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JANUARY 2020

2020

TIME TO SHINE

WHO

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PIMLICO & BELGRAVIA EYE

PUBLISHER: DAVID M. MEHRA EMAIL:

david@eyepublications.co.uk

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DOLPHIN SQUARE | PIMLICO | SW1 3LX

ST PETER'S CHURCH, EATON SQUARE

ADVERTISING MANAGER: PHILIPPA ROBINSON

DIGITAL CONTENT EDITOR: SAM philippa@eyepublications.co.uk PRODUCTION MANAGER: MIKE LERMER CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING: RICHARD RUSHWORTH DISTRIBUTION: ZONAL EXPRESS richard@eyepublications.co.uk T EL: 020 7351 4831 ACCOUNTS: SARAH BRAITHWAITE pimlico.eye@yahoo.com sarah@eyepublications.co.uk WEB: www.eyepublications.co.uk WEB DESIGN : PHILIP CARR pcarr@webuilders.co.uk St Peter’s offers a warm welcome to a mixed community in Victoria, Belgravia and Pimlico, and have a diverse congregation who come from other areas of London too. Each Sunday they offer a lively Family Eucharist attended by lots of families and children, and a Sung Eucharist with an outstanding professional choir and beautiful liturgy. As an inclusive church all are warmly welcomed. We seek to worship God together, to serve others and to proclaim the gospel of God’s love made known in Jesus Christ. We have a pre-school group called the Poppets, who meet twice each week, a Youth Group, Pilgrim and Faith Groups and regular quiet days and retreats. We are delighted to be involved in the exciting community around the church, in outreach work to the homeless, refugees and with our neighbours in other lands, and we host daily AA meetings. St Peter's is a popular venue for concerts and events, we have our own excellent concert series, the Eaton Square Concerts, and many charities hold functions and meetings here. We are home to the Knightsbridge Kindergarten and the Body Doctor, who are based in the crypts of the church. We have a very special relationship with St Peter's Church of England Primary School, and their pupils regularly come to use the church for assemblies and worship.

was built between 1824 and 1827 during the first development of Eaton Square. The interior was, as was common at the time, a "preaching box ", with galleries in three sides and the organ and choir at the west end. James Elmes called the effect "chaste and simple ".

This building burnt down, and in 1837 was rebuilt from Hakewill's drawings by one of his sons. The original building was a Commissioners' church, receiving a grant from the Church Building Commission towards its cost. The full cost of the building was £22,427 (equivalent to £1,960,000 in 2019) towards which the Commission paid £5,556.

In 1875, the church was enlarged and reordered to designs by Sir Arthur Blomfield, who added a chancel at the east end and north and south transepts and "fiercely normanized " the interior. Internally Blomfield's chancel and transepts are Romanesque Revival, but externally they conform with Hakewill's neoclassical style. From its founding St Peter's, Eaton Square, Pimlico and until at least 1878 was usually recorded as St Peter's, Pimlico. In 1953 the crypt containing some 400 burials was cleared and the remains reinterred at Brookwood Cemetery in Surrey.

The Vicar of St Peter’s, Revd Ralph Williamson, was ‘Collated ’ to the parish in April 2015. Previously Ralph was College Chaplain at Christ Church, Oxford, a Team Vicar in Herefordshire and Curate at St Andrew’s Southgate, and was ordained in the London Diocese. He is a qualified Psychodynamic Counsellor and is married with two children. Revd Julie Khovacs joined the parish as Assistant Priest in September 2015 and moved from a curacy at Ashford Parish Church. Originally from the USA, Julie studied Theology in Canada and Scotland, and trained at Wescott House in Cambridge. Her husband is also ordained and serving a curacy in London. Revd Ros Trafford-Roberts is the Honorary Assistant Priest and two other clergy, Revd Ron Swan and Revd Tony Kyriakides also sometimes preach and celebrate at St Peter’s.

On 20th October 1987 an anti-Catholic arsonist set fire to the east end, in the mistaken belief that the building was a Roman Catholic chapel. Within hours the church was engulfed. By the next day the fire was out but only the Georgian shell of the building remained. It was roofless, with most of its furnishings destroyed.

