Annual Report 2022

ANNUAL REPORT 2022

A YEAR OF ACCOMPLISHMENT AND CHANGE FROM THE WORLD’S LEADING VOICE OF THE MINERAL EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT INDUSTRY

ANNUAL REPORT 2022

COPYRIGHT

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- Alex Christopher PDAC

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT

In 2022 we celebrated a major milestone – 90 years of PDAC representing the mineral exploration and development community in Canada. I would like to personally thank all of our 6,400+ members for their continued loyalty and support, which enables the association’s delivery of necessary programs and advocacy on behalf of the industry, and ensures our convention continues as the world’s premier exploration and development event.

As we enter 2023, we anticipate the mineral industry will continue to grow, prosper and evolve to capture opportunities and meet challenges throughout the year, and beyond.

I have been in this industry for decades, and having served on PDAC committees for many years, I’ve seen from the inside how PDAC – the leading voice of the mineral exploration and development community –is able to tangibly connect with our members and continue to successfully engage with government. While faced with wide-spread COVID-19-related challenges, we continued to be vocal about domestic investment and opportunity, about being adaptive, and about proactively strengthening our community.

The minerals and metals sector in Canada employs over 650,000 individuals, contributing more than $130 billion to Canada’s GDP in recent years. Over 12% of the workforce identifies as Indigenous, and this makes our industry the second-largest national private sector employer of Indigenous workers. PDAC values and supports collaboration with all stakeholders, and has a mandate to promote stewardship across the industry for the benefit of the people and communities of this great country.

I am honoured to have had a front row seat during the pandemic to witness first-hand the proactive nature, adaptability and resilience of Canada’s mineral exploration and development community through this

PDAC continuously champions the inherent role that the mineral exploration and development community plays in our daily lives, and in the current and future prosperity of Canada.

President

once-in-a-millennium global threat. As we closed out 2022 and look past the pandemic, it has been very encouraging to see our industry emerging stronger, and with a brighter future, which is a testament to the vision of the role our industry has to play in the future of the planet.

PDAC is encouraged by the commitments that the Canadian government made in 2022 including the December release of the updated Critical Minerals Strategy, which included commitments addressing many of the association’s recommendations. It shows the commitment of our government to support the sourcing of the critical minerals needed to build the clean energy infrastructure required to transition to a lower-carbon future.

Indeed, critical minerals were the ‘talk of the town’ during 2022. This became the focus for some of the best-attended programs and sessions during the in-person Convention and online events. The mix of online and in-person events in 2022 allowed PDAC to offer a wide range of programming and sessions, spurring many conversations around critical minerals and the future. This lead to a wonderful feeling of optimism and a shared sense of growth for the industry, which created significant anticipation leading into PDAC 2023 – the first fully in-person convention in two years.

PDAC continuously champions the inherent role that the mineral exploration and development community plays in our daily lives, and in the current and future prosperity of Canada. So if the lessons learned from the pandemic have taught us anything, it is that we can build greater prosperity by improving the health and well-being of our communities.

With the above thoughts in mind, we are looking forward to increasing our advocacy programs, communications and policies, around making the industry more inclusive at all levels. In 2022, PDAC released several extremely important reports, including the Economic Impacts of Exploration Projects on Indigenous Communities Report , and the Social Impact of Mineral Development Projects in Indigenous Communities Study

The subject matter in the above reports are a significant part of our association’s mandate, as we aim to further our education for sustainable development principles in equity, diversity and

inclusion initiatives through 2023 and beyond. This includes working with federal, provincial and territorial governments, other industry associations, investors, stakeholders, and educational institutions. You can read more about these reports on the following pages.

You can also read here in this Annual Report the significant outcomes from PDAC’s last FiveYear Strategic Plan (2017-2022), plus what’s in store for the next five years. While the pandemic may have slowed progress of a few of our goals, we are humbled by what we have learned, and excited about using that knowledge to create more proactive initiatives over the years to come. In 2023 we will be announcing our new Five-Year Strategic Plan – guiding us to 2027.

This will also be my final year as president, and I look back with pride on the work PDAC has initiated and completed during my 10 years on the Board of Directors. Through my tenure I have had the opportunity and pleasure to connect personally to members, corporate sponsors, and supporters of the minerals sector and mining industry. I will value these connections for years to come.

Moving ahead, I am looking forward to being a part of this important transition period. Mining is a hightech industry with a strong underlying focus on communities, environment, and sustainability. PDAC has – and will continue to – work closely with our partners and stakeholders to provide perspective on how minerals and mining are inextricably linked to the future of this great planet.

Alex Christopher concludes his tenure as PDAC’s president following the annual Convention in Toronto, held on March 8, 2023.

INDUSTRY & SUPPORT

HIGHLIGHTS FROM 2022’S BUDGET ANNOUNCEMENTS & STRATEGY FEDERAL BUDGET 2022 HIGHLIGHTS

In April of 2022, the Federal Budget was released, and PDAC was encouraged by the Canadian government’s focus on the mineral industry. The Budget included investments and other measures that will help Canada realize its potential to become the leading, sustainable global source of the critical minerals needed for a lowcarbon future.

Budget 2022 also included some of PDAC’s key recommendations made on behalf of the mineral exploration and development industry in Canada.

Alex Christopher, PDAC’s president, is quoted as saying “ Measures outlined in Budget 2022 recognize the importance of our sector, and are applauded by PDAC on behalf of its members and the industry at large.”

The $3.8 billion investment into our industry through Federal Budget 2022 includes almost $80 million over the next five years to expand access to geoscience data to support critical mineral exploration and development. This support is a provision that directly responds to PDAC’s budget recommendations.

Additionally, Budget 2022 includes the expansion

of federal fiscal incentives, along with $400 million over the next five years to establish a 30% Critical Mineral Exploration Tax Credit (CMETC). This incentive answers PDAC’s call for the government to double the current mineral exploration tax credit. The new CMETC will be in place until 2027 – three years beyond the current five-year METC term, which is set to end in 2024.

Budget 2022 also recognized our association’s call to increase capacity support for Indigenous communities, with the aim of encouraging their participation in resource development. This support comes with over $103 million allocated in the Budget for the development of a National Benefits-Sharing Framework, and supporting the Indigenous Natural Resource Partnerships Program.

