The Fritillary, June 1916 by Oxford Women's Colleges Hub

THE FRITILLARY.

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JUI4E,

Ebitor MISS GRANTHAM,

St. Hilda's Hall.

SuboliEbitor: MISS ELLIS-FERMOR,

Somerville College.

Committee Miss IVELAW-CHAPMAN, Lady Margaret Hall. MISS SCHENZINGER, Somerville College. Miss VERINI, St. Hilda's Hall. Miss EVANS, St. Hugh's College. Miss WEST, Oxford Home Students.

'treasurer: MISS CHAPPELL,

St. HUgh's College.

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No. 68.

JUNE.

1916.

CONTENTS. PAGE

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EDITORIAL • PROFESSIONAL OPENINGS IN SOCIAL WORK... REVIEW LONDON SPRING ... PRIZE REVIEW SUNSET TO SUNRISE ... THEN LONGEN FOLK TO GOON ON PILGRIMAGE ' SUNDAY NIGHT, MARCH 5TH, 1916... REPORTS-

0.S.D.S. 0.W.S.S.W.S.

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EOttoriat. LAST term a prize of los. was offered for each of four competitions. The results are as follows REVIEW. Miss Dalglish, of St. Hilda's Hall, for a Review of " Oxford Poetry, 1915." No award was made in this POEM SEQUENCE. division as none of the entries came up to the standard required. No award. NEW INGOLDSBY LEGEND.

ESSAY ON THE ANOMALY OF SPECIAL CASES.'

No award. The entries received in all four classes fell far below the usual standard of Fritillary competitions. The deficiencies which made it impossible to give three of the prizes were various, though two habits recurred persistently. Strong reminiscences—possibly unconscious—were to be traced in a good deal of the poetry sent in. Both Bablock Hythe and Sunset to Sunrise had, curiously enough, caught and reproduced part of Alfred Noyes' Lilac Time refrain, and, with each poem, the resemblance was too obvious to produce a pleasant impression. A second weakness which appears to increase with every set of entries is an unsuccessful effort towards humour of treatment where the humorous is not the line of thought specifically indicated by the subject. This deliberate twisting or misreading of the title and attempted facetious handling is on the increase. To produce good literature it is surely not necessary to cast implicit satire upon those who have handled the subject seriously before us. Neither is the nihilistic and destructive attitude likely to prove valid in the long run. It generally has been possible (and, with the exception of the '

PAGE REPORTS

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WAR AND PEACE SOCIETY THE HUNDRED MOOT MISSIONARY SETTLEMENT FOR UNIVERSITY WOMEN IN BOMBAY HALL NOTICES :LADY MARGARET HALL SOMERVILLE COLLEGE ST. HUGH'S COLLEGE ST. HILDA'S HALL OXFORD HOME STUDENTS

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cases of a few brilliant law-breakers such as Douglas Jerrold, it has generally been found the most reliable road to success) to take a theme plainly and directly upon its own merits and to build upon this foundation the best that thought, imagination and understanding can produce in combination. Flippant art, even when successful, is merely tolerated ; it does not add much that is vital to the content of literature, painting, sculpture. But if it fail, it has no justification. There is another tendency which may perhaps be regarded as a digression in taste of the same origin. An impression is given that the author is in search of some form of expression which shall be akin to shapes taken by contemporaneous poetry and imaginative writing. The exploiting of fancies that are only mysterious while they remain implicit and elusive has been carried through with ruthless and journalistic success in many popular writers, of whom perhaps Mr. Algernon Blackwood may stand as an example. This outlook on natural forces is surely cheap and melodramatic in face of the attitude of Wordsworth—or we need not go so far afield even as Wordsworth to feel ashamed. Much of the nature' poetry sent in to the Fritillary suffers from contact with this, which is, after all, a specious method of representing or masking fact. If the authors of much of the work received this term could be induced to acknowledge the claims of realism as a patient and painstaking method of approaching reality, there might be a higher standard ; a more straightforward and self-controlled body of prose and verse might be produced. ' Believe me, in all things labour is necessary— gigantic labour. You evidently confuse the inspiration, that is, the first instantaneous vision in '

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the artist's soul (which is always present) with the work. I, for example, write every scene down at first, just as it first comes to me, and rejoice in it ; then I work at it for months and years. . . . '— DOSTOIEVSKY (letter to his brother). Perhaps the normal is less alluring than the esoteric or the fantastic, but surely, for its added dignity, it is to be commended. The competitions next term are as follows (a prize of los. is offered in each division) :I. A DRAMATIC SKETCH of one Act. There iS HO restriction as to theme, character or method, but a short piece of work is preferable. II. AN ARTICLE (subject to be chosen by the competitor) which shall be of the nature of a contribution to the Fortnightly Review or the Nineteenth Century. III. A SET OF VERSES in imitation of any English ballad metre. IV. A PROSE LETTER (not humorous) from any one character of literature or of history to any other character. The subject is left to the choice of the competitors. The committee wish to draw the attention of competitors to the fact that no entries are returned unless a request to that effect be handed in with them. We beg to acknowledge the receipt of our contemporaries, The Girton Review and The S. Leonard's School Gazette. Miss Chappel, of S.H.C., has been elected Treasurer for the year 1916-17.

'Professional Openings in %octal 'Moth. BY

CACILE MATHESON

(Warden, Birmingham Women's Settlement). [A paper written for discussion at the Conference on the Training of University Students for Social and Administrative Posts, convened by the Association for the Education of Women in Oxford, June 2nd-3rd.]

I. The entry of women into professional life is of so recent a date that their work is still to a certain extent obscured by the slowly dissipating mists of ignorance and prejudice. This is especially true of the group of professions vaguely termed ' Social Work.' Just as the old ideas that cooking, nursing, and teaching ' come by nature ' to every woman, are, to say the least, fresh in our memory, so social work is not yet free from the idea that philanthropy only needs a good heart, coupled in

some instances with a little common sense. That ' good heart' is responsible for much of the abuse levelled at the beautiful, old-fashioned name of Charity, and the havoc it has wrought is described by John Stuart Mill in words that we cannot blame as too harsh when he says :—` The great and continually increasing mass of unenlightened and short-sighted benevolence which, taking the care of people's lives out of their own hands and relieving them of the disagreeable consequences of their own acts, saps the very foundations of the selfrespect, self-help, and self-control which are the essential conditions both of industrial prosperity and of social virtue—this waste of resources and of benevolent feelings is doing harm instead of good and is immensely swelled by women's contributions and is stimulated by their influence. '* Recent experience leads one to suspect that women are blamed partly because men were absent from the kind of work described, but it is the present aim of social workers to reinstate Charity both in reputation and usefulness and to prove to the world that the old adage so'often used to repel the charitable worker, Business is business,' is both untrue and uneconomic. In order to achieve this end and, at the same time, to give both scope and direction to the benevolent spirit of the community, social work has become comparatively systematized during the last thirty years and there has been an increasing demand for expert leaders to control and organize the voluntary work which is, and always should be, the essence of Charity, and to keep volunteers informed about social developments and changes in legislation. It speedily became evident that these leaders must be experts, and with the improvement in training and in the class of women offering themselves has come some improvement in social status and in remuneration. To-day the social worker can at least live, though she can rarely save. -

II. Professional Social work may be roughly divided into four branches, or groups of posts, e.g. : I. Health Work. 2. Government Appointments. 3. Appointments under Local Authorities. 4. Appointments under Private Societies, &c. 1. Health Work includes posts as Superintendents of Schools for Mothers, Health Visitors, Sanitary Inspectors, School Nurses, &c. All such work requires specialized, scientific, and hygienic training and some training in nursing. It lies outside the scope of the present paper, because of its specialized character, but must be mentioned in any category of social openings. There is, however, one small branch of social work which is a kind of transition between special* The Subjection of Women.