The church needed total rebuilding. The Braithwaite Partnership of architects was appointed to completely redesign the building with a new and simpler interior, and to incorporate within the site a vicarage, offices, flats for a curate, verger and music director, a meeting hall, nursery school rooms and a large playroom for the church's youth club. Pimlico & Belgravia Eye April 2020

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LFB have declared that an undetected fire which spreads “would pose a significant risk to life from the products of combustion and delay firefighting operations.”

FIRE RISKS FOUND AT VICTORIA COACH STATION Victoria Coach Station has been given a fire enforcement notice after concerns were raised from fire experts that revealed a “catalogue of major fire risks”.

The automatic fire alarm system did not have enough wide coverage for passengers to hear, as well as an untested battery smoke detector being used in the mezzanine area.

The safety risks that were found at the busy coach station included: * Holes in walls, which could cause a fire to spread * Inadequate and broken sprinklers, which were out of use for ....more than two years * Unclear fire escape signage and notices, which could mislead ....and confuse people, in the event of a fire * No evidence that an evaluation of risks had taken place * Fire staircase from maintenance workshop used for storage

Holes in walls were discovered in various areas of the coach station, including the basement maintenance area, ticket office storeroom, service area behind the information desk, mezzanine level, service cupboard of men’s toilet in the North East Terminal, electrical intake room at the arrivals terminal and finally, the gas intake room in the office block. This will allow smoke and heat to spread rapidly and increase the severity of the fire.

The report highlighted that fire exit signs at the station were of “mixed standards ”, other signs were “contradictory ” in the mobility lounge, while “degraded ” signs in the maintenance workshop, was also mentioned.

A fire safety expert described it as a “walking disaster area ” for the 14 million passengers, that Victoria Coach Station has annually, as investigations found that customer safety had not been prioritised.

TFL has appointed a contractor to reinstate the coach station’s sprinklers and have deployed 24/7 fire watchers while this project is completed.

The notice has prompted MP for Cities of London and Westminster, Nickie Aiken, to contact the deputy mayor of London and the Transport Commissioner with her concerns. She said: “I’m greatly concerned to learn that TfL has received an enforcement notice by the London Fire Service for Victoria Coach Station. Passenger and employee safety should be the top priority. I hope and expect that TfL will take this issue very seriously and comply.”

It also referenced that no live or mock emergency evacuation had taken place. A TFL spokeswoman said the last full evacuation exercise was taken on 4th October 2019, “with partial evacuation exercise on 14 October 2019.”

Mock emergency evacuation exercises are crucial in spotting any problems that need to be improved, and train staff in the procedures of evacuation. However, the report said that employees had not been given “clear and relevant information ” about fire alarms at the coach station and fire suppression systems, which could “lead to delays and impede firefighting.”

An evaluation, carried out by London Fire Brigade experts, on the sprinklers at the East Terminal departures canopy revealed that they had not been working since 2017, highlighting the risk of fire spreading to other vehicles, exposing heat and smoke to passengers, and “possibly affecting their means of escape.”

Pimlico & Belgravia Eye April 2020

According to a Transport for London spokeswoman, the last full evacuation exercise had taken place on 4th October and a ‘partial evacuation exercise’ on 14th October 2019.

Transport bosses were told the breaches of the fire safety order had to be put right by March 23. 4

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DOUGLAS MACMILLAN MBE

ALAN DAWTRY

was born on 10 August 1884, in Castle Cary, Somerset, the seventh of eight children of William Macmillan and his wife Emily.

was born in Sheffield, son of Melancthon and Kate Dawtry. After leaving King Edward VII school, he took a law degree at Sheffield University (which later conferred an honorary doctorate on him). He started his local government career before the war as a police prosecutor with Sheffield city council.

He was educated at Sexey's School, Bruton, the Quaker Sidcot School, Winscombe, and then at the Birkbeck, University of London in 1901. Macmillan entered the civil service in London in 1902 and worked in the Board of Agriculture and, later, the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, retiring as a staff officer in 1945.

