THE MIAMI HERALD 16 FEBRUARY 2011 by Miami Herald Ecuador

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INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

Obama Clinton pledges support defends for cyber dissidents budget of ‘tough choices’ BY MATTHEW LEE

Associated Press

BRENDAN SMIALOWSKI/GETTY IMAGES

IMPASSIONED: Hillary Clinton speaking at George Washington University on Tuesday.

man rights and democracy by creating accounts that cater to audiences in China, Russia and India in their native languages. Clinton challenged authoritarian leaders and regimes to embrace online freedom and the demands of cyber dissidents or risk being toppled by tides of unrest, similar to what has happened in Egypt and Tunisia to longtime presidents Hosni Mubarak and Zine el Abidine Ben Ali. “History has shown us that repression often sows the seeds for revolution down the road,” she said. “Those who clamp down on Internet freedom may be able to hold back the full impact of their people’s yearnings for a while, but not forever.” “Leaders worldwide have a choice to make,” Clinton said. “They can let the Internet in their countries ﬂourish, and take the risk that the freedoms it enables will lead to a greater demand for political rights. Or they can constrict the Internet, choke the freedoms it naturally sustains, and risk losing all the economic and social beneﬁts that come from a networked society.”

WASHINGTON — The United States stands with cyber dissidents and democracy activists from the Middle East to China and beyond, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Tuesday. She pledged to expand the Obama administration’s efforts to foil Internet repression in autocratic states. In an impassioned speech on Internet freedom, Clinton said the administration would spend $25 million this year on initiatives designed to protect bloggers and help them get around curbs like the Great Firewall of China, the gagging of social media sites in Iran, Cuba, Syria, Vietnam and Myanmar as well as Egypt’s recent unsuccessful attempt to thwart anti-government protests by simply pulling the plug on online communication. She also said the State Department, which last week launched Twitter feeds in Arabic and Farsi to connect with populations throughout the Arab countries and Iran, would broaden the reach of its online mini-appeals for hu- • TURN TO CLINTON, 2A

New York Times Service

CAIRO — The military ofﬁcers governing Egypt convened a panel of jurists on Tuesday to revise the country’s Constitution, giving the panel, which includes a former lawmaker from the Muslim Brotherhood, just 10 days to complete its work in an early sign of the military’s apparent seriousness in quickly moving the country to civilian rule. Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, who heads the military council, told the panel that he hoped to yield control to civilian rulers in six months or less, according to Sobhi Saleh, the former Muslim Brotherhood lawmaker. The Muslim Brotherhood, banned by former President Hos-

ni Mubarak, also issued a statement on Tuesday declaring its intention to again become an ofﬁcial political party “when the time is right.” TANTAWI The constitutional panel will be trying to ﬁx a document that concentrated power in the hands of Mubarak and his allies, by removing or amending clauses including one that severely restricted who could run for president. The panel of eight people is headed by a former judge, Tareq el Bishri, and includes a Coptic Christian judge and three experts in constitutional law.

“The committee is technical and very balanced,” Saleh said. “It has no political color, except me, since I was a member of Parliament. Tantawi told us try and ﬁnish as fast as we can.” Some analysts voiced concern that the military’s schedule was too brisk. “Constitutional amendments in 10 days?” said Michael Wahid Hanna, a fellow at the Century Foundation in New York. “We’re talking about the architecture of the nation. That’s just crazy,” he said. Some in the opposition welcomed the brisk schedule as evidence that the ofﬁcers were eager to turn over power to a civilian authority. But others, noting that the military had so far excluded civilians from the transitional

government, questioned whether the schedule might signal just the opposite. They worried that the military might be trying to manipulate events to preserve its power by rushing the process and denying political parties and candidates enough time to organize for a meaningful, fair election that could elect a strong civilian government. Two generals on the governing Supreme Military Council presented the plan — which calls for writing the amendments in 10 days and holding the referendum within two months — in a meeting on Sunday night with the revolution’s young leaders. • TURN TO EGYPT, 6A

• TURN TO BUDGET, 2A

Berlusconi indicted in prostitution probe IN THE DOCK: An Italian judge has ordered Silvio Berlusconi to stand trial on charges he paid for sex with a 17-year-old girl and then tried to cover it up.

BY COLLEEN BARRY Associated Press

MILAN, Italy — Italy’s Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, who has dodged corruption trials and no-confidence votes with the skill of an Olympic athlete, faced a potentially fatal challenge to his power Tuesday when a judge ordered him to stand trial on prostitution and abuse of power charges. Berlusconi is going on trial April 6 in Milan on charges that he paid for sex with a 17-year-old Moroccan girl and then tried to cover it up. Berlusconi has been in court for a number of businessrelated charges, but this is the first time the 74-year-old billionaire is being tried for personal conduct. The premier has called the accusations “groundless” and dismissed the case as a “farce,” accusing prosecutors of seeking to oust him from power. Judge Cristina Di Censo handed down the indictment with a terse statement that showed she believes there is sufficient evidence to subject Berlusconi to an immediate trial, as prosecutors had requested. The speeded-up procedure, which is ordered in cases of overwhelming evidence, skips a preliminary hearing.

ECUADOR JUDGE ORDERS CHEVRON TO PAY $9 BILLION, 4A

PIER PAOLO CITO/AP

The trial will be heard by a panel of three judges, all of them women, all picked at random. There was no immediate comment from Berlusconi. He skipped a news conference in Sicily about immigration and did not talk to reporters upon arriving back home in Rome.

“We didn’t expect anything different,” one of Berlusconi’s attorneys, Piero Longo, was quoted as saying by the Affaritaliani website. Still, the indictment just adds to his troubles.

ACCUSED U.S. OFFICIAL LIKELY TO GET DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY IN PAKISTAN, 6A

GERMANY DEFENDS ITS TRADE SURPLUS, BUSINESS FRONT

• TURN TO ITALY, 2A

Associated Press

WASHINGTON — Defending his new budget as one of “tough choices,” U.S. President Barack Obama said Tuesday that more difficult decisions about the United States’ biggest expenses — Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security — will have to be tackled by Democrats and Republicans acting together, not by White House dictates. “This is not a matter of, ‘you go first, I go first,’ ” he said. “It’s a matter of everybody having a serious conversation about where we want to go and then ultimately getting in that boat at the same time so it doesn’t tip over.” The president pitched his $3.73 trillion budget as a balance of spending on needed programs and significant reductions that would cut the deficit by $1.1 trillion over 10 years. The budget includes a mix of spending freezes on domestic programs, pay hike suspensions for federal civilian workers and new revenues from increased taxes on the wealthy and on oil and gas producers. But Obama’s deficit relief is far more modest than that detailed by his fiscal commission, which in December proposed measures that would mop up four times as much red ink. Unlike his blue-ribbon group, the administration’s budget does not address structural changes in Social Security or Medicare, the two largest items in the federal budget. “Look at the history of how these deals get done,” Obama said Tuesday. “Typically it’s not because there’s an Obama plan out there. It’s because Democrats and Republicans are committed to tackling this in a serious way.”

Egypt to rewrite Constitution in 10 days BY KAREEM FAHIM

BY BEN FELLER

Iran’s Parliament urges death for opposition leaders BY ALAN COWELL AND NEIL MACFARQUHAR

New York Times Service

picted as a renewal of the antigovernment sentiment that the authorities sought to quash last year. Iran’s two main opposition leaders, Mehdi Karroubi and Mir Mussein Moussavi, were prevented from attending the protests on Monday in Tehran. Nonetheless, the ofﬁcial IRNA news agency reported, 222 members of the 290-seat Parliament issued a statement Tuesday saying they “are corrupts on earth and should be tried.” The offense of being “corrupt on the earth,” a catchall indictment of political dissent, carries the death sentence. It was not immediately clear whether the two men would be arrested. Both are under effective house arrest with their communications and movements restricted. Iran’s prosecutor general Gholam Hossein Mohseni Ejei said the judiciary will deal “ﬁrmly and swiftly” with those behind the riots, the state-controlled Press TV said.

A day after the most significant street protests in Iran since the end of the 2009 uprising there, members of the Iranian Parliament called Tuesday for the two most prominent opposition leaders to be prosecuted and sentenced to death for stirring unrest. The call came as confrontations between government authorities and protesters inspired by the Tunisia and Egypt revolutions continued to unfold elsewhere in the region, with violent clashes in Bahrain and Yemen. The protests in Tehran and other Iranian cities Monday brought thousands onto the streets, defying an official prohibition and reviving memories of the mass protests that convulsed Iran after the disputed presidential election in 2009. The demonstrations were ostensibly called to offer support for the uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt, but they soon turned into what opposition figures de- • TURN TO IRAN, 2A

TOTTENHAM BEATS MILAN AT SAN SIRO, SPORTS FRONT

INDEX NEWS EXTRA .............. 3A U.S. NEWS .................... 5A OPINION....................... 7A COMICS & PUZZLES.. 6B

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Obama defends ‘tough choices’ • BUDGET, FROM 1A

The commission’s bipartisan report included politically difficult recommendations such as increasing the Social Security retirement age and reducing future increases in benefits. And while Obama has promised to overhaul the corporate tax system, he stops short of commission recommendations that would lower rates but generate additional revenue at the same. Obama has called for “revenue neutral” fixes to corporate taxes, meaning they would neither cost more money nor add money to the treasury. “I’m not suggesting we don’t have to do more,” the president said. At times defensive, Obama voiced exasperation at what he said was Washington’s impatient culture and its insistence on immediate results. He said he faced the same demands on healthcare, the military’s “Don’t ask, don’t tell” policy on gays, and on the uprising in Egypt. “There’s a tendency for us to assume that if it didn’t happen today, it’s not going to happen,” he said. He also pulled the curtain back on the partisan positioning typical of politics, while also pressing Republicans to join him at the negotiating table. “I expect that all sides will have to do a little posturing on television and speak to their constituencies and rally their troops,” he said. “But ultimately what we need is a

reasonable, responsible and initially probably somewhat quiet and toned-down conversation about, ‘all right, where can we compromise and get something done.’ ” Obama at one point overstated the achievements of his budget, asserting that by the middle of the current decade annual federal spending would match annual revenues. “We will not be adding more to the national debt,” he said. But his budget shows deficits as well as debt increasing every year through 2021, and the president later had to clarify. The balance in spending and revenue, he said, applied only to the smaller “discretionary” portion of the budget, not to interest on the national debt or to rising costs in Medicare and Medicaid. Obama said he also wants to work with Republicans to find common ground on government spending for the remainder of this fiscal year and to avoid a government shutdown. Stopping the basic functions of government could damage the economic recovery, he said. “I think it is important to make sure that we don’t try to make a series of symbolic cuts this year that could endanger the recovery,” he said. Obama said cutting too deeply in Washington could prompt thousands of layoffs in state and local governments, which would hurt the economy. “The key here is for people to be practical and not score political points,” he said.

FROM THE FRONT PAGE

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‘A VOICE THAT SPOKE TO MILLIONS’

The three-time premier is politically vulnerable following a split with an ex-ally and the indictment will increase the pressure on him to resign — a possibility he has repeatedly rejected. On Sunday, tens of thousands of women rallied across Italy to denounce Berlusconi’s conduct with young women, which they say degrades female dignity. The child prostitution charge carries a possible prison sentence of six months to three years. The abuse of inﬂuence charge, which experts say is more dangerous for Berlusconi, carries a possible sentence of four to 12 years. Berlusconi could be barred perma-

nently from public office if convicted of abusing his influence and sentenced to more than five years on that. The trial brings to four the number of judicial cases Berlusconi is currently battling. They will all be starting or resuming in coming weeks, after Italy’s highest court recently watered down an immunity bill his government had sponsored to suspend the trials. The prostitution and abuse of power trial could take months, even years, given the number of cases against Berlusconi at the moment. His lawyers could seek to annul hearing dates, claiming conflicts with state business. The opposition pressed again Tuesday for Berlusconi to resign.