“While the shift in focus towards critical minerals by governments has been swift, it is an opportunity PDAC and the industry has recognized for many years, and we are pleased to see that Canada is being positioned to benefit for the long term,” added Mr. Christopher.

CANADA’S CRITICAL MINERALS STRATEGY

Canada’s Minister of Natural Resources, Jonathan Wilkinson, released the Government of Canada’s Critical Minerals Strategy on December 9, 2022.

PDAC was an active voice in building the Strategy, and the association’s recommendations are seen throughout the piece – which will act as a guide for current and future government decision-making for our industry.

During a public consultation that closed in September, 2022, PDAC offered a series of recommendations that could position Canada for success in the global mineral exploration and development industry – and capitalize on one of the greatest economic opportunities in a generation.

The Strategy recognizes PDAC’s recommendations on the importance of investing in public geoscience and enabling exploration via targeted financial incentives for critical mineral exploration activities in Canada. This will help identify and assess new deposits, reduce risks for proponents and grow the sector.

Budget 2022 also recognized our call to increase capacity support for Indigenous communities to encourage participation in resource development.

INDUSTRY & COMMODITY

HIGHLIGHTS FROM 2022’S FINANCIAL POLICIES & MARKET TRENDS

2022’S INDUSTRY & COMMODITY HIGHLIGHTS

Inflation was the centerpiece of both the markets and Main Street in 2022, with rates reaching the highest seen in decades. To help combat this inflationary wave, central banks around the world increased their interest rates, sparking concerns that a global recession is on the horizon. This in turn led GDP growth projections downward over the course of the year.

Here are three additional noteworthy trends and events from the commodity markets in 2022:

| Base metals were largely under pressure in 2022, even though they were up across the board in 2021. Nickel, however, is the outlier – the only base metal that was up in 2022 – most likely due to the current conflict in Europe dislocating supply chains.

| Precious metal prices were a mixed bag in 2022 with platinum and silver showing some modest gains yearover-year, with gold and palladium prices down for the second year in a row.

| The two principal battery metals – cobalt and lithium – had prices head in vastly different directions in 2022. Lithium pricing went up multi-fold, while cobalt retreated down into negative territory.

The amount of equity and debt invested into the mineral industry dropped by a substantial amount in 2022. This followed the declining economic conditions – and broader market slowdown – experience throughout the year. Debt and equity were down a combined 35 per cent from 2021. The key factors most likely behind the decline of availability of both equity and debt capital in 2022 were the interest rate increases by central banks, and growing concerns for the global economy.

Countering the above market slowdown, global and Canadian domestic exploration spending reached a relative high point in 2022. This is based on a trend from the last decade, where we can see mineral exploration dollars going into the ground in regions around the world has been on the rise since 2013. This trend is expected to reverse in 2023, though, as the decline in investments in 2022 will impact industry activity throughout the following year.

While the amount of exploration spending for critical minerals like lithium, cobalt or Rare Earth Elements (REEs) remains below 5 per cent of the activity in Canada, the 2022 total domestic expenditures exploring for this group is up more than five-fold from 2020. This may, in part, indicate the new CMETC incentive is having a positive impact on investments into the industry’s battery metals segment, along with a growing interest for finding new critical mineral deposits in Canada.

PDAC’S ADVOCACY EFFORTS IN ACTION

Since the association was formed 91 years ago, PDAC has been a strong advocate for – and leading voice of –the mineral exploration and mining community. One of our focuses is on taxation and financial incentives from government and other bodies, that help create projects, opportunities and success for the industry in Canada.

Below are a few highlights from PDAC’s financial advocacy work on behalf of our stakeholders, and for the Canadian community:

| PDAC advocated for and saw the launch of a new listed issuer financing exemption under NI 45-106. This exemption will provide improved access to capital, and create more flexibility for junior companies to raise funds and be better aligned with market activity.

| PDAC successfully lobbied Finance Canada to ensure tax treatment changes for stock options – that began in 2021 – would not impact junior exploration and mining companies.

| The Canadian Securities Administrators adopted PDAC’s recommended amendments to make At-TheMarket offerings more practical and competitive with the U.S. market.

This may, in part, indicate the new CMETC incentive is having a positive impact on investments into the industry’s battery metals segment.

2022’S AWARDWINNING CONVENTION

CELEBRATING PDAC’S 90TH ANNIVERSARY WITH THE SUCCESSFUL IN-PERSON RETURN OF THE WORLD’S PREMIER MINERAL EXPLORATION AND MINING SHOWCASE

PDAC 2022 attracted mining executives, geologists, prospectors, investors, analysts, Indigenous leaders, government officials and students from over 120 countries. With a strong demand for physical events after two years of pandemic-induced uncertainty, the industry showed it was moving forward with enthusiasm.

President Alex Christopher reflected on the changes seen in this space, and remarked on the amount of energy from the sold-out Trade Show and Investors Exchange areas within the convention. “Like most of the world, the mineral exploration and mining industry faced a variety of challenges during the pandemic, and yet its significance and resilience has remained admirable, and that pride was on full display at the PDAC 2022 Convention.”

Highlights from the convention in Toronto include:

• Record attendance at the Opening Ceremonies, followed by captivating programming and standing-room-only crowds.

• PDAC 2022 Awards were given to six recipients in the industry who demonstrated outstanding achievements in the past year.

• High attendance and engaged conversations at the Indigenous Program, including a session on navigating UNDRIP the right way.

• Expanded Keynote Program featuring presentations from industry experts on commodities, the mineral outlook, technology and new discoveries.

• Women in Mining Canada’s (WIMC) annual Mining for Diversity Reception on June 14, and the launch of International Day of Women in Mining on June 15.

• PDAC, in partnership with the World Economic Forum, hosted the seventh annual International Mines Ministers Summit (IMMS), bringing together 20 Ministers from around the world to discuss the mining industry’s role in reducing global emissions.

After being fully online in 2021, PDAC brought back the annual convention for 2022 with an inperson showcase from June 13 to 15 at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre.

IN PERSON CONVENTION STATISTICS OVERALL 17,445 ATTENDEES

29.5% INTERNATIONAL ATTENDEES

120 COUNTRIES REPRESENTED

Outside of Canada, the largest number of attendees came from the United States, Australia, United Kingdom, Peru, Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Mexico, Germany, Ghana, Mongolia and France.

