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NBBI ) ( . )NIST( : ) ASME ) ) . . . . . . . http://www.nationalboard.org
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= / )( . / =/ Btu/lb . : WB =/ DB / =/ =/ Btu/lb . : A A . . C A C . )( AC EF . / Btu/lb . AB A . : H / B AB . . BTU =/ Btu/lb C . oF = oF o . =/ F o C / Btu/lb C CD = F : . = DB WB =/ = Grain/lb WBRH =/ =/ ft/lb = Btu/lb =/ In Hg
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: C BA )( D . C B . . BC C B : D :/ = :/ = = . BC / D . / oF D . gpm )( . )300gpm/30000=10 gpm per 100 cfm)) cfm oF . . oF /
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HVAC Gary W. Siebein and Robert M. Lilkendey :
: ASHRAE Journal :
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AHRAE .
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. HVAC . ANSI . References 1. ANSI. 2002. ANSI S12.60- 2002, Performance Criteria, Design Acoustical and Guidelines for Schools, American Require-ments, National Standards Institute. N. Y.: Acoustical Society of America. 2. 2003 ASHRAE Handbook— HVAC Chapter 47. Appli-cations. 3. Schaffer, M. E. 1991. A Practical Guide to Noise and Vibration Control for HVAC Atlanta: ASHRAE. Sys-tems. 4. Hoover, R. M. and W. E. Blazier Jr. 1999. Handbook of Acoustical Measurements and Noise Control, Third Edition, edited by Cyril M. Harris. Chapter 42, Noise Control in Heating, Ventilating, and Air- Conditioning Systems. N. Y.: McGraw- Hill. 5. SMACNA. 1990. HVAC Systems Duct Design, Third Edition. Chantilly, Va.: Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors Association. Na-tional 6. Schaffer, M. E. 2003. “ANSI Standard: Complying with background noise limits.” ASHRAE Journal 45( 2): 26– 27. 7. Siebein, G. W., et al. 2000. “Ten ways to provide high quality acoustical environments in schools.” Language, Speech and Hearing Services in Schools Journal. 31( 10): 376– 384. 8. Tocci, G. 1999. “Building noise control applications” edited by William J. Cavanaugh and Joseph A. Wilkes. Architectural Principles and Practice. N. Y.: John Acous-tics: Wiley and Sons.
. . HVAC . . ANSI S12.60 2002 HVAC . . HVAC
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HVAC
HVAC : . HVAC . .
SEER Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio : : SEER : BTU . . ) ( : SEER . SEER = BTU ÷ Wh SEER Btu/h
( ) : 5000 Btu/h × 1000 h = 5.000.000 Btu
SEER : 5.000.000 Btu ÷ 10 = 500.000 Wh
SEER COP . CAE Combined Annual Efficiency :
: CAE : ) ( . . CAE .
: 500.000 Wh ÷ 1000 h = 500 W
COP EER SEER ) ( EER SEER ) ( COP ( EER .) SEER .)SEER ( : 1- SEER = EER ÷0.9 2- SEER = COP 3.792 3- EER = COP 3.413
. /Companies/FlukeAustralia . http://www.ferret.com.au ASHRAE ASHRAE . ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA/Standard 100-2006 /ASHRAE/IESNA/Standard 90.12004 ASHRAE ANSI ( ASHRAE HVAC Applications . )HVAC : ASHRAE . .
HVAC FLUKE Australia /HVACPro . /HVACPro HVAC . K . . . : K . . /HVACPro K /HVACPro . HVAC .
. ONICON System . GPM . )( . ±°F . . ± ± . ) GPM( . . http://www.onicon.com MegaMix . . )( . . . MegaMix . . . " """
. . ) ( . www.ashrae.org BryAir )Desiccant( . MiniPAC . // HVAC . . . : . Ken Baker VP Corporate Services BryAir ,Inc. State Route W. Sunbury ,OH P :,, F :,, bryair@bryair.com www.bryair.com
System ONICON
DesertAire A DesertAire ExpertAire R R . .
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. Sensor wet/wet HVAC . ) psid( . mV mA . V "- NPTM Shielded . NPTF . . www. corp3s.com . Mitsubishi Electric RISC Mitsubishi . cUL UL CE . GOSTO ISO 9001 Mitsubishi . ISO 14001 . kW FRS A FRE . FR FRF . HVAC
ExpertAire : ExpertAire . )MRE( CA . . http://www.desertaire.com Distech Controls Distech Controls EC SmartSensorVAV . . EC SmartSensorVAV . . EC SmartSensorVAV VAV ) ( . : . / VAV : LCD ABS
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Mitsubishi . . LonWorks Profibus/DPDeviceNetCCLinkCANopen . DigiSmart )TM( Goodman Goodman GlobalInc Amana )R( DigiSmart )TM( . Amana . : Goodman DigiSmart . . . Goodman . Everex Communications Tridium DigiSmart . . Amana . . www.amanaptac.com )RPI( Rensselaer !