THE FRITILLARY. ized health work and ordinary social work, viz. the work of a Hospital Almoner. A lady filling such a post requires a modicum of medical knowledge and a thorough knowledge of relief agencies. She acts as the connecting link between the doctor in the consulting-room and the agencies outside that can help a patient to carry out his advice, or, in other words, she co-ordinates for the patient, the doctor, and the conditions of life. This work is exceedingly interesting and extremely useful. Candidates for this kind of work must be accepted by the Almoners' Council in London, pay a fee of twenty guineas, and train for eighteen months or two years. The initial salary is usually Aspirants must, however, remember that candidates are numerous and the openings are Nery limited in number, and also that some provincial hospitals may prefer a locally trained social worker to a specialist from a distance. If speedy paid work is a necessity, it is often wiser to seek it in other directions. 2. Work in Government Departments has an attractive sound, and quite half the students who offer themselves at courses of social study announce that they wish to become a hospital almoner or a factory inspector. If the chances of the first are limited, those of the second are even more so. There is a staff of twenty women inspectors for the United Kingdom, e.g. a Principal Lady Inspector, seven Senior Lady Inspectors, with salaries ranging from L30o to £q.00 a year, who are recruited from the twelve Lady Inspectors who draw -.2ocl to '3013 a year. Application is made to the Home Office, and selected candidates between the ages of twenty-five and forty years are placed on a waiting list and allowed to sit for a competitive examination when a vacancy occurs. The examination requires a good general education and some knowledge of science, but the successful candidates must pass a qualifying examination in Factory Law and Sanitary Science after two years' probationary work. Travelling expenses, with maintenance, are paid to all Government servants, but the work is apt to be very exacting. On the other hand, factory inspecting is not only very interesting, but its efficient performance is of great national importance. The women workers of the industrial world have been too often inarticulate under injustice and bad conditions, and the women inspectors can do much in harmonizing and improving relations and conditions in the factories. The small number of women at present employed in this service makes the chance of selection remote. Candidates can only qualify themselves for selection and then improve their chance by gaining experience in other branches of social work, preferably in those connected with industry or sanitation. The Insurance Commissioners and the Labour Exchanges employ great numbers of women. In the former Department Assistant Inspectors start

with a salary of £ioo and may end as Inspectors with a maximum salary of L400. The work offers a good deal of human interest, as all kinds of complaints have to be investigated and difficulties remedied. In the Labour Exchange there is rather less human work, though to any one with a knowledge of industry the work is full of possibilities, especially in the Juvenile Departments. Salaries vary from 'Etio to £150, and there are a few posts with high remuneration. In both these departments selected candidates must sit for a competitive examination. Social training may be a help to selection, but too often the Committees in authority do not yet realize its value. Government work is safe and steady. The exceptional woman has good chances of promotion, and there is a pension on retirement. It is also useful and, in a very real sense, national service. The Civil Service should not, however be entered by those in whom the sense of discipline is weak or those who are rebels at heart. For the reformer who wants to fight in the open the more hazardous life of private philanthropy is the safer choice. Before, however, we turn to this branch of social work, a few words must be said about Appointments under Local Authorities. These are very various, but the openings increase yearly. 3. Some Boards of Guardians appoint women Assistant Relieving Officers. These ladies watch the child boarders in poor homes and the families in receipt of out-relief, and they investigate the cases of girls who have ' got into trouble.' The work is more valuable than the pay, but Guardians as a whole have yet to learn that nothing requires so much tact, ability and skill as the administration of relief. Care Committee organizers, tuberculosis visitors and other social workers are being increasingly appointed by Local Authorities at salaries between £80 and £rz0. The London County Council employs a large number of organisers in connection with the school Care Committees which deal with free meals, medical treatment, and juvenile employment. The se organisers start at a salary of and rise to L13o. Many of them hold ' social study Diplomas,' and a good many have had a University education. 4. Coming at last to the class of work more ordinarily understood by the term social work,' we find a great variety of occupations. New Societies of one kind or another are started every year, and each must have at least one organizing secretary. Only a few of the more usual openings can be mentioned here. Most posts are more or less specialised. Rent-collecting, for instance, on the lines initiated by the late Miss Octavia Hill, occupies a few women, and it is a misfortune that this system of property management is not far more widely adopted. It gives a means of humanizing business relations and of bringing richer and ,

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poorer into contact without the danger of pauperisation that clogs much otherwise good work. At the present time there is a great call for women to befriend young girls. The khaki-fever, so natural and so dangerous, opened many people's eyes to the lack of decent means of recreation, and at present it is impossible to meet the demand for lady club-organizers. Of course, not every one has the right gifts for this work, the tact, sympathy and love of young life that are needed to deal with wayward young folks. Some previous experience under direction is almost essential, but just now this probationary period need not be long. The same applies to the preparation for a post as Welfare Supervisor or Social Secretary, appointments urgently recommended by the Ministry of Munitions for all Munition Factories. The ladies have a difficult and indefinite task, but a very interesting one. They are there to befriend the girls, to shield them from moral danger, to organise their canteens and their clubs, to visit them when sick, to arbitrate in disputes—in short, to do anything and everything that may help to keep the moral atmosphere clean. Some knowledge of First Aid and Nursing is generally required, and it is well to be conversant with the elements of Industrial Law and Industrial History. Club organisers usually have a salary of .roo or the equivalent. Welfare Supervisors may be offered anything from '120 to £4.50, but it must be remembered that with the higher salary goes greater responsibilities and difficult pioneer work. Another very important branch of Social work is the administration of relief. In this men are employed equally with women. Probably no work calls for more expert knowledge, for our social organization grows more complicated with each succeeding year, and often the applicant at the relief office needs nothing more than kindly explanation of the resources open to him and a friendly hand to enable him to take advantage of his legal rights. There is absolutely no end to the questions brought to a Charity Organization Society Secretary. His work teems with human interest, and if sometimes, in the interests of his patient or his district, he has to be hard, far more often he is the friend in need who finds a way over an apparently impassable morass and who saves the home from wreck. Relief work is at the same time the most difficult and the most fascinating of occupations, and the salary—one can generally just live on it. Most of the occupations described above are combined in a Settlement, and some knowledge of all is wanted to be a Warden. Moreover, the theoretic and historic, as well as the legal aspects of the social problems of to-day must in some measure be familiar to one who is called on to organize and generally to train. To be the adviser and friend of a whole neighbourhood even where expert departmental help is available, to