With the positive reception received from 2021’s online-only convention, PDAC decided to host another comprehensive digital experience for those who were not able to travel to 2022’s in-person event. This marked the first time ever in its 90-year history that the PDAC Convention was held both in-person and online.

“The PDAC Convention is about connecting people, and that means offering a platform that allows the broader international mining and exploration community – who may not be able to travel to Toronto – to still have access to the latest industry news, trends, and developments through our extensive programming ,” said Lisa McDonald, PDAC Executive Director.

The Online Convention produced a customized platform where participants could experience live events, navigate exhibit halls, network with colleagues, and join sessions filled with captivating speakers. New programming for 2022 online attendees included the Industry Showcase, Executive Spotlight and Coffee Chats.

The online content – including videos, recordings of sessions during the in-person Convention and exhibits –could be viewed a full month after the event.

ONLINE CONVENTION STATISTICS

1,462 ATTENDEES

44% INTERNATIONAL ATTENDEES

Outside of Canada, the top 10 countries represented were: United States, Australia, Peru, Brazil, China, UK, Namibia, Ireland, Chile, Germany, India and Mexico.

EXHIBITS

10,469 VIRTUAL BOOTH VISITS

93 EXHIBITING ORGANIZATIONS

9 GOVERNMENTS EXHIBITING

PROGRAMMING

74 HOURS ONLINE CONTENT

116 SPEAKERS

80 SESSIONS

5,877 SESSIONS VIEWS

THE TOP FIVE MOST VIEWED SESSIONS WERE:

· Commodities Keynote – Copper Outlook: World Needs vs Industry Means

· Mineral Outlook Keynote – Driving Change for the Next 100 Years: Industry Insights to the Future of Mining

· Technology Keynote – Innovation and the Future of Mining

· Technical Program – The Future of the Exploration Business

· Exploration Insights

The excitement continued as PDAC then hosted two days of programming, exhibitors, entertainment and networking at the Online Convention from June 28 to 29.

On November 24, 2022, the Tourism Industry Association of Canada awarded PDAC’s 2022 Convention with the “Floor13 Business Event Award”.

THE NEXT FIVE-YEAR STRATEGIC PLAN

IN SEPTEMBER, 2022, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND SENIOR STAFF COMPLETED A THREE-DAY WORKSHOP TO REVIEW THE STRATEGIC GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND MISSION OF PDAC.

PDAC’s 2017-2021 Strategic Plan is coming to a close. After navigating changes and adapting to pandemicrelated challenges, the association shifted its focus to reviewing current objectives for creating a plan for the future. This involved looking back at what’s been accomplished to date, as well as looking ahead to what more can be done, and where our priorities should be.

The following is a summary of the previous plan (2017-2021) with a look at the process PDAC has implemented to create the next Five Year Strategic Plan.

LOOKING BACK (2017-2021)

The pandemic was an obstacle not just for the mineral exploration community, but for the world. PDAC showed the association’s ability to adapt in ever-changing circumstances – leading us to refocus priorities into what mattered the most, in the moment, for our members and stakeholders.

PDAC’s Strategic Goals that were included in the 2017-2021 Strategic Plan were competitiveness, influence, engagement and leadership

It was leadership that took precedence above all else during years of pandemic-related restrictions, and the effect that that had on our industry. This included making health and safety priorities over other objectives. One of PDAC’s Strategic Objectives written in the 2017-2021 Plan was to work towards making “the mineral exploration and development industry a global leader in environmental, social and health & safety practices.

That was especially important, as a few of the strategic objectives set into the Plan had to be considered more carefully – or, in some cases, put on hold entirely – during the pandemic. The reason some objectives were difficult to reach was because international travel was shut down for long periods of time, and did not open back up again fully without restrictions until the latter half of 2022.

However, PDAC was still able to achieve success with our overall strategic goals, and most objectives. This included engagement with and influence on the industry – which was seen in our lobbying efforts and success in having PDAC’s top recommendations included in the Canadian government’s 2022 Federal Budget, and updated Critical Minerals Strategy. Both of those items will add strength to our other objectives, and ensure their success moving forward into the next Plan, including seeing Canada become the top jurisdiction for mineral exploration and development activities, the top jurisdiction for related financing, mutually beneficial partnerships between the industry and Indigenous communities, access to an inclusive, diverse and skilled workforce, and PDAC continuing to being a respected leader in the global mineral industry community.

MOVING FORWARD (2022-2027)

While not yet released, the next Five-Year Strategic Plan will be building on the previous years’ trajectory, as well as introducing objectives around guiding the industry in Canada to becoming a world’s leader in transitioning to a low-carbon future.

To create these updated objectives and tangible goals, PDAC’s Board of Directors and senior staff met for a three-day workshop from September 22-24, 2022. This was one of their first in-person meetings since the pandemic, which served as an opportunity to discuss the current 2017-2021 Strategic Plan with a fresh perspective. This helped the working group review the previous years’ goals and accomplishments objectively. This objectivity was a key factor in deciding what were considered as high-level goals from the current plan, and what needed to be more grounded moving forward.

Ultimately it was decided that the current plan was appropriate for the most part, and continued to be a benefit for PDAC’s members, stakeholders and industry partners. However it was agreed that an updated Mission, Vision and Values statements would be included in the new Plan.

One of the major updates that will be seen in the upcoming plan is a greater focus on sustainability and environmental stewardship. While those elements have been a focus on PDAC’s policies, practices and publications, they were not given as prominent a position in the previous plan. Giving these elements a higher priority in the updated plan is aligned with current trends, given that Canada – and the global mineral exploration and mining community – has shifted to the development of critical minerals and other resources to meet industry and government commitments around lowcarbon practices.

Also included will be stronger commitments around promoting and supporting Indigenous communities, collaboration, inclusion, education, access to land, access to capital, and elevated performance.

PDAC looks forward to releasing the new Five-Year Strategic Plan in 2023.

PUBLICATIONS STUDIES, & REPORTS

IN 2022, PDAC PUBLISHED SEVERAL IMPORTANT RESOURCES & GUIDES IN AN EFFORT TO ELEVATE INDUSTRY STANDARDS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP, INDIGENOUS PARTICIPATION AND STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS.