On the outset of war, Alan joined the army. In 1940 he was stranded in France by Hitler’s Blitzkrieg. Ordered to return to Britain, he made his way across country to Cherbourg. When he arrived, only one ship remained in the harbour. Alan discovered the captain dead drunk, arrested him and sailed across to Britain.

The death of his father from cancer, in 1911, left a deep impression on Macmillan, and the following year, despite having no medical background himself, he founded the Society for the Prevention and Relief of Cancer, with a donation of £10. The National Health Service had yet to be established, and registration of nurses was not introduced until 1919. At the time no health and safety acts had been passed by Parliament and public health had yet to become a priority for the state. In setting up the society, Macmillan "wanted to see homes for cancer patients throughout the land, where attention will be provided freely or at low cost, as circumstances dictate... [and]... panels of voluntary nurses who can be detailed off to attend to necessitous patients in their own homes." Macmillan managed the charity, along with other volunteers, while working full-time as a civil servant. In 1924 he moved to Sidcup, where he would live until 1966. In 1930 the charity took on its first full-time member of staff. The organisation he founded has since flourished and is today known as Macmillan Cancer Support.

Alan fought in the North African campaign. He took part in the landings in Salerno and Anzio, Italy, for which he was made MBE. In charge in Milan in April 1945, he gave the order to cut down the bodies of Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci when told that they had been hung out on public display. He ended the war as a lieutenant colonel.

In 1956 he became the town clerk of Westminster city council (the post was later renamed chief executive. In 1958, he introduced the first parking meters in Britain. He played a major part in the reorganisation that resulted from the London Government Act 1963 and created the present pattern of 32 London boroughs.

In 1977 Alan negotiated the purchase of a new computer for Westminster council from the US company Sperry Rand. His acumen so impressed the Americans that they appointed him chairman of their UK subsidiary.

Macmillan was a vegetarian. In 1909, he wrote an open letter to all Christians entitled Shall we slay? which encouraged orthodox Christians to consider vegetarianism.

Having been warned by his mother not to rush into matrimony, he married for the first time at the age of 81, to Sally Chalklin.

Macmillan died of cancer on 9th January 1969 at his home Carylande, Ansford in Castle Cary, aged 85.

A blue plaque was erected to honour him at his former residence of 15 Ranelagh Road, Pimlico in 1997. Pimlico & Belgravia Eye April 2020

6

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AUBREY BEARDSLEY

Beardsley was the most controversial artist of the Art Nouveau era, renowned for his dark and perverse images and grotesque erotica, which were the main themes of his later work. His illustrations were in black and white, against a white background. Some of his drawings, inspired by Japanese shunga artwork, featured enormous genitalia. His most famous erotic illustrations concerned themes of history and mythology; these include his illustrations for a privately printed edition of Aristophanes' Lysistrata, and his drawings for Oscar Wilde's play Salome, which eventually premiered in Paris in 1896. Other major illustration projects included an 1896 edition of The Rape of the Lock by Alexander Pope.

was born in Brighton, on 21st August 1872. At the time of his birth, Beardsley's family, were living at 12 Buckingham Road.

The family settled in London in 1883. A year later Aubrey appeared in public as an "infant musical phenomenon ", playing at several concerts with his sister. In January 1885, he began to attend Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School. His first poems, drawings, and cartoons appeared in print in the school's magazine. In 1888, he obtained a post in an architect's office, and afterwards one in the Guardian Life and Fire Insurance Company. In 1891, under the advice of Sir Edward Burne-Jones and Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, he took up art as a profession. In 1892 he attended the classes at the Westminster School of Art, then under Professor Fred Brown.

He also produced extensive illustrations for books and magazines and worked for magazines such as The Studio and The Savoy, of which he was a co-founder. As a co-founder of The Savoy, Beardsley was able to pursue his writing as well as illustration.

Beardsley was a caricaturist and did some political cartoons, mirroring Wilde's irreverent wit in art. Beardsley's work reflected the decadence of his era and his influence was enormous, Some alleged works of Beardsley's were published in a book titled Fifty Drawings by Aubrey Beardsley, Selected From the Collection of Mr. H. S. Nicols. These were later discovered to be forgeries.