act as ' social tutor ' to the novices, as comrade and occasional locum tenens to the chief workers, to co-ordinate and harmonize the various departments, making the settlement one coherent whole instead of a conglomeration of parts, to be able to tide over domestic difficulties and uphold the ideal of the Settlement as a home among the homes of the neighbours—all this demands an all-round nature reinforced by all-round life experience and self-training. One could hardly train to become a Warden, but any one gifted with a combination of the home and the social instincts can look on other professional prospects as working up to the possibilities of Wardenship in the same way as the young Sanitary Inspector may look to a Factory Inspectorship as the goal of her ambitions. It may be noticed that a very important branch of work has been omitted from the above summary, viz. church and home-mission work. This is not from any undervaluing of the importance of such occupations. They are of great value, but the posts offered can better be described as opportunities for devoted, interesting and useful work with an honorarium attached than as professional openings. III Perhaps this brief paper may serve to give some idea of the magnitude and delicacy of the task when the material to be worked on is human life. It is to be hoped that it has made it clear that ' social work' cannot be regarded as one among various ways of making a living from which a more or less dispassionate choice can be made. To again quote J. S. Mill ' To practise it (Charity) usefully or without doing mischief requires the education, the manifold preparation, the knowledge and the thinking powers of a skilful administrator. There are few of the administrative functions of government for which a person would not be fit who is fit to bestow charity usefully.' Fully endorsing this we would go further and say that this ideal cannot be attained unless the worker is inspired by a love of humanity, as much in the individual as in the mass, and by a burning zeal to help and to share the blessings of training and education liberally bestowed on a section of our population. The work is always hard, the hours are long, and the pay is generallly comparatively low, yet there are many to whom the call has come and who are ready to face with courage the difficulties and hardships of the way. Those already in the field can assure them that these difficulties and hardships are but small compared with the fascinations and joy of the work, that their path will be lightened by a gratitude and affection which they can never feel to have earned, and that the essential self-surrender leads to a self-fulfilment which is perhaps the least part of the happiness of a life spent in the immediate service of humanity. :

THE FRITILLARY. 'Review. By Miss Augusta Kirby (L. M. H.). (Methuen.) We are very glad to receive Miss Kirby's little book ' The Way of Peace,' dedicated very appropriately to the S.A. Written many years ago, it is a series of devotional meditations equally appropriate to-day. Miss Kirby shows power of introspection strikingly free from its attendant vice morbidity ; with unusual insight and imagination she has put forward her strenuous ideal of ' the Peace that lies deeper than Strife ' and ' is born in the acceptance of Strife.' ' Hate Defied,' an interesting poem in answer to Ernst Lissauer's Hymn of Hate,' is added to the earlier essays. In her verse, as in her prose, Miss Kirby shows facility and considerable force of expression. Her style as a whole recalls the better work of Kipling, whom, in fact, she quotes more than once and refers to as a great literary artist. The book is attractive from a literary point of view; an attribute not always to be found in others of its class. THE WAY OF PEACE.'

Zonbon Spring. When I was at home in the country the Spring came sudden and free, Bursting in bud and blossom, in butterfly and bee, Apricot, almond, ribes, blackthorn, cherry and plum Hedge and orchard and garden welcoming all who come, Border and wood and meadow, daisies white on the lawn, Kind and visible presence, Spring came up with the dawn— Spring all over the county, washing it clean and fair— So I went out one morning and felt the sweet of the air. But now I am living in London, where Spring is timid and slow— Cramped under smoky skies and bound into parks and squares With iron railings round them, where orderly flowers grow With none of the joyful sunshine and none of the freshening airs— Spring, the park-keeper's servant, pretty and neat and mild— Spring, and the sparrows flutter, but never a linnet's call, And never a night of stars, with the voice of the Corn and the Wild ; What pleasure for country folk in April London at all?

What is there here to praise, and tell me, what can I sing? Ah, what? Come out into London, and look for the London Spring !

PICCADILLY CIRCUS. All the winter we've had no flowers, Now that April's well on the way— Flowers are cheaper, Mother, cheaper— Mightn't we buy a bunch to-day? Couldn't I get some? Any flowers, Something sweet for the window sills : Can't you smell them? And all are cheaper, Wallflowers, violets, daffodils. Even the women who sell the flowers, They can feel that the Spring is here ; Flowers are cheaper, so much cheaper, Mightn't I buy some, Mother dear? KENSINGTON GARDENS. Come out into Kensington Gardens With your stick and your hoop and your ball, For the muddy path dries up and hardens And here there are games for you all ! Your kite and your bat and your ball, Your dog and your whistle and all, For the sun's shining bright in the Gardens ! OLD PALACE YARD, WESTMINSTER. Flowers of country Spring-time fade, Here there are flowers unfading ever : Carven flowers with twining leaves, Strangest harvest of stony sheaves, Standing still in the sun and shade Here there are flowers unfading ever. Spring is gone between March and May ; Here there are flowers unfading ever, Under a cloudy sky or clear These are standing from year to year— Primrose buds and droops in a day— Here there are flowers unfading ever. Years bring hope and afterwards grief, Here there are flowers unfading ever, Seasons changing and April now ; Every Spring is the blossoming bough, Every Autumn the fall of the leaf ; Here there are flowers unfading ever. WESTMINSTER BRIDGE. From bridge to bridge between his banks The river dances light, Reflected blue and diamond And every wave so bright That people passing stop and look And gladden at the sight.

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He brings a breath of country air, Spring floods up Oxford way, Of lambs that bleat and nesting birds By Appleford to-day, The hawthorn hedge that swells its buds With promises of May. And strong with sunlight treasured up, And washed with April rain, Pale green against St. Thomas's Shoots every patch-barked plane, Till patients on the terrace know That Spring is here again. Yes, there is Spring in London ; she goes with averted head, And April passes soon in a scatter of sun and rain ; But in the country now the world is born again, And, in the country now, you'll hear, your mood to suit, The silly cuckoo laughing like a flute E'er the dawn flush has fled.