The association works to produce these materials to further our goals of providing PDAC members with relevant, practical and tangible guides for their projects.

The Social Impact of Mineral Development Projects in Indigenous Communities (the Study) was a years-long project that aimed to identify the impacts and demands on social infrastructure for Indigenous communities within proximity to mineral development projects in Canada.

The Study’s goal was to create recommendations and practical strategies that resource development companies could use to mitigate the social impacts of their projects on Indigenous women, families and their community. Using a gendered lens, the Study undertook research and interviewed women in host Indigenous communities.

This project was inspired by recommendations made to the extractive sector found in the final report of the National Inquiry into Missing Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls . The findings in that report called upon governments and industry to recognize that, “social infrastructure must be expanded and service capacity built to meet the anticipated needs of the host communities in advance of the start of projects.”

The Study also aligns with the Canadian federal government’s commitment to implement the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s Calls to Action and accelerate the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDA) National Action Plan

PDAC engaged SOOP Strategies to complete the Study, who have a wealth of experience in the mining industry producing studies, data and impact analysis, community relations and sustainability reports.

The Study was published on September 15, 2022.

This report aimed to educate exploration companies, contractors, and all stakeholders, about steps they can take to ensure Indigenous communities and businesses participate fruitfully in mineral exploration. This was accomplished by uncovering: how exploration projects can influence the economic position of an Indigenous community, what economic opportunities exploration activities currently provide for Indigenous communities, what barriers communities face in fully realizing economic opportunities arising from mineral exploration, what strategies communities are currently employing to take full advantage of these economic opportunities, and how the economic impacts of exploration activities vary across jurisdictions and why.

The Report was compiled from extensive research, surveys, interviews, and engagement with Indigenous communities, which was overseen by a panel of advisors who each brought regional expertise to the subject matter.

The Report’s findings identified systemic and practical barriers hindering the participation of communities, and offered tangible solutions for communities to take advantage of these opportunities, and realize the maximum economic benefit of these projects.

The Report was published on June 23, 2022.

| The Economic Impacts of Exploration Projects on Indigenous Communities Report aimed to build greater awareness around the various economic opportunities that exist for communities at the exploration phase of the mineral development sequence.

Caribou

Management Strategies: Best Practices for

The research that was used for the Caribou Management Strategies report was informed by company case studies that outlined industry-leading practices from operations of various sizes and jurisdictions.

The report was led by a third party consultant, and overseen by Matthew Pickard, Vice President, Environment and Sustainability at Sabina Gold & Silver. Matthew is also the co-Chair of PDAC’s Lands & Regulations Committee.

This report served as a tangible resource for PDAC members to understand strategies to mitigate caribou disturbance at each stage of the mineral development sequence – from exploration to closure.

With this, we help our members plan projects, prepare to undertake permitting activities, and engage communities around environmental impacts. It is also a way to showcase some of the best practices in the sector, raise awareness of industry efforts to address the problem of population decline among caribou, and suggest ways for governments, communities and industry to work together to inform the development of evidence-based caribou conservation policy.

The Report was published on February 16, 2022.

Using data sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, TMX Group, and Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), PDAC produced a detailed report with figures that provided insight on key markers within the mineral exploration and development sector in 2021.

Focusing on three main components: metal prices, investment activity, and exploration activity and expenditures, the report highlighted the issues that dominated 2021: reducing global emissions, the supply of minerals critical to this transition, as well as materials of strategic importance to various regions around the world. All set against the backdrop of an economy that was struggling to recover from a global pandemic, which was a significant catalyst for the trends seen throughout the year – including inflation at levels not seen in a generation.

The Mineral Finance report did leave a relatively positive forecast for 2022, identifying that modest and significant gains were made in various sectors, stating, “The longer-term outlook for Canada’s mineral industry can look towards increasing support from the federal government based on the industryspecific proposals in Budget 2022.”

This report was published online on March 18, 2022.

the Mineral Industry was a report that compared the work of several companies, and provided an overview of the potential impacts to Canada’s caribou populations from mineral exploration and mining activities.

| Mineral Finance 2022: A Critical Year for the Mineral Industry looked at the previous years’ financing trends, price shifts, supply issues and investment impacts seen within the domestic and global mineral exploration and mining development markets.

| CORE Magazine

Winter/Spring 2022 Issue

This issue was the last to be designed, edited and published by Hambly & Woolley Inc., and Cameron Ainsworth-Vincze, respectively, for PDAC. Topics for this issue included the standard Industry News section, a feature on the 2022 PDAC Award recipients, programming and information for the PDAC 2022 Convention, and a detailed look at the newly released Economic Impacts report.

Sent to 32,407 subscribers

Summer 2022

The summer 2022 issue was the first publication produced, edited and designed by PDAC’s new in-house Publications Editor & Designer. Topics included Industry News, an infographic highlighting PDAC’s 90 years of history, our Mineral Finance report, a summary of the 2022 Federal Budget and a Q&A with Sabina Gold & Silver’s Matthew Pickard, discussing the Caribou Management Strategies study. This issue was submitted for two PR NEWS Nonprofit Awards in the “Communications & Campaigns” category. Winners to be announced in 2023.

Sent to 38,084 subscribers

Fall 2022

This was CORE’s largest issue to date – at 56 pages. The issue featured a comprehensive series of articles on Truth & Reconciliation that included interviews with Glenn Nolan, Orange Shirt Day founder Phyllis Webstad, a behind-the-scenes look at the making of the Social Impact Study, and how the mining industry can contribute to the overall health of host Indigenous communities. Also included in this issue was Industry News, a look ahead to PDAC’s 2023 Convention, an article speaking to the generational opportunity of Canada’s critical minerals, the return of S-IMEW, and a special on the 2022 Mary-Claire Ward Geoscience Award recipient.

Sent to 38,000 subscribers, and received an open rate of 39% – the highest of any PDAC publication, plus well above the industry standard open rate average of 17%-28%.

PDAC’S COMMITTEE ACTIVITIES & ACCOMPLISHMENTS

THE WORK OF PDAC IS GUIDED BY THE INDUSTRY EXPERIENCE & EXPERTISE OF ALMOST 200 VOLUNTEERS WHO MAKE UP THE ASSOCIATION’S COMMITTEES.