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Don Stevens :
: Home Energy :
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Resources The Certified Home Ventilating Products Directory, The Home Ventilating Institute (HVI), 30 West University Dr., Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893. Tel:(708)394-0150. ASHRAE 62-Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, ASHRAE, 1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA, 30329-2305. Tel:(404)636-8400; Fax:(404)3215478. Understanding Ventilation: How to Design, Select, and Install Residential Ventilation Systems, by John Bower, The Healthy House Institute, 430 N. Sewell Rd., Bloomington, IN 47408. Oikos/Green Construction Source (Features REDI 96, an online directory of products, including ventilation fans, devices, and controls.) Iris Communications, P.O. Box 5920, Eugene, OR, 97405-0911, Tel:(541)4849353, World Wide Web address: http://irisinc.com/oikos AIRBASE (database of over 7,000 abstracts of international papers on infiltration and ventilation), Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre, Sovereign Court, University of Warwick Science Park, Sir William Lyons Road, Coventry, CV4 7EZ, U.K. Tel:44-203-692050, Fax:44-203-416306.
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HVAC
HumidAir v1.2
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HumidAir v1.2 . . : . Wexler . Hyland and . )ASHRAE(
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David A. Sellers, P.E. :
: HPAC Engineering :
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Pipes, Tubes, and Fittings ) (
and drain service, and Type ACR for refrigeration service. 15. These types of joints allow the disassembly of threaded pipe systems and are made as a three-part fitting with a mating machined seat on the two parts that thread onto the pipe ends. 16. This type of expansion joint depends on the flexing or distortion of the sealing element to accommodate movement and generally doesn't require any maintenance. 17. This type of pipe bend is used to account for pipe expansion and contraction and is also referred to as a pipe loop that is commonly used in long runs of piping. 20. A type of pipe material that is manufactured by several processes such as seamless or continuous weld and is identified by schedule or weight class in various wall thicknesses. 22. Polyvinylidene fluoride pipe that is widely used for ultrapure water systems and in the pharmaceutical industry. 24. This type of expansion compensating method uses devices that are installed between anchors in a straight line segment and accommodates axial motion only. 25. Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride pipe that has the same properties as PVC pipe but can withstand a higher temperature before losing strength.
Answer
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ACROSS 4. This type of expansion joint depends on slipping or sliding surfaces to accommodate the movement and requires some type of seals on the sliding surfaces. 6. Polybutylene pipe that is lightweight and flexible and is used for both hot and cold plumbing water piping. 8. This organization publishes Standard 36B.10M — "Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe." 9. This organization publishes Standard B 280 — "Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service." 11. These pipe-joining devices can be used for large pipe and all piping materials and are commonly used to connect pipe to equipment and valves and other locations where the joint must be opened to permit service or replacement of components. 14. This type of pipe bend is used to account for pipe expansion and contraction and has an offset leg that is generally about 65% of the length that would be used in an L-bend. 16. These elements consist of such devices as hangers, supports, anchors, and guides. 18. Polyethylene pipe that comes in either low-density (LDPE) or highdensity (HDPE). 19. This organization publishes Standard SP-58 — "Pipe Hangers and Supports — Materials, Design, and Manufacture." 21. This organization publishes Standard 13 — "Installation of Sprinkler Systems." 23. This type of expansion compensating method is also referred to as the offset method and requires the device to be installed in a leg perpendicular to the expected movement and accommodates lateral movement only.
25. This type of springing or positioning of pipe consists of offsetting the pipe in a direction opposite the expected movement and is not recommended for most hvac piping. 26. Polyvinyl chloride pipe that has the best overall range of properties at the lowest cost and is the most widely used type of plastic pipe.
DOWN 1. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene pipe that is a high-strength and impactand weather-resistant material. 2. This type of hose can be constructed of elastomeric material or corrugated metal and is used primarily to isolate sound and vibration and to eliminate stress at the equipment connection. 3. The primary factors determining this pipe-wall variable are hoop stress due to internal pressure and longitudinal stresses due to pressure, weight, and other sustained loads. 4. Polypropylene pipe that is a lightweight plastic used for pressure applications and chemical waste lines. 5. A type of pipe that that comes in XH or service weight and is not used under pressure but can be used for nonpressurized soil waste in plumbing systems. 7. These joining materials melt above 1,000?F and produce a stronger joint than solder. 8. This organization publishes Standard C150/A21.50 — "Thickness Design of Ductile-Iron Pipe." 10. This organization publishes Standard 15 — "Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration." 12. This type of pipe bend is used to account for pipe expansion and contraction and has two legs. 13. A type of pipe material that is inherently resistant to corrosion, is relatively easy to install, and comes in Types K, L, M, and DWV for water
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Dick Bennett :
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HVAC CASE STUDIES
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Steven T. Taylor, P.E. and Jeff Stein, P.E. :
: ASHRAE Journal :
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Robert W. Tinsley, P.E. :
: HPAC Engineering :
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Process Heating . : / . : . . http://www.ProcessHeating.com
Process Heating . bnp media . Process Heating . . Process Cooling & Equipment Process Heating . :
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