ANGELICA & MATT NORTON

The Softer Side Of Hardscape

Material Choices To Put Everyone On Solid Ground

Angelica & Matt Norton , Landscape Designers & Owners of Open Envelope Studio

We often use words like “cozy” and “relaxing” to describe designed landscapes that help people recharge after a long day. And much like plants, surface treatments tangibly shape the experience of a landscape.

While everyone is affected by their surroundings, for neurodivergent or sensitive individuals, perception of textures, shapes, and colors can be heightened. Even walking through an unfamiliar space can cause anxiety. Yet hardscape materials can help calm the nervous system through proper surface treatment selection, heat absorption, and paving choices.

Texture

The contrast between gravel colors and sizes, as well as the texture underfoot, influences interaction with the space. Consider how large, rounded river stones can feel unstable and increase the risk of twisting an ankle, while smaller stones interlock for more stability, though may be uncomfortable for bare feet. Pea gravel, with its rounded edges, can feel pleasant barefoot but may shift, similar to sand at the beach. Thoughtful surface treatment selection, then, can naturally guide movement and ensure that paths and gathering spaces provide stability and comfort for all who enter the space.

Temperature

Heat absorption, influenced by a material’s albedo, or reflectivity, also affects barefootfriendliness. Dark-colored materials with low albedo, such as woods, gravels, and tiles, can become intensely hot in the summer sun. Conversely, lighter materials like blonde woods, travertine, and limestone reflect more heat and remain cooler, making them more suitable for barefoot use. This is particularly important for fostering a grounded connection to the earth, especially when designing for those with elevated anxiety. Designing spaces with sensory-friendly materials allows comfortable use in various weather conditions.

Placement

Placement of pavers or poured-in-place concrete can enhance the functionality of a landscape design. For primary pathways connecting indoor and outdoor spaces, solid surfaces may be preferable, provided impervious coverage limits allow for it. Furniture stability is another consideration. A picnic table with a wide-based leg can work on various surfaces, while a chair with narrow legs may feel unstable and contribute to dysregulation if placed on shifting gravel. Ensuring that seating areas are both visually appealing and functionally stable elevates the comfort and usability of the space.

A thoughtful approach to material selection enhances the overall experience of a space for everyone. Even neurotypical individuals clearly benefit from well-designed hardscapes that promote nervous system regulation. By prioritizing sensory-friendly materials and surfaces, landscape designers can create inclusive and welcoming outdoor environments that all can enjoy. n

Up Next: We’ll move on to incorporating client feedback for our next article!

AUTHOR

Angelica Norton, ASLA

Owner of Open Envelope Studio LLC (512) 925-0155 angelica@openenvelopestudio.com www.oes.design