Throughout each year, PDAC’s individual committees meet to discuss industry changes, important topics and trends in order to create the policies and programs that help make a more sustainable, safe, respectful and mutually beneficial mineral exploration and mining development community in Canada.

The following is a summary of highlights and accomplishments from key PDAC committees.

AWARDS

The committee selected six top international and domestic performers for the PDAC 2022 Awards. The recipients were recognized for their achievements and contributions to the mineral exploration and development community at the prestigious Awards Gala, held on June 14, during our Convention in Toronto. The award recipients were Charlie Greig for the Bill Dennis Award, Keith N. Spence for the Distinguished Service Award, Colin Webster for the Skookum Jim Award, Sabina Gold & Silver Corp. for the Sustainability Award, Rio Tinto Exploration for the Thayer Lindsley Award, and Lundin Gold Inc. for the Viola R. MacMillan Award. An article detailing each recipient was featured in The Globe and Mail’s “Investing in Mining Report” feature, as well as being showcased in CORE magazine’s Winter/ Spring 2022 issue.

The Awards Committee was also honoured to see their nominations – Maureen Jensen and Robert Quartermain – welcomed into the Canadian Mining Hall of Fame in 2022 at the Induction Ceremony held on August 18, 2022, in Toronto.

CONVENTION PLANNING

The committee’s main goals for the 2022 Convention were to successfully host PDAC’s first hybrid event (online and in-person), with a more diverse array of speakers and content. In the latter half of the year, the committee’s goals were to create a full programming agenda for PDAC 2023 that included attendee suggestions and interests following PDAC 2022.

PDAC 2022 was a highly successful event – made even more so as it was PDAC’s first time hosting in June. This event, held on PDAC’s 90th anniversary, won the Tourism Industry Association of Canada’s “Floor 13 Business Event Award”.

The committee is looking forward to continuing to develop a more diverse speaker lineup for 2023, as well as more global topics. As always, the focus

will be to provide content that is closely aligned with current trends in our industry, and to proactively assist attendees to be informed from an educational, discourse and investment perspective.

FINANCE & TAXATION

A top goal for the Finance & Taxation Committee in 2022 was ensuring a successful launch of the Critical Minerals Exploration Tax Credit (CMETC), and to follow the implementation of it. In that context, PDAC has actively consulted with the federal government by providing commentary on draft legislation, suggestions for implementation and administration of the CMETC, and engaging with members on the program. The CMETC was launched successfully, and the final legislation reflected PDAC’s recommendations – which was the number one accomplishment of the committee.

Another topic of focus was the proposed amendments to the Investment Canada Act (ICA) The amendments may limit issuers with critical minerals projects from seeking some foreign capital, which could limit issuers’ investor base – and increase financing costs – as companies may need to look for alternative sources of financing. The Committee also worked to see the CEE Expenditure Review Table updated in 2022. This table provides significant guidance to member companies on the income tax treatment of their exploration and development expenses. Over the last few years, a working group of PDAC and the Association for Mineral Exploration (AME) collaborated with the CRA to address feedback from members related to the table’s guidance. In late 2022, a new table was published, addressing most of PDAC’s recommendations and member comments.

Looking ahead to 2023, the Finance & Taxation committee has several goals, including advocating for the renewal of the METC (which is set to expire in 2024), continuing to monitoring the rollout of the CMETC, continuing to address the issues related to ICA amendments, and proactively increasing the committee’s diversity.

GEOSCIENCE & INNOVATION

Spearheaded by the Geoscience and Innovation chair, the Data Analytics Working Group was formed in 2022. Terms of reference were developed throughout the summer to outline the objectives of the working group –the main objective being the creation of a best practices document for responsible and effective use of data analytics in geoscience. In the fall, the data collection phase for the project was undertaken. The committee will continue to support the Data Analytics Working Group’s progress on this piece throughout 2023, as well as looking at restarting the Geoscience Anecdotes blog page on the PDAC website.

HEALTH & SAFETY

The committee saw an increase in activity and meetings toward the latter half of the year, following the development of a “Spring into Safety” webinar series. The webinars – launched in 2022 from the PDAC member portal – included reviews of practices for safe exploration, helicopter safety, and incident prevention in the field, ahead of the summer exploration season. The committee also continued supporting the annual Health & Safety Survey in partnership with the Association for Mineral Exploration (AME) and the Canadian Diamond Drilling Association (CDDA).

A top goal for 2023 will be to bring awareness to –and expand the availability of resources concerning –psychological health and safety, mental wellness and mental health.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

One of the committee’s focuses for 2022 was to finalize the 2023 relaunch of the Student-Industry Mineral Exploration Workshop (S-IMEW) after a three-year hiatus. After receiving support from the board, with resources attributed to the program in the overall Budget and Workplan, work began in September, 2022, with a planned May, 2023, launch for the revamped and renewed S-IMEW.

Another major focus was to increase engagement, outreach and programming for the Student & Early Career Program. In collaboration with Carleton University Geology Society, the Geoscience Careers speaker series was presented. This weekly live webinar series was held over eight weeks in February and March, and featured a wide range of geoscientists talking about their career paths, a typical workday, lifestyle and career balance. The committee also collaborated with PDAC’s Membership department on the eLearning series in the spring.

The student events at the Convention in June were well attended, with the “Student-Industry Mixer” and “20-Minute Mentoring” programs being remodeled for the show (although lower student registration numbers at the June 2022 Convention were due to student summer work commitments).

The committee was also honoured to collaborate with the Leishman family in 2022, to introduce the Dr. Donald M. Leishman Convention Experience. This opportunity will be first made available for students attending the PDAC 2023 Convention, and is a legacy to Dr. Leishman for his longstanding support for PDAC, and passion for student mentorship in the minerals industry.

Looking ahead to 2023, the committee is aiming to collaborate with and continue supporting the Mining Industry Human Resources Council (MiHR) and Mining Matters, in an effort to increase awareness for underrepresented groups and new entrants to Canada on opportunities in the mineral exploration and development sector in Canada.

| INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS

In 2022, the committee remained committed to monitoring regulatory and policy developments regarding the UNDRIP Action Plan, National Benefits Sharing Framework, and related funding for Indigenous participation in the Critical Minerals Strategy, as announced in Budget 2022. The committee was pleased to be invited by NRCan to submit our reflections on the National Benefits Sharing Framework (NBSF) Scoping Paper. In late November, PDAC presented our submission to NRCan and expressed our interest to be an ongoing partner in its development.