In 1892, he travelled to Paris, where he discovered the poster art of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and the Parisian fashion for Japanese prints, both of which would be major influences on his own style. Beardsley's first commission was Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory.

Beardsley's work continued to cause controversy in Britain long after his death. During an exhibition of Beardsley's prints held at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1966, a private gallery was raided by the police for exhibiting copies of the same prints on display at the museum, and the owner charged under obscenity laws. Beardsley was a public as well as private eccentric. He was associated with the homosexual clique that included Oscar Wilde and other English aesthetes, the details of his sexuality remain in question. Speculation about his sexuality includes rumours of an incestuous relationship with his elder sister, Mabel, who may have become pregnant by her brother and miscarried.

His six years of major creative output can be divided into several periods, identified by the form of his signature. In the early period his work is mostly unsigned. During 1891 and 1892 he progressed to using his initials, A.V.B. In mid-1892, the period of Le Morte d'Arthur and The Bon Mots he used a Japanese-influenced mark which became progressively more graceful, sometimes accompanied by A.B. in block capitals.

During his career, Beardsley had recurrent attacks of tuberculosis. He suffered frequent lung haemorrhages and was often unable to work or leave his home.

He co-founded The Yellow Book with American writer Henry Harland, and for the first four editions he served as Art Editor and produced the cover designs and many illustrations for the magazine. He was also closely aligned with Aestheticism, the British counterpart of Decadence and Symbolism. Most of his images are done in ink and feature large dark areas contrasted with large blank ones, and areas of fine detail contrasted with areas with none at all. Pimlico & Belgravia Eye April 2020

Beardsley converted to Roman Catholicism in March 1897. In December 1896, he suffered a violent hemorrhage. By April 1897, his deteriorating health prompted a move to Menton where he died on 16th March 1898, of tuberculosis aged 25 years old.

The blue plaque at 114 Cambridge Street, opposite St Gabriel’s Church, was where he lived between 1893 and 1895 with his sister Mabel and mother Ellen. The two connecting rooms on the first floor in Cambridge Street were used by Beardsley as a drawing room-cum-studio. An exhibition at Tate Britain of some 200 drawings is being held from 4th March to 25th May 8

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WESTMINSTER HOSPITAL

A new Nurse's Home was built in Vincent Square in 1960, and a new wing for the hospital building.

was established in 1719 as a charitable society "for relieving the sick and needy at the Public Infirmary in Westminster ", and promoted by Mr Henry Hoare, otherwise "Good Henry ", son of Sir Richard Hoare and a Partner in the bank C. Hoare & Co, and his associates the writer William Wogan, a vintner called Robert Witham, and the Reverend Patrick Cockburn.

In 1992, the Westminster Hospital closed, and in 1993 re-opened, as the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, in Fulham Road. The old buildings were converted into luxury flats called Westminster Green, which preserve the façade of the original hospital building. The previous buildings in Broad Sanctuary survived until destroyed by a fire in 1950; the Queen Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, now stands on the site.

The hospital grew to 31 beds by 1724, necessitating a move to Chappell Street (later renamed Broadway). In 1733, a disagreement between the Governors and the medical staff led to a mass exodus of medical staff, who went on to set up what became St George's Hospital. Meanwhile, the Infirmary continued with its existing Governors and moved to Buckingham Gate in 1735, where it was known as the Westminster Infirmary for the Sick and Infirm. By 1757 there were 98 beds and the site was expanded with building work and the acquisition of neighbouring property. By 1760, it was known simply as the Westminster Hospital.