Vri3e 'Review. ' OXFORD POETRY, 1915.' It is now two years since our first Oxford Poetry ' appeared, and already fortune has lent it a reminiscent romance of its own. Turning its pages, we find many a picture of the old days, when critical explorations in Blackwell's, and excursions where From Beckley the hid paths go down To many a blessed faery town, were among the factors of a period which appeared a natural development in one's life. Our first anthology had a varied list of contentsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;there were praises of Dream-Cotswold,' and other delightful regions, where You may lie Day-long . . . And, flower-lulled in sleepy grass, Hear the cool lapse of hours pass, Until the centuries blend and blur.' There were poems on the West Countrie,' and, on midnight vigil in Oxford, there was enthusiastic juggling with Mr. Masefield's formulae ; finally, there was a section dedicated to our academic Thalia, much scholarly jesting on rival schools, a eulogy of the statesmanship of G.W.L.T., which does not merely amuse the retrospective reader, and the sublime Oxonian mirth of Absolute and Abitofhell.' Ultimately, we may turn to Professor Murray's introduction, and find many criticisms, almost too kindly, of our eccentricity, our cultivation of individualism, and our artistic creeds. In Vale,' Mr. Childe anticipated the emotion of those who now turn back to 1910-1913.'

Good-bye, good-bye, exalted hills . . . 0 hills, I leave you something fair, I leave you youth.' The new collection is small, and it enters the world unprotected by any introduction. Most of the names are new to us, and the contributions of the Woman Students are more numerous. The change is hard to define. It is useless for us to open the book expecting some radical and universal revolution, such as we may quickly define and estimate. Little things tell us that life has changed. Love of the Lords of the sky ! How thou did'st lift us high In Ilion, yea, and above All cities, as wed with Heaven ! ' The very absence of any introduction, of any explanation or defence of our purposes and methods, helps to prove that a new scale of values has been introduced. The relative merits of Romance and Realism can no longer claim long discussion in black and white. Again, the poems of 1915 appear to be more often spontaneous ; they may, and often do, still owe their life to some extremely transient emotion ; the emotion may still require some extraneous support until time and place serve for composition. But the lack of elaboration is to be remarked on, as is also the disinclination to play with words and phrases which are in some danger of losing their primary emphasis. Life has been a clichĂŠ All these years. I would find a gesture of my own.' So one poem concludes, and, in a sense, this is the predominant feeling. Poetry has become more of an accepted form of expression and less of an artistic pastime. When Mr. Elton writes, In Quetta lamps are lighted, And like a sound in dreams The bugle calls at evening Across the seven streams ; How sweet and faint it seems,' we are less inclined to scoff at Shropshire Helicons. We read with pleasure his accompanying poems, which give delightful glimpses of an exile's England ; we remember that this exile is no mere adventure of fancy. We do not smile because Mr. Harwood has evidently read the works of Kipling before writing From the Youth of All Nations' ; and yet we cannot point to any material product of the war. We are not indignant but grateful, for the absence of topical verse. Mr. Nichols has already published much, but here he gives us something finer in his large and simple picture of the Last Supper. Perhaps Miss Haldane's Awakening of the Bacchae ' is the most powerfully emotional piece of

THE FRITILLARY, work included. It comes to us direct and fresh, without any artifice of style. Miss Rowe has one short lyric, with a very individual and fascinating melody, a picture of the Old Year, ' Out-at-elbow, down-at-heel, shuffling in his shoes, With a knapsack full of looting, Of summertime free-booting, Threadbare at the corners, where the sunshine filters through.' ' Godstow ' is the only instance, strangely enough, of a poem which has borrowed its music from Rupert Brooke. Mr. Vines gives us a panegyric of healthy life and work, which would do bravely in the lists against the modern Oxford novel ; and his four verses on Modern Beauty' forms another stout weapon for use against the new decadents who desecrate the art of the realist. Look not upon these temples Of cloud hewed by the wind : Rather these dreary waggons And dust flung up behind.' Of ' local ' poetry we have only Miss Sayers' lyric chronicle of love for Oxford, a tribute of sincere gratitude for unmeasured bounty, filled with loving appreciation of The moonlight over Radcliffe Square, Small sunset spires that drowse and dream, Thin bells that ring to evening prayer Winter nights with lamps agleam, Globed golden in the violet air.' There is a difference, but definition of it is hard for contemporary readers. It is not that we have left play for work, nor even that we see them in a new proportion. It is not that we scorn beauty ; but in the new volume there is much less spectacular and pictorial work, less glory of colour and golden sunlight. A man's poetry must now ex. press his thought on some more or less vital matter ; the lyric gift is to be used as a means of interpreting and strengthening insight into mysteries ; it is no longer purely a plaything, or an excuse for shirking the crowded street to stroll in fragrant green spaces. The old spirit is not dead ; but a new spirit is alive. Without becoming gray sages, our poets are older ; and though they still write as sometimes in 1910-1913. no one then wrote quite as now. Professor Murray's introduction opened with the sentence, Oxford is an evil seed-ground for poetry.' Well, perhaps the former Oxford was. We do not live in that faery city now, where fresh winds blew down haunted streets, and we went about cheerful trivialities with a fine air of solemnity. Our poetry was in some danger of forgetting its alliance with life and fact. We ourselves were in the same danger, and our art suffered in sympathy. It may be only in comparison with earlier collections that such a conclusion can be obtained ; the unprepared reader may find here the very .

weaknesses which, in the eyes of some, have been met and defeated. We may be too optimistic, but let us, at all costs, avoid the traditional despair of the immature poet—and his readers. We have, indeed, lived in Arcadia ; but we are, nevertheless, capable of looking into the distance with hope, even as we look into the past with grateful regret. H. DALGLISH (St. Hilda's Hall).

Sunset to Sunvise. I. The light that lit the eyes of earth Is waning, and she drops in woe. She waits to don her mourning veil, For now her sun must go. He strews his parting crimson gifts Before his love, and lingers still ; Then fades in splendid majesty Beneath a green clad hill.

II. The house of sleep is a soundless place With shadowy, empty halls ; Where ghosts by shafts of moonlight make Grey phantoms on the walls. Where no one lives with open eyes, Where no one hears or sees ; Where human bodies toss and fret, Or rest in dreamless ease. Where spirits always flit away, But what is mortal lies, And knows no stab of joy or pain, Until it wakes or dies. C. RAYMONT (Somerville).

`11ben ILongen ifoth to boon on Vilgrimage: I. There's many a sunlit straight white road passing through Oxford town, There's one that leads to the thyme-clad downs and one to the sleeping sea, But the one in the face of the south-west wind— a highway cool and brown, Bounded by shadowy, fair green turf—is the road that calls to me. II. Straight to my orchard lane it runs, to the blossom, country white, Where myriad cherry petals fall at the kiss of the fragrant wind. And this is the road for Pilgrimage, and soon my heart is light, For I shall be one with the vagrant folk, the grey miles left behind. D. S. PENOYRE (Lady Margaret Hall).

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!Bard) 5tb, 1916.

