dh\yq Hm^o-kp-I-fnse {][m\ cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ

A\pcRvP\ DtZymKÿ\v d^¿ sNømhp∂XmWv. A\pcRvP\Øn¬ FØnt®¿∂m¬ B coXnbnep≈ DØchv ]mkm°mhp∂XmWv. kwc£WØn\p≈ DØchv ˛ ]Xn\mbncw cq]bn¬ IhnbmØ {]Xnamk _Ø \¬Im≥ DØchnSmhp∂XmWv. ss{S_yqWens‚ DØchn\v {Inan\¬ \S]Sn \nbaw 1973, IX A≤ymbØn\v Iogn¬ ]mkm°nb DØchns‚ AtX {]m_eyw D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv. B \nbaØn¬ {]Xn]mZn°p∂ coXnbn¬ Cu DØchpw \S∏m°mhp∂XmWv. A\pcRvP\ DtZymKÿ≥ ˛ AwKoIrX kwLS\IfpsS {]Xn\n[ntbm sabn‚\≥kv Hm^oktdm ss{S_yqW¬ \n¿t±in°p∂ at‰sX¶nepw hy‡ntbm BWv A\pcRvP\ DtZymKÿ≥. sabn‚\≥kv Hm^ok¿ ˛ Pn√m kmaqlnI Hm^oksdtbm B ]Zhnbn¬ Xmsgb√mØ Hcp DtZymKÿt\tbm sabn‚\≥kv Hm^okdmbn NpaXes∏SpØmw. ss{S_yqW¬ \S]SnIfpsS thfbn¬ sabn‚\≥kv Hm^ok¿ apXn¿∂ DtZymKÿs\ {]Xn\n[oIcnt°≠XmWv. a‰p≈h ˛ apXn¿∂ ]uc∑msc Dt]£n®m¬ 3 amkw XSthm 5000 cq] ]ngtbm c≠pw IqSntbm e`n°mhp∂XmWv. apXn¿∂ ]ucs‚ ASn-ÿm-\m-h-iy-߃ \nd-th-‰p-sa∂ hyhÿ-bn¬ 24.09.2008 \ptijw \S-Ønb `qan-ssI-am-‰-߃ ta¬ hyh-ÿ-bpsS ewL\w sXfn-bn-°-s∏-´m¬ apXn¿∂ ]ucs‚ At]£ {]Imcw Akm-[p-hmbn {]Jym-]n-°m-hp-∂Xm-Wv.

dh\yq Hm^o-kp-I-fnse {][m-\-s∏´ cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ hnt√Pv cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ

1. ÿncw cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ

F. sk‰n¬sa‚v cPn-ÿ- ˛ dh\yq sk‰n¬sa‚v \S∂ ImeØv sk‰n¬sa‚v hIp∏v Xømdm°n dh\yq hIp∏ns\ Gev]n® cPnÃdmWnXv. hkvXp°fpsS k¿th \º¿, C\w, Xcw, hnkvXo¿Æw, \nIpXn \nc°v F∂nh Cu cPnÃdn¬ tcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p. sk‰n¬sa‚v kabØv k¿sh sNømØ `qanIƒ ]n¬°meØv k¿sh sNbvXXns‚ hnhc߃ H∂mw A\p_‘Ønepw sk‰n¬sa‚n\p tijw `qanbn¬ h∂ am‰ßƒ c≠mw A\p_‘ØnepamWv Dƒs∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv. _n. t_kn-Iv SmIvkv cPn-ÿ AYhm ASnÿm\ `q\nIpXn cPn-ÿ ˛ Hcp hnt√Pnep≈ F√m ]Xnhp `qanIfptSbpw k¿°m¿ `qanIfptSbpw k¿sh \º¿ ASnÿm\Ønep≈ hnhc߃, Xcw, hnkvXo¿Æw, \nIpXn, DSabpsS hnhcw, X≠t∏¿ XpSßnbh Dƒs∏SpØn Xømdm°nbncn°p∂ cPnÃdmWnXv.

