ATLS 10.6 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS:EXAM GUIDE 2022/2023
Platelets, DDAVP FFP, Vitamin K, PCC, Factor VIIa Protamine sulfate Protamine sulfate idarucizumab (Praxbind) or PCC PCC
Describe the relationship between ventilation, PaCO2, and vasoconstriction. Hyperventilation drives down PaCO2 and causes cerebral vasoconstriction. Excessive hyperventilationcan lead to cerebral ischemia.
If hyperventilation is required, it is preferable to keep PaCO2 at approximately
.
35 mmHg (low-end of normal)
The risk of hyperventilation-associated brain injury is particular high if PaCO2 falls below
.
30 mmHg
Hypercarbia with PaCO2
will cause
in the brain.
45 mmHg, vasodilation and increase intracranial pressure.
Describe the role of hyperventilation in management of brain injury. Brief periods of hyperventilation, titrated to PaCO2 25-30 mmHg, may be necessary to manage acute neurological deterioration while other treatments are initiated or surgical intervention is performed.
The most common preparation of mannitol is: 20% solution (20 g mannitol in 100 mL of solution).
Mannitol should not be given in patients with...