The spring of 2022 saw the completion and publication of the Social Impact of Mineral Development Projects in Indigenous Communities (the Study). Being one of the major priorities for the Indigenous Affairs Committee in the year, the Study’s aim was to identify the anticipated impacts – and subsequent increased demands on – social infrastructure for host Indigenous communities within proximity to mineral development projects in Canada.

Together with the Lands & Regulations committee, another focus was on assisting with modernization of the Mineral Tenure Act (MTA) in British Columbia, by providing additional perspectives around the mineral claim staking process, and the public’s understanding of the free-entry system.

The committee also produced an impactful hybrid Indigenous Program during PDAC 2022. The program had Knowledge Keeper Ed Sackaney lead an opening blessing, and the Indigenous Affairs committee was honoured to lead the development of a conventionwide Land Acknowledgment Guide to open and set the tone of each session and event. Also at the convention, the “Indigenous Leaders Roundtable” was re-branded to “The Sharing Circle: A Gathering of Indigenous Leaders”, and included PDAC President Alex Christopher with five online and two in-person sessions. These sessions brought to life topics such as ESG-I, economic reconciliation, procurement and others.

For 2023, the committee is looking to build on the existing pillars of the Indigenous Program at the 2023 Convention, and continue to highlight the shared learning of the published Social and Economic Impact studies.

| INTERNATIONAL

One of the committee’s top goals for the year was to grow PDAC’s international network of governments, their respective agencies, and cooperative organizations. By the end of 2022, PDAC had developed new relationships with a number of governments, agencies, and organizations, through collaboration on critical and strategic mineral supply

chain development, mineral trade agreements, and implementation of bilateral strategies. This was seen in the PDAC-hosted International Mines Ministers Summit (IMMS) on June 14, 2022, during our annual convention, where representatives from 20 nations around the world gathered in an expanded format that allowed for broader engagement. The theme was “Getting to Net Zero: Mining’s Role in Reducing Global Emissions”, with discussions focusing on the importance of minerals and metals as building blocks for the rapidly emerging clean energy technologies required to achieve net zero.

Another major accomplishment achieved by the committee through 2022 was seeing PDAC continue to be recognized internationally as the global leader for mineral exploration and development – both in terms of convening the world at our annual convention, and in providing sound guidance on policy developments and best practices.

The committee is looking to re-ignite international interest and participation for PDAC’s 2023 Convention, as well as looking forward to hosting another successful IMMS in 2023 – which will continue to build on the groundwork from 2022’s Summit.

| LANDS & REGULATIONS

The committee had three areas of focus in 2022. The first was to elevate member concerns around the inconsistent and lengthy application of the Department of Fisheries and Ocean’s (DFO) regulations. Building off our feedback submissions to Wave 1 engagements in 2021, the committee continued to participate in joint natural resource industry stakeholder calls to further elevate the issue.

A second focus, executed jointly with the Indigenous Affairs committee, was on aiding the British Columbia government’s modernization efforts to their Mineral Tenure Act (MTA), by helping to provide additional perspectives around the mineral claim staking process, and aid the public’s understanding of the free-entry system. The committee also focused on the issue of Protected Areas, and was pleased to share specific concerns directly to the government about using evidence-based decision-making when

designating Protected Areas and Indigenous Protected Areas. We also identified other concerned stakeholders in the decision-making process, thus helping to elevate coordinated concerns and recommendations to the government.

In 2022, the committee provided a submission to the Canadian Wildlife Service’s Protected Areas Directorate at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). This submission outlined recommendations for prioritizing mineral development potential in land management decisions, ensuring fair and transparent coordination with provinces, and consistency with federal initiatives such as Canada’s Critical Minerals Strategy.

The committee is looking forward to continuing to advocate for the above concerns regarding DFO regulations and BC’s MTA through 2023. The committee has also been working with the Mining Association of Canada (MAC) on the Methodology to Assess MiningRelated Disturbance Study over the last few years. This work was in the final stages towards the latter half of 2022, and we are excited to launch it in 2023.

SECURITIES

Early in 2022, PDAC submitted commentary in response to a public consultation regarding climate related disclosure (the proposed NI 51-107, Disclosure of Climate-related Matters). The goal was to identify to the Canadian Securities Administrators (CSA) why there is a need for alternative treatment of junior companies from producers, in a way that reflects the different scale of their activities and related emissions. While a CSA press release in October related to NI 51-107 made no mention of further developments, it is noteworthy that Canada Climate Low Initiative – a non-governmental organization – published the committee’s proposal to

CSA, noting the use of the PDAC GHG Calculator in one of their own reports.

The committee was also part of a public consultation effort aimed at improving National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101) to make it more efficient and better streamlined with a technical focus. NI 43-101 defines technical disclosure requirements for mineral resource projects for Canadian listed issuers, and had not been updated in over 10 years. The committee’s response – and the insights from the public comments to NI 43-101 – were discussed in a Capital Markets Program session during PDAC 2023.

The committee’s number one accomplishment in 2022 stems from consultation and advocacy efforts that began in 2021. The “Listed Issuer Financing Exemption” – which became effective in late 2022 – allows public companies to raise up to $10 million, based on a short disclosure document, instead of a prospectus. PDAC expects this exemption will assist many exploration companies to raise funds and increase their investor base at significantly reduced costs.

Heading into 2023, the committee will monitor the effectiveness of the Listed Issuer Financing Exemption, as well as follow up on the consultation of NI 43-101, and continue to advocate on behalf of PDAC’s members for the ICA Amendment (Bill C-34) through the legislative process.

SUSTAINABILITY

From the end of 2021 into the start of 2022 the “Corporate Social Responsibility” (CSR) committee was re-branded as the “Sustainability” committee. This better aligned the work the committee conducts with the Convention Sustainability Program, and recognizes that responsible exploration

expands beyond just CSR concepts – to encompass environment, social engagement, corporate governance, safety, as well as equity, diversity and inclusion issues.

2022 saw two cycles of committee chairs and members build Convention sessions that address all aspects of this mandate, such as: decarbonization in the junior sector, digital community engagement, sustainable supply chains, ESG reporting alignment and more.

