OECD: Measuring the transformation of the economy - green growth Indicators
Economic opportunities and policy responses Governments play a key role in fostering green growth by: •
Creating conditions that stimulate greener production and consumption through policy instruments.
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Encouraging co-operation and sharing of good practices among enterprises.
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Developing and promoting use of new technology and innovation.
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Increasing policy coherence.
The main challenge is to harness environmental protection as a source of growth, international competitiveness, trade and jobs. The main issues of importance to green growth under this heading are: •
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Technology and innovation, as important drivers of growth and productivity. Innovation can spur new markets, contribute to job creation, and facilitate the diffusion of knowledge. Technology and innovation are important for managing natural resources and raw materials and minimising the pollution burden.
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Production of environmental goods and services, as important aspect of the economic opportunities that arise in a greener economy.
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International financial flows facilitate investment in green infrastructure and uptake and dissemination of technology and knowledge, foster cross-country exchange of knowledge and contribute to meeting development and environmental objectives.
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Prices, taxes and transfers provide important signals to producers and consumers. They serve as tools to internalise externalities and influence market participants to adopt more environmentfriendly behaviour patterns.
Ideally, these indicators should be complemented by indicators on regulation, training and skill development. However, data availability and comparability of regulatory measures across countries hamper the construction of such indicators.