Referencing an Article – Its styles and types

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REFERENCING ARTICLE-ITS STYLESANDTY An Academic presentation by Dr. Nancy Agnes, Head, Technical Operations, Phdas Group www.phdassistance.com Email:

itations

n styles

rencing

scussion ons

Introduction

Fora peer-reviewed worktobesuccessfullypublished,examined,orsubjectedtoanyothertypeof severedistributionorreview,writingcorrectandpertinentreferencesisacrucialstep.

If authors are not entirely accurate and meticulously thorough in providing references and citations whentheyshouldrecognizethestudyofothers,accusationsof plagiarism andmisrepresentingthe workofotheracademicsmightbeunwelcome.

Inaddition,ifinstructionsandrulesregardingreferencesarenotfollowedpreciselyandconsistently, publicationattemptsmayfail,andgradesmaybelowerthananticipated (Tetzner,2021).

contd...

Everyscientificstudyexpandsuponpriorresearch;evenifitisonanentirely separatetopic,pertinentpriorstudieswillhaveinfluencedit.Authorsof peerreviewed worksarerequiredtoreferenceandcitethisearlierresearch.

This makes it apparent where the current study originated and makes the paper 'scontentmoreaccessibleforreaderstocomprehend.

The actual structure and content of the references and citations in your manuscript will vary depending on the journal we choose to submit it to; therefore, reviewing the publication's Instructions for Writers before to submissionisthefirststep.

contd...

A reference typically contains the names and initials of the authors, the title of the piece, the nameofthejournal,thevolumeandissue,thedate,thepagenumbers,andtheDOI. Including the DOI can help connect to the right article on ScienceDirect since articles are associated to their source (if it was further published on ScienceDirect) but rather associated Scopusrecord.Itisnolongernecessarytomanuallycompileandamendthereferencesinany scientificarticle.

Your references may be tracked by management software like Mendeley, allowing you to share them with the team members. By choosing the appropriate citation style for the publication you submit using the Word plugin, the programme will format the references for you.

Itiscrucialtoensurethatthereferencelistisbeingexaminedandamended,justasyouwould withanyothersectionofyourbook.WithexpertdocumenteditingfromElsevierAuthorServices

Language Editing, you can make sure that your references will not prevent you from being published (Elsevier,2023).

Maintypesofcitations

We must be specific when referencing academic journals for readers to locate and check outtheprimarysourcesonwhichourthoughtsandassertionsarebased.

Youhavetwooptionsforcitingsourcesinyourresearchpaper:in-textcitationsandendnotes (i.e.,numberswithinthetextwhichrelatetothepage'sbottomorthepaper'send).Areference listforbothformatsmustbeincludedattheendoftheessay (KH,2023).

Figure1:Typesofcitation

Usageof“etal.”incitations

TheabbreviatedformoftheLatinphrase"etalii"is"etal,"whichmeans"andothers."Whenreferencinga sourcewithnumerousauthors,theabbreviationisused.ItservesasimilarpurposeastheLatinterm"et cetera,"whichisalsowidelyusedandsometimesshortenedto"etc."andsignifies"andotherlikethings" (KH,2023).

Referencing/Citationstyles

There are many different referencing styles; therefore, check the requirements for your specific assignment, or those established by the lecturer or department, before beginning any assignment. For example,the citationorreferenceformat youemploy,suchas Chicago,APA,orVancouver (whichuses anumberedsystem),willdeterminehowyoustructureyourreferences(anotes-bibliographysystem).

Figure2:Citationstyles

In all citation styles, a brief citation, known as an in-text citation, is used in the body of the text as a pointer to the comprehensive bibliographic informationthatwillbeincludedlaterinyourworkinthefootnotes,endnotes, referencelist,orbibliography.Thecitationstyledeterminesthestructureand vocabulary(OTAGO,2022).

The entire reference list or bibliographic information for the sources you have referenced is what is meant by the phrases reference list and bibliography,whicharefrequentlyusedinterchangeably.Ontheotherhand, theterm"bibliography"canbeusedmorewidelytorefertoalistofpertinent, significant,andrelevantsources,whichcouldcontainwritingthatwedidnot specificallycredit.

CitationSoftware

Severalsoftwareprogrammesforreferencemanagement(OTAGO,2022).

The Library and ITS provide support for the popular software EndNote. Both the Mac and

Windowsoperatingsystemssupportit.AllstudentscanuseEndNoteforfreeusingtheStudent desktop. Endnote can also be purchased on your device across Its for a modest charge trainingprogrammesofferedbyITSemployEndNote.

Zoteroisfreetouse.

Mendeleyisfreetouse.

ThecitationmanagementtoolBibTexisavailableifweuseLaTexforourpapers.

ImportanceofReferencing

Thecorrectnessofpertinentdataconveyedinthepaperandattentiontodetail,suchasprecisepage numbering and author names spelt correctly, are all examples of good referencing. Your research will improveduetopayingattentiontoreferences,andeditors,reviewers,andreaderswillthinkmorehighly

ofyou (Santini,2022).Reviewersconsultthebibliographyforavarietyofpurposes.

As mentioned previously, spelling and punctuation require special attention. Additionally, the citation style,whetherHarvard,Vancouver,oranother,mustadheretotheguidelinesforauthorssetoutbythe relevant publication. If the most current reference is older than five years, it could not have been updated completely. Most references from one or more authors may indicate self-promotion, selfplagiarism,ortheselectedcitationofworkswhoseconclusionsagreewiththeauthor(s).

References

Elsevier.(2023).AuthorServices.https://scientific-publishing.webshop.elsevier.com/manuscriptpreparation/how-to-write-your-references-quickly-and-easily/#References

KH,W.(2023).WhentoUseAuthor“etal.”inCitationandReferences.

https://blog.wordvice.com/reference-citation-et-al/

OTAGO,U.of.(2022).WhatisReferencingandwhyisitimportant?

Santini,A.(2022).TheImportanceofReferencing.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5953266/

Tetzner,R.(2021).HowToWriteReferencesforAcademic&ScientificResearchPapers.

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