In Iran, death sought for leaders of opposition • IRAN, FROM 1A

CHIP SOMODEVILLA/GETTY IMAGES

U.S. President Barack Obama kisses poet and author Maya Angelou after giving her the 2010 Medal of Freedom on Tuesday. Other recepients of the award included fanancier Warren Buffett, cellist Yo-Yo Ma, basketball star Bill Russell and former U.S. President George H.W. Bush.

Berlusconi indicted in prostitution probe • ITALY, FROM 1A

THE MIAMI HERALD

“Leave the premiership, let us not be the laughing stock of the world,” said Alessandro Maran of the leading opposition Democratic Party. “Free Italy.” Prosecutors allege Berlusconi paid for sex with the Moroccan girl nicknamed Ruby, then used his inﬂuence to get her out of police custody when she was detained for the unrelated suspected theft of ¤3,000 ($4,103). They allege that Berlusconi called police the night of May 27-28 because he feared that her relationship to him would be revealed. Berlusconi has not denied making the phone call, but said he did so because he wanted to avert a diplomatic incident. His supporters have claimed that Ber-

lusconi believed Ruby to be the niece of Hosni Mubarak, the recently ousted Egyptian president. Ruby was eventually released into the custody of a Berlusconi aide, who also is under investigation with two other conﬁdantes. Both Berlusconi and Ruby, who has since turned 18, have denied having sexual relations, although she has said Berlusconi gave her $9,550 on their ﬁrst meeting. Paying for sex with a prostitute is not a crime in Italy, but it is if the prostitute is under 18. Berlusconi does not have to attend the court hearings and is under no obligation to resign. In Italy, a defendant is not considered guilty until all levels of appeals have

been exhausted, which takes several years. Judges are assigned to each case through a computer system aimed at ensuring that the selection is random. Berlusconi has made no secret of his admiration for beautiful women and made no apologies for it. But he said, in response to Sunday’s demonstration, that he has always valued female workers in his companies and sought to promote their hard work. Berlusconi is also charged in a tax fraud case relating to his Mediaset media empire, which alleges misconduct in 1999, and charged with bribery in another case. Another tax fraud case, pertaining to events from 2007, will continue with a preliminary hearing next month.

The official fury seemed to denote the authorities’ displeasure and embarrassment at their opponents’ ability to muster a significant display of defiance. A spokesman for Moussavi said the protests had shown that the so-called Green Movement, formed to challenge the disputed election in 2009, had scored a “great victory” and was “alive and well” despite a huge government crackdown when the government quashed dissent through the shooting of demonstrators, mass trials, torture, lengthy jail sentences and even executions of some of those taking part. The authorities had refused to issue a permit for the demonstration, but a spokesman for Moussavi said: “If the government had issued a permit and guaranteed the safety of the people there would certainly have been millions of people out in Tehran and other cities.” The protests were not immediately reported on Iran’s state-controlled media and a summary of headlines in the newspapers carried by IRNA on Tuesday made no reference to them. Initial reports said one person died in the clashes. The dead man was officially identified Tuesday as Saane Zhaleh, a student at Tehran Art University. But the government and opposition disputed his loyalties, with the authorities saying he was shot by opponents of the regime, while opposition accounts said he was beaten to death by plainclothes government forces who roamed the streets on Tuesday on motorcycles. The ISNA student news agency in Iran said two people had died, but there was no immediate confirmation of that. In what seemed part of choreographed effort to blame the two opposition leaders for the unrest, Fars news agency said there had been protests among progovernment students against the two opposition figures, who have repeatedly denied their critics’ accusation that they are part of a Western plot to topple the Islamic revolutionary leadership.

U.S. pledges support for cyber dissidents • CLINTON, FROM 1A

“We believe that governments who have erected barriers to internet freedom, whether they’re technical filters or censorship regimes or attacks on those who exercise their rights to expression and assembly online, will eventually find themselves boxed in,” she said. “They will face a dictator’s dilemma, and will have to choose between letting the walls fall or paying the price to keep them standing, which means both doubling down on a losing hand by resorting to greater oppression, and enduring the escalating opportunity cost of missing out on the ideas that have been blocked.” She said fighting restrictions would not be easy but stressed that the United States is committed to ensuring the Internet remains an open forum for discourse. “While the rights we seek to protect are clear, the various ways that these rights are violated are increasingly complex,” Clinton said. The U.S. will “help people in oppressive Internet environments get around filters, stay one step ahead of the censors, the hackers and the thugs who beat them up or imprison them for what they say online,” she said in the speech to students at George Washington University. She

countered criticism leveled at the administration for not investing in a technological ﬁx to overcome government controls, saying there was “no silver bullet” and “no app” to do that. Instead, she said, the U.S. would take a multipronged approach. Despite the Obama administration’s own problems with an unfettered Internet, notably the release of hundreds of thousands of sensitive diplomatic documents by the WikiLeaks website, Clinton said the U.S. is unwavering in its commitment to cyber freedom, even as it seeks to prosecute online criminals and terrorists. She drew a distinction between attempts to prosecute WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange for publishing the material and measures taken by repressive regimes to crack down on opponents. “The WikiLeaks incident began with a theft just as if it had been executed by smuggling papers in a briefcase,” she said. “The fact that Wikileaks used the Internet is not the reason we criticized it. Wikileaks does not challenge our commitment to Internet freedom.” Clinton argued that the Internet is neither good nor bad, a force for neither liberation nor repression. It is the sum of what its users make it, she said.

THE MIAMI HERALD

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INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

NEWS EXTRA

U.S. names envoy to Afghanistan, Pakistan BY MARK LANDLER

New York Times Service

GORY: A forest ranger standing near the corpse of a slaughtered rhinoceros in a national park in South Africa.

S. African rangers hunt poachers to curb rhino killings BY DONNA BRYSON Associated Press

JOHANNESBURG, South Africa — Park rangers in South Africa are cracking down, hard and with lethal force, on rhinoceros poaching. Nine alleged poachers have already been killed this year by rangers, twice as many as in all of 2010. The sharp increase in the number of poacher deaths has gone hand-in-hand with an uptick in the number of killings by poachers of rhinos for their horns, which fetch top dollar in Asia where they’re prized for their purported medicinal powers. The rangers only fire on poachers in self-defense, insisted Bandile Mkhize, chief executive of KwaZuluNatal parks and a former top manager at South Africa’s premier Kruger park. “The major problem is that the poachers are heavily armed,” he said. “Do we allow them to shoot our rangers as well as our rhinos?” Last year, 333 rhinos were illegally killed in South Africa, nearly three times as many as in 2009. Park rangers have responded by stepping up training and patrols. South African army troops are even expected to join anti-poaching patrols in Kruger, which is the size of Israel and is in northeast part of the country near Mozambique. WELL TRAINED Wildlife agents in Kenya undergo paramilitary training and hunt down suspected poachers using battlefield tactics. In December 2009, poachers shot and killed a Kenya Wildlife Service ranger. In response, wildlife agents set up an ambush of the suspects and killed two of them. Armed wildlife agents walk Kenya’s national parks on foot to hunt for poachers. Kenyan wildlife agents shot and killed five poachers in November, the highest ever in one month. “The efforts from the rangers on the ground are a lot better, and more sharp,” said conservationist Faan Coetzee of South Africa’s private Endangered Wildlife Trust. “Inevitably you are going to pick up more poachers, and obviously the poachers are armed, and they normally shoot first.” The poachers often come from impoverished communities around game parks, said Joseph Okori, Africa rhino program manager for the Washington-based World Wildlife Fund. Law enforcement must ensure that using deadly force against poachers does not become the norm, he said, adding that those killed by rangers would quickly be replaced in a country where a quarter of the work force is unemployed. INTERNATIONAL TRAFFICKERS International syndicates that traffic in rhino horns and take large profits are also recruiting poachers from countries like Mozambique that have even weaker economies. Coetzee said it is difficult to estimate how much a poacher is paid, but believes that while it may seem like a small fortune to an unemployed immigrant, it is only a fraction of what the syndicates earn. Shooting poachers, Okori said, will alienate those who could help conservationists identify recruiters and lead them to the masterminds of the illicit multinational, multimillion dollar rhino horn industry. “The people being killed are just trying to survive,” Okori said. “Focus should be paid to the demand side. It will really be good for people to know that what they are striving to have, this rhino horn, is leading to not just loss of rhino life, but loss of human life.” Since Jan. 1, eight suspects have been killed in the South African national parks and a ninth in a provincerun park, said Wanda Mkutshulwa, spokeswoman for South Africa National Parks. Last year, four suspects were killed. No rangers have been killed in the confrontations, she said. Wildlife officials in eastern KwaZulu-Natal province said a shoot-out earlier this month happened after rangers responding to a tip about a poaching attempt were taking up positions and heard shots. They spotted two suspects and identified themselves. One suspect fired on the rangers and they returned fire, killing the suspect, authorities said in a statement. KwaZulu-Natal parks chief executive Mkhize said a police investigation determined the rangers fired in self-defense. Police did not respond to requests for comment. Coetzee said he expected an escalation in violence. Poachers are desperate and determined and rangers are getting better training and equipment in the face of an explosion in poaching. South Africa has more than 21,000 rhinos, more than any other country.

her list, ofﬁcials said, was Strobe Talbott, a former deputy secretary of state who leads the Brookings Institution, and Frank G. Wisner, a former ambassador to Egypt, who was recently sent on a mission to prod Egypt’s former President Hosni Mubarak to declare he would not to run for reelection. Holbrooke’s post has been ﬁlled on an interim basis by

his deputy, Frank Ruggiero, who served as the head of the provincial reconstruction team in the Afghan city of Kandahar. Grossman, who now works for the Cohen Group, was assistant secretary of state for European affairs, in addition to his post in Turkey. He was also under secretary of state for political affairs, the highest ranking job in the State

Department for a career diplomat. If he passes his background checks, Grossman could face an early challenge in Pakistan, where the government has arrested a U.S. ofﬁcial, Raymond A. Davis, in the killing of two Pakistanis. The United Staes protested the move, which it says violates the ofﬁcial’s diplomatic immunity.

WASHINGTON — U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has chosen Marc Grossman, a retired senior diplomat and former ambassador to Turkey, as the Obama administration’s new special representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan, a senior State Department official said. Grossman, who left the State Department in 2005 and is the vice chairman of a consulting firm, will succeed Richard C. Holbrooke, who died of a torn aorta in December, leaving a void in the senior policymaking ranks on one of the White House’s most pressing foreign-policy issues. Clinton met with Grossman on Monday and he was introduced to members of Holbrooke’s staff, said the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity because the appointment was not yet public. Grossman must still undergo a vetting process, the official said, though Clinton may announce his appointment as soon as Friday. The search for Holbrooke’s replacement was difficult, RICARDO MAZALAN/AP FILE with Clinton considering several senior diplomats be- TOUGH JOB: Newly appointed representative to Afghanistan and Pakistan Marc fore settling on Grossman. Grossman, center, faces an early challenge in Pakistan, where the government Among the other people on has arrested a U.S. official for killing two people.

Seven accused of helping Taliban BY BENJAMIN WEISER

New York Times Service

A group of men agreed to assist the Taliban in a conspiracy to ship narcotics through West Africa to the United States and with the proceeds buy weapons for use against U.S. forces in Afghanistan, federal prosecutors in Manhattan said. The charges stemmed from a sting operation run by the Drug Enforcement Administration, in which paid informants posed as representatives of the Taliban and discussed arrangements for the proposed drugs and weapons deals with the accused conspirators in meetings in West Africa and Eastern Europe.