(WITH ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO FUTURISM.) Blackness and vast immensity, wherein The soul is lost—the unit wholly merged. Primaeval chaos. Time has ceased to be. Minutes are aeons. Form is not yet made. Strange and inchoate density;, dull mass Groping in darkness, gasps for self-expression. Gasps, stretches, reaches out—and finds it not. Whelmed beneath blankets, bottled up in bed I lie, and all the phantasmagoria Of that wild borderland 'twixt life and sleep Rises insurgent, swells and drones away. Words without meaning dance in spiral whorls, Returning to the Limbo whence they came, Lifeless, as thoughts that seem to make no sense. Can I be I ? Does anything exist ? Forth from the darkness, upward from the depths, Form emerges, raw, reeling, triumphant. A splatter of shooting stars, The gargling and grunting of harsh voices. I snatch myself from the grasp of Infinity, And am hurled breathless, amazed, Athwart the impelling necessity of the moment. Thought goes ; sensation returns. Dreams are dissolved in a million of scattered fragments. Light strikes insistent, the chankle of bells grates a summons. Lights, and more lights hurling themselves through space, Batter past me, and darkness sucks them down. Maddening, alluring, the bell never ceases to call me. Why should I answer? Why should I force myself Into the company and lives of others? The decent darkness of the night is outraged By these unseemly sights and sounds Then Madness Born of the hour, seized me by the shoulders, Gave a great laugh, and drove me to the basement. Force was let loose ; I took the limp black stocking Recklessly by the throat and made it mine. Rugs, quilts and coats were as mere playthings to me, Jerseys a jest. I lifted up and thrust them To intimate contact with myself, and strode A giant, in whose veins red strength rioted. A force springs to my hand, and I transmute it into a star. Out then, and downstairs to wrench its last secret from the earth. I have triumphed, and all else is nothingness. .

Splashes of colour confront me. Forms spring into twisted life, Descending awkwardly from parallelogram to parallelogram. Why do they bear with them the debris of the Upper Regions? I have pierced restraints, shattered the conventional, And clothed myself with the fantastic patchwork of the fragments. Twinkling lights that reveal the surrounding blackness, Humanity mingled in inextricable medley. Confusion of possessor and possessed. Limbs awkwardly conjoined to inappropriate atoms. A twisted triangle surmounts a limited area, Of vague features, expressive of surprise and vacuity ; Some rough drapery completes the form, Self-contained, apart ; and through a slit there shakes Noise, laughter, or meaningless exclamation. How paltry The individual at 1.15 in the morning ! Rising unsteadily, ebbing and flowing, Sinking again, talk mutters and mellows. Forced to accept with herd-like instinct the inevitable, We fall prone in varying attitudes of discomfort. The madness has burned low in my blood. Faced by reality, thought shudders back into itself. Sensation is harshly persistent. An elbow flung wide Proclaims tingling the brutal impenetrability of matter. The normal has been violently uprooted, and the gaping hole Demands uneasily some satisfaction. Were it not better To thrust oneself bacj across the borderland, Renounce the Ego and return to Nothingness? It cannot be. K. M. T. likeports. O. S. D. S. President G. V. Pococx (S.H.H.). Secretary—H. MOORE (S.H.C.). Junior Treasurer—H. C. HUGHES (S.H.H.). —

The first meeting of the Society was held in the Hall of St. Hugh's College on Tuesday, May 16th. The Secretary, Miss Wadham (S.C.), having refused to accept office, Miss Moore (S.H.C.) was elected, and took her place at the table before Public Business began.

THE FRITILLARY. The motion before the House was ' That rebellion must always injure the community as a whole.' The Proposer, Miss Carter (S.H.C.), after a somewhat hackneyed opening, made a sound and convincing speech. Her arguments were clear and logical, but occasionally repetitions marred their effect. The Opposer, Miss Lyne, was inclined to mistake historical sequence for logic, but while stringing together a mere series of facts in support of rather scanty arguments, she yet succeeded in pleasing the House ; her manner was bright and amusing. The Third Speaker, Miss Hickey (S.H.H.), made a fluent and useful contribution to the debate. It is, perhaps, better in the set speeches to criticise a little less negatively ; her attack was nevertheless forcible, and made the opening of the Fourth Speaker, Miss Twemlow (0.H.S.) appear weak by contrast. Miss Twemlow, however, spoke pleasantly, and some of her arguments were very good. Public Discussion was sustained, if not elevated. On Tuesday, May 3oth, the second meeting was held at St. Hilda's Hall, the motion before the House being ' That dress is an expression of the tendency of the age rather than of national character.' It was feared, when Miss Oakley-Hill (O.H.S.) opened, that the motion would be taken in too historical and serious a manner to allow of a good debate on a rather limited subject. Her speech was careful, and contained good material, but it needed the lighter treatment of the Opposer, Miss Burrows (L.M.H.), to awaken the House. She took the motion in the right spirit, and was both clever and amusing, although perhaps not always to the point ; it was a pity that she did not carry her speech farther by a few direct arguments. The easy manner in which she delivered it captured the fancy of the House, which welcomed a new and entertaining debater. The Third Speaker, Miss McLeod (S.H.C.), found little food for discussion, having evidently expected that the Proposer would cover her ground. It was, it must be confessed, difficult to continue on the lines the Opposer had taken. The Fourth Speaker, Miss Hodgkinson (S.C.), fell into the too common error of attempting to argue by a string of historical examples, which lose their effect by their number. She spoke pleasantly and easily, but without much animation. Public Discussion was slightly above the normal. It is hoped that the Colleges will be better represented in future, and that there will be greater interest in discussions. It is difficult to speak to an inert House. G. V. PococK.

0. W. S. S. W. S. The Annual Meeting was held in Oxford this year at Lady Margaret Hall. A short business meeting was followed by an open meeting, at which Mme. Vandervelde gave an extremely interesting and realistic account of the present conditions in Belgium. Miss Deneke kindly arranged for a concert to be held in the Society's name in aid of the N.U. Russian Hospitals. The concert was enormously appreciated, and we are looking forward to another on June 22nd. E. M. VERINI (S.H.H.), Hon. Sec. WAR AND PEACE SOCIETY. A joint meeting of the War and Peace Society was held at Lady Margaret Hall on Wednesday, May 17th. Professor Gilbert Murray, who had recently returned from a journey to Denmark and Scandinavia, and from a short visit to the Western Front, gave a deeply interesting account of the impression he had gained. Plans for Study-Circles were discussed, and it was decided to take as subjects for this term ' The Origins of the War ' and ' The Future of England.' A large proportion of members both at Lady Margaret Hall and at Somerville have joined Circles. Several books have been added to the ' War and Peace ' Libraries which were formed last term. HUNDRED MOOT. On Saturday, May 27th, Mr. A. J. Toynbee gave a lecture at Lady Margaret Hall on Some Characteristics of the Near East.' He had, he said, chosen his title advisedly, since he believed the Near East to be a state of mind rather than a region. The Balkan people had never achieved unity ; different races had lived for many centuries in close contiguity, and yet social intercourse between them was very rare. The Near Eastern Church was distinctly parochial, and her ecclesiastics were politicians above everything. He did not believe that the Near East could remain in its present condition after the war, but must be transformed by the influence of either the Central or the Western Powers. For himself, he thought the best solution of the problem lay in the Americanisation of the Near East. .

