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Contents Introduction
Architectural style 15-20 1-14 analysis
Building construction and material analysis 21-26
Architectural 27-40 Conclusion 41-46 elements
-Fast facts of the building
-Style and Characteristics of the adopted style
-Building construction and material analysis
-The structure of the building
-Summary
-Context condition
-Influences of western architecture
-Comparison of the buidling with other modern building
-Significant components of the building
-Architectural vocabulary -References
-History of the building -The architect and his background -Spatial organization
EDITORIAL EDITORIAL DIRECTOR karyn wong
CONTRIBUTORS Team F
EDITOR Lim Yu Jie
PUBLISHED BY
DESIGN Tan Youen WRITER Sharon Wong Evin Looi Jyn
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Introduction
Introduction
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Introduction
Introduction
FAST FACTS THE BUILDING
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Name Year of Construction Architect Architecture Style Location
: : : : :
Dewan Tunku Canselor 1965 Dato’ Kington Loo Brutalist Movement Dewan Tunku Canselor, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Selangor ,Malaysia : Assembly and Event hall
Function Capacity
: 6, 000 pax
here had been a widespread in the number of institutions of higher education learning across the country. Universiti Malaya, was the first independent Malaysian university that was established on a 750-acre campus in the southwest of Kuala Lumpur. Each university in the campus was built to lead in a specific field that eventually led in contributing to the country’s potential growth. The purpose was to lay the foundation for a better nation by generating skilled and educated men (Zuraini, N. A.).
CONTEXT CONDITION Another important aspect while planning the site context is to form circulation routes by creating traffic patterns and pedestrian movement surrounding the whole campus. The pathways from hostels to other parts of the university have to be kept at minimal distance to minimize discomfort for students and provide shelter from the sun and rain. The circulation within each individual building also has to be efficient to allow optimum movement of flow for people to enter and move through the building.
The designs for universities of higher education as to compare with other institutional buildings differ in terms of scale. A university master plan has to accommodate buildings such as faculty buildings, lecture halls, administrative building, student hostels and communal buildings (Zuraini, N. A.). The placements of the academic buildings have to be carefully considered so that it can be relatively economically to build and also to maintain. The site context and the existing buildings needs to allow spaces for further extensions or unit additions as the population of the university grows in the future.
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Introduction
Introduction
THE TRAGEDY HISTORY OF THE BUILDING
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Introduction
Introduction
THE ARCHITECT
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Introduction
Introduction
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Introduction
SPATIAL ORGANIZATION
Introduction
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Architectural style analysis
Architectural style analysis
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BRUTALISM IN ARCHITECTURE
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Architectural style analysis
Architectural style analysis
INFLUENCES OF THE WESTERN ARCHITECTURE
Chandigarh High Court
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Building construction and material analysis
Building construction and material analysis
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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION & MATERIAL DTC was constructed mainly by using egg-crate re-
inforced concrete and ‘beton brut’ which known as raw concrete. It made entirely of prefabricated concrete or bare concrete and the use of higher grade of reinforced concrete for superstructure is able to enhance their durability even further (Zuraini, N.A.). The roof of great hall consists of steel trusses structure and a reinforced concrete slab with up-stand beam forming the perimeter roofing system.
From the material of raw concrete, Brutalism makes a virtue out of that cheap and ubiquitous building material. Instead of being covered up with plaster and paint, the mark of the wooden form in which the concrete is poured is retained in the finish product. Brutalism constructions were designed to be cheap to build and to maintain and to be durable.
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Building construction and material analysis
SIMILARITY | WITH FOREIGN MODERN BUILDING
Dewan Tunku Canselor is quite similar with The Secretariat Office in Chandigarh,
Building construction and material analysis
Brutalism makes a virtue out of that inexpensive and ubiquitous building materials The Brutalist Style Architecture rejects the light, insubstantial quality of the International style in favour of weightier, monolithic masonry forms. The egg-crate reinforced concrete structure is influenced by the western which gives a smooth concrete surface, with the underside of the pattern that creates an unfinished appearance but yet shows the beauty and power of the raw concrete.
