1 \
o. S. Anderson
28
uel hundredum adjacebant XXVIII liberi homines DB l. 270a; and similarly SaHord, ib.). All the hundreds of this part of Lancashire were named from the manors to which they belonged. Tn Lancashire N. of the Ribble no hundreds or wapentakes are mentioned in Domesday, though the names of Lonsdale and Amounderness occur as names of districts later included in the hundreds so called. - Tn the second half of the 12th cen tury the whole county was divided into wapentakes. The extension of the wapentake system to the whole of Lancashire no doubt took place after the time of the Domesday survey,' probably in connection with its growth into a separate shire;2 it must be due to adoption of the system found in the counties to the east. The use of the term hundred in Domesday for the later wapentakes of Lancashire S. of the Ribble might be due to its being combined with Cheshire, which is divided into hundreds. In explanation of the peculiar use of the terms 'manor' and 'hundred' in the portion of the survey relating to this part of Lancashire, it has been suggested that the Domesday surveyors here met with a stmcture of society different from that of southern England, viz. an organisation into 'shires' characteristic of the old Northumbrian kingdom; the terminology of the survey might reflect the uncertainty that was the result of dealing with this district on the same lines as southern England.' - The change back from 'wapentake' to 'hundred' did not occur till modern times.'
Lonsdale hd. This hundred now consists of two separate parts, one including the Lancashire portion of Lonsdale proper, called Lonsdale hd S. of the Sands, the other, known as Lonsdale hd N. of the Sands, including Cartmel and Furness. The earliest examples probably refer only to the former part of the hundred, as Furness is mentioned as a separate wapentake in 1185 (P). The hundred is bounded on the south by Amounderness hd, from which it is separated by the Cocker and by vast peat mosses.
Lanesdele -dale Wapentacum 1169, Lanesdala Wapentacum 1188 LPR, Lunesdal'wapentacum 1197 P, wapentac de Lanesdal' 1199 Ch,wapentacum de Lanesdal', Launesdal' 1226--8, de Launesdale 1246 Fees, wapeltacci de Lanisdal' 1235 Cl, wapentach' de Lanes dale 1292 QW, 1327 SR. - The hundred-name is adapted from the old name of the district, the Lune valley; v. further PNLa 167, ERN 270. Op. cit. 152; VRLa I 271; ERR 41, 28. 2 Cl. Tait op. cit. 177 l. , V. Jolliffe, ERR 41 pp. 1--42, and on the shire system in general more fully above p. XXIII. , Cf. Chetham Miscellanies N.S. vo!.;) (pt. 3) p. 7 and see above p. XXTIT. 1
The English Hundred·Names
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Amounderness hd. The district between Lonsdale hd and the Ribble; Ribchester par in the SE. part of the district now belongs to Blackburn hd (with the exceptiQn of Alston with Hothersall township), but it was surveyed with Amounder ness in 1086.
Wapentac de Agmlllldernesse 1194 La Ch, wapetac' de Aumun d'rnesse 1199 Ch, Wapentacum de Agmundernes 1206 LPR, wapentaki de Aumundirnes 1212 Fees, Amundernes 1215 LPR, 1246 Fees, wap af Augmanderness 1226 LT, wapentacum de Aumundemesse 122u-8, de Aumendrenes 1242 Fees, Wapentach' de Amllnndernp-sse 1327 SR. - Further examples, not explicitly referring to the wapentake, are: A[g]hemundesnes 930 (14) YCh 1, Agemyndrenesse 1086 DB, Agmundernesia 1094 La Ch (copy), provineia quae vacatur Agmundernes 1123 SD, Aumadernesse 1166 RBE, 1218 Cl, Almunriernesse 1178 LPR, Almundernies' 1206 Cl, Amunderness' 1208 Cur, Agmodernesse 1214 Cl, Augma dernesse 1243 Pat. - ON * Agmundar-nes from ON Agmundr (Ogmundr) pn and ON nes 'head-land'. The view that the name denoted the whole peninsula between the Cocker and the Ribble estuaries (v. PNLa 139)" seems to me most likely; cf. Holderness YER and Ness Li, also Nassaborough Np (from OE nmss). Blackburn hd. On the Yorkshire border, mainly S. of the Ribble where it includes the pars of Blackburn and Whalley, but also including a small district to the north of the Ribble (see above); it borders on SaHord hd in the south, from which it is separated by high moorlands; and on Leyland hd in the west.
Blacheb1!1"n hvnd' 1086 DB, Blakeburne Wapentacum 1188 LPR; Blakeb1.lrnescira 1147-54 (13) YCh 641, wapentacum de Blakeburnesir' 1226-8, de Blakeburnsir' 1242, de Blakeburnschyre 1246 Fees, wap af Blakeburnechire 1292 LT, Wapentach' de Blake burneshire 1327, de Blackburnshil" 1332 SRi wap af Blakeburn 1323 Pat. - It is named from the manor of BLAcKBuRN: Blachebvrne 1086 DB, Blakeburn' 1187 P (p), 1242 Fees, Blakeburn 1256 FF; - from OE blmc and burna 'black stream', the old name of the river Blackwater (v. PNLa 74).' 1 Clitheroe castle was the caput of the hundred (v. VRLa VI 231), and it is sometimes called the wap of Clitheroe, as in 1322 Mise, 1349 Ipm, 1361 Fine. Cf. also QW 382: quo ad wapentach' de Blakeburnesyre dicunt quod ipse habet curiam suam de Clyderhou que vulgaliter appellatur wapentach' de Blakeburnesyre ubi omnes homines ejusdem wapentaehi placitare de· bent ... a tempore quo non extat memoria ...