The success of the return to an in-person Sustainability Program at PDAC 2022 reflected the effort of the committee itself, brought by the committee’s chairs who pushed for diversity on panels, the need to address challenges, and create content driven by conversations. Their top goal for the 2022 program – which was immediately followed by a shortened 2023 planning process – was to generate a strong suite of sessions focused on tangible takeaways for junior exploration companies.

The committee also works with PDAC and its stakeholders to develop CSR and ESG-related frameworks, and assess their compatibility with PDAC’s flagship “e3 Plus” framework. E3 Plus will celebrate its 20-year anniversary in 2023, and currently includes ‘Principles & Guidance Notes’, three toolkits, and multiple practical performance guides. The committee has formed a working group to initiate the next generation of the e3 Plus framework. During the coming year, this suite of resources will be updated in partnership with the Communications team and PDAC’s advocacy staff.

UPDATE ON EDI

Equity, diversity, and inclusion are strategic priorities for PDAC, and are at the core of our mandate and values.

As an organization, as a member, and as a representative of the Canadian mineral exploration and development industry, PDAC believes that our sector has the potential to make social and economic improvements within the communities that the industry operates in.

Since the approval of the Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) Policy in October, 2020, PDAC’s board and committees continue to work together on the implementation of the Policy across the association.

PDAC’s 2022 EDI highlights:

| In March, two videos were created for internal use by our committees as part of the EDI Policy implementation process. The videos feature President Alex Christopher, and Director Lana Eagle, sharing their thoughts on equity, diversity and inclusion.

| In April – ahead of PDAC’s annual convention –the Health & Safety Short Course was revised. The updated material included EDI concepts for online delivery, as part of the eLearning Series.

FROM PDAC’S EDI WORKING GROUP INITIATIVES IN 2022

| In the month of May, several initiatives were implemented, including an online and telephone reporting system for the annual convention. This was available for all attendees who may have experienced or witnessed harassment, and/or Code of Conduct violations. A Land Acknowledgment guide was developed to be used by speakers and Chairs for all sessions at the convention, and PDAC staff participated in a workshop – “Allyship and Active Bystander Intervention in the Workplace” – facilitated by MineShift.

| In July, PDAC staff participated in the first of a series of EDI training sessions. These sessions will continue for the next two years.

| September saw the development of the EDI Education Initiative. Facilitated by members of the EDI Working Group, the intention is to inform and provide guidance on EDI reporting measures that are coming into effect in the fall of 2023.

Embracing EDI , a PDAC internal e-newsletter, was also created to share resources and ideas about integrating EDI into the work of the committees.

The first issue of Embracing EDI is scheduled to be sent to all Chairs, co-Chairs, directors and staff in January 2023.

The purpose of this communication is to encourage PDAC committees and staff to include further EDI practices and language in heir day to day activities. It also serves as a reminder that all committees will begin their required EDI activity reporting later in 2023.

2022 MEMBERSHIP STATISTICS

PDAC launched a multi-year membership option. We are pleased to report that in 2022, more than 350 members took advantage of a multi-year membership plan.

This new member retention initiative offers flexibility and convenience, allowing individual and corporate members to upgrade their annual membership to a two or three-year plan. Members choosing the multiyear option have the added benefit of locking in current fees for subsequent years.

DIRECTORY

OFFICERS

Alex Christopher PRESIDENT

Raymond Goldie FIRST VICE PRESIDENT

Karen Rees SECOND VICE PRESIDENT

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Rosario Astuvilca-Rojas INCLUSIVE MINING

Charles Beaudry QC COPPER AND GOLD INC.

Bob Bosshard RETIRED PARTNER, PWC LLP

Robert Boyd ENDURANCE GOLD CORPORATION

Alex Christopher TECK RESOURCES

MaryAnn Crichton SENIOR ADVISOR, HATCH LTD.

Conrad Dix AGNICO EAGLE MINES

Lana Eagle LANA EAGLE CONSULTING

Raymond Goldie INDEPENDENT ANALYST AND DIRECTOR

Doris Hiam-Galvez HATCH

Mary Louise Hill LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY

Jessie Liu-Ernsting G MINING VENTURES CORP.

Lisa McDonald EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Maria Milanova SECRETARY

James Lusby TREASURER

Gordon Maxwell GEOLOGIST

Ellie Owens E2GOLD

Scott R.G. Parsons ALAMOS GOLD INC.

Valerie Pascale

Karen Rees CONSULTANT

Keith Spence GLOBAL MINING CAPITAL

Rob Stevens PAKAWAU GEOMANAGEMENT INC.

Jeff Swinoga EXPLOITS DISCOVERY CORP.

Ciara Talbot LUNDIN MINING CORPORATION

Kerem Usenmez LICAN EXPLORATION

Mary-Carmen Vera CREE MINERAL EXPLORATION BOARD

Raziel Zisman WHITTLE CONSULTING

STAFF

Ariya Andrighetti MANAGER, CONVENTION PROGRAMMING

Munisha Basiram ANALYST, INDIGENOUS & REGULATORY AFFAIRS

Gillian Blakey COORDINATOR, CONVENTION EXHIBITS

Lynn Bodwell CONVENTION MARKETING LEAD

Curtis Byron COORDINATOR, STUDENT AND EARLY CAREER PROGRAM

Michael D’Amelio COORDINATOR, CONVENTION PROGRAMMING

Sandra Doig COORDINATOR, MEMBERSHIP, ADMINISTRATION & RECEPTION

Jahan Hussain COORDINATOR, COMMUNICATIONS

Lynda Joyet SENIOR MANAGER, CONVENTION EVENTS & SPONSORSHIP

Madina Kaytmazova MANAGER, IT & ADMINISTRATION

Kristy Kenny SENIOR MANAGER, COMMUNICATIONS

Nicole Khun ANALYST, SUSTAINABILITY

Jeff Killeen DIRECTOR, POLICY & PROGRAMS

Amit Kumaria MANAGER, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT & STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS

Joan Marilyn Leslie CHIEF ACCOUNTANT

Romika Leslie COORDINATOR, CONVENTION EXHIBITS

Florence MacLeod MANAGER, MEMBER ENGAGEMENT & OUTREACH

Ran Maoz ANALYST, TAX POLICY & CAPITAL MARKETS

Mark McCleary COORDINATOR, MEMBER ENGAGEMENT

Lisa McDonald EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Krishana Michaud MANAGER, STUDENT & EARLY CAREER PROGRAM

