EN Physics: Laboratory Experiments

Page 40

2 Mechanics 2.5 Rotational Motion

P2131900

Laws of gyroscopes / 3-axis gyroscope

Determination of the momentum of inertia from the slope of straight line tR -1 = f(tP).

Principle

Gyroscope with 3 axes

The momentum of inertia of the gyroscope is investigated by measuring the angular acceleration caused by torques of different known values. In this experiment, two of the axes of the gyroscope are fixed. The relationship between the precession frequency and the gyro-frequency of the gyroscope with 3 free axes is examined for torques of different values applied to the axis of rotation. If the axis of rotation of the force free gyroscope is slightly displaced, a nutation is induced. The nutation frequency will be investigated as a function of gyro frequency. Tasks 1. Determination of the momentum of inertia of the gyroscope by measurement of the angular acceleration. 2. Determination of the momentum of inertia by measurement of the gyro-frequency and precession frequency. 3. Investigation of the relationship between precession and gyro-frequency and its dependence from torque. 4. Investigation of the relationship between nutation frequency and gyro-frequency. What you can learn about ▪ Momentum of inertia, Angular momentum ▪ Torque ▪ Precession, Nutation

Main articles Gyroscope with 3 axes Light barrier with counter Additional gyro-disk w. c-weight Power supply 5 V DC/2.4 A with 4 mm plugs

02555-00 11207-30 02556-00 11076-99

excellence in science 38

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Function and Applications Demonstration and practical set for working up the gyroscope laws. Benefits The following relationships can be produced: ▪ Precession (influence of torque and rotational frequency) ▪ Nutation (influence of the speed of the disc on the nutational frequency) ▪ Measurement of the moment of inertia of the gyroscope disc from the angular acceleration for a known torque ▪ Investigation of the relationship between the duration of a precession rotation and the rotational frequency of the gyroscope disc, Investigation of the relationship between the precession frequency and the turning moment exerted on the gyroscope axis for constant rotational frequency of the disc ▪ Determination of the relationship between the rotational and nutational frequency of the gyroscope disc ▪ Gyroscope disc with double ball bearings, balanced and freely movable via 3 axes, which is wound up by hand with the aid of a thread ▪ Mounted on a metal stand, Sliding counterweight for calibrating the gyro disc Equipment and technical data ▪ Disc diameter: 245 mm, Disc thickness: 25 mm ▪ Disc weight: approx. 1317 g, Counterweight: approx. 925 g 02555-00


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