FRIDAY, MAY 30, 2014
THE OBSERVER a BAKER CITY HERALD — 5C
HEALTH 8 FITNESS
• Researchers believe,though,thatdietand otherfactorsarem oretoblam efordisease 'There's been a huge uptick in China and India as these Bowels, especially those countries move more toward aWestern lifestyle and adopt that don't function properly, arenota populartopicof Western work and dietary — Dr. Ramnnk Xavier, Massachusetts General Hospital conversation. Most of the patterns," Xavier said."IBD 1.4 million Americans with incases are now skyrocketing in flammatory bowel diseaseits less common relative ulcer- turn, these bacteria influence well-to-do areas of China." Crohn's diseaseorulcerative And whenpeoplemigrate ative colitis, which affects only the risk of getting an IBD. colitis — suffer in silence. the large intestine, is curable from a low-incidence area Genes identified thus far to a higher one like the U.S., But scientists are making iexcept, in the latter instance, appeartoaccount for about exciting progress in underbyremoving the entire colon). 30 percent the risk of developing an IBD oftherisk ofdeBut research into what veloping an IBD, according to rises greatly among their standing the causes of these conditions and in developing predisposes peopleto develop Sartor, who is the chief medi- children.'This clearly shows m ore eff ective therapies.And theseconditions hasresulted caladvisorofthefoundation. there's an environmental affected individuals have bein moreeffectivetreatments impact that we think is mulStudies of twins underscore and has suggested new ways the role of genetics. When one tifactorial," Sartor said in an gun to speak up to let others know that they are not alone. to preventthe diseasesin identical twin has Crohn's, interview. "Diet is one obvious factor the other has a 50 percent Abby Searfoss, 21, who just people who are genetically chanceofalsodeveloping it. that affects both the composigraduated from the Universusceptible. sity of Connecticut, shared In the general population, tionofthegutbiota and also Two concurrent avenues her story not in a support ofhigh-powered research are the risk among siblings of its function," he said, referring to the micro-organisms that group, but online. She was a supported by the Crohn's and a Crohn's patient is only 5 high school senior in RidgeColitis Foundation of America percent. inhabit the gut."Bacteria Many people carry genes eat what we eat, and every field, Conn., when she became iCCFAl. One is the CCFA ill. After she researched her linked to either Crohn's or ul- bacterium has certain food Genetics Initiative, in which symptoms on the Internet, scientists are exploring more cerative colitis, but only some preferences." she realized that, like her than 100 genetic factors now of them become ill. EnvironDiet influences the types father, she had developed known to influence the risk of mental factors that interact and balanceofm icrobes Crohn's disease. with susceptibility genes also in the gut, and different developingan infl ammatory In Crohn's disease, the immicrobes produce substances bowel disease, or IBD. play critical roles. mune system attacks cells in The other research effort, Strong clues to these thatareeitherprotectiveor the digestive tract, most often the CCFA Microbiome Initia- factorsare emerging from a harmful. For example, Sartor the end of the small intestine tive, distressing fact: The incidence said,"Certain bacteria that hassofaridentifi ed 14 and first part of the colon, or different bacterial metabolic of IBD is rising significantly can metabolize the fiber in large intestine. Sufferers may factors associated with the both here and in other parts certainvegetablesand grains experience bouts of abdominal diseases. By combining of the world, Dr. Ramnik produce short-chain fatty acfindings from the two initiaXavier, chiefofgastroenterol- idsthatarebelieved toprotect pain, cramps and diarrhea, often accompanied by poor ogy at Massachusetts General the gut." tives, experts now know that Hospital in Boston, said in an appetite, fatigue and anxiety. certaingenes affectthe types Neither Crohn's disease nor ofbacteria living in the gut; in interview. See Crolm'sIPage6C By Jane E. Brody
New YorkTimes News Service
"There's been a huge uptick in China and India as these countries move more toward a Western festyle li and adopt Western work and dietary patterns."
Back almost parallel to floor
with dumbbells Bend knees slightly
Lift light- or mediumweight dumbbells with these rowing motions to strengthen the musc/es of the upper back.