Maria Avramova Milanova DIRECTOR, OPERATIONS & HUMAN RESOURCES

Andrea Murdoch EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT

Sarah Nazar (Maternity Leave) MANAGER, CONVENTION PROGRAMMING

Marion Oliver ANALYST, GEOSCIENCE, CRITICAL MINERALS & INNOVATION

Maureen Owens COORDINATOR, CONVENTION PROGRAMMING

Jessica Provencher COORDINATOR, CONVENTION EXHIBITS

Nicole Sampson DIRECTOR, CONVENTION

Steve Shapka ANALYST, GOVERNMENT RELATIONS

Andy Stanleigh PUBLICATIONS EDITOR & DESIGNER

Patricia Tucci COORDINATOR, CONVENTION EVENTS & SPONSORSHIP

Petrona Tulloch STAFF ACCOUNTANT

Stefanie Wolf MANAGER, CONVENTION OPERATIONS

COMMITTEES

AUDIT

| CHAIR Bob Bosshard

AWARDS

| CHAIR Raymond Goldie

Jon Baird

Robert Boyd

Alex Christopher

Patricia Dillon

Peter Dimmell

John Heslop

CONVENTION PLANNING

| CHAIRS Robert Boyd & Valerie Wilson

Charles Beaudry

Antoine Cate

Patrick Chance

Natalie Chu

Mark Fellows

Mark Ferguson

Resa Furey

Raymond Goldie

Eaun Gray

Don Hains

Robert Hearst

Doris Hiam-Galvez

Joe Hinzer

Peter Legein

James Lusby

Francisca Maepa

EXECUTIVE

| CHAIR Alex Christopher

Lana Eagle

Raymond Goldie

FINANCE & TAXATION

| CHAIRS Rob Stevens & Michael Long

Brian Abraham

Peter Bell

Tara Christie

Lisa Davis

Rosario Astuvilca-Rojas

Jeff Swinoga

Felix Lee

Jessie Liu-Ernsting

Bill Mercer

Glenn Mullan

Glenn Nolan

Robert Schafer

Aaron Steeghs

Volker Moeller

John Morganti

Naomi Nemeth

Terence Ortslan

Ellie Owens

Karl Pearce

Reno Pressacco

Spencer Ramshaw

Ted Reeve

Antoine Schwartzmann

Patricia Sheahan

James Siddorn

Keith Spence

Rob Stevens

John Sullivan

Robert Valliant

Shuda Zhou

Felix Lee

Karen Rees

Mary-Carmen Vera

Ron Gagel

Ben-Schoeman Geldenhuys

Greg New

Keith Spence

GEOSCIENCE & INNOVATION

| CHAIR Charles Beaudry

Sandy Archibald

Anna Hicken

Stefan Kruse

Jean Marc Lulin

Michael Marchand

Bill Mercer

Volker Moeller

Marian Moroney

Scott R.G. Parsons

Frank Santaguida

Scott Swinden

Ciara Talbot

Richard Tosdal

Jean-Paul M. Tsotsos

Lawrence Winter

GOVERNANCE & NOMINATING

| CHAIRS Karen Rees & Robert Boyd

Rosario Astuvilca-Rojas

MaryAnn Crichton

Patricia Dillon

HEALTH & SAFETY

| CHAIRS Conrad Dix & Bill Mercer

Rodney Barber

James Barrieau

Tim Bremner

Tom Brown

Jonathan Buchanan

Lorne Burden

Brent Czornobay

Chris Evans

Raymond Goldie

Keith Spence

Mary-Carmen Vera

Ivo Gonzalez

Louise Lowe

Rachael Lynn

Gord Maxwell

James Maxwell

Matthew Pickard

George Werniuk

Brian Wilson

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

| CHAIR Karen Rees

Laura Clinton

Conrad Dix

Mary Louise Hill

Felix Lee

INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS

| CHAIRS Lana Eagle & Michael Fox

Rosario Astuvilca-Rojas

Donald Bubar

Jonathan Fowler

Sandra Gogal

Janet Lee-Sheriff

Dawn Madahbee Leach

INTERNATIONAL

| CHAIR Keith Spence

Sandy Archibald

J. Gregory Goldhawk

Juan-Carlos Guajardo

Florencia Heredia

Jessie Liu-Ernsting

Ryan Montpellier

Christine Petch

Alexandra Squires

Kendra Zammit

Pam Marsden

Gordon Maxwell

Glenn Nolan

Kevin O’Callaghan

Karen Restoule

Sarah Weber

Terence Ortslan

Robert Schafer

Laura Stein

Raziel Zisman

LANDS & REGULATIONS

| CHAIRS Scott Parsons & Matthew Pickard

Cameron Bell

Tony Fogarassy

Michael Fox

Siri Genik

Don Hoy

Stephen Morison

MEMBERSHIP

| CHAIR Mary Louise Hill

Jessica Bjorkman

Marc Gasparotto

Ali Khan

Nickolas Kohlmann

PUBLIC AFFAIRS

| CHAIRS Stephen Morison & Kerem Usenmez

Lynda Bloom

Jim Borland

David Clarry

MaryAnn Crichton

SECURITIES

| CHAIR Kerem Usenmez

Brian Abraham

Lisa Davis

Elaine Ellingham

Michael Fowler

Dennis Frawley

Greg Gosson

Sandy Hershaw

Michael Marchand

SUSTAINABILITY

| CHAIR Valerie Pascale

Amiel Blajchman

Carolyn Burns

Jonathan Fowler

Siri Genik

Raymond Goldie

Dennis Jones

Michael Rosatelli

Sean Samson

Cameron Stevens

Mark Wiseman

Steven Woolfenden

Taylor McPherson

Kevin Neyedley

Spencer Ramshaw

Shari Gardiner

Sean Samson

Patricia Sheahan

George Werniuk

Bruce McLeod

Dean McPherson

Maria Smirnova

Keith Spence

Marilyn Spink

Nick Tintor

Al Wiens

Alexandria Marcotte

Bill McGuinty

Kevin O’Callaghan

Jennifer Prospero

Aaron Steeghs

Ian Thomson

Mark Wiseman