One conspirator told the confidential informants that they could obtain heatseeking surface-to-air missiles, anti-tank missiles, grenade launchers, night vision equipment, sniper rifles and AK-47 assault rifles, according to a criminal complaint unsealed in U.S. District Court in Manhattan. The defendants included two U.S. citizens, both accused of conspiring to provide surface-to-air missiles to the Taliban and to provide material support to terrorists. As part of the sting, an informant acting as a Taliban representative explained that the missiles were needed to protect the Taliban’s heroin

laboratories from attacks by U.S. helicopters. “This alleged effort to arm and enrich the Taliban,” said Preet Bharara, the U.S. attorney in Manhattan, “is the latest example of the dangers of an interconnected world in which terrorists and drug runners can link up across continents to harm Americans.” In all, seven defendants were charged. The two U.S. citizens, Oded Orbach and Alwar Pouryan, are naturalized citizens, the authorities said. Orbach was born in Israel, and Pouryan in Iran. Both men were arrested last week in Bucharest, Romania, and were being held pend-

ing extradition to the United States, the government said. Five other defendants were arrested in Monrovia, Liberia, were transferred to the United States and were arraigned late Monday in Manhattan. All five entered pleas of not guilty and were ordered held pending further proceedings. Those five were Maroun Saade, described as a narcotics trafficker in West Africa; Walid Nasr, his suspected associate; and three men described as being involved in the drug trade in West Africa: Francis Sourou Ahissou, Corneille Dato and Martin Raouf Bouraima.

Jazz pianist George Shearing dies of heart failure BY JON THURBER

Los Angeles Times Service

LOS ANGELES — George Shearing, the elegant pianist who expanded the boundaries of jazz by adding an orchestral sensibility and a mellow aesthetic to the music, has died. He was 91. Shearing died Monday of congestive heart failure at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York, said his manager, Dale Sheets. Shearing had not performed publicly since taking a fall at his New York City apartment in 2004, but he continued playing piano, according to Sheets. A prolific songwriter, Shearing once introduced Lullaby of Birdland, written in 1952 in celebration of the fabled New York nightspot and its radio show, by saying: “I have been credited with writing 300 songs. Twohundred-ninety-nine enjoyed a bumpy ride from relative obscurity to total oblivion. Here is the other one.” Shearing, who was born blind, first came to United States from his native England in 1946. His first job was intermission pianist at a New York club during a Sarah Vaughan engagement. He took a similar post at another club during an Ella Fitzgerald engagement and sometimes filled in for her pianist, Hank Jones. He continued as a struggling, scale-earning unknown until early 1949, when he hit on a formula that would establish his jazz identity. Leonard Feather — the jazz critic, producer and composer who discovered Shearing in 1937 — suggested that the pianist add a guitarist and a vibraphonist to the standard rhythm section to make up a quintet. The personnel in

RICHARD DREW/AP FILE

GENIUS AT WORK: George Shearing performs with actress Lynn Redgrave in New York. that first group were diverse both in race and gender and included John Levy on bass, Denzil Best on drums, Marjorie Hyams on vibraphone and Chuck Wayne on guitar. The group went into the recording studio and came out with September in the Rain, which sold nearly a million records. Their first New York engagement came in April 1949 at the Cafe Society Downtown. They then went out on a national tour, and by the end of the year, Shearing’s group was voted the No. 1 combo in a reader poll by jazz magazine Down Beat. In his book The Jazz Years: Earwitness to an Era, Feather wrote that Shearing “developed a new and unprecedented blend for his instrumentation.” Shearing worked primarily with his quintet for much of the next three decades. The personnel shifted but over the years included some of the finest names in jazz, in-

cluding Cal Tjader and Gary Burton on vibes and Joe Pass and Toots Thielemans on guitar. From the early 1950s on, Shearing had steady work in the recording studios, ﬁrst with MGM, where he was under contract from 1950 to 1955, and then with Capitol Records for 14 years. With Capitol, he recorded albums with some of the best singers of the day, including Peggy Lee, Nancy Wilson and Nat King Cole, and achieved substantial chart success in the late 1950s and early ’60s. Though the commercially successful quintet was his bread and butter, Shearing in time began to feel limited by it and grew tired of life on the road. At one point, he told New Yorker jazz critic Whitney Balliett, his quintet did 56 concerts in 63 days. Shearing disbanded the group in 1978. For most of the rest of his career, Shearing appeared mainly in solo, duo or trio settings.

His work in duos and recording contracts with Concord Records and then Telarc in the 1980s seemed to revitalize him. He recorded ﬁve albums with singer Mel Torme that were critically and commercially successful. His autobiography, Lullaby of Birdland, was published in 2004. Born Aug. 13, 1919, in the Battersea district of London to working-class Cockney parents, Shearing was one of nine children and was blind from birth. He started playing piano and accordion at age 5 but didn’t receive formal musical education until he spent four of his teenage years at the Linden Lodge, a school for the blind. It was there that he learned Bach, Liszt and music theory. It was also during that time that he became interested in jazz by listening to recordings by U.S. pianists Meade Lux Lewis, Earl Hines, Art Tatum and Fats Waller. At Linden Lodge, Shearing showed enough potential to earn a number of scholarship offers from universities. But after graduating, he went to work in a local pub where he earned about $5 a week and tips for his playing. Within a year, he had joined Claude Bampton’s big band, a 15-piece unit made up of blind musicians who played compositions by Jimmie Lunceford and Duke Ellington. Feather discovered Shearing playing as a swing accordionist in a London jam session. He quickly arranged for Shearing to record for English Decca and, although that recording date was not Shearing’s ﬁrst, it was the one that set his career in motion.

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

THE AMERICAS

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THE MIAMI HERALD

Witness’ background delays Posada trial BY WILL WEISSERT Associated Press

EL PASO — A federal judge has suspended for another week the politically charged perjury trial of an elderly former CIA agent after the defense claimed prosecutors put a covert Cuban counter-intelligence agent on the witness stand without providing them with information about his background. Attorneys for Luis Posada Carriles asked for a mistrial last week, their ﬁfth such request since the case began Jan. 10. U.S. District Judge Kathleen Cardone delayed the trial for four days while considering the request and then told jurors Tuesday that it would remain on-hold at least until Feb. 22. “I want you to know, I don’t take these steps lightly,” Cardone said, “but often times there are complicated matters that require a lot of thought.” The Cuba-born Posada spent decades crisscrossing Latin America as a Washington-backed anticommunist militant and is considered former Cuba

President Fidel Castro’s personal nemesis. He faces charges of perjury, obstruction and immigration fraud. Prosecutors claim Posada sneaked into the U.S. in March 2005 and then lied about it during immigration hearings in El Paso, where he hoped to gain U.S. citizenship. They also say he refused to take responsibility for planning a series of 1997 hotel bombings in Cuba that killed an Italian tourist and wounded about a dozen other people. In a 1998 interview with the New York Times, Posada admitted planning the attacks, saying they were meant to cripple tourism in Cuba — but he has since recanted those statements. Posada, who turned 83 on Tuesday, was held in an immigration lockup in El Paso for nearly two years but released in 2007 and has been living in Miami — though he wears an electronic ankle bracelet. At issue is the testimony of Lt. Col. Roberto Hernandez Caballero, an ofﬁcial at the powerful Cuban Interior Ministry. Posada’s attorneys say prosecutors knew Hernandez Caballero was an

undercover agent prepared to lie for the Castro government but delayed handing over documents showing that so he could take the stand in the Posada case. Hernandez Caballero testified last week that he was merely a veteran criminal investigator assigned to the bombings at some of Cuba’s most-luxurious hotels 14 years ago. Posada is not on trial for those attacks — only for lying about them during the El Paso hearings. In a written motion seeking to have the case thrown out, Posada’s attorneys wrote that Hernandez Caballero testified in a separate federal hijacking trial in Tampa, Fla., in 1997 that he worked for Cuban counter-intelligence. They said prosecutors had a transcript of Hernandez Caballero’s 1997 testimony but dragged their feet in turning it over. “The fact is that the Government failed to disclose the status of this individual as a Cuban intelligence agent in a case involving the highest profile target of Cuban intelligence in the world,” the defense motion said.

Agents fighting war on ice on the U.S.-Canada border BY CHRIS HAWLEY Associated Press

MASSENA, N.Y. — U.S. Border Patrol agent Glenn Pickering slowed his rumbling snowmobile to a stop and eyed two trails of churned-up snow running down a riverbank. They were snowmobile tracks leading out onto the ice of the frozen St. Lawrence River that runs between upstate New York and Canada. At night smugglers race across the ice with bags of marijuana. Pickering shielded his eyes with his hand as the wind covered the tracks; he couldn’t see whether they went all the way across the border. “There are all these islands out here, and the snowmobiles just come shooting across,” Pickering said. “It’s a constant battle.” This is the United States’ forgotten border, where federal agents and police play cat-and-mouse with smugglers and illegal immigrants along 4,000 miles of a mostly unmarked and unfortiﬁed frontier with Canada. Unlike the southern border with Mexico, where drug-related violence has exploded in recent years, the northern border rarely makes headlines. That changed this month after the U.S. Government Accountability Ofﬁce released a report warning that the terrorist threat from Canada was higher than from Mexico because of the vast swaths of unprotected frontier. Just 32 miles of the 4,000-mile border have an acceptable level of Border Patrol security, with agents available to make on-site arrests, the report said. Senators from northern border states urged the U.S.

federal government to deploy military radar and more unmanned planes. The head of the Senate’s Homeland Security committee, Sen. Joe Lieberman, suggested the government should examine whether to require visas of Canadian visitors. “Our country is so focused on the southern border,” said Republican Rep. Candice Miller, of the northern border state Michigan, who will chair a hearing about the report on Tuesday. “At the same time the northern border is essentially wide open.” U.S. officials have said they are especially worried about extremists like Ahmed Ressam, the “millenium bomber” who was caught in 1999 trying to bring an explosives-filled car into the United States on a ferry from British Columbia. Ressam had planned to bomb the Los Angeles airport during the 2000 New Year celebration. The GAO report also warned of “known terrorist organizations” in Canada. Since 2004 Canadian investigators have uncovered plots to bomb the country’s main stock exchange, government buildings in Canada and targets in Britain. Recent drug arrests have highlighted the border’s porousness. In May, a Canadian kingpin confessed to running 2,000 pounds of marijuana a week through the forests of upstate New York. A gang arrested in November smuggled the narcotic painkiller OxyContin. And in December, Canadian officials arrested 29 smugglers on charges of using boats to run tons of marijuana, Ecstasy and metamphetamine

across the Great Lakes to Michigan and New York. U.S. President Barack Obama and Canada’s Prime Minister Stephen Harper signed a Feb. 4 agreement to share more information on travelers and better coordinate cross-border investigations. The Department of Homeland Security has tripled the number of agents on the northern border in recent years and is building a $30 million intelligencegathering center at a Michigan Air National Guard base. Some critics say the Canadian threat is overblown, saying the volume of most drugs seized along its border is still a tiny fraction of 1 percent compared to seizures at U.S.-Mexico crossings. Residents complain that increased patrols are scaring away Canadian visitors. “There are more drugs on Wall Street than here,” said Jonathan Maracle, 35, who owns a gift shop on the 12,000-member Akwesasne Mohawk reservation, straddling New York and Canada on both sides of the St. Lawrence River. The reservation, a frigid archipelago a few miles downriver from where Pickering rode his snowmobile, epitomizes the challenges border agents face. About 20 percent of all the high-potency marijuana produced in Canada — “multiple tons” each week — is smuggled through a patch of border less than 10 miles wide on the reservation, the U.S. Department of Justice reported in May. Since 2008, U.S. prosecutors say they have broken up four major smuggling rings operating on the Mohawk territory.