The hospital has had a number of distinguished medical students

In 1831, a new site at the Broad Sanctuary opposite Westminster Abbey was acquired, and a new and spacious hospital building was completed and opened in 1834, at a cost of £40,000. The hospital was situated by the Broad Sanctuary and the northern side of the nave of Westminster Abbey, between the Sessions House and Victoria Street, and accommodated about 200 in-patients, and the total number of patients relieved annually, in an 1878 account, was about 20,000. It was the first subscription hospital erected in London, and was incorporated in 1836.

and staff including Hale Thompson who performed the first operation under general anaesthetic at the hospital. The physician John Snow studied and worked at the hospital and is best known for his discovery in the 1854 cholera epidemic that the disease was water borne. Lord Lister was the surgeon responsible for developing the antiseptic technique. Sir Clement Price-Thomas was one of the pioneers of thoracic surgery and famously operated on King George VI within Buckingham Palace in 1951. In 1981, Professor Brian Gazzard diagnosed one of Europe’s first cases of AIDS at Westminster Hospital.

The hospital has also installed a heritage timeline and permanent public exhibition at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, to celebrate its fascinating history and installed an online heritage page. Thanks to support from the National Lottery Heritage Fund, this exhibition includes artefacts from the hospital archives, oral accounts and memories from past staff and a variety of film footage and photographs.

In 1924, the Westminster Hospital was substantially refurbished. In 1938, the Westminster Hospital moved to St John's Gardens, Westminster, and included The Queen Mary Nurses' Home and a Training School, both opened in 1938, followed in 1939 by the opening of the new Westminster Hospital building opposite, in Horseferry Road. The new building was hit by bombs in 1940 and suffered from a nearby landmine explosion in 194.

Upon the foundation of the National Health Service in 1948, the Westminster Hospital was placed in a new "Westminster Group of Hospitals ", which included, also, the Gordon Hospital, the Westminster Children's Hospital and the All Saints' Hospital.

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Charitable support continues to be as integral today as it has been throughout the hospital’s 300 years. The most recent example is the £12.5 million they have raised to redevelop and expand the hospital’s adult and neonatal intensive care units.

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OF ARTILLERY   A HISTORY MANSIONS

WHEN CHINA SNEEZES

Victoria Street saw some of the finest Victorian mansions blocks to be built in London around the mid – late 1800’s. Victoria Street itself was formed circa 1847-1851 and St James Underground Station was opened in 1868 which explains the rise of residential mansions blocks.

The remorseless spread of the Coronavirus pandemic has illustrated the perils of the interconnected world, and given encouragement to those who have been warning of the dangers of globalisation.

It has also starkly highlighted the dangers presented by China, where the virus originated. Whereas Great Britain was the ‘workshop of the world’ in the 19th century, that title has now passed to China. The colossal growth of China’s economy over the last two decades has propelled it to the point where it is the world’s second largest economy, and it was on the point of challenging the United States for the top spot.

Built around open-courtyards which served as carriage ways and residents gardens, the mansions blocks were typically red brick in the fashionable Queen Anne style. Originally the apartments would have appealed to bachelors as many apartments would not have had kitchens and instead there would have been a communal dining area and a host of servants to maintain the flats, and the needs of

But do we really want to rely .on an undemocratic country to .drive the global economy and .keep its supply chains flowing? China’s record on human rights is appalling. It persecutes .Tibetans and Uyghurs, .Muslims and Christians. It .is turning atolls in the .South China Sea into military bases, and wants to turn it in to a Chinese lake. Its navy and air force are intent on excluding or controlling the passage of other nation’s fleets, even in international waters.

the residents. As the need for domestic help begin to decline, the communal setup of mansions blocks lent themselves well to being turned into hotels and Artillery mansions was one such building. Comedian, Norman Wisdom describes having been an errand boy in a hotel on Victoria Street in the 1920’s.

Apart from its lack of democracy and persecution of minorities China is also a massive polluter. Whilst the UK and other western countries agonise over building new runways and rush to close coal fired power stations, China is building a dozen new airports a year, and opening more new coal-fired power stations than the rest of the world combined. We may smugly tell ourselves that we will be carbon neutral by 2050 (or even 2040), but in reality all we have done is sub-contract our pollution to China.

Artillery Mansions was commandeered in the Second World War as a Secret Intelligence Service Headquarters and is believed that the bar of St Ermin’s Hotel was a playground for double agents and less than honourable spooks.

After the war the building was again used as a private residence, in particular to house ex-servicemen. The Army & Navy Company, which owned The Army and Navy Store on Victoria Street, registered ‘Army and Navy Ltd ’ at Artillery Mansions as a lettings management company.