Only one weight After i ~~ ~ ~ half of repetitions, switch weight to other hand; do second set on other leg
Stand on one
leg Lift weight, hold to chest as you straighten, then lift it overhead; reverse the steps to lower weight
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Most difficult Same positionas above
Source: Personal trainer Carter Hays in Men's Health G raphic: Helen Lee McComas, PaulTrap
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support upper body iM<,>~w
during a long run
Lower back
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Hamstrings
By Maria Cheng LONDON — Almost a third of the world is now fat, and no country has been able to curb obesityrates in the lastthree decades,according to a new global analysis. Researchers found more than 2 billion people worldwide are now overweight or obese. The highestrates were in the Middle East and NorthAfrica, where nearly 60 percent of men and 65 percent of women are heavy. The U.S. has about 13 percent of the world's fat population, a greater percentage than any other country. China and India combined have about 15 percent. "It's pretty grim," said Christopher Murray of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
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W idely reported atthe time,the2,000-calorie guideline still gets bandied about today. But the current exercise guidelines from thefederalgovernment, based on a large : The idea that we body of recent scientific hould burn at least evidence, emphasize time, 2,000 calories a week durnotcalories,and recoming exercise seems to have mend that healthy adults originated in data gathengage in 150 minutes per ered decades ago as part of week of moderate-intensity the Harvard Alumni Study. exercise, such as brisk That study followed male walking or cycling. Harvard graduates for as Adhering to these long as 50 years, tracking guidelines means that how they lived and died. most of us would burn One of the first publicaabout 1,000 calories per tionsbased on thedata, week in planned exercise, appearingin 1978,showed said Michael Joyner, an exercise researcher at the that the older alumni who expended less than Mayo Clinic. And with the stairs we climb and chores 2,000 calories a week in exercise were at 64 percent we do, we come closer to higher risk of suffering a that2,000-calorie-a-week heart attack than those number, he said. who burned 2,000 calories But we don't have to fret a week or more during about actually reaching exercise. it. Meeting the current It's worth noting that guidelines for 150 minutes the researchers' definition or five brisk 30-minute of exercise in this study walks per week is enough, he concluded. was generous, including "The added health benclimbing stairs and walking around the block, as efits starttoleveloffafter well as playing sports or that," Joyner said.
Q:
at the University of Washington, who led the study. He and colleagues reviewed more than 1,700studiescovering 188 countriesfrom 1980 to 2013.''When we realized that not a single country has had a significant decline in obesity, that tells you how hard a challenge this is." Murray said there was a strong link between income and obesity; in developing countries, as people get richer, their waistlines also tend to start bulging. In manyrich countries like the US. and Britain, the trend is reversedthough only slightly. Murray said scientists have noticed accompanying spikesin diabetesasobesityhas risen and thatrates ofcancers linked to weight, like pancreatic cancer, are also rising.
You are on the right path! Michael Rushton, DPM
OA
See Obesity/Bge 6C
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Parenting a small child requires the forethought of a crisis planner, the reflexes of a professional goalkeeper, the energy of a cheerleader and the empathy of a therapist. Aftereons ofpractice atsuch caregiving, it'sclear thatmothers have evolved some brawn in those parts of the brain that weave together these many skills, and that practice strengthens them. But fathers can clearly develop the same cognitive and emotional muscle, and a new study finds that the more he cares for his offspring, the more a father's brain looks and behaves like that of a mother engaged in the everyday care of a child. In fact, say the Israeli authors of the study, the very practice of caregiving, whether by a mom who is her child's primary caregiver, a dad who steps in to help or agay father raising a child with no woman in the picture, activatesarecognizable"parental caregiving neural network." Their research was published Tuesday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The researchers said they may be the first to take advantage of an unprecedented cultural shift. Changing cultural mores have given modern men a larger role in the care of their offspring, and
in instances of gay male couples who have chosen to raise childrentogether,atleastoneofthe men takes on the role of primary caregiver and no mother figure is presentatall. In a series of experiments, the researchers, led by Eyal Abraham of Bar-Ilan University, visitedand videotaped 89 first-time parents as they interacted with their babies. They took measurem ents of the parents'levelsof oxytocin, a hormone that mediatesbehavior related to nurturing, trust and affection. And later they scanned the brains of the parents as they watched video of themselves with their babies, and ofother parents interacting with their own children. The aim of the functional magnetic resonance imaging iMRIl was to discernpatterns ofbrain activationassociated with parental caregiving. W hether theirdirectcaregiving role is full- or part-time, men have apattern ofactivation that is just a little different from women's. But caring for one's baby prompts activity in and communication among the same brain circuits, whether a man or a woman is doing it. The circuits that came alive with caregiving involve emotionalprocessing,reward and motivation, and in developing a smooth exchange ofgive-andtake known as parent-child synchrony.
Con ratuation . Gra uates...<-
Odesityegidemic is wsrldwide AP Medical Writer
jogging
Is there any basis for the notion that you need to expend 2,000 calories weekly in exercise for optimum health?
Los Angeles Times
difficult
• 8 to 12 reps to improve strength • 12 to 20 repetitions to increase endurance
New YorkTimes News Service
By Melissa Healy
Lift dumbbells to bottom of ribs, pause, then lower
More
By Gretchen Reynolds
StudV: Dadswhocarefor kidstraintheirhrainsto resgondlikemoms
Easiest
Rowing
Is 2,000 calories per week hom exercise really a reasonable goal?
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