Brazil arrests 30 police officers BY ALEXEI BARRIONUEVO

New York Times Service

SAO PAULO — After federal police arrested 30 police officers in Rio de Janeiro who were suspected of working with drug traffickers, Jose Mariano Beltrame, the state’s senior police official, said that rooting out corrupt officers would be a priority this year. Beltrame said federal officers involved in a major corruption investigation called Operation Guillotine had arrested 38 people, including 20 officers from Rio’s military police and 10 officers from the city’s civil police. “In no part of the world do police turn the page with this type of people,” said

Beltrame, who is the security chief for the state of Rio de Janeiro. Among those arrested was Carlos Antonio Oliveira, a former deputy chief of the civil police who has been working in the mayor’s office as deputy chief of operations in the Secretariat of Public Order. The mayor’s office immediately exonerated Oliveira after he turned himself in, saying that he had left the police force before the suspected activity took place. But his previous relationship as a deputy to the current chief of the civil police, Allan Turnowski, is causing a crisis within the department. Beltrame said later that he had confidence in Turnowski.

The officers were accused of reselling arms to traffickers, tipping criminals to police actions and taking items from traffickers during police operations. The investigators said one gang was operating a militia inside a slum. Beltrame has led a government effort in Rio to take back control of poor neighborhoods that have been controlled by drug gangs, by flooding areas with elite squads of police officers and then installing a community police force. The program has won praise from residents, and the national government said it would adopt the program for use in other parts of the country.

MOISES SAMAN/NEW YORK TIMES SERVICE

HAZARDOUS: Local residents wash in the contaminated Santa Fe river near Shushufindi, in the oil producing Amazon region of northern Ecuador.

Ecuador judge orders Chevron to pay $9B BY SIMON ROMERO AND CLIFFORD KRAUSS

New York Times Service

CARACAS — A judge in a tiny courtroom in the Ecuadorean Amazon has ruled that the oil giant Chevron was responsible for polluting remote tracts of Ecuadorean jungle and ordered the company to pay more than $9 billion in damages, one of the largest environmental awards ever. The decision by Judge Nicolas Zambrano in Lago Agrio, a town founded as an oil camp in the 1960s, immediately opened a contentious new stage of appeals in a legal battle that has dragged on in courts in Ecuador and the United States for 17 years, pitting forest tribes and villagers against one of the largest U.S. corporations. The award against Chevron “is one of the largest judgments ever imposed for environmental contamination in any court,” said David M. Uhlmann, an expert in environmental law at the University of Michigan. “It falls well short of the $20 billion that BP has agreed to pay to compensate victims of the gulf oil spill but is a landmark decision nonetheless. Whether any portion of the claims will be paid by Chevron is less clear.” Both sides said they would appeal the ruling, setting the stage for months and potentially years more of legal wrangling in the closely watched case, which has already been marked by claims of industrial espionage and fraud, and remarkably bitter disputes among the various lawyers involved. Legal experts said that the size of the award and the attention the case has focused on environmental degradation were likely to encourage similar suits. The 188-page ruling found

Chevron responsible for damages of about $8.6 billion, and perhaps double that amount if Chevron fails to publicly apologize for its actions within 15 days. The judge also ordered Chevron to pay $860 million, or 10 percent of the damages, to the Amazon Defense Coalition, the group formed to represent the plaintiffs. ‘TRIUMPH OF JUSTICE’ Pablo Fajardo, a lawyer for the plaintiffs, called the ruling a “triumph of justice,” but said it still fell short. “We’re going to appeal because we think that the damages awarded are not enough,” he said in a telephone interview. The plaintiffs were seeking as much as $113 billion, according to a report recently submitted to the court. Kent Robertson, a Chevron spokesman, said that the company was studying the order to figure out exactly what the damages were. In the meantime, he said, Chevron would appeal the case through the Ecuadorean legal system, and would not pay the damages. “This is the product of fraud,” Robertson said. “It had always been the plan to inflate the damages claim and coordinate with corrupt judges for a smaller judgment.” He suggested that the timing of the ruling, a week after Chevron filed a lawsuit against the plaintiffs’ lawyers, was not coincidental. He said it was coordinated between the plaintiffs and the court, which had previously accepted an expert environmental opinion that Chevron contended was partly ghostwritten by representatives of the plaintiffs, who include villagers and Indian tribes in northeastern Ecuador. The plaintiffs have denied any collaboration with the judge and said they merely

provided information for the expert’s report as the court encouraged both sides to do. In addition to its appeal in Ecuador, Chevron may fare better in seeking to block the judgment in U.S. courts. “It might as well be Monopoly money, given all the respect that Chevron will show it,” said Ralph G. Steinhardt, professor of law and international affairs at George Washington University Law School. “On the facts as we know them now, there are serious questions about the legitimacy of the process,” said Duncan Hollis, associate dean of Temple Law School, who has been following the case. “Therefore, at a minimum, U.S. courts will not be quick to enforce this, but that’s not to say they won’t ultimately do so. There is going to be a lot more litigation in the U.S. on this.” CONTAMINATED AREA Almost lost in the various disputes related to the lawsuit is the fact that Chevron and plaintiffs have agreed that oil exploration contaminated what had been largely undeveloped swaths of Ecuadorean rainforest. The plaintiffs claim that Chevron must be held responsible for damage where Texaco once operated. Chevron, however, argues that Texaco carried out a cleanup agreement. Chevron also contends that much of the damage was done after Texaco left in the early 1990s, actions for which it should not be held responsible. “The judge recognized the crime committed,” said Guillermo Grefa, head of a Quichua Indian community who claims that Texaco’s oil contamination created respiratory problems among his people. “For us, this is very little. For us, the crime committed by Texaco is incalculable.”

Argentina accuses U.S. military of sneaking in equipment BY ALEXEI BARRIONUEVO

New York Times Service

SAO PAULO — Argentina has accused the U.S. military of trying to bring guns and surveillance equipment into the country under the cover of supplying a police training course, creating the latest diplomatic rift between the countries. Argentine customs officials seized undeclared equipment last week, including what they described as machine guns and ammunition, spy equipment and drugs like morphine, Argentina’s Foreign Ministry said. The equipment was on a U.S. Air Force cargo plane carrying material for a training course that a U.S. military team had been invited to provide to Argentina’s federal police. Foreign Minister Hector Timerman said Argentina would file an official protest in Washington and ask for a joint investigation into why the Air Force attempt-

ed to violate Argentine law by sending “material camouflaged inside an official shipment from the United States,” the ministry said in a news release. “Argentine law must be complied with by all, without exception,” Timerman said he had told Arturo Valenzuela, the assistant secretary of state for Western Hemisphere affairs, after Valenzuela complained about how Argentine customs officials dealt with the cargo, the Foreign Ministry said. Virginia Staab, a U.S. State Department spokeswoman, called the actions by Argentine officials “puzzling and disturbing” and said U.S. officials were seeking explanations from the Argentine government. The plane carried experts and training equipment that had been “fully coordinated with and approved by” Argentina’s government, Staab said. She said Argentine authorities conducted “an

unusual and unannounced search of the aircraft’s cargo, seizing certain items.” Staab said the confiscated equipment included one rifle, a first-aid kit, ready to eat meals, a secure communications device similar to a GPS, encrypted communications equipment, tables and personnel foot lockers that contained helmets. She said U.S. officials were seeking “the immediate return of all items retained by the government of Argentina.” Argentine officials described the seized material as including equipment for “intercepting communications, various sophisticated and powerful GPS devices, technological elements containing codes labeled secret and a trunk full of expired medicine.” The dispute followed news reports about more than 100 leaked U.S. cables from the embassy in Buenos Aires which warned of possible corruption within the Argentine government.

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WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

Teachers, school leaders come together in Denver BY KRISTEN WYATT Associated Press

DENVER — A ﬁrst-of-itskind summit among teachers and their bosses — school board members and administrators — kicks off this week in what the Obama administration is touting as a watershed moment in collaboration for school improvement. More than 150 school districts from 40 states are sending administrators and union leaders to a U.S. Department of Education summit billed as the nation’s ﬁrst large effort to have school labor and management talk about student achievement, rather than the nuts and bolts of labor contracts. It’s a summit organizers are hailing as a fresh start to kick off education overhaul efforts looming in Washington, including delicate nego-

tiations over how teachers should be evaluated. But already cracks are showing in the let’s work together effort. The nation’s largest school district — New York City — and the Washington, D.C., district pulled out of the summit after teachers accused school administrators of going back on their word. Other large districts, including Chicago and Los Angeles, are also missing from the allexpenses-paid trip funded by the nonprofit Ford Foundation. In New York, teachers last month withdrew from an agreement to attend after some officials talked about seeking layoffs. In Washington, the teachers’ union withdrew after union officials say they felt “hypocritical” presenting to other school districts how to work together with management.

“If there are ways for people to work together, I applaud it, but you really need to be in the right frame of mind going into the conference,” said Michael Mulgrew, president of New York City’s United Federation of Teachers, which represents about 200,000 members. Other union leaders, though, had high spirits that the summit could break new ground in labor-management relations in schools. “It’s about collaboration, about a belief that if you want to make changes for students, you need to ﬁnd a way to talk to each other,” said Dennis Van Roekel, president of the National Education Association, a teachers’ union with 3 million members. Why does it matter to get teachers and administrators talking in a new way? Roekel cited school uniforms as an example.

“You might see a great public school that has uniforms,” Roekel said. “People might look at the uniforms and say. ‘I know, let’s have all our students wear uniforms.’ And so they get uniforms, but the schools don’t improve. Why? Because the uniforms were just part of the overall plan that came together by teachers and administrators and parents working together. The collaboration caused the improvement, not the school uniforms.” Roekel and other participants insist that the simple act of traveling to Denver together to talk about collaboration will make teachers’ unions, administrators and school board members take a new look at how they work together. “It’s a big deal, in part because we have enormous challenges ahead of us, and if we’re not all pulling in the

same direction on it, we’re not likely to get the results the public expects,” said Michael Casserly, executive director of the Council of the Great City Schools, a coalition of the biggest urban public school systems. Because labor negotiations focus on salary, beneﬁts and job security, student performance can get lost in the debate among teachers, school board and administrators, educators say. “Sometimes you lose a sense of purpose and center, so it’s good to get away from our everyday heated discussions and remember that at the end of the day, we all have the same outcome — student achievement,” said Michael Goar, deputy superintendent for Boston Public Schools, which is currently renegotiating a labor contract with about 4,500 union-covered staffers.

Rape cases mishandled, veterans say

ALL SMILES

BY KIMBERLY HEFLING Associated Press

DAVID GOLDMAN/AP

Actor Jack Black poses with students during a naming ceremony Tuesday for a 3-month-old giant panda cub born at the Atlanta Zoo. Black, who was promoting his animated film, Kung Fu Panda II, posed for pictures with the cub, who was the only giant panda born at a U.S. zoo last year.

Arizona mulls checking citizenship in hospitals BY MICHELLE PRICE Associated Press

PHOENIX — Republican lawmakers want to widen Arizona’s illegal immigration crackdown with a proposal to require hospitals to check on whether patients are in the country legally, causing outrage among medical professionals who fear becoming de facto immigration agents under the law. The medical industry ripped the bill as it was scheduled for a hearing by the Senate Judiciary Committee. Doctors envisioned scenarios in which immigrants with contagious diseases such as tuberculosis would stay home from the clinic or hospital and put themselves and the public at a grave health risk. “This is making us into a police

state that will try to catch people when they are sick,” said George Pauk, a retired doctor with an organization called Physicians for a National Health Program. “Do we want to stop sick people from coming in for healthcare?” Arizona is the ﬁrst Legislature to take up such a measure amid a national push in conservative states to crack down on illegal immigration, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. Arizona lawmakers ignited the debate a year ago when they passed a bill that required local police, while enforcing other laws, to question the immigration status of those they suspect are in the country illegally. A judge later put that provision on hold.

