Chapter 05: Developmental Disorders Ibsen: Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which term describes a disorder present at and existing from the time of birth? a. Anomaly b. Inherited c. Congenital d. Developmental ANS: C
A congenital disorder is present at and existing from the time of birth. An anomaly is a marked deviation from normal that can be the result of congenital or hereditary defects. Inherited disorders are caused by abnormalities in the genetic makeup transmitted from parent to offspring. Developmental disorders occur when failure or disturbances occur during the complex series of cell division, multiplication, or differentiation. REF: Vocabulary, page 148
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2. Which term describes partial anodontia or the lack of one or more teeth? a. Anodontia b. Ankylosed c. Hypodontia d. Gemination ANS: C
Hypodontia defines partial anodontia or the lack of one or more teeth. Anodontia is the congenital lack of teeth. Ankylosed teeth are those fused to alveolar bone, usually retained deciduous teeth. Gemination occurs when a single tooth germ attempts to divide, resulting in the incomplete formation of two teeth. REF: Vocabulary, page 148
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3. Which epithelium-lined tract is a developmental anomaly located in the corners of the mouth? a. Commissural lip pit b. Angular cheilitis c. Fistula d. Congenital lip pit ANS: A
Commissural lip pits are epithelium-lined blind tracts located in the corners of the mouth. Angular cheilitis is often caused by Candida organisms. It appears as erythema or fissuring at the labial commissures. A fistula is a drainage tract from an area of infection. A congenital lip pit occurs near the midline of the vermilion border of the lip, and it appears as a depression. REF: Commisural Lip Pits, page 151 4. The formation of dentin is termed a. amelogenesis.
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