double the amount of root growth making them healthier and faster growing. DO NOT use weed barriers between soil and mulch as they inhibit healthy nutrient recycling, moisture flow and healthy root development.
4) Segregate the lawn areas from the “forest”. Use your lawn to create pathways through the native plantings using shrubs, flowers and trees grown together in mulched beds. Native areas support wildlife, clean our water and air and provide habitat for our native pollinators and birds.
5) It takes about 1 year for a newly planted tree to get established. During that time they should be watered only once or twice a week for about an hour each time. If you water the trees as much as the lawn, in other words, every day, they will grow too quickly and become too dense, making them more susceptible to future wind throw.
To maintain and save your beautiful big trees remember the importance of the following:
• Have your trees inspected after heavy windstorms. When we live near trees they should also be inspected every 3 years by a Certified Arborist for safety and health. This practice may seem unnecessary or costly but it could save you many thousands of dollars down the road. Regular inspections and trimming are the very best preventative actions you can take to insure your trees remain healthy and safe though out their lifespans.
• The good news is that a lot of storm damage CAN be prevented! Although we cannot prevent all tree damage by violent storms, in driving through the streets of Missoula we see many trees that have been weakened and damaged by the storm that could have had that damaged prevented if they had been regularly inspected and cared for along the way.
There was almost no damage to the trees on Blue Mountain where the wind was even stronger. They protect each other and their canopy is more open, which allows the wind to pass through without as much wind resistance or damage.
Typical of many trees in Missoula, this 80’ Norway Spruce had a weak double crown, 1/2 of which was ripped out. The half that is left is not just 50% likely to rip out, it is 70% likely to come down in a storm. Even one with much milder windspeeds.
This may not look like your typical backyard, but wind tunnel studies have shown that the shape of this Douglas Fir is the strongest shape that a tree can form to hold up during windstorms. That’s how it stands here alone at the edge of a lake.
By: Kristi Browning, MNLA Education Chair
We all know the ecological and economic damage that invasive species can cause in our state, but sometimes it can be hard to keep track of what’s coming and how to identify them. For instance, did you know that we have an invasive snail that spreads plant and animal diseases? Me neither, until I heard about it from Frank Etzler with the Montana Department of Agriculture. In trying to find out more information I came across the Montana invasive species website:
https://invasivespecies.mt.gov/Top10Invasives
A small land-dwelling snail that feeds on a wide range of crops and will climb vegetation and fenceposts to escape high ground temperatures. They can contaminate hay and crops, clog harvest equipment, and transmit plant and animal diseases. While most agricultural and plant pests are insects or pathogens/diseases, this mollusk pest highlights the need for additional taxa to be considered for national plant pest priorities. This snail has been found in Cascade County, Judith Basin County, and Fergus County.
If you head over there, you will also find a fact sheet that includes pictures, ways to identify, pathways of spread, local detection, regional impacts, and
ways to report sightings. It’s a great way to get very detailed information, and it’s all in one location. They also have similar fact sheets for other invasive species including invasive weeds, vertebrate pests, and insect pests (yup, emerald ash borer has made the list).
I hope you find this website helpful as we all do our part to protect our state.
Scholarship Applications Due March 31st.
Just a quick reminder that the spring scholarship applications are due soon. If you know anyone who qualifies to apply be sure to let them know. Download the scholarship application on our website (https://www. plantingmontana.org/scholarships) and return to our office. Awardees will be notified in April and also announced at the Green Expo in January 2026.
Scholarship Frequently Asked Questions
Q: I am currently a high school senior, about to enter a vocational, trade school, or other 2-year program in the fall. Can I apply for the College/ University Scholarship?
A: Yes
Q: I already have a bachelor’s degree and am starting graduate school. Can I apply for the College/ University Scholarship?
A: Yes
Q: I am not an MNLA Member, but I am currently employed at an MNLA company. Can I apply for a Short Course Study or College/University scholarship?
A: Yes, you can apply for whichever scholarship is suitable for your situation.
Q: I’m currently employed at an MNLA company, though I do not have a personal membership. Can my child apply for a scholarship even though they are not choosing a horticulture related field?
A: Yes. MNLA views this as part of providing a benefit to its members and their employees.
Q: I have already received a scholarship from the MNLA. Can I apply again?
A: Yes, previously receiving the scholarship does not automatically disqualify you, though preference may be given to students who have not previously received a scholarship.
Q: I am not an MNLA member, though I am currently studying in a horticulture related field. Can I apply for this scholarship?
A: Consider getting a student membership! The student rate is far lower than the standard membership and includes many benefits such as: discounted rates to MNLA events, receiving the Leaflet Newsletter and other MNLA publications, free access to an electronic version of the Certified Plant Professional Manual, as well as the financial benefit of being able to apply for the scholarship.
Q: What is the purpose of the Short Course Study Scholarship?
A: MNLA’s intent is to support continuing education for those in the industry. A class on retaining wall construction or plant pest identification/control could greatly benefit a member and improve their industry knowledge. MNLA views this as providing a benefit to its members.
Q: I am an MNLA member. Can I apply for the Short Course Study to help educate my employees?
A: Yes, if you are sending an employee to a workshop related to the horticulture business, you may apply for the Short Course Study. There may be limits to how many employees will receive the funds, and there may be a cap for each company. Therefore, we highly recommend reaching out to the MNLA prior to the workshop so you know how much funding may be available to you.
By: Aaron Mihelish, MNLA 2nd Vice President
The Montana Green Expo and Northern Rockies Tree School successfully concluded its annual event with 340 attendees and 207 conference participants. Attendees benefited from a wide array of presentations on subjects such as social media marketing, leadership development, plant health, and hardscape design. The expo’s highlight was the keynote speaker’s inspiring message, “Have a Great Day Every Day.” Thanks to the generosity of sponsors and attendees, the Expo’s fundraising initiatives, including a silent auction, 50/50 raffle, and Midland’s iconic booth, raised $6,800. These funds will directly support the Scholarship Fund and Community Beautification Fund. Also, a shout out to Bill Caras and Caras Nursery for the donation of the table décor for the Awards Banquet!