The discussion about the bill comes just days after an illegal immigrant in Texas with a banana-size tumor in her spine said she was ousted from her hospital because of her immigration status. She later found another hospital to get treatment. Supporters say the hospital bill is necessary tool to ﬁght illegal immigration at a time when hospitals lose tens of millions of dollars treating illegal immigrants in emergency rooms. Senate President Russell Pearce, a Mesa Republican who was chief sponsor of last year’s immigration law, says the hospitals bill is part of a broader effort to crack down on illegal immigration. The hospitals bill wouldn’t bar people from

U.S. man charged with murder arrested in India after 20 years BY TOM COYNE

Associated Press

HAMILTON, Ind. — A man who disappeared from Indiana shortly after a romantic rival was fatally stabbed awaits extradition to the United States on a murder charge, after his two decades on the run ended abruptly at an airport in India. Mahfuz Huq was arrested on a provisional arrest request made by the United States, the Justice Department said. Little is known about how Huq spent the past 20 years, and authorities in the United States and in India are providing few details about his arrest or his activities. Authorities said Huq, whose family is from Bangladesh, ﬂed the U.S. in 1989 after 19-year-old Todd Kelley was attacked from behind and killed in his bedroom.

The case has been featured on the television programs Unsolved Mysteries and America’s Most Wanted. “I would imagine that the detective working on the case could probably see his breath when he ﬁrst opened up that box, it was such a cold case,” said Don Shively, who was a prosecutor at the time Kelley was killed. Huq, now 44, was charged with murder two weeks after Kelley’s death. At the time, Huq already was accused of threatening to kill anyone who dated his former girlfriend, Christine Mutzfeld. Shively, who is now chief deputy prosecuting attorney in DeKalb County, Ind., said he always thought Huq would be caught and he thought he probably was in Bangladesh. The Justice Department says the United States has 60 days from the date of

arrest to submit an extradition request. Steuben County, Ind., prosecutor Mike Hess said his ofﬁce will be ready to prosecute if Huq is returned. According to court documents from 1989, Huq was facing a felony charge of intimidation ﬁled three weeks before Kelley was killed for allegedly saying that if he found out Mutzfeld was dating anyone else, he would kill the new boyfriend and then kill her. Kelley and Mutzfeld had been high school sweethearts, said Kelley’s father, Vern. They had broken up when she went to college, but Mutzfeld had been back in touch with Kelley, his father said. Vern Kelley said Huq had threatened his son, warning him not to go out with Mutzfeld. Kelley told his son not to worry about it.

Even small schools say they need help juggling relationships with teachers and administrators. In the tiny 3,200-student Adrian, Mich., school district, eight different unions cover everyone from teachers to cafeteria workers. Adrian superintendent Chris Timmis is headed to the summit with teachers looking for new ideas on keeping children ﬁrst in routine labor talks. “We end up talking about salary and beneﬁts, not what we’re really all here for, the students,” Timmis said. “This summit, I think it’s very symbolic.” “We want to bring all these folks together so that we can learn from the successes and challenges of others,” said a spokesman for Education Secretary Arne Duncan, who will address the conference.

getting care, but it would put the onus on hospitals to “do due diligence,” Pearce said. “We’re going to enforce our laws without apology.” The legislation, known as Senate Bill 1405, would require hospitals, when admitting nonemergency cases, to conﬁrm that a person seeking care is a U.S. citizen or in the country legally. In emergency cases where the patient isn’t here legally, the hospital would be required to call immigration authorities after the treatment is done. Hospitals in non-emergency situations would also be required to contact federal immigration authorities, but they would have more apparent discretion about whether to treat illegal immigrants.

WASHINGTON — A group of U.S. veterans who say they were raped, insulted and otherwise abused by their comrades want to force the Pentagon to change how it handles such cases. More than a dozen female and two male current or former service members say servicemen get away with rape and other sexual abuse and victims are too often ordered to continue to serve alongside those they say attacked them. In a federal class-action lawsuit set to be ﬁled Tuesday, they want an objective third party to handle such complaints because individual commanders have too much say in how allegations are handled. The alleged attackers in the lawsuit include an Army criminal investigator and an Army National Guard commander. The abuse alleged ranges from obscene verbal abuse to gang rape. In one incident, an Army Reservist says two male colleagues raped her in Iraq and videotaped the attack. She complained to authorities after the men circulated the video to colleagues. Despite being bruised from her shoulders to elbows from being held down, she says charges weren’t ﬁled because the commander determined she “did not act like a rape victim” and “did not struggle enough” and authorities said they didn’t want to delay the scheduled return of the alleged attackers to the United States. “The problem of rape in the military is not only service members getting raped, but it’s the entire way that the military as a whole is

dealing with it,” said Panayiota Bertzikis, who is a plaintiff in the lawsuit and claims she was raped in 2006. “From survivors having to be involuntarily discharged from service, the constant verbal abuse, once a survivor does come forward your entire unit is known to turn their back on you. The entire culture needs to be changed.” Although The Associated Press normally does not identify the victims of sexual assault, the plaintiffs in the lawsuit have publicly discussed the cases. Bertzikis, 29, of Somerville, Mass., now is executive director of the Military Rape Crisis Center. She says she was raped by a Coast Guard shipmate while out on a social hike with him in Burlington, Vt. Bertzikis complained to her commanding officer, but she said authorities did not take substantial steps to investigate the matter. Instead, she said, they forced her to live on the same floor as the man she had accused and had to tolerate others calling her a “liar” and “whore.” Pentagon spokeswoman Cynthia Smith said she hasn’t seen the lawsuit and couldn’t comment on any issues in pending litigation. Smith said the military had already planned to roll out a new hotline victims can call in April. It has another initiative that encourages service members to help those who are assaulted or raped. In 2005, the military created an office charged with preventing sexual assault. Victims can opt to file a “restricted” or confidential report that allows them to get medical attention without an investigation being triggered.

House extends Patriot Act provisions BY CHARLIE SAVAGE

New York Times Service

WASHINGTON — The House has voted to reauthorize and extend through Dec. 8 three ways in which Congress expanded the FBI’s counterterrorism powers after the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. Last week, an effort to extend these provisions of the Patriot Act and a related intelligence law failed to pass after falling just short of the two-thirds’ majority needed under a special rule. This week, however, the bill was able to pass with only a simple majority — and it did so, 275 to 144. The provisions allow investigators to get “roving wiretap” court orders allowing them to follow terrorism suspects who switch phone numbers or providers; to get orders allowing them to seize “any tangible things” relevant to a security investigation, like a business’ customer records; and to get

national-security wiretap orders against non-citizen suspects who are not connected to any foreign power. Without new legislation, the provisions would expire on Feb. 28. House Republicans pressed the short-term extension so the Judiciary Committee, which is now under Republican control, could hold hearings on them. During the debate Monday, most Republicans argued in favor of the bill, while many Democrats criticized it. Still, the debate did not break down entirely along partisan lines. Sixty-ﬁve Democrats voted for it, including Rep. C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger of Maryland, the ranking Democrat on the Intelligence Committee, who argued that he thought it would be better to go even further and extend the provisions through 2013 — as the Obama administration wants to do. And 27 Republicans voted against it, including Rep. Dana Rohrabacher of Califor-

nia, who said the people had “a legitimate fear of out-ofcontrol prosecutors and outof-control spy networks.” Because there is little time left before the provisions expire, it is likely that the Senate will approve the House’s bill — putting off a larger debate over the provisions until later in the year. Senators have been debating their own proposals, which include reauthorizing the provisions through 2013 but imposing greater safeguards on them, or making the provisions permanent without modiﬁcations. Congress overwhelmingly passed the original Patriot Act in October 2001. Over time, it became a symbol of eroding civil liberties and privacy rights for those who believed that government power had expanded too far. Supporters of the law have often accused its critics of exaggerating its risks and of being willing to endanger the country.

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

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U.S. official likely to get immunity in Pakistan BY ZARAR KHAN

Associated Press

ISLAMABAD, Pakistan — Pakistan will tell a court that most of its legal experts believe a detained U.S. official has diplomatic immunity, but will leave it to a judge to rule on his status, an official said Tuesday — a sign that Islamabad is trying to give the United States an opening to free the man while avoiding domestic backlash. Raymond Allen Davis has been held by Pakistani authorities since he fatally shot two Pakistanis in the eastern city of Lahore on Jan. 27, and his case has become a bitter point of contention between Washington and Islamabad, two countries whose relationship is considered key to ending the war in Afghanistan. U.S. Sen. John Kerry was expected to arrive in Pakistan later Tuesday to discuss the case with senior Pakistani officials, the U.S. Embassy

confirmed. Pakistani government officials have avoided taking a definitive stand on Davis’ legal status in the face of popular anger over the shootout. Thousands have rallied against Davis, demanding he be hanged, while the Taliban have threatened attacks against any Pakistani government official involved in freeing the 36-year-old Virginia native. Police say their investigation found Davis committed a “cold-blooded murder” and that that’s the charge they’ll pursue in court. It hasn’t helped that the government of Punjab province, where any trial would be held, is run by a party that is a rival to the one running the federal government. However, a Pakistani federal government official told The Associated Press on Tuesday that after reviewing the matter, most of the experts in Pakistan’s legal and

foreign offices believe that Davis is immune from prosecution. The government is expected to give documents laying out the opinions to the Lahore High Court during a hearing about Davis’ status on Thursday. But government officials want the court to make a final ruling on the subject of Davis’ immunity, the Pakistani official said, speaking on condition of anonymity because of the subject’s sensitivity. He noted that there’s a great sense of fear among many leaders ever since January, when a bodyguard killed a Pakistani governor because the politician wanted to reform harsh laws that impose the death sentence for insulting Islam. U.S. officials in Islamabad declined to comment directly on the Pakistani government’s plans. But on Monday in Washington, State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley said the U.S. on Thursday

HAMZA AHMED/ AP FILE

DETAINED: Pakistani officials escort Raymond Davis, center, to a local court in Lahore. “will present a petition to the court to certify that [Davis] has diplomatic immunity and that he should be released.” Crowley also voiced concern over the courts being involved, noting that the Vienna Convention regarding diplomats’ status clearly states, “this is not a matter for local courts to decide.”

There has also been controversy in Pakistan over the fact that Davis was armed. A senior U.S. ofﬁcial has told The Associated Press that Davis was authorized by the United States to carry a weapon, but that it was a “gray area” whether Pakistani law permitted him to do so. The U.S. has not stated

Police kill second protester in Bahrain BY MICHAEL SLACKMAN AND J. DAVID GOODMAN Associated Press

MANAMA, Bahrain — More than 10,000 people streamed into the capital’s central Pearl Square on Tuesday in the largest political protest to hit this Persian Gulf kingdom in recent memory. Galvanized by the death of a demonstrator in clashes with the police on Monday, protesters waved ﬂags and chanted “peaceful” under the square’s towering monument as a police helicopter hovered overhead. Hundreds of protesters also massed on a nearby bridge overpass.

