The environmental and resource productivity of the economy‡ CO2 productivity Production-based CO2 productivity (S) GDP per unit of energy-related CO2 emitted
Carbon & energy productivity
Demand-based CO2 productivity (S/M) Real income per unit of energy-related CO2 emitted
Energy productivity Energy productivity GDP per unit of TPES (S) Energy intensity by sector (manufacturing, transport, households, services) (S/M)
Data sources and notes National GHG inventories submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), covering emissions from stationary sources. CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion (all EaP countries) in the International Energy Agency (IEA) energy databases.
policy Perspectives
OECD: Measuring the transformation of the economy - green growth Indicators
Energy supply and consumption, available from the IEA (all EaP countries). Energy supply and use, electric power transmission and distribution losses, available from the World Bank (all EaP countries).
Share of renewable energy sources in TPES or in electricity production (S)
Material productivity (non-energy) Demand-based material productivity (M/L) (comprehensive measure; original units in physical terms) Real income per unit of materials consumed, materials mix.
Resource productivity
Production-based (domestic) material productivity GDP per unit of materials consumed, materials mix - Biotic materials: food, other biomass - Abiotic materials: metallic minerals, industrial minerals. Waste generation intensity and recovery ratios (M/L) by sector, per unit of GDP or value added, per capita.
Nutrient flows and balances (L) • Nutrient balances in agriculture per agricultural land area and change in agricultural output (*) (S/M)
Water productivity Value added per unit of water consumed, by sector (M)
Multifactor productivity
The OECD “database on material flows”, (for OECD countries). Database on material flows (all EaP countries), available from the Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI) and the Vienna University of Economics and Business.
Multifactor productivity reflecting environmental services (M/L) (comprehensive measure; original units monetary terms)
Waste generation from economic sectors, in national state-of-the-environment reports and statistical yearbooks (in EaP countries). National waste generation, collected by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) and UNEP. Hak et al. (2013) examined resource efficiency issues in the EECCA region using a material flows database with mainly FAO and IEA statistics. Use of mineral and organic fertilisers, agricultural outputs collected by agriculture or environment ministries, statistical agencies. Consumption of nitrogen and phosphate fertilisers, published in FAOSTAT (Agri-Environmental Indicators) and World Bank databases. Water use, collected by national environmental authorities (measurement methods vary among EaP countries). Total freshwater use by sector, available in the Questionnaire on Environment Statistics (UNSD, UNEP, 2013).
This indicator is not yet fully measurable.
The data sources are based on OECD (forthcoming) Measuring The Green Transformation Of The Economy: Green Growth Indicators Guide, EaP GREEN. Based on OECD (2014), S = Short term, M= Medium term, L = Long term. * proxy indicator when the main indicators are not available.
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