Chapter 09: Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases Ibsen: Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Excess production by the anterior pituitary gland is termed a. hyperparathyroidism. b. hyperthyroidism. c. hyperpituitarism. d. hyperglycemia. ANS: C
Excess production by the anterior pituitary gland is termed hyperpituitarism. Hyperparathyroidism results from excess secretion of parathyroid hormone, which is secreted by the parathyroid glands. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormone. Hyperglycemia can result from a lack of the hormone insulin, defective insulin that does not work effectively to lower blood glucose levels, or increased insulin resistance because of obesity. REF: Hyperpituitarism, page 272
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2. The most common cause of hyperpituitarism is a. hepatomegaly. b. hypercalcemia. c. pituitary adenoma. d. hyperglycemia. ANS: C
The most common cause of hyperpituitarism is pituitary adenoma. Hepatomegaly is an enlargement of the liver. Hypercalcemia is an excess of calcium in the blood. Hyperglycemia is an excess of glucose in the blood. REF: Hyperpituitarism, page 272
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3. Characteristics of acromegaly include a. an increase in growth hormone production before the closure of long bones. b. a rapid and dramatic onset. c. thinned lips and microglossia. d. enlargement of the maxilla and mandible, resulting in separation of the teeth and
malocclusion. ANS: D
Characteristics of acromegaly include enlargement of the maxilla and mandible, resulting in separation of the teeth and malocclusion. Acromegaly is an increase in growth hormone production during adult life. Gigantism results when there is an increase in growth hormone production before the closure of long bones. Acromegaly affects both men and women and most commonly occurs in the fourth decade of life. The onset of acromegaly is slow and insidious. Mucosal changes such as thickened lips and macroglossia have been described in patients with acromegaly.