2. Xm¬°m-enI cPn-ÃdpIƒ

H∂mw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ k¿°m¿ hI `qan-I-fptSbpw ]pdtºm°pIfptSbpw, Xcnip hkvXp°fptSbpw hnhc߃ tcJs∏SpØp∂ cPn-ÿ. CuC\ßfn¬ hcp∂ am‰ßƒ bYmkabw Cu cPnÃdn¬ tcJs∏SptØ≠XmWv. c≠mw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ dh\yq hIp-∏ns‚ A[o-\-X-bn-ep-ff ]pd-tºm°pw A√mØXp-amb k¿°m¿ hI `qan-I-fnse hr£-hn-hc-߃ ImWn-°p-∂ cPn-ÿ.

aq∂mw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ a‰v kwÿm\ßfntem tI{µ`cW {]tZißfntem ÿnXn sNøp∂Xpw kwÿm\k¿°mcns‚ A[o\Xbnep≈Xpamb `qanIƒ kw_‘n® cPnÃdmWnXv. kwÿm\Øn\v ]pdØp≈ GsX¶nepw `qanbpsS `cW®paXe \n£n]vXambn´p≈ hnt√PpIfn¬ am{Xsa Cu cPnÿ kq£nt°≠Xp≈p. \memw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ t]m°v hchv tIkp-I-fpsS cPn-ÿ. t]m°phchn\p th≠n Xlko¬Zm¿°v ka¿∏n°p∂ At]£IfptSbpw, dnt∏m¿´ns‚bpw hnhc߃ H∂mw `mKØnepw, hnt√Pn¬ Xo¿∏m°p∂ At]£IfpsS hnhc߃ c≠mw `mKØnepw Dƒs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p. A©mw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ ]Xn®p sImSp-°m-hp∂ `qan-I-fpsS hnh-c-߃ ImWn-°p∂ cPn-ÿ Bdmw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ `qan ]Xn®p In´p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n dnt∏m¿´n-\mbn h∂ At]-£-IfpsS hnh-c-߃ ImWn-°p∂ cPn-ÿ Ggmw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ ]Xn®p sImSp-Ø-t∏mƒ {]tXyIw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-ff hyhÿ-I-fptSbpw k¿°m-cn-te°v Ah-Imiw \ne\n¿Øn-bn-´p-f-fXp-amb hr£-ß-fp-sSbpw hnh-c߃ ImWn-°p∂ cPn-ÿ. F´mw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ (t_m´v C≥ em≥Uv cPnÿ) dh\yq dn°hdn \nba{]Imcw k¿°mcnte°v hne hmßn ]pdtºm°n¬ Dƒs∏SpØp∂ `qanIfpsS hnhc߃ tcJs∏SpØp∂ cPnÿ. H≥]Xmw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ Kh¨sa‚n-te°v hns´mgnbp∂ `qanIfpsS hnhc߃ _‘s∏´ DØchv klnXw tcJs∏SpØp∂ cPn-ÿ. ]Ømw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ k¿°m-cm-h-iy-Øn-\p-th≠n s]m∂pw hne-bvs°SpØ `qan-I-fpsS hnhc߃ tcJs∏SpØp∂ cPnÿ. ]Xn-s\m∂mw \º¿ cPn-ÿ˛ HutZym-KnI IØn-S-]mSv cPn-ÿ ]{¥≠mw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ hnt√Pn¬ \n∂v \¬Ip∂ hnhn[bn\w k¿´n-^n°‰pIfpsS hnhc߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ cPn-ÿ. ]Xn-aq∂mw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ k¿s∆ D]-I-c-W-߃, ^¿Wn-®¿, hnt√Pv cPnÿ, A°u≠pIƒ XpSßnbh-bpsS tÃm°v tcJs∏SpØp∂ cPn-ÿ. ]Xn-\memw \º¿ cPn-ÿ ˛ tkh\hIp∏pIƒ°pw a‰pw ssIam‰w sNøp∂ `qanIfpsS hnhc߃ tcJs∏SpØp∂ cPnÿ

3.A°u-≠p-Iƒ

H∂mw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ ASnÿm\ `q\nIpXnbn¬ hnhn[bn\ßfnembn h¿jw tXmdpw hcp∂ am‰ßƒ (\nIpXn h¿≤\hv˛Ipdhv, t]m°phchv, `qan]Xnhv, s]m∂pwhne, `qan hns´mgnb¬, sX‰pXncpج) tcJs∏SpØp∂ IW°v.