Protesters chanted: “We’re not Sunni. We’re not Shiite. We just want to be free.” While festive, the atmosphere among protesters, who passed out sandwiches and talked about creating their own version of Egypt’s Tahrir Square, was cut through with a sense of foreboding as dozens of police cars could be seen gathering nearby. The police blocked protesters from the square on Monday. “We advise citizens to stay away from Pearl roundabout area to avoid trafﬁc jams,” the Ministry of Information said in a statement posted on Twitter, even as protesters

unfurled large canvas tents on the lawn in the center of the square’s circle saying they planned to spend the night. Hours before, protesters clashed with the police and a second demonstrator was killed by gunﬁre, spurring the largest Shiite bloc to suspend its participation in the country’s Parliament. With only about a million residents, half of them foreign workers, Bahrain has long been among the most politically volatile countries in the region. The principal tension is between the royal family under King Hamad bin Isa al Khalifa and the ruling

elites, who are mostly Sunnis, on one side, and around 70 percent of the population that is Shiite, on the other. But protesters young and old called for a new Constitution and democratic changes to allow for a more effective representative Parliament and government. King Hamad has been promising to open up the political system for a decade, but progress has been slow. As protests widened around the region after the revolution in Egypt, the king made a rare television appearance in which he offered condolences on the

HASAN JAMALI/AP

OUTRAGE: Demonstrators chant and wave Bahraini flags near the Pearl Monument on the main square in Manama, Bahrain, on Tuesday.

protesters’ deaths and said the process of change in the kingdom “will not stop,” according to the official Bahrain News Agency. The protests in Bahrain on Tuesday, a public holiday marking the birthday of the Prophet Mohammad, drew thousands of people who followed the body of the protester slain on Monday, Ali Mushaima, from a hospital morgue to his home outside Manama to be prepared for burial. Mourners chanted slogans demanding the ouster of the ruling elite, echoing calls in Tunisia and Egypt. The police first sought to block the funeral, firing tear gas at the crowd. In the skirmishing that followed, the second protester was shot dead. The bloodshed prompted the Wefaq National Islamic Society, the largest Shiite opposition bloc in Parliament, to announce to mourners that it was suspending its membership. But it did not rule out a return. “This is the first step; we want to see dialogue,” Ibrahim Mattar, a Shiite member of Parliament, told Reuters. “In the coming days, we are either going to resign from the council or continue.” Many of the clashes Monday and Tuesday were in Shiite villages on the outskirts of Manama, the capital, places with narrow streets and alleyways. Shiites say they face systemic discrimination in employment, housing, education and government.

Turkey premier denies interference in coup trial BY SELCAN HACAOGLU Associated Press

ANKARA, Turkey — Turkey’s prime minister on Tuesday rejected allegations by the opposition that his government was trying to silence critics through intimidation after a court ruling jailed 10 percent of the country’s generals and admirals on charges of plotting to overthrow the government. An Istanbul court jailed at least 155 ofﬁcers, including former air force and navy chiefs, so far this week in a long-standing conﬂict between Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s popular government and Turkey’s

secular establishment, which has long been led by the military. Among the jailed were 30 active generals and admirals who lost their chances for promotion once put behind bars, the Cumhuriyet newspaper reported Tuesday. Erdogan insisted the courts are independent of the executive branch in Turkey. “This trial process will answer all questions in the minds of people and strengthen the Turkish Armed Forces further,” Erdogan told lawmakers in Parliament. “All should respect the judicial process.” Erdogan was respond-

ing to criticism by Devlet Bahceli, leader of the Nationalist Action Party, who accused the government of “portraying itself as the victim of a coup plot ahead of elections.” The ruling Justice and Development Party, which won 46.6 percent of the vote in 2007, is widely expected to win its third consecutive election victory in June. Since taking power in 2002, Erdogan’s party has repeatedly denied that it is trying to impose religion on politics and society. However, secularists view as alarming its attempts to permit Islamic style head scarves at universi-

ties, criminalize adultery and restrict alcohol sales. The main opposition prosecular Republican People’s Party has long accused the government of silencing its critics based on flimsy charges. The Star newspaper on Tuesday said prosecutors believe documents seized during a recent raid at a naval base confirms the officers were planning to create chaos to trigger a coup in a plot dubbed the “Sledgehammer.” Prosecutors have separately charged about 400 soldiers, academics, journalists and politicians of forming an alleged network,

called Ergenekon, and conspire to overthrow Erdogan’s government in a previous case. No one has yet been convicted. On Monday, the police raided a dissident news website, the Oda TV, and detained its owner, journalist Soner Yalcin, and three colleagues for questioning for alleged links to the Ergenekon network. Turkish news reports said Oda TV was targeted hours after posting a video that allegedly discredits police investigating the network. Journalists’ groups denounced the raid as an attack on press freedom.

specifically what Davis’ job is, other than saying he’s a part of the embassy’s “administrative and technical staff,” which leaves room for the possibility he works in the security field. The U.S. Embassy says Davis has a diplomatic passport and a visa valid through June 2012. It also says that the U.S. had notified the Pakistani government of Davis’ assignment more than a year ago. After the shootings in Lahore, Davis called for backup. The U.S. car rushing to the scene hit a third Pakistani, a bystander, who later died. Crowley, the State Department spokesman, said Monday that U.S. Embassy staff were in the vehicle. Pakistani police have said they want to question the car’s driver and passengers as well, though it is highly unlikely those staffers — especially if U.S. citizens — are still in Pakistan.

S. Sudan blames North for killings BY MAGGIE FICK

Associated Press

JUBA, Sudan — Political leaders in Southern Sudan on Tuesday angrily accused Sudan’s Khartoum-based government of arming a rebel leader they say killed more than 200 southerners last week, a charge that could increase north-south tensions as the south prepares for independence. Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management James Kok Ruea labeled last week’s attack by rebel leader George Athor a “massacre.” Ruea said 201 southern civilians and security forces died during the attack in Jonglei state and that 10 died later in the hospital. He said nearly 160 of the dead were civilians, including children, the elderly and the internally displaced. Pagan Amum, the secretary general of the Southern Peoples’ Liberation Movement, the political arm of Southern Sudan’s ruling party, blamed the Khartoum government for arming and ﬁnancing rebel leaders in the south. He said helicopters were used to transport weapons to Athor. “As we emerge out of instability and war there are forces that have been subjugating Southern Sudan,” Amum told a news conference. The accusations come one month after Southern Sudan voted to secede from northern Sudan, a split that is scheduled to occur in July. Southern Sudan and the Khartoum-based north ended a more than two-decade civil war in 2005 in which more than 2 million people died. Tuesday’s accusations from Amum have the potential to shatter that period of apparent goodwill. The accused rebel leader, Athor, defected from his position in the southern army earlier this year to run for governor in Jonglei, the largest and most volatile of the south’s 10 states. After losing the April vote, Athor launched a revolt against the southern government along with an unknown number of his troops.

Army gives committee 10 days to rewrite Egypt’s Constitution • EGYPT, FROM 1A

The meeting appeared to be the military’s first significant effort to reach out to the civilian opponents of Mubarak, and two of the young protest organizers, true to their movement’s Internet roots, promptly summarized the meeting on Facebook. “The first time an Egyptian official sat down to listen more than speak,” they wrote of their meeting with the generals, Mahmoud Hijazi and Abdel Fattah. The two young leaders, Wael

Ghonim and Amr Salama, also praised the generals’ attentive demeanor and the absence of the usual “parental tone [you do not know what is good for you, son].” Still, the two reserved judgment about the military’s plan, and others in the group said their coalition had yet to make a ﬁnal assessment of it. “This meeting was just for the military to tell us about their plans,” said Shady el Ghazaly Harb, another of the revolution’s young leaders. “We have asked for another meeting this week to tell

them about our plans. Then we will see.” Egypt has effectively been under direct military control since Sunday, when the council suspended the Constitution and dissolved Parliament. And some in the opposition, including the Nobel Prize winner Mohamed ElBaradei, have repeatedly warned that hasty elections could so weaken the ﬂedgling democracy that another military strongman could seize power. A communique issued on Monday by the Supreme

Military Council appeared to walk a fine line in grappling with a variety of problems in governing a restive Egypt. In responding to a series of strikes by state workers, journalists and the police on Monday, the council issued a forceful exhortation that some read as a veiled threat, although it did not threaten specific penalties. A Western diplomat who knows Field Marshal Tantawi said it was clear that he did not relish his high-profile role and did not want to keep it. “My strong sense is there

is no real desire to prolong this period,” the diplomat said. “The ﬁeld marshal does not seem really interested in being the government of Egypt. He would prefer to take the armed forces back, to have their very large and very comfortable arrangement in Egyptian society and let the civilians take charge of government.” But the diplomat said it remained to be seen whether a swift transition to democracy was possible. “The issue is whether this is the best thing or not the best thing,” he said.

Rumors swirled about the whereabouts of the former president, who has not been seen in public since he ﬂouted plans for a graceful exit and delivered a deﬁant reassertion of his power in a speech on Thursday night. Mubarak had reportedly left Cairo for his vacation home in the Red Sea resort of Sharm el Sheik. On Monday, Egypt’s ambassador to the United States, Sameh Shoukry, said on NBC’s Today show that Mubarak, 82, was “possibly in somewhat of bad health.”

THE MIAMI HERALD

MiamiHerald.com

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

OPINION CHARLES D. SHERMAN, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

Lessons from Egypt BY NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF

New York Times Service

t’s a new day in the Arab world — and, let’s hope, in U.S. relations to the Arab world. The truth is that the United States has been behind the curve not only in Tunisia and Egypt for the last few weeks, but in the entire Middle East for decades. We supported corrupt autocrats as long as they kept oil flowKRISTOF ing and weren’t too aggressive toward Israel. Even in the past month, we sometimes seemed as out of touch with the region’s youth as a Ben Ali or a Mubarak. Recognizing that crafting foreign policy is 1,000 times harder than it looks, let me suggest four lessons to draw from our mistakes: l Stop treating Islamic fundamentalism as a bogyman and allowing it to drive U.S. foreign policy. Our paranoia about Islamism has done as much damage as Muslim fundamentalism itself. In Somalia, it led the U.S. to wink at a 2006 Ethiopian invasion that was catastrophic for Somalis and resulted in more Islamic extremism there. And in Egypt, our foreboding about Islamism paralyzed us and put us on the wrong side of history. We tie ourselves in knots when we act as if democracy is good for the United States and Israel but not for the Arab world. For far too long, we’ve treated the Arab world as just an oil field. Too many of us bought into a lazy stereotype that Arab countries were inhospitable for democracy, or that the beneficiaries of popular rule would be extremists like Osama bin Laden. Tunisians and Egyptians have shattered that stereotype, and the biggest loser will be al Qaeda. We don’t know what lies ahead for Egypt — and there is a considerable risk that those in power will attempt to preserve Mubarakism without Mubarak — but already Egyptians have demonstrated the power of nonviolence in a way that undermines the entire extremist narrative. It will be fascinating to see whether more Palestinians embrace mass nonviolent protests in the West Bank as a strategy to confront illegal Israeli settlements and land grabs. l We need better intelligence, the kind that is derived not from intercepting a president’s phone calls to his mistress but from hanging out with the powerless. After the 1979 Iranian revolution, there was a painful post-mortem about why the intelligence community missed so many signals, and I think we need the same today. In fairness, we in the journalis-

tic community suffered the same shortcoming: we didn’t adequately convey the anger toward Hosni Mubarak. Egypt is a reminder not to be suckered into the narrative that a place is stable because it is static. l New technologies have lubricated the mechanisms of revolt. Facebook and Twitter make it easier for dissidents to network. Cellphones mean that government brutality is more likely to end up on YouTube, raising the costs of repression. The International Criminal Court encourages dictators to think twice before ordering troops to open ﬁre. Maybe the most critical technology — and this is tough for a scribbler like myself to admit — is television. It was Arab satellite television broadcasts like those of Al Jazeera that broke the government monopoly on information in Egypt. Too often, the United States scorns Al Jazeera (and its English service is on few cable systems), but it played a greater role in promoting democracy in the Arab world than anything the United States did. We should invest more in these information technologies. The best way to nurture changes in Iran, North Korea and Cuba will involve broadcasts, cellphones and proxy servers to leap over Internet barriers. Congress has allocated small sums to promote global Internet freedom, and this initiative could be a much more powerful tool in our foreign policy arsenal. l Let’s live our values. We pursued a Middle East realpolitik that failed us. Condi Rice had it right when she said in Egypt in 2005: “For 60 years, my country, the United States, pursued stability at the expense of democracy in this region, here in the Middle East, and we achieved neither.” I don’t know which country is the next Egypt. Some say it’s Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Syria or Saudi Arabia. Others suggest Cuba or China are vulnerable. But we know that in many places there is deep-seated discontent and a profound yearning for greater political participation. And the lesson of history from 1848 to 1989 is that uprisings go viral and ricochet from nation to nation. Next time, let’s not sit on the fence. After a long wishy-washy stage, U.S. President Barack Obama got it pitch-perfect on Friday when he spoke after the fall of Mubarak. He forthrightly backed people power, while making clear that the future is for Egyptians to decide. Let’s hope that reﬂects a new start not only for Egypt but also for U.S. policy toward the Arab world. Inshallah.