India, that were mainly influenced by the late works of Le Corbusier. Both of these buildings were constructed entirely out of ‘betron brut’, also known as rough-cast concrete. They are both massive in form and have the same horizontal concrete slabs that gives the structural aesthetic of the building. Reinforced concrete has high durability and compressive strength that could withstand enormous amount of pressure but has relatively low tensile strength that makes it not poor ability to resist from cracking and snapping (McIntosh, 2014). A raging fire broke out and gutted the whole building on the 29th June 2001 and even with firefighting efforts, almost 90 percent of the internal building was detroyed by the fire. The exterior of the building was not much affected as the concrete had fire resistance properties. The authoritie took immediate action towards the reconstruction of the iconic building.
The restoration of the building were divided into 2 stages. The first stage was the structural repairing, the repairing of cracks and a new roof design. The damages of columns and beams were carefully constructed to its original state and the entire roof was replaced with steel frames and water proof membrane Dewan Tunku Canselor | University Malaya
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Architectural elements analysis
Architectural elements analysis
THE STRUCTURE
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Architectural elements analysis
Architectural elements analysis
THE EXTERIOR
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Architectural elements analysis
Architectural elements analysis
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Architectural elements analysis
Architectural elements analysis
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Architectural elements analysis
Architectural elements analysis
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Architectural elements analysis
Architectural elements analysis
THE INTERIOR
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Conclusion
Conclusion
SUMMARY
ARCHITECTURAL VOCABULARY
In conclusion, Malaysian architecture had been greatly inspired by Brutalism architecture
Brutalism
during the 1960s and 70s. Brutalism was practiced by Le Corbusier and was applied on his later work. In architecture, an undeniably honest approached of the brutalism style in which demonstrated that form follow function was of great importance rather than the addition of unnecessary flourishes. His approach to explore the use of concrete in the building construction gave appreciation to the beauty of raw concrete. With the sharp edges and angles, geometrical shape and form, and the exposed rough surface of concrete, brutalism style was introduced.
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: A style of modernist architecture characterized by angular geometry and overt signs of the construction process
Modernism movement : A mode of expression or practice characteristics of modern times Geometric : Characterized by simple geometric forms in design and decoration Monolithic : Characterized by massiveness and rigidity and total uniformity Durability : Permanence by virtue of the power to resist stress or force Prefabricated : Manufactured in advance, usually to a standard format then assem bled on site
Due to different events that had occurred throughout the years, before and after the independence of the country, it led to the country’s formation of various architectural form and designs. There are evidences of the application of ideas influenced by the western architecture that are implemented into the design and construction of the architecture buildings in Malaysia. Dato’ Kington Loo is renowned for his contribution in giving to the development of architecture locally. His work that has shaped the architectural style of that time now stand as monuments, giving inspiration to many in the architectural profession. Unfortunately, brutalism style did not last long as different movement in architecture began to arise.
Void space Superstructure Aesthetic Novelty Reinforced concrete
: An empty area or space : A physical or conceptual structure extended or developed from a basic form : Characterized by an appreciation of beauty or good taste : Originality by virtue of being new and surprising : Concrete with metal and mesh added to provide extra support against stresses
Beton brut
: Architectural concrete left unfinished or roughly-finished after pouring and left exposed visually
Compressive strength
: The property of a material that relates to its ability to resist com pression loads
Tensile strength
: The strength and ability of a material to bear stress without tearing apart
Restoration Cross ventilation Brise soleil
: The state of being restored to its former good condition
Simplicity Load bearing wall Skylight Fenestration Repitition
: A mechanical system in a building that provides supply of fresh air : A type of structural sunshade with slats, holes to keep sunlight from fully entering into the building : Lack of ornamentation and freedom from difficulty or effort : Able to support a load : A window roof to admit daylight : The arrangement of windows in a building : The repeated use of the same pattern
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Conclusion
Conclusion
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McIntosh, P. (2014). Understanding Earth II: Testing earth. Retrieved from http://naturalbuildingcollective.wordpress.com/tag/tensile-strength/ Spirit. (2005). 100 Years Universiti Malaya Stamp. Retrieved June 6, 2014, from http:// http://stampbooks.blogspot.com/2005/06/100-years-universiti-malaya-stamp.html The Thinker on the Hill (N.A.) Mud pies. Retrieved from http://mudpies.wordpress.com/ What-Is-Hvac. (N.A.). Brutalist Style Architecture. Retrieved June 6, 2014, from http:// www.what-is-hvac.com/brutalist-style-architecture.html Zuraini M.A (N.A.) Rehabilitation of the Tunku Canselor Hall, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Retrieved from http://cipa.icomos.org/fileadmin/template/doc/antalya/99.pdf
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