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Donald A. newell :
: HPAC Engineering :
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HVAC . . 2- inch . . ) ( MERV . )HEPA( . MERV )arrestance( )dustspot efficiency( HEPA MERV . . 1992 . ( ASHRAE 52,1 52,11992 ) ( ) . . ASHRAE 52,11992 ASHRAE HVAC .
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ASHRAE 52.2 )( 52,11992 . . . : . . 52/11992 ( . ) . )opacity meter( . ASHRAE )staining( . )( . . . . . . ASHRAE )furnace( ( . ( .) HVAC . ). HVAC HEPA . )W captured.i( )Wi( . . : . )Ai( . Ai=W capturedi / Wi ASHRAE )Aavg( . . : Aavg )dustspot efficiency( Aavg= [(W1()A1(+)W2()A2(+)W3()A3(+)W4()A4)] / Wtotal . )E0( )Eavg( : ( ) Eavg = [(W1)(1/2)(E0+E1)+(W2)(1/2)(E1+E2)+(W3)(1/2)(E2+E3)+
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52,1 .)E3 E2 E1( . . . ) ( )P( )particle penetration( : =P . ) m ( . . )PSE( : PSE=(1P( 100
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Dick Bennett :
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HVAC CASE STUDIES
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. ASHRAE 60P . . . ASHRAE : . . . . www.ashrae.org/publicreviews Goodman )( )Goodman Manufacturing Company( )( 80% AFUE GMH8 95% AFUE GMH95 . )( . . )( . DualSaverTM . . . GMH8 GMH95 TuffTubeTM .
. . Marsh . . . AIG : . . . Alljanz AG Fireman Fund . : Fireman . . ASHRAE .
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. . ZBuilder TAC . 121 )download( . TAC Xenta . . . . . ZBuilder . . TAC Xenta . . . TAC Xenta 121 . LonMark : TAC Vista TAC Xenta LonWork www.tac.com . / oC . . : .
. www.goodmanmfg.com KMD1162 NetSensor KMC . . . . . o o )± / C( ± F 10000 )/ oC /( oF . KMD 1162 . : LCD . / ( : BAC 5800 BACnet BAC 7000 BACnet KMD 5800 KMD 7000 www.kmccontrols.com . http:// TAC Xenta 121 . Vista TAC . .
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Measurement And Instruments ) (
stimulus point when that point is approached with increasing stimulus and with decreasing stimulus. 8. The smallest stimulus or signal that results in a detectable output. 10. Any item of a statistical distribution that differs from the selected measure of control tendency. 12. The magnitude of variation from its zero value in an alternating quantity. 13. The straight-lineness of the transfer curve between an input and an output. 14. This is the "band" range of values of the measured variable to which an instrument will not effectively respond.
Answer
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ACROSS 3. The probability that an instrument's precision and accuracy will continue to fall within specified limits. 5. The property of an instrument that determines the scale factor. 7. The prevailing condition under which the inputoutput relationship fails to be a straight line. 9. The degree to which a statement or measurement is believed to be true. 11. Any unwanted disturbance or spurious signal that modifies the transmission, measurement, or recording of desired data. 15. A group of individual persons, objects, or items from which samples may be taken for statistical measurement. 16. The range of frequencies over which a given device is designed to operate within specified limits. 17. A statement of the upper and lower limits between which an instrument's input can be received
and for which the instrument is calibrated. 18. The repeatability of measurements of the same quantity under the same conditions. 19. The sum of a number of values divided by the number of values. 20. The capability of an instrument to indicate the true value of measured quantity.
DOWN 1. The process of comparing a set of discrete magnitudes or the characteristic curve of a continuously varying magnitude with another set or curve previously established as a standard. 2. The tendency of an estimate to deviate in one direction from a true value. 4. The smallest change in input that produces a detectable change in instrument output. 6. The summation of all effects, under constant environment conditions, that causes the output of an instrument to assume different values at a given
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C. Barry Oland :
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HVAC HVAC : . HVAC . .
COP Coefficient Of Performance : : CP ( COP : ) : COP = |Q| / W
: :Q . :W COP . : Qhot = Qcold + W W = Qhot Qcold Qhot Qcold : W . COP
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Qhot/Thot=Qcold/Tcold . Tcold Thot : Qcold=QhotTcold/Thot
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: Copcooling=Qcold/Qhot-Qcold=Tcold/Thot-Tcold
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HVAC Lan Xie Xie and and Kenneth Kenneth Cooper Cooper : Lan
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HVAC
AutoPOL Piper . AutoPOL Piper . . . . . )crossbending( DXF . . . www.autopol.com
AutoPOL Piper Y T . . HVAC . AutoPOL Piper CAD SAT . Autodesk Inventor )AIS( )( Solidworks . DXF . . DXF CAM AutoPOL Piper . .
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HVAC W. K. Sieber , M. R. : Petersen, L. T. Stayner, R. Malkin, M. J. Mendell, K. M. Wallingford, T. G. Wilcox, M. S. Crandall, and L. Reed
: ASHRAE Journal :
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. HVAC .
)HHE( . )NIOSH( NIOSH HHE . . . ) ( . HVAC . . . ) ( ) ( . ) ( . . : . : : . : . . HVAC NIOSH . :
. . HVAC HVAC . . )RR( ) ( HVAC . . . ) ( . ) ( ) ( . ) ( . )( .) p<=0.10 ( .)p<=0.5(
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HVAC )p<=0.1( HVAC . ) ( . HVAC HVAC HVAC . ) p<=0.10( : . :
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. ) ( . References 1. Crandall, M. S., W. K. Sieber. 1996. “The NIOSH indoor evaluation experience. part one: building environmental environmental Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 11( 6): 533– 539. evalua-tions.” 2. Malkin, R., T. Wilcox, W. K. Sieber. 1996. “The NIOSH indoor environmental evaluation experience. part two: symptoms prevalence.” Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 11( 6): 540– 545. 3. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1991. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: Building Air Quality. A Guide for Building Owners and Facility Managers.
( HVAC .)p<=0.10( ) HVAC ( ) .) p<=0.10( ( HVAC ( ) ) ( .) p<=0.10( ) . . p<=0.10 . . . . . HVAC . .
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Lucas B. Hyman and Don Little :
: ASHRAE Journal :
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)UCR( )UC( . ) ( ) ( . . . . . . Delta Ps )Delta T( . )TES( . : ) )bridge( ) . )VSD( ) )( ) . )Delta Ts( ) ) oC oF ( )bypassing( ) . ) . ( .) : . ) . ) .
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HVAC
Industrial Heating . oF bnp media . Cooling Process Heating Process . . : Industrial Heating Manor Oak One #450 1910 Cochran Rd. Pittsburgh PA 15220 4125313370 4125313375 fax
. http://www.industrialheating.com
Industrial Heating . Heating Industrial : . Industrial Heating :
CALCULLESS
M.I.3
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