c≠mw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ `qhpSabv°v hkvXphnt∑ep≈ ÿncmhImiw A\ym[o\s∏Sptºmgpw,X≠t∏cpImc≥ acn°ptºmgpw a‰pw D≠mIp∂ am‰ßfpsS hnhc߃ \nIpXn tN¿Øv Xømdm°p∂ -I-W°v aq∂mw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ `qkw-c-£W \nbaw A\p-k-cn-®p-ff \S]Sn aptJ\ D≠mIp∂ \nIpXn, ]ng XpSßnbhbpsS hnhcw Dƒs°m≈n°p∂ A°u≠v \memw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ k¿°m¿ hI `qanIƒ ]Xn®p \¬Iptºmƒ CuSm°p∂ \nIpXn, IpSn»nI, XSnhne, Xdhne XpSßnbh tcJs∏SpØp∂ A°u≠v A©mw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ k¿°m¿ hI `qan ]m´-Øn\p sImSp-°p-∂Xns\ kw_‘n-®pff hnhc߃, CuSmt°≠ XpIIƒ, Imemh[n F∂nh tcJs∏SpØp∂ A°u≠v Bdmw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ ]pXp°pSn»nI A°u≠v˛`qan ]Xnhv, BUw_c \nIpXn XpSßnb tIkpIfn¬ XpIIƒ CuSm°p∂Xn\v DØchpIƒ \¬Iptºmƒ X≥h¿jsØ \nIpXn IqSmsX ]et∏mgpw ap≥ h¿jßfnse IpSn»nI XpIIfpw CuSmt°≠n hcp∂p. CØcw X∂m≠v IW°n≥]Sn ]pØ\mbn apX¬ h∂ IpSn»nIIfpsS apX¬ ]ncnhv hnhc߃ tcJs∏SpØp∂ A°u≠v Ggmw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ IpSn»nI IW°v˛ hnhn[bn\ßfn¬ ]ncnbm≥ _m°nbp≈ dh\yq hchn\ßsf°pdn®p≈ IW°v. Hmtcm h¿jØnepamWv CXv Xømdmt°≠Xv. F´mw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ X≠-t∏¿ A°u≠v (Nn-‰) ˛ Hmtcm ]´mZmcptSbpw ssIhiØnep≈ `qan, \¬tI≠ \nIpXn XpSßnb hnhc߃ tcJs∏SpØp∂ IW°v. H≥]Xmw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ \mƒhgn AYhm \nXy hkq¬ Nn-‰ ]Ømw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ P]vXn \S]SnIƒ°mbn ip]m¿i sNbvX `q\nIpXnIƒ°mbp≈ A°u≠v--˛ em≥Uv dh\yq IpSn»nI°mcpsS dh\yq dn°hdn Unam≥Uv t\m´okpIƒ ]pds∏Sphnbv°p∂Xnte°mbn Xømdm°nb IpSn»nI°mcpsS ]´nIbmWnXv. ]Xn-s\m∂mw \º¿ A°u≠v˛A[n-I-∏n-cnhv A°u≠v AYhm A[nI hkq¬ A°u≠v ]{¥≠mw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ XhW HSp°p A°u≠v ˛ ]Ww JP\mhn¬ HSp°ptºmƒ Hmtcm XhWbpw HSp°v hnhcw tcJs∏SpØp∂ IW°v. ]Xn-aq∂mw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ \ndp-ج Ipdhv A°u≠v ˛ hnhn[ ImcWßfm¬

