End notes Making Car Clubs Work (page 6-11)
Mobile’s Quiet Revolutions (page 20-23)
1. Susan Shaheen & Adam Cohen, Innovative Mobility Carsharing
1. Mobile app marketing insights: How consumers
Outlook, University of California Berkeley, July 2015
2. Avis Budget Group Reports Record, February 2014
2. Push messaging drives 88% more app launches, Localytics, August 2014
really find and use your apps, Google, May 2015
3. The UK’s strong culture & tradition of private vehicle ownership was cited as a key reason for withdrawing from the UK: Daimler to close Car2Go unit in UK, Autonews.com, May 2014 4. BMW car-sharing program quits San Francisco, Autonews.com, October 2015 5. Connected cars and car-sharing , GfK, January 2015 6. Survey of car clubs 2013/14, Car Plus, April 2014 7. Avis buys Zipcar for $500 million, ZDNet.com, January 2013 8. A spokesperson stated that car2go needed 10,000 members and five to eight bookings per car per day to be financially viable: Daimler’s car sharing business car2go to quit UK, Reuters, May 2014
Big Picture (page 24-25) 1. Three-in-ten U.S. jobs are held by the self-employed and
the workers they hire, Pew Research Centre, October 2015
2. Martin Sandbu, Free Lunch: The rise of the precariat, FT.com, August 2015 3. Tammy Erickson, The rise of the new contract Worker, HBR.org, September 2012 4. Robert Puentes & Adie Tomer, The Road Less Travelled: An Analysis of Vehicle Miles Travelled Trends in the U.S. Metropolitan Infrastructure
9. car2go criticised for taking up neighbours’ spaces, The Argus, December 2012 10. A gradual rollout helped avoid complaints about parking for car-sharing:
How BMW cracked the streets of San Francisco, Autonews.com, January 2015
11. Can Europe’s blossoming car share market boost electromobility?
Red Herring, October, 2015
12. Autolib’ is a partnership led by the city of Paris and private-sector affiliates with over 150,000 members and 3,000 cars. BMW recently partnered with Arriva, Copenhagen’s largest bus operator. Dr. Bernhard Blättel, head of BMW Group mobility services said: ‘We are not rivals, but
Initiatives Series, Brookings Institution, December 2008 5. Adam Millard-Ball & Lee Schipper, Are We Reaching Peak Travel?
transport data (1975-2013) from the OECD and International Transport Forum 7. Department for Transport: National Transport Surveys, UK Government, 2011-2015 8. Figures for Norway, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark and France via a combination data from the World Bank (1995-2014) and Passenger transport
cooperate with the providers of public transport in order to further develop urban mobility in a customer-oriented and sustainable way.’ 13. Mobility of the future, McKinsey, February 2012 p11. Image from BMW Group
‘Millenials Don’t Want Cars’: Debunked (page 14-17) 1. Tony Lewis, US: Younger motorists use cars less,
Justauto.com, December 2011
2. Derek Thomson & Jordan Weissmann, The cheapest generation,
The Atlantic, September 2012
3. Alex Taylor, Millennial malarkey: The myth that a generation hates cars,
Fortune.com, August 2014
4. Derek Thomson, Why car companies should be extremely nervous about millennials, The Atlantic, March 2013 5. Michael Sivak, Research review volume 42, UMTRI, December 2011 6. European social survey, Dataset: ESS6-2012, ed.2.1 7. Gautam Malkani, Teenage angst in a digital world, FT.com, February, 2014 8. Mobility Y: The emerging travel patterns of Generation Y,
Institute for Mobility Research, 2013
9. Shiv Malik, The dependent generation, The Guardian, March 2014 10. Gen Y now buying more new vehicles than Gen X, but still trails Boomers, J.D. Power, July 2014 11. Global Automotive Consumer Study, Deloitte, August 2014 12. Millennials Have Drive, MTV Viacom, January 2015 13. Benenson Strategy Group, September 2015
Transport Reviews, November 2010.
6. Using a combination data from the World Bank (1995-2014) and Passenger
data (1975-2013) from the OECD and International Transport Forum 9. Jesse Snyder, Will we set a sales record? Autonews.com, November 2015 10. Consolidated Registrations, By Country, ACEA, 2015
Beyond Design Thinking (page 30-33) 1. Kevin McCullagh, ‘Stepping up: seizing the opportunities design thinking has uncovered’, Design Management Review, Sept 2010 2. Bruce Nussbaum, ‘Design Thinking is a failed experiment’,
Fastcodesign.com, June 2011
3. Geoff Mulgan, ‘Design in public and social innovation –
what works, and what could do better’, NESTA, Feb 2013
4. Gadi Amit, ‘Making sense of Design Thinking: three definitions,
two problems and one big question’, Fastcompany.com, Nov 2009
5. Kevin McCullagh, ‘Strategy for the real world’,
Design Management Review, Fall 2006
Images Daimler (page 2, 11) BMW Group (page 6-7, 11, 17) Apple (page 20)