GOP plans to eat the future BY PAUL KRUGMAN

New York Times Service

n Friday, House Republicans unveiled their proposal for immediate cuts in federal spending. Uncharacteristically, they failed to accompany the release with a catchy slogan. So I’d like to propose one: Eat the Future. I’ll explain in a minute. First, let’s talk about the dilemma the GOP faces. Republican leaders like to claim that the KRUGMAN midterms gave them a mandate for sharp cuts in government spending. Some of us believe that the elections were less about spending than they were about persistent high unemployment, but whatever. The key point to understand is that while many voters say that they want lower spending, press the issue a bit further and it turns out that they only want to cut spending on other people. That’s the lesson from a new survey by the Pew Research Center, in which U.S. citizens were asked whether they favored higher or lower spending in a variety of areas. It turns out that they want more, not less, spending on most things, including education and Medicare. They’re evenly divided about spending on aid to the unemployed and — surprise — defense. The only thing they clearly want to cut is foreign aid, which most U.S. citizens believe, wrongly, accounts for a large share of the federal budget. Pew also asked people how they would like to see states close their budget deﬁcits. Do they favor cuts in either education or healthcare, the main expenses states face? No. Do they favor tax increases? No. The only deﬁcit-reduction measure with

significant support was cuts in public-employee pensions — and even there the public was evenly divided. The moral is clear. Republicans don’t have a mandate to cut spending; they have a mandate to repeal the laws of arithmetic. How can voters be so ill informed? In their defense, bear in mind that they have jobs, children to raise, parents to take care of. They don’t have the time or the incentive to study the federal budget, let alone state budgets (which are by and large incomprehensible). So they rely on what they hear from seemingly authoritative figures. And what they’ve been hearing ever since Ronald Reagan is that their hard-earned dollars are going to waste, paying for vast armies of useless bureaucrats (payroll is only 5 percent of federal spending) and welfare queens driving Cadillacs. How can we expect voters to appreciate fiscal reality when politicians consistently misrepresent that reality? Which brings me back to the Republican dilemma. The new House majority promised to deliver $100 billion in spending cuts — and its members face the prospect of Tea Party primary challenges if they fail to deliver big cuts. Yet the public opposes cuts in programs it likes — and it likes almost everything. What’s a politician to do? The answer, once you think about it, is obvious: sacrifice the future. Focus the cuts on programs whose benefits aren’t immediate; basically, eat the United States’ seed corn. There will be a huge price to pay, eventually — but for now, you can keep the base happy. If you didn’t understand that logic, you might be puzzled by many items in the House GOP proposal. Why cut a billion dollars from

a highly successful program that provides supplemental nutrition to pregnant mothers, infants, and young children? Why cut $648 million from nuclear nonproliferation activities? (One terrorist nuke, assembled from stray ex-Soviet ﬁssile material, can ruin your whole day.) Why cut $578 million from the IRS enforcement budget? (Letting tax cheats run wild doesn’t exactly serve the cause of deﬁcit reduction.) Once you understand the imperatives Republicans face, however, it all makes sense. By slashing future-oriented programs, they can deliver the instant spending cuts Tea Partiers demand, without imposing too much immediate pain on voters. And as for the future costs — a population damaged by childhood malnutrition, an increased chance of terrorist attacks, a revenue system undermined by widespread tax evasion — well, tomorrow is another day. In a better world, politicians would talk to voters as if they were adults. They would explain that discretionary spending has little to do with the long-run imbalance between spending and revenues. They would then explain that solving that long-run problem requires two main things: reining in healthcare costs and, realistically, increasing taxes to pay for the programs U.S. citizens really want. But Republican leaders can’t do that, of course: they refuse to admit that taxes ever need to rise, and they spent much of the last two years screaming “death panels!” in response to even the most modest, sensible efforts to ensure that Medicare dollars are well spent. And so they had to produce something like Friday’s proposal, a plan that would save remarkably little money but would do a remarkably large amount of harm.

U.S. must not free Navy analyst who spied for Israel BY FRANK ANDERSON

Los Angeles Times Service

n January, Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu sent a letter to U.S. President Barack Obama asking for the early release of Jonathan Jay Pollard, who was convicted of spying for Israel and sentenced to life in prison in 1987. The United States has steadfastly refused requests for Pollard’s release; it has every reason to continue that policy. The Pollard clemency pleas are partly based on the close relationship between Israel and the United States. Under this theory, spying for Israel was not serious because it was on behalf of an ally and a friendly government, rather than an enemy of the United States. But espionage on behalf of any foreign power is a serious crime for which there are severe punishments. It is a deed that should

“shock the conscience” and evoke strong condemnation. Although spying for another country might sometimes fall short of the legal definition of treason, it is always a betrayal of the spy’s duty to his country and countrymen. The conscience barrier The “tradecraft” of the intelligence business takes this into consideration. Because persuading someone entrusted with his or her nation’s secrets to betray that trust is extremely difficult, intelligence operatives are trained to use “false flag” recruitments to lower the barrier of conscience to such betrayal. The Soviets successfully penetrated the British defense establishment during the Cold War by having a Soviet military intelligence officer pass himself off as a Canadian who was seeking secrets as part of a NATO “quality assurance” program.

If we were to accept that providing secrets to, say, the friendly South Korean government is somehow a lesser betrayal, we’d provide a ﬁeld day to our North Korean enemies who would need only a phony ID to pass as our friends. Chinese Communists would have no trouble passing themselves off as Nationalist Chinese. Cubans could easily disguise themselves as Argentines, Mexicans or Puerto Ricans. The essential point is that any nation that steals U.S. defense or intelligence secrets does serious damage to our nation. It might be our friend in many other important ways. In this, it is the enemy. Pollard’s crime would not be less heinous had he committed it on behalf of Canada or Ireland. His betrayal would not be more serious had he acted for Russia or North Korea. The judge who sentenced Pollard did not choose the punishment because of the country

Pollard spied for but because disclosure of the secrets Pollard peddled did such damage to our country. In addition, Pollard violated a plea agreement that might otherwise have led to a lesser sentence. He launched a media campaign to portray himself as a valiant defender of Israel rather than a venal traitor of the United States. It was Pollard who broke the deal and brought maximum punishment upon himself. Failed argument A legal argument has been advanced that, once that plea agreement was broken, a new trial or new sentencing procedure should have followed, rather than the judge’s immediate imposition of a life sentence. Pollard and his attorneys have, so far, failed to succeed in pressing that case. Pollard also has chosen not to apply for parole, expecting (probably correctly)

that his application would not succeed. The judicial system, however, is in fact the arena in which Pollard should seek to reduce his time in prison. Despite his violation of the oath he swore, as a U.S. Navy intelligence analyst, to “support and defend the Constitution of the United States from all enemies, foreign and domestic,” it’s that Constitution, not diplomatic efforts by another nation, that provides Pollard a means to get his sentenced vacated or reduced. The bottom line for Jonathan Pollard and those who bought his secrets is one I learned early in my youth: “If you can’t do the time, don’t do the crime.” Frank Anderson served for 27 years as a CIA operations ofﬁcer. He retired in 1995 as chief of the CIA’s Near East and South Asia division. He wrote this for The Los Angeles Times.

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

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BUSINESS&SPORTS B WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

THE MARKETS DOW 30

12,226.64

-41.55

S&P 500

1,328.01

-4.31

NASDAQ

2,804.35

-12.83

3.62

0.00

$84.37

-0.44

10-YR NOTE CRUDE OIL

Retail sales dip pushes stocks lower

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Germany rejects targeting of trade surpluses BY GABRIELE STEINHAUSER AND GREG KELLER Associated Press

BRUSSELS — Export champion Germany said Tuesday that trade surpluses should not be targeted in the same way as deficits, a sign that the Group of 20 rich and developing countries are likely to clash over how to smooth out global imbalances when they meet this week. Like the G-20, the European Union is trying to even out trade flows, claiming large surpluses by some eurozone nations helped fuel bubbles in deficit countries and

contributed to the debt crisis that has crippled the region over the past year. The EU says surplus countries like Germany should boost internal demand — that is, spending by companies and households — which would raise exports from other countries. At the same time, many economists argue that German banks invested the huge capital surpluses amassed by savers and export companies in overheating economies such as Ireland or Spain, leaving the lenders with dangerous exposures to nowstruggling countries.

But Germany, which like China has been exporting much more than it has been importing in recent years, rejects any claims that its strong export policies are fueling dangerous imbalances. “One has to clearly distinguish deﬁcits from surpluses,” Germany’s Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble said at the sidelines of a meeting of European ﬁnance ministers in Brussels. He said Germany’s surplus was “not an obstacle to growth in other countries. Instead we are to some degree assuming the function of a locomotive for the euro area.”

The debate over global imbalances lost some of its momentum after a meeting of G20 leaders in Soul last year failed to come up with clear commitments. However, France’s Finance Minister Christine Lagarde said this week that when G20 ﬁnance ministers meet in Paris, Friday and Saturday, her country will aim to reach an agreement on a list of indicators that can be used to measure imbalances. That was one of the key takeaways from the last G-20 meeting • TURN TO GERMANY, 2B

BY CHIP CUTTER AND MATTHEW CRAFT Associated Press

NEW YORK — A surprisingly weak retail sales report drove stocks lower on Tuesday, giving the Dow Jones industrial average its second straight day of losses. The Dow fell 41.55, or 0.3 percent, to close at 12,226.64. That’s only the third day this month the Dow has closed lower. The Standard & Poor’s 500 index fell 4.31, or 0.3 percent, to 1,328.01. The Nasdaq composite index fell 12.83, or 0.5 percent, to 2,804.35. The Commerce Department said Tuesday that retail sales rose just 0.3 percent in January, the smallest increase since June and half of what economists had predicted. Energy companies led the way down. Exxon Mobil lost 2.3 percent, the largest drop among the 30 large companies that make up the Dow. Exxon Mobil said it added 3.5 billion barrels of oil and gas last year to the company’s massive reserves, more than twice what Exxon produced in 2010. The parent company of the New York Stock Exchange agreed to combine with the operator of the Frankfurt stock exchange, Deutsche Boerse AG, creating the world’s largest financial markets company. Shares of both companies fell after the deal was announced. NYSE Euronext’s shares lost 3.4 percent in New York, while Deutsche Boerse’s lost 2.4 percent in Frankfurt. One of NYSE’s biggest competitors, Nasdaq OMX Group, fell 4.6 percent. Limelight Networks jumped 27 percent after the provider of streaming video services narrowed its fourth-quarter loss and issued a better-than-expected forecast for the current quarter. The company is benefiting from consumers turning to the Internet to watch TV and movies; one of its customers is online video company Netflix. Roughly three stocks fell for every one that rose on the New York Stock Exchange. Consolidated trading volume was 4 billion shares. Stocks that moved substantially on the New York Stock Exchange were Marsh & McLennan, up by $1.36 at $30.23 The global insurance broker’s fourth-quarter net income soared on widespread revenue growth as companies felt more confident spending money. United States Steel was up by $1.96 at $62.31, as was Gap which rose by $1.31 at $22.78 Stocks that faced losses on Nasdaq Stock Market were Green Mountain Coffee Roasters which fell down by $2.82 at $43.53. Starbucks announced a single-cup coffee deal with another company despite speculation of a Starbucks-Green Mountain partnership. Capella Education was down by $11.11 at $52.23 Sirius XM Radio also fell down by 15 cents at $1.69. Higher operating costs drove the satellite radio provider to a quarterly loss, and its 2011 revenue outlook disappointed.