MISSIONARY SETTLEMENT FOR UNIVERSITY WOMEN IN BOMBAY. By the kindness of Miss Jex-Blake, the M.S.U.W. held a meeting on May loth in Lady Margaret Hall garden. We were fortunate enough to secure as our chairwoman Miss McCutcheon, who has been connected with the Settlement from its very early days.

THE FRITILLARY. Miss Gedge, a member of the Settlement Staff who is at present on furlough, gave us a most interesting account of her work in Bombay. One of the aims of the Settlement is to reach the women and girls of the higher classes. Many of these are Parsees belonging to a community whose women are far better educated, more intelligent, and in every way more emancipated than is usual in India. They have, to a large extent, given up their old beliefsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and fallen under the influence of Theosophy or Unitarianism, which, as they conceive them, form a somewhat unsatisfactory half-way house between Parseeism and Christianity. The loss of the old sanctions entail the lowering of the moral standard, and their vague Theosophical theories provide no moral inspiration, so that they stand in great need of any help or guidance the Settlement workers can give them. For the Parsee and Hindu ladies of Bombay, classes are held at the Settlement in English, music, leather work and other subjects, each subject accompanied by Bible instruction. A good deal of visiting is also done by the settlers. The non-Christian women welcome them to their homes and have learnt to turn to them in times of illness or trouble. There seems to be little opposition now to the work among the Parsee ladies so long as they do not definitely embrace Christianity. On the occasion when the Settlers were bitterly attacked for supposed pressure on their pupils, one non-Christian girl in the Hostel wrote a warm defence of their conduct in the newspapers, and this produced a great effect. Summing-up the general results of the twentyone years' work in the Settlement in Bombay, Miss Gedge said that they were best seen, not in the actual number of conversions, but in the extraordinary change of attitude towards it. The Settlement instead of being regarded with suspision and dislike, now occupies a recognised position in the city ; the workers are gladly welcomed at social functions ; they have made many friends among the non-Christian women and girls, and even the leading members of the Parsee and Hindu communities speak highly of their work. In this connection it is interesting to notice that a club has been started with a view to bringing together Indian and English ladies in social service. The club meets regularly once a week, and works for the poor, and also, since the war, for soldiers. The Hindoos have made an effort to imitate the work of the Settlement in this respect, but the clubs which they have formed among themselves have not as a rule been successful. For the most part they frankly admit that the impetus towards work for others has come wholly from Christianityâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; their own religion, with its strict caste system, being the direct antithesis to any teaching which inculcates the spirit of self-sacrifice and service. Perhaps the most important branch of the work of the Settlement is that among the student

classes. For the numerous students of every race and sect who attend the medical and other colleges of Bombay, the Settlement provides a Hostel where they can share the lives of the English workers and mingle freely with them and with each other. The Settlers also get to know and influence a much wider circle of students by visiting them both in their homes and in the colleges, and by arranging for student conferences and social gatherings. In these and other ways the workers at the Settlement try to be of use to the women students, and many have come to look upon them as guides, philosophers and friends. At the end of the meeting Miss Gedge showed us some interesting photographs of the students and of their quarters in Bombay. A collection was made which will, we hope, go a little way to help the Settlement in its financial difficulties. Miss Gedge's visit was a very great help to all interested in the Settlement in making us realise the conditions of student life in Bombay and the splendid work which she and her colleagues are doing. We have now three branches of the M.S.U.W. in Oxford, and hope there will soon be a fourth.

bail 'notices. LADY MARGARET HALL. Although by an oversight Hall news was omitted from the last number, we are glad that Miss Czaplicka is still with us this term, and that there is still time to say how very much we have enjoyed her visit. Miss Czaplicka has given three delightful lantern lecturesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;on Poland, on Siberia, and on the Racial Problems of Northern Asia. We are most grateful to her for the privilege of hear. ing them, and still more grateful for the pleasure of having had her with us for two terms. There is no need to say how glad we are to have Miss Deneke back as Bursar, and we appreciate the air of familiarity which she and Mrs. Deneke have restored to Gunfield. Arrangements are being made with the Women's National Land Service Corps for some of us to become agriculturists during the Long Vacation. Miss E. M. Almond kindly came and explained the scheme to us, and we hope to organise a group. Agriculture has been a favourite recreation this term, whether it is helping to grow vegetables on a Headington allotment or weeding and rolling in our own garden. Patriots are also to be found on the Davenant Road potato plot. Although Miss Freire-Marreco is no longer at the Hall, we are glad to know she is still in Oxford, and we hope that later in the term she will be able to come and tell us more Indian folk stories. We are also looking forward to the two concerts which Miss M. Deneke is kindly arranging

THE FRITILLARY. in aid of the Russian Hospital Units. They are to be held on June 3rd and June 22nd, and the performers will be Miss M. Deneke, Miss Gates, and Mr. Paul Such. Some of the pieces have never been played before in public, and it is an opportunity not to be missed. In Miss Deneke's concert and the Second Year Play those who have endured Schools will have a double restorative. NEW STUDENT. Miss D. Johnson, Cheltenham Ladies' College.

When they had been answered the House proceeded to consider if ' Truthfulness is the bane of society.' Both the hon. proposer, Miss Rowe, and the hon. opposer, Miss Carter, were speaking for the first time, and their maiden speeches were well received. Mis s Carter delighted the House with her examples of truthfulness combined with tact, which combination was the ideal to which she clung. After a short public discussion, the motion was lost. The next meeting was held on Tuesday, June 6th, when Miss Clarke proposed and Miss McCutcheon opposed the following motion, ' That a boon-companion is more important than a library.'

SHAKESPEARE SOCIETY.

President—Miss CARTER. By the wish of its members the Shakespeare Society has continued its readings during the Summer Term. The membership has increased, and the good interpretations that have been given of Romeo and Juliet in the pleasant setting of the new terrace have made the meetings very enjoyable.

ESSAY

CLUB.

A meeting was held on Thursday, May i8th. Mr. Barker read an interesting paper on Shelley, illustrated by extracts. On Thursday, June ist, Miss Drought read a paper on Otherworid Journeys in Irish Legend.' She described some of the stories of paradise in early Irish romances, and discussed their relation to each other. M. V. CLARKE, President. DEBATING SOCIETY.

President—B. A. TURTON. Secretary—M. BURROWS. Whips—K. HARNETT and M. CARLYLE. The first meeting this term took the form of a Sharp Practice, when the House discussed whether a man's character is more truly revealed by the letters he receives than by those he writes, and vetoed the proposal to assimilate nourishment in tabloid form. A resolution was carried that three more debates should be held in the term. New officers were accordingly elected, and a meeting was held on Monday, May 15th, when the motion that Foreign policy is necessarily controlled by a bureaucracy ' was brought before the House. Both the hon. proposer, Miss Watkins, and the hon. opposer, Miss Lawrence, showed an impressive grasp of facts, but public discussion was a little languid. The motion was lost by eight votes. The next debate took place on Tuesday, May 23rd. Several hon. members were much agitated by the question of the correct attire in which members should appear and the President was subjected to a fire of questions on this point and on others.

LAWN TENNIS CLUB.

Two outside matches have been played this term, one against Reading University, on May loth, which unfortunately was drawn, as the Reading team had to leave early to catch a train. The L.M.H. VI. was : ist pair, Misses Fry and Moberly ; 2nd pair, Misses Bowes and Lawrence ; 3rd pair, Misses Matthews and Carlyle. The other match was played on May 27th, against the High School. L.M.H. won. The team was1st pair, Misses Moberly and Lawrence ; znd pair, Misses Matthews and Carlyle. The Third Year won the Year match. In the first round the Second Year beat the First Year and the Third Year beat the Fourth Year. The winning VI. was : 1st pair, Misses Coode and Browning ; 2nd pair, Misses Levett and Adkin ; 3rd pair, Misses Flemming and Parsons. The House matches are not yet finished. Toynbee Wing beat Old Hall, the winning team being : ist pair, Misses Lawrence and Cole Baker ; znd pair, Misses Browning and Carlyle ; 3rd pair, Misses Home and Levett. Miss Lawrence has been given her colours this term. BOAT CLUB.

The following members have qualified :Sculling—F. Spikes, M. Gross. Punting—R. Hales, S. Abram, P. Gibbon. Canoeing—P. Buckle, J. Wright, G. Watkins. I. McCoLL (Secretary). SOMERVILLE COLLEGE. [The Editor and Committee apologise for the omission of Hall news—ED.] PARLIAMENT.

Speaker—Miss JEBB. Prime Minister—P. HODGSON. Leader of the Opposition—D. WADHAM. On March 3rd, E. D. M. Winters, Member for Darlington, introduced a Bill for the Nationalisation of Railways, Coal Mines and Munition

THE FRITILLARY.

Works. The measure was capably supported by D Grayfoot, but called forth much opposition from D. Procter and U. Ellis-Fermor, and, indeed, from the House in general, and was subsequently lost by a large majority. On May 3ist, L. M. McLeod, Member for Aberdeen, brought in a Bill for the Conscription of Women's Labour, urging that, in view of the present scarcity of male labour, it was very necessary that no energy should be wasted through lack of organisation of the labour still obtainable. The measure was violently opposed by F. Forster on the ground that women had risen nobly to the occasion, and that, at present, there was no need for such an arbitrary measure. The opposition was taken up by M. Abrahams while J. Pybus met all objectors with freshness and some degree of force. The discussion was carried on entirely by the First-Year Members of Parliament with unflagging vigour for a considerable time, and the measure was finally passed by a majority of 25 to 14.

ST. HUGH'S COLLEGE. The great event of the term has been the Dedication of our Chapel. It was finished in time for the Dedication Service to be held on Ascension Day. The Bishop of Oxford came, and was assisted by the Archdeacon of Oxford, the Rev. G. Cronshaw, and the Rev. W. Cooper. The short Dedication Service was followed by a Choral Celebration of the Holy Communion. The service was very beautiful, and we are very grateful to the Bishop for kindly consenting to take it. The rest of the building, including the lodges, are nearly finished. The garden has been a great joy to us, and the Daylight Saving Bill has enabled us to enjoy it still later than would have been possible in the good old days.' On Friday, May 26th, the Deputation of French Professors was •entertained in St. Hugh's by invitation of the Principal. At the end of term we are hoping that as many old students as possible will be able to gather for a thorough inspection of the new St. Hugh's. '

TUB THUMPER S.

(Hilary Term.)

DEBATING SOCIETY.

President—Miss WINTERS. Secretary—Miss WILLEY.

President—MISS LEWIS.

A marked feature of Tub Thumpers this term was the zeal with which all members took part in discussion. Three meetings were held. The subjects considered were of widely different character—` An International Tariff League,' The Defects in our Educational System,' and Prison Reform.' Misses Willey, Gardiner and Ritch respectively opened the debates on these occasions, and interesting discussions followed. E. A. W. '

BOAT CLUB.

President—F.

WHITE.

Secretary—J. KES S LER . Treasurer—U. ELLIS-FERMOR.

The Boat Club continues to maintain a very satisfactory standard of keenness, and has made up most of the leeway lost in the heavy floods of last term. M. Leigh has been added to the number of the Captains, and eleven members won promotion in the mid-term Half-Captains' test. The junior members are coming on well, in spite of a tendency to pay too much attention to their sculls and too little to their stretchers. The new punt members display efficiency, and a precision of style almost too pronounced. NEW STUDENTS. Dickie, D. J., Queen's University, Kingston. Jackson, H., Old Somervillian. Paton, D., Glasgow University.

Secretary—MISS SPENCER. Up-and-Down Girl—Miss ROUNTREE.

Only two debates have been held so far this term. At the first one, a Sharp Practice, the motion before the House was This House would welcome uniform costumes and hats for ladies as there are for gentlemen.' This was proposed by Miss Vaughan and opposed by Miss Forrest. In public discussion the House spent much of its energy in criticising the wording of the motion, and wasted valuable time in disputing minor details of the question. For the second debate, on the subject of Co-education, speeches were prepared by Miss Jones and Miss Thomas, who are to be congratulated on speaking entirely without notes and giving a good opening to a discussion which, though short, was well to the point. At the next meeting we discussed the effect of a democratic age upon the progress of art. '

MUSICAL SOCIETY.

President—MISS CLARK. Secretary—MISS PRATT.

The concert took place on Thursday, June 1st. Owing to the difficulties of practising during the Summer Term, we were obliged to abandon a Beethoven scheme in favour of a miscellaneous programme, which included English folk-songs, a violin Adagio by Schubert, and some other solos.

THE FRITILLARY. ARCHIEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

President—Miss ADY. Secretary—MISS RICHARDS. Treasurer—Miss EVANS.

The Society still preserves its initial vigour. Several new members have joined, and the nucleus of a library has been formed. Early in the term Mr. Urquhart, of Balliol College, very kindly consented to come and lecture on the Principles of Gothic Architecture, and in the following week we had the privilege of being shown over the Cathedral by Canon Scott Holland, and, needless to say, we spent a most enjoyable afternoon. PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.

President—MISS BEAMES. Secretary—MISS ALLEN.