Finally, China does not play fair on trade. Whilst granted almost unfettered access to western markets since the unwise decision to allow her to join the World Trade Organisation in 2001, she severely restricts inward investment and inward trade, and routinely steals intellectual property on an industrial scale.

President Trump has many critics in America and around the world, but in his attempt to stop China cheating, and in his efforts to prevent it becoming the world’s number one economy, he is doing us all a favour. The world is a better and safer place for having the US as the top economic and military superpower. If it were to be replaced by China in either role, it would be a catastrophe for us all.

By the 1980’s a deserted Artillery Mansions was taken over by squatters in an attempt to provoke action from the New Scotland Yard opposite and Artillery Mansions earned the moniker ‘New Squatland Yard ’. Infighting and misaligned ideologies meant that the squatters moved on of their own accord. In the 1990’s developers bought the site and redeveloped the building into apartments.

Lionel Zetter is a writer and commentator lionel@zetterspolitical.com

James Roche, the 3rd Baron Fermoy resided there in the early 1900’s. Baron Roche was the great grandfather of Diana, The Princess of Wales.

View my vlog at: https://youtu.be/P3s9k3PBkhc

Pimlico & Belgravia Eye April 2020

12

LONDON'S DOLPHIN SQUARE - A HISTORICAL GUIDE During World War Two, Oswald Mosley who led a fascist movement in Britain, was arrested in his Dolphin Square flat and driven to prison. MI5's Maxwell Knight supposedly recruited future James Bond writer Ian Fleming to the Secret Service from a flat a few doors down.

The Dolphin Square Preservation Society branded the plans ‘excessive’ and insisted they would ‘destroy the ethos, character and fabric’ of the neo-Georgian estate. The buildings, which has been home to princesses, MPs and spies and actors over the last 80 years, has been the subject of three unsuccessful listing bids.

Winston Churchill's daughter Sarah was evicted from the square for chucking gin bottles out of her window. Princess Anne spent several highly publicised months living there with her new husband.

Conservative MP Iain Mills died of alcohol poisoning in his flat, with the result that John Major's government lost its parliamentary majority. High profile MPs such as ex-Tory leader William Hague, former Prime Minister Harold Wilson, and Liberal Democrat leaders David Steel and Sir Menzies Campbell also lived there. Charles de Gaulle based his Free France government in the square during the war. Two decades later the Soviet spy John Vassall was living in the square when he was arrested for treason.

An artist's impression of Dolphin Square, looking south across the proposed new roof of Rodney House (Image: Eric Parry Architects)

Planning officers had, nevertheless, recommended approval, saying the ‘significant’ benefits of new homes – 57 of which would be affordable – outweighed ‘less than substantial’ harm to the conservation area from demolition of Rodney House.

‘The increase in height of the proposed replacement building and rooftop extensions will increase the building’s dominance,’ conceded the planning report to committee. ‘However, given the scale of the existing building, and the simplicity of the proposed architecture, it is considered that the architectural character of the conservation area will be preserved.’

Westminster City Council chairman of planning Gotz Mohindra said: ’Dolphin Square clearly needs refurbishment but this scheme provides too much temporary lettable accommodation at the expense of permanent housing, especially for families, or wider public benefit to justify the harm that the extensive works would do to the conservation area.’

Last year, Westminster Council rejected the US company’s proposal to add 230 new homes by adding extra floors to the red-brick blocks, taking the total number of homes to 1,455. Proposed works included demolishing and rebuilding Rodney House, adding a rooftop extension to the rest of the estate, reconfiguring existing units and adding 16 townhouses. Westbrook has appealed the case.

‘The increase in short-term let properties, which the council and residents fiercely oppose, left us with little choice but to refuse the application.’

When the council rejected the plans last July, members of its Planning Committee took issue with a lack of affordable housing. They also complained about the proposed increase in the number of serviced apartments, which would have risen from 143 to 160.

Developer Westbrook Partners will take a controversial planning application to revamp the Square to a public inquiry on May 12th.

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