IpSn»nI apXen¬ D≠mIp∂ Ipdhnt\bpw (ssd‰v Hm^v) ]pXpapXenep≈ \ndpØent\bpw (sdanj≥) Xn´s∏SpØp∂ IW°v ]Xn-\memw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ em≥Uv dh\yq apX¬ ]ncnhv _m°n A°u≠v ]Xn-\©mw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ hm¿jnI em≥Uv dh\yq A°u≠v (Xh-W-ap-S°w A°u-≠v) ]Xn-\mdmw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ k¿°m¿ hI hkvXp-°ƒ hn‰v CuSm-°nbXns‚ A°u≠v (Iym-]n-‰¬ A°u-≠v) ]Xn-t\gmw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ sI´nS\nIpXn A°u≠v˛ sI´nS \nIpXn kw_‘n® \nIpXnZmbIcpsS hnhc߃, sI´nSØns‚ hnkvXo¿Æw, XhWØpIIƒ, ]ncnhphnhc߃ F∂nh tN¿°p∂ A°u≠v ]Xns\´mw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ Icw HSp°v ckoXv ]pkvX-I-߃ hI A°u≠v ]sØm-ºXmw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ BUw_c \nIpXn A°u≠v˛ BUw_c \nIpXnbv°v hnt[bamb sI´nSßfpsSbpw \nIpXnZmbIcpsSbpw \nIpXnØpI, ]ncnhp hnhcw F∂nhbpsSbpw hnhc߃ tN¿°p∂ A°u≠mWnXv. Ccp-]Xmw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ Pe-tk-N\ \nIp-Xn A°u≠v AYhm sh≈-hcn A°u≠v Ccp-]Øn H∂mw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ dh\yq dn°hdn eUvP¿˛ B¿.B¿ IpSn»nI°mcpsS t]cphnhc߃, IpSn»nI C\w, IpSn»nI XpI, CuSm°ens‚ hnhc߃ F∂nh tcJs∏SpØp∂ A°u≠v Ccp-]Øn c≠mw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛tXm´ \nIpXn ZmbIs‚ hnhcßfpw NpaØp∂ \nIpXn, CuSm°nb \nIpXn, `qanbpsS hnhcw F∂nh ImWn°p∂ A°u≠v Ccp-]Øn aq∂mw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛ tXm´\nIpXnbpsS apX¬, ]ncnhv, _m°n IW°v Ccp-]Øn \memw \º¿ A°u≠v ˛tem¨ seUvP¿ (MIGH/LIGH) Ccp-]Øn A©mw \º¿ A°u≠v˛ dn°-hdn seUvP¿/apX¬˛]ncnhv˛_m°n

Unkv{SnIvSv Hm^okv am\z¬ {]Im-c-ap≈ cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ

1 Unkv{Sn-_yq-j≥ cPn-ÿ ˛ Hm^o-kn¬ kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ F√m X]mepIfpw {]tXyIw \º-cn´v Unkv{Sn-_yq-j≥ cPn-Ã-dn¬ tN¿°-Ww. 2t]gvk-W¬ cPn-ÿ -˛ t]gvk-W¬ cPn-Ã-dn¬ ]ncn-tbm-Un-°¬ Hgn-®p≈ t]∏-dp-Iƒ AXmXp sk£≥ Kpa-kvX≥am¿ tN¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ^b¬ tae-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ°v Abbv°p-tºmƒ CXns‚ Bdmw tImf-Ønepw, Xncn-®p-h-cp-tºmƒ Ggmw tImf-Ønepw B hnhcw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. Hcp ^b-ens‚ ÿnXn F¥m-sW∂pw ^b¬ Fhn-sS-bp-