It was decided that we should study Bergson's philosophy this term, and Miss Moberly kindly consented to read us three papers, on his theories of life, consciousness, and memory. They were most valuable as opening up a vast field of speculation and enquiry. BOAT CLUB.

Varley and Miss Rhys-Davids ; 2nd couple, Miss Vaughan and Miss Chapman ; 3rd couple, Miss Hanbury anti Miss Holland. NEW STUDENT. M. A. de Vries van Heijst (University of the Cape of Good Hope). J.

ST. HILDA'S HALL. EASTER AND TRINITY TERM, 1916.

Apart from the usual diversions and duties of the Summer Term, the energies of the Hall have been directed mainly to ' war-work ' of different kinds. We still roll bandages one night a week for the Scottish Women's Hospitals, and we take nurses from the Schools and New College on the river one afternoon each week, and wounded soldiers another. Our interest in gardening has not slackened, and we are now working an allotment at Hinksey for the wife of a man who has gone to the war, as well as continuing our labours at Headington. Furthermore, we are arranging to work on the land in gangs during the Long Vacation. Several old students came up for Whit week-end, and we regret that so many of us were away during their visit.

Captain—MISS BOYKETT.

Secretary—Miss SAVORY.

After the tests held in the first part of the term the following qualifications were made :—Canoeing Captains—Miss Parrett, Miss Evans ; Punting Captains—Miss Richards, Miss Forrest, Miss Chapman, Miss Dick ; Punting Half-CaptainMiss Cox ; Punting Badge—Miss Parrett ; Sculling Captain—Miss Draper ; Sculling Half-CaptainsMiss Moore, Miss Baker, Miss Hurry. TENNIS CLUB. Captain—MISS HANBURY.

Secretary—Miss VARLEY.

The tennis this year has had many difficulties with which to contend. Owing to the fact that the hard court was not ready to be played on, we were unable to have as much practice as usual during the winter terms, and practice was especially needed as so many of our tennis players went down last year. The play, I think, is hardly up to the usual standard, but the general keenness throughout the College should soon remedy this, and next year, when all our courts are in good con dition, we may hope for greater success. The following are representing the College in the Cup matches this term :—Ist couple, Miss

DEBATE.

President—Miss DALGLISH. Vice-President—Miss HICKEY. Secretary—MISS FITZGERALD. Hall Member—MISS DACOMBE.

The first debate of term was held on Saturday, May loth. The motion for discussion was That the Cinema is responsible for the decay of Modern Drama.' The proposer, Miss Gibberd, by confining herself too strictly to personal experience of the cinema, failed to relate it satisfactorily to the drama. The opposer, Miss Featherstonhaugh Frampton, attributed the decay of the drama to the vitiation of public taste as shown in the modern preference of Shaw to Shakespeare, and emphasised the intellectual effort necessary for the proper following of a cinema plot. Public discussion was animated but digressive, ranging from elephants to the Roman pantomime. The second debate was held on Saturday, June 2oth, during the Old Students' Week-end. The motion before the House was ' That Disorder is man's only salvation from Routine.' The proposer, Miss Hughes (present student), confused method and routine, and put forward proposals which would lead to a routine of disorder. Otherwise her speech was vigorous and effective.

THE FRITILLARY.

The opposer, Miss Odium (past student), kindly consented to speak at the eleventh hour in the place of Miss Jumer, who was unable to appear. In the course of a most amusing speech she carried the proposer's arguments to a reductio ad absurdum. Public discussion was desultory and disappointing. The tendency of both debates was to wander from the point to particular and irrelevant side issues. ART CLUB. President—E. M. GRANTHAM. Secretary—D. THORPE. Two architectural expeditions have been made this term. The first was to Bicester to see the church, which is an illustration of the development of church architecture. A second expedition was to Witney, where we visited the church, the Market Place, and various other scenes of interest. We then went on to Coggs, where we saw the little Norman church and the Manor House. On both occasions Miss Burrows has provided the most delightful teas, and we wish to express our gratitude for her kindness in conducting these expeditions. LITERARY SOCIETY. President—Miss HAY. Secretary—Miss NICHOLS. Two meetings of the Society have been held this Term. At the first, ' Love is Enough,' by William Morris, was begun ; while at the second, which was open to all members of the Hall and their friends, the Hon. Stephen Coleridge read a short but most interesting paper on ' Love, the Begotten of Poetry.'

people were tested during the middle part of the term, with very satisfactory results. The punting style is good on the whole, and several ' halves ' should get their captaincies before the end of the term. The Four has been out twice or three times nearly every week. There are several very promising oars, but many people who have now been rowing for some time should show a greater improvement soon. There were a good number of entries for the Regatta, held in the last week of term. The following have qualified :Boat, whole—G. Pocock. Boat, half—K. Gibberd. Punt, whole—R. Woodthorpe, M. Verini. Punt, half—R. Dacombe, C. FitzGerald, G. Pocock, C. Lloyd, A. Nichols, A. Harvey, D. Adler, N. Tutin. Canoe Captaincy—K. Gibberd, N. Tutin. OXFORD HOME STUDENTS. There is very little to record this term. One afternoon social has been held in the Common Room, and the numbers were far more encouraging than usual. We hope to have a river picnic in the last week of term. At present we are taking our turn at packing the weekly parcels for the prisoners of war. TENNIS CLUB. This term we have hired one of the University courts, and there has been more play than usual. On the whole, the play is better than last year, but there is still much room for improvement in style and strength.

LAWN TENNIS CLUB. Capatin—Miss CRICHTON. Secretary—Miss SHUFELDT. Treasurer—Miss BISHOP. The VI. have not played any matches except the Cup matches this term. Our first two couples were the same as last season, but the third couple was a new combination, and their play has improved considerably. The whole team has suffered from its lack of net players. Miss Crichton and Miss Bowler have been our only representatives in Central this year.

BOAT CLUB. President—Miss BUTLER. Secretary—MISS JAMES. Treasurer—Miss WEBSTER. The Boat Club is in a flourishing condition this term. A sculling test has been held, and three Captains and one Half-Captain were qualified, also one Punt Captain. We hope there will be several more in a few days. The Club has invested its money in a canoe, but there has been considerable difficulty about housing it. By having a canoe of our own it is hoped to be able to make use of it during the winter terms.

BOAT CLUB. President—MISS TODD. Captain—MISS BAUMGARTNER. Vice-Captain—MISS HAY. Members have made up for the time lost during the last two terms owing to bad weather by practising hard this term. Punting, especially, has been taken up with much enthusiasm, and many

NEW STUDENTS. Elsie Wenham Alden, Oxford High School. Janet Dundas Allen, St. Mary's School, Wantage. Thordis Amundsen, Bergen Gymnasium. Mary Wincarls Porter, Bryn Mawr College, U.S.A. Violet Annie Prideaux, Sorbonne, Paris. Amy Ganswede Josephine Watts, St. Hilda's Hall.

PARKER AND CO., OXFORD.