sleeping bags 63–64 sleeping mats 65 snacks 84
V
snow 192, 193–195, 197–198 melting for water 70, 192
visibility, low 46, 115, 116, 121, 122, 145, 191
snowgrass 196 socks 58, 192 Spaniard (speargrass) 197 sprains and strains 214
W
stoves 67–71, 89, 180 strainers (river obstructions) 157, 254
walking style 110–112
stream travel 111, 113, 181
walkways 17
sun, navigating by 122–123
washing 25, 26 cooking equipment 25, 27, 86
sunburn 191, 192 survival bags 65, 94, 95
wasps 178
survival kits 204, 259
watches, navigating with 122–123
survival situations 202–209
water 25 drinking water 81, 209 filters 71, 179
T
use of snow 70, 192 waterfalls 253 waterproofing 47, 55, 63, 66, 174, 204 for gorge trips 245
Tararua biscuits 82 teaching 45 temperature, body 114, 152, 174, 184, 205, 212
maps 129 weather 47, 97–108 above the bushline 191–192
climatic 98–99
forecasts 107–108, 226–227
tents 66, 66–67, 91–92
influence on rivers 154, 247–251
tides 180 time estimation (for trip or section) 121–122
weather maps 102–103
toilets 25–27
websites 224–227
Topo50 and 250 maps 129–130, 133, 134
weight 48
torches 74–75
equipment 62, 65, 67, 69, 71, 258
Trackmap 335 maps 130
food 32, 80, 84, 264 pack and body weight 34, 60
tracks 20 markers on 119–120 training 15, 190, 225 fitness 110
wind chill 99, 191, 212 winds 99–107, 191 windthrow 112, 113, 122
leadership 38 transport and travel 33 triangulation (resection) 143 tussock, uses of 90, 96, 197
Y young trampers 60, 158 children 152, 245
264