Solution Manual for Automation Production Systems and Computer Integrated Manufacturing 4th
Edition Groover 0133499618 9780133499612
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Chapter12
AUTOMATICIDENTIFICATIONANDDATACAPTURE
REVIEW QUESTIONS
12.1 Whatisautomaticidentificationanddatacapture?
Answer: Thedefinition giveninthetext is thefollowing: Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) refers to technologies that provide direct entry of data into a computer or other microprocessor controlled system without using a keyboard.
12.2 What are the drawbacks of manual collection and entry of data?
Answer: Three drawbacks are identified in the text: (1) Errors. Errors occur in both data collection and keyboard entry of the data when accomplished manually. (2) Time factor. Manual methods are inherently more time consuming than automated methods. Also, when manual methods are used, there is a time delay between when the activities and events occur and when the data on status are entered into the computer. (3) Labor cost. The fulltime attention of human workers is required in manual data collection and entry, with the associated labor cost.
12.3 Whatarethethreeprincipal componentsin automaticidentification technologies?
Answer: The three components given in the text are (1) Data encoder. The data are translated into a machine-readable code. A label or tag containing the encoded data is attached to the item that is to be later identified. (2) Machine reader or scanner. This device reads the encoded data, converting them to alternative form, usually an electrical analog signal. (3) Data decoder. This component transforms the electrical signal into digital data and finally back into the original alphanumeric characters.
12.4 Namefourofthesix categories ofAIDC technologies thatareidentifiedinthe text.
Answer: Thesix categories ofAIDCtechnologies identifiedin thetext are(1)optical, such as bar codes and optical character recognition, (2) electromagnetic, such as RFID, (3) magnetic,usedinplastic creditcards,(4)smart cards,whichareimbedded withmicrochips capableofcontaininglargeamountsofdata,(5)touch techniques,suchastouchscreens,and (6)biometric,suchasvoicerecognitionandfingerprintanalysis.
12.5 Namefivecommonapplications ofAIDCtechnologies inproduction anddistribution?
Answer: The applications listed in the text are (1) receiving, (2) shipping, (3) order picking, (4) finished goods storage, (5) manufacturing processing, (6) work-in-process storage, (7) assembly, and (8) sortation.
12.6 There aretwo forms oflinearbarcodes. Namethem, and indicatewhat thedifferenceis.
Answer: The two forms of linear bar codes are (a) width-modulated, in which the symbol consists of bars and spaces of varying width; and (b) height-modulated, in which the symbol consists of evenly spaced bars of varying height.
12.7 Whatwasthemajorindustrytofirst usetheUniversalProductCode(UPC)?
Answer:ThemajorindustrytofirstusetheUniversalProductCodewasthegrocery industry, starting in 1973.
12.8 What arethetwo basic types oftwo-dimensional barcodes?
Answer: Thetwo basic types oftwo-dimensional barcodes are(1)stackedbarcodes and (2) matrix symbologies.
12.9 What does RFID stand for?
Answer:RFIDstandsforradio frequencyidentification.
12.10What is atransponder in RFID?
Answer: TheRFID identification tagis atransponder.Atransponderis defined asa device that emits a signal of its own when it receives a signal from an external source.
12.11What is thedifferencebetween apassivetagand an activetag?
Answer: A passive tag has no internal power source; it derives its electrical power for transmitting a signal from radio waves generated by the reader when in close proximity. An active tag includes its own battery power packs.
12.12What aretherelativeadvantages ofRFID overbar codes?
Answer: The relative advantages of RFID over bar codes are (1) read-write capability, (2) largestoragecapacity, (3) line-ofsight readingis not required, (4)not susceptible todirtor scratching that would destroy the label, and (5) the tags can be reused.
12.13Whataretherelative advantages ofbarcodes overRFID?
Answer: The relative advantages of barcodes over RFID are (1) lower cost and (2) the technology is widely available.
12.14Whatarethereasonswhymagneticstripesarenot widelyusedin factoryflooroperations?
Answer: Three reasons are given in the text: (1) The magnetic stripe must be in contact with the scanning equipment for reading to be accomplished, (2) unavailability of convenient shop floor encoding methods to write data into the stripe, and (3) the magnetic stripe labels are more expensive than bar code labels.
12.15Whatistheadvantageofopticalcharacterrecognitiontechnologyoverbarcodetechnology?
Answer:Theadvantageis thatOCRsymbolscan bereadbyhumans,whereasbarcodes cannot.
12.16Whatistheprincipalapplication ofmachinevisioninindustry?
Answer:Theprincipalapplicationofmachinevisionis automatedinspection.
