287. Formally the Freedom of Information (Amendment) Bill. Available at: http://www. publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmbills/062/2007062.pdf. 288. See http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/opensecrets/2007/06/maclean_bill_lacks_a_lords_ spo.html. See also: http://www.cfoi.org.uk/#other. 289. See http://www.justice.gov.uk/news/newsrelease251007c.htm. 290. This is also implicit in the Code of Practice (see below), which stipulates that the purpose of providing assistance to applicants is to clarify the request, not to determine the motivation for the request (paragraph 9). 291. Adopted on 25 November 2004. Available at: http://www.dca.gov.uk/foi/reference/ imprep/codepafunc.htm. 292. The Freedom of Information (Time for Compliance with Request) Regulations 2004, Statutory Instrument 2004 No. 3364, adopted in December 2004, extended the time limits for various bodies. Available at: http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2004/20043364. htm. 293. See below, under Exceptions. 294. The Freedom of Information and Data Protection (Appropriate Limit and Fees) Regulations 2004, in force 1 January 2005, paragraph 6. Available at: http://www.opsi. gov.uk/si/si2004/20043244.htm. 295. The proposals are available at: http://www.dca.gov.uk/consult/dpr2007/cp2806condoc.pdf. 296. A number of different schemes have been adopted and are available at: http://www.ico. gov.uk/Home/what_we_cover/freedom_of_information/publication_schemes/model_ schemes.aspx. 297. The Freedom of Information (Removal and Relaxation of Statutory Prohibitions on Disclosure of Information) Order 2004, which came into force on 1 January 2005. Available at: http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2004/20043363.htm. 298. This law has been widely criticised. See, for example, ARTICLE 19 and Liberty, Secrets, Spies and Whistleblowers: Freedom of Expression and National Security in the United Kingdom (2000, London, ARTICLE 19 and Liberty). 299. See http://www.justice.gov.uk/news/newsrelease251007c.htm. 300. This is in addition to the total exclusion from the ambit of the Law of those security bodies. See above, under Scope. 301. Data Protection Act 1998, section 6(2). 302. Data Protection Act 1998, section 6(4). 303. In the form of the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998, available at: http://www.opsi. gov.uk/acts/acts1998/19980023.htm. 304. Available at: http://www.dca.gov.uk/foi/practitioner/index.htm. 305. The 2006 Annual Report is available at: http://www.justice.gov.uk/publications/freedo mofinformationquarterly.htm . 306. The 2007 Annual Report is available at: http://www.ico.gov.uk/upload/documents/ library/corporate/detailed_specialist_guides/annual_report_2007.pdf. 307. In the First Amendment, available at: http://www.usconstitution.net/const.html#Am1. 308. Houchins v. KQED, Inc., 438 U.S. 1 (1978), p. 15. 309. Sweden adopted legislation in 1776. 310. The Swedish law originally covered Finland, then a Swedish-governed territory. Finland adopted its own protection for the right to information when it became independent in 1919 and a fully-fledged law in 1951. 311. 5 U.S.C. ยง 552. Available at: http://www.usdoj.gov/oip/foiastat.htm. 312. An important amendment was the Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments of 1996. Available at: http://epic.org/open_gov/efoia.html. 313. S. 2488, 110th Cong., 1st Sess. Available at: http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill. xpd?bill=s110-2488. The bill was signed into law by the President on 31 December 2007. 314. See below for information on the various laws relating to whistleblowers. 315. 5 U.S.C. ยง 552a. Available at: http://www.usdoj.gov/oip/privstat.htm. 316. 5 U.S.C. ยง 552b. Available at: http://www.usdoj.gov/oip/gisastat.pdf. 317. 5 U.S.C. App. II. Available at: http://www.gsa.gov/gsa/cm_attachments/GSA_BASIC/ without_annotations_R2G-b4T_0Z5RDZ-i34K-pR.pdf.
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