s≠∂pw t]gvk-W¬ cPn-ÿ F∂ {][m\ cPn-ÿ t\m°n-bm¬ a\- n-em-°mw. 3]ocn-tbm-Un-°¬ cPn-ÿ ˛ taem-^o-kp-I-fn-te-bv°-b-t°-≠Xpw Xmsg-bp≈ Hm^okp-I-fn¬ \n∂v In´p-∂-Xp-amb B\p-Im-enI tÉp-sa‚p-Isf kw_-‘n® hnh-c-߃ ]ncn-tbm-Un-°¬ cPn-Ã-dn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. 4s^b¿ tIm∏n cPn-ÿ ˛ ssS∏p sNøp-hm≥ s^b¿tIm∏n kq{]-≠ns‚ ssIhiw In´p∂ {Um^v‰p-Iƒ ssS∏n-Ãp-Iƒ°v G¬∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-apºv kq{]≠v s^b¿tIm∏n cPn-Ã-dn¬ tN¿°-Ww. 5sUkv]m®v/tem°¬ sUenhdn cPnÿ ˛ Hm^o-kn¬\n∂pw ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip∂ FgpØp-Iƒ X]m-en¬ t]mIm-Øh Hgn-®p-≈h (t\-cn´p sImSp°p∂h) sUkv]m®v tem°¬ sUen-hdn cPn-Ã-dn¬ tN¿Øv ta¬hn-em-k-°m-c\v FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p. 6skIyq-cn‰n cPn-Ã-¿ ˛ sN°v, {Um^v‰v, t_m≠p-Iƒ XpS-ßn-bhbpsS hnh-c-߃ tN¿°p∂ cPn-Ã-¿. 7Ãmºv A°u≠v ˛ Hmtcm Znh-k-tØbpw Ãmºns\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ IW°pIfpsS cPn-Ã-¿. 8Imƒ _p°v ˛ Bdp-am-k-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ kabw \S-]Sn Bh-iy-an-√mØ ^b-ep-Iƒ Xm¬°m-enI Xo¿∏v I¬]n®p tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-h-bv°p∂ cPn-Ã-dmWv. 9Acn-b¿ enÃv ˛ aq∂p-am-k-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ sk£-\n¬ h®n-cn-°p∂ ^b-ep-I-fpsS Hcp enÃv dn°m¿Uv Io∏¿ F√m-am-khpw Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn\v cPn-ÿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. 10tÃm°v ^b¬ ˛ d^-d≥kn-\p-th≠n tÃm°v ^b-en¬ {][m\ DØ-c-hp-Iƒ kq£n-°p∂p. kwÿm\ hnPne≥kv B‚v B‚nId]vj≥ hn`mKw hnt√Pv Hm^okpIfn¬ \SØnb ]cntim[\bpsS shfn®Øn¬ k¿°m¿ ]pds∏Sphn® 9579/Un3/2010/B¿.Un XobXn 21.02.2011 F∂ k¿°pe¿ {]Imcw, hnt√Pv am\zen¬ {]Xn]mZn°p∂ F√m cPnÃdpIfpw IrXyambn \mfXoIcn®v kq£n°Wsa∂v DØchmbn´p≠v. AXnt\msSm∏w NphsS tN¿°p∂ cPnÃdpIfpw \n¿_‘ambpw kq£nt°≠Xp≠v. 1t]gvkW¬ Iymjv Un¢tdj≥ cPnÿ ˛ F√m k¿°m¿ Poh\°mcpw Hmtcm Znhkhpw Hm^oknseØp∂ kabw B Znhkw AhcpsS ssIhiap≈ ]WØns‚ hniZmwi߃ Cu cPnÃdn¬ tcJs∏SpØWw. 2At]£Iƒ tcJs∏SpØp∂ cPnÿ ˛ Hm^okn¬ At]£Iƒ e`n°p∂ kabØpXs∂ (k¿´n^n°‰v \¬Ip∂ kabØ√) e`n® F√m At]£IfptSbpw hniZmwi߃ Cu cPnÃdn¬ tcJs∏SpØWw. 3ssI∏‰p ckoXv tcJs∏SpØp∂ cPnÿ ˛ Hm^okn¬ e`n°p∂ F√m At]£Iƒ°pw ssI∏‰p ckoXv \¬IpIbpw B hnhcw cPnÃdn¬ tcJs∏SpØpIbpw thWw. Cu cPnÃdpIsf√mw ]cntim[n®n´ps≠∂v Pam_¥n kabØv Hm^ok¿ km£ys∏SpØWw. em≥Uv dh\yq IΩojW¿ Cu Imcy߃ ]cntim[n°pIbpw Hmtcm amkhpw k¿°mcnte°v dnt∏m¿´v ka¿∏nt°≠XpamWv. ssI∏‰p ckoXv ˛ hnt√Pv, Xmeq°v, B¿.Un.H F∂nhnSßfn¬ e`n°p∂ F√m At]£Iƒ°pw ]cmXnIƒ°pw \n¿_‘ambpw ckoXv \evtI≠XmWv. ckoXn¬ At]£Is‚ t]cpw, hnemkhpw, At]£ e`n® XobXnbpw tcJs∏SpØnbncn°Ww. k¿´n^n°‰pIƒ \¬Im≥ Ign™ns√¶n¬ B hnhcw At]£Is\ Adnbn°pIbpw