MUSADEQ SADEQ/AP

TREASURE TROVE: Last month, Afghan officials proudly presented what they say is $3 trillion worth of rare-earth deposits scattered throughout the country.

MINERAL DREAMS Rare-earth shortage? Afghans think they can help BY ELENA BECATOROS Associated Press

KABUL — As the world faces a shortage of the rare-earth minerals essential to everything from cellphones to hybrid cars, Afghans are dreaming of coming to the rescue with the vast deposits thought to lie beneath their feet. The problem is that they are in one of the country’s most dangerous spots, on the south bank of the Helmand River in southern Afghanistan, where ﬁghting rages in a traditional Taliban stronghold. That Afghanistan sits on vast mineral wealth has been detailed

in several surveys, the most extensive of which were conducted by the Soviets in the 1970s. Mining companies, both Afghan and foreign, already have shown interest, notably in its copper, iron and oil. Last month, Afghan ofﬁcials proudly presented what they say is $3 trillion worth of deposits scattered throughout the country, more than triple the initial dollar amount estimated by the U.S. Defense Department last June. But with poor infrastructure and security that ranges from precarious to downright prohibitive, there is a limit to how much the

country can hope for, at least in the medium term. Among the most exciting right now are the rare earths, with a spat between China and Japan last fall highlighting China’s nearmonopoly on the minerals. In 2007 the U.S. Geological Survey estimated 1.4 million metric tons of rare-earth elements lie in southwest Helmand. The Afghan Ministry of Mines says there is more elsewhere in the country, “huge deposits” overall, according to Jalil Jumriani, who deals with policy and promotion at the ministry in Kabul. The U.S. Defense Department’s

Task Force for Business and Stability Operations estimates the Khanneshin area in Helmand holds some $90 billion in rare earths and niobium, minerals strategic for high tech and industrial industries. “This deposit could represent a long-term development opportunity for Helmand province that would create jobs across the spectrum from low-skilled laborers to chemists, physicists and engineers,” the task force said in a statement last month. USGS scientists are analyzing samples taken over the past • TURN TO MINERALS, 2B

Price rise on goods to hit shoppers Russia readies BY STEPHANIE CLIFFORD, MOTOKO RICH AND WILLIAM NEUMAN New York Times Service

A package of Oscar Mayer cold cuts. A pair of Nine West boots. A Whirlpool washing machine. By the fall, people will most likely be paying more for each of them, as rising prices hit most consumer goods, say retailers, food companies and manufacturers of consumer products. Cotton prices are near their highest level in

more than a decade, after adjusting for inﬂation, and leather and polyester costs are jumping as well. Copper recently hit its highest level in about 40 years, and iron ore, used for steel, is fetching extremely high prices. Prices for corn, sugar, wheat, beef, pork and coffee are soaring. Labor overseas is becoming more expensive, meanwhile, and so are the utility bills to keep a factory running.

“There are cost pressures from virtually everywhere,” said Wesley R. Card, the chief executive of the Jones Group, whose brands include Nine West and Anne Klein. After trying to keep retail prices ﬂat or even lower during the recession, Jones says prices for its brands will climb 15 percent to 20 percent by autumn. When commodity prices started to rise last summer, many manufacturers and retailers absorbed the costs, worried that shoppers would not pay • TURN TO PRICE, 2B

ALEXANDRE MENEGHINI/AP

SKY HIGH: Cotton prices are near their highest level in more than a decade.

for offshore Arctic drilling BY ANDREW E. KRAMER AND CLIFFORD KRAUSS

New York Times Service

MOSCOW — The Arctic Ocean is a forbidding place for oil drillers. But that is not stopping Russia from jumping in — or Western oil companies from eagerly following. Russia, where onshore oil reserves are slowly dwindling, last month signed an Arctic exploration deal with the British petroleum giant BP, whose offshore drilling prospects in the United States were dimmed by the Gulf of Mexico disaster last year. Other Western oil companies, recognizing Moscow’s openness to new ocean drilling, are now having similar discussions with Russia. New oil from Russia could prove vital to world supplies in coming decades, now that it has surpassed Saudi Arabia as the world’s biggest oil producer, and as long as global demand for oil continues to rise. But as the offshore Russian efforts proceed, the oil companies will be venturing where other big countries ringing the Arctic Ocean — most notably the United States and Canada — have been wary of • TURN TO RUSSIA, 2B

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

MiamiHerald.com

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

THE MIAMI HERALD

Drumming up more addresses on the Internet BY LAURIE J. FLYNN

New York Times Service

Who could have guessed that 4.3 billion Internet connections wouldn’t be enough? Certainly not Vint Cerf. In 1976, Cerf and his colleagues in the R&D ofﬁce of the Defense Department had to make a judgment call: how much network address space should they allocate to an experiment connecting computers in an advanced data network? They debated the question for more than a year. Finally, with a deadline looming, Cerf decided on a number — 4.3 billion separate network addresses, each one representing a connected device — that seemed to provide more room to grow than his experiment would ever require; far more, in fact, than he could ever imagine needing. “It was 1977,” Cerf said, in an interview last week. “We thought we were doing an experiment. “The problem was, the experiment never ended,” added Cerf, who is a former chairman of the Internet Corpora-

tion for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN, a nonproﬁt corporation that coordinates the Internet naming system. “We had no idea it would turn into the world’s global communications network.” Today, the Internet that Cerf helped create more than 30 years ago is about to max out. Within the next 12 to 18 months, or perhaps sooner, every one of the 4.3 billion Internet Protocol addresses will have been allocated, and the Internet, at least as it exists today, will have reached full capacity. IP addresses are the unique sequence of numbers assigned to each website, computer, game console or smartphone connected to the Internet. They are distinct from domain names, which identify websites. “There are 4.3 billion addresses, and a lot of people have more than one,” said Leo Vegoda, manager of number resources at ICANN. “And there are 7 billion people on the planet. That’s a big mismatch.” The rapid expansion of Internet adoption in

MCT

UNDERESTIMATED: Today, the Internet that Vint Cerf helped create more than 30 years ago is about to max out. Asia has sped things up even more. Experts saw this problem coming years ago, and the transition to a new system, referred to as Internet Protocol

version 6, is well under way. This new standard will support a virtually inexhaustible number of devices, experts say. But there is some cause for concern because the two

systems are largely incompatible, and as the transition takes place, the potential for breakdowns is enormous. Still, the question looms: is the Internet industry

prepared? The answer depends on whom you ask. While it is true that no one has been caught off guard, some parts of the industry responded faster than others, leaving some technology companies scrambling to catch up. Software companies like Google, Microsoft and Facebook, along with PC makers, say they have been taking the problem seriously for years in hopes of thwarting any major calamities. The major operating systems — like Microsoft’s Windows 7 and Apple’s Mac OS X — have already incorporated the new system. And providers, including Comcast, say they are ready to make the switch. To help make the transition to IPv6 easier, Yahoo, Google and Facebook, whose websites generate a combined trafﬁc of more than a billion visits a day, have agreed to participate in a sort of trial run on June 8, named World IPv6 Day, to make sure their systems are ready. Participants are hoping that such an experiment will shed light on potential glitches.

Germany Russia embraces risky offshore Arctic drilling defends its trade surplus • RUSSIA, FROM 1B

• GERMANY, FROM 1B

in Seoul in November. The next step will be to agree on numerical thresholds for the indicators that will serve as alarm bells when imbalances get too large. The European Commission, the EU’s executive, meanwhile, is struggling to come up with its own scoreboard for macroeconomic imbalances in the eurozone, which it says will help prevent another debt crisis in the future. In contrast to Greece, which for years surpassed the European Union’s limits on budget deﬁcits, Ireland and Spain kept their public spending in check, but private households and companies piled on huge debts. Germany argues that rather than punishing countries with strong economies by trying to reduce surpluses, weaker states should make their economies more competitive — something it is currently trying to achieve in the 17-country eurozone with a so-called “pact for competitiveness.” However, the pact, backed by Paris, has run into opposition from other eurozone governments, who fear that it will interfere in their sovereignty and distract from other efforts to keep spending and imbalances in check. Schaeuble said Tuesday that discussions over the demands that will be included in the pact are neither “exclusive nor concluded” but, according to documents circulated a few weeks ago, the pact could require introducing automatic limits to public debt into national constitutions, raising retirement ages and coming up with a common base for corporate taxation.

letting oil ﬁeld development proceed, for both safety and environmental reasons. After the BP accident in the gulf last year highlighted the consequences of a catastrophic ocean spill, U.S. and Canadian regulators focused on the special challenges in the Arctic. The ice pack and icebergs pose various threats to drilling rigs and crews. And if oil were spilled in the winter, cleanup would take place in the total darkness that engulfs the region during those months. Last week, Royal Dutch Shell postponed plans for drilling off Alaska’s Arctic coast, as the company continued to face hurdles from wary Washington regulators. The Russians, who control far more prospective drilling area in the Arctic Ocean than the United States and Canada combined, take a far different view. As its Siberian oil ﬁelds mature, daily output in Russia, without new development, could be reduced by nearly a million barrels by the year 2035, according to the International Energy Agency. With its economy dependent on oil and

gas, which make up about 60 percent of all exports, Russia sees little choice but to go offshore — using foreign partners to provide expertise and share the billions of dollars in development costs. And if anything, the gulf disaster encouraged Russia to push ahead with BP as its ﬁrst partner. In the view of Russia’s Prime Minister Vladimir V. Putin, BP is the safest company to hire for offshore work today, having learned its lesson in the gulf. “One beaten man is worth two unbeaten men,” Putin said, citing a Russian proverb, after BP signed its Arctic deal with Rosneft, the Russian state-owned oil company. The joint venture calls for the companies to explore three sections in the Kara Sea, an icebound coastal backwater north of central Russia. The BP agreement touched off little public reaction in Russia, in part because the environmental movement is weak but also because opposition politicians have no way to block or hinder the process. The Arctic holds one-ﬁfth of the world’s undiscovered, recoverable oil and natural gas, the United States Geological Survey estimates.

According to a 2009 report by the Energy Department, 43 of the 61 significant Arctic oil and gas fields are in Russia. The Russian side of the Arctic is particularly rich in natural gas, while the North American side is richer in oil. While the United States and Canada balk, other countries are clearing Arctic space for the industry. Norway, which last year settled a territorial dispute with Russia, is preparing to open new Arctic areas for drilling. Last year, Greenland, which became semiautonomous from Denmark in 2009, allowed Cairn Energy to do some preliminary drilling. Cairn, a Scottish company, is planning four more wells this year, while Exxon Mobil, Chevron and Shell are also expected to drill in the area over the next few years. But of the five countries with Arctic Ocean coastline, Russia has the most at stake in exploring and developing the region. “Russia is one of the fundamental building blocks in world oil supply,” said Daniel Yergin, the oil historian and chairman of IHS Cambridge Energy Research Associates. Following the template of the BP deal, Rosneft is nego-

tiating joint venture agreements with other major oil companies shut out of North America and intent on exploring the Arctic continental shelf off Russia’s northern coast. That includes Shell, its chief executive said last month. Rosneft’s chief executive, Eduard Y. Khudainatov, said other foreign oil company representatives were lining up outside his office these days. Artur N. Chilingarov, a polar explorer, has embodied Moscow’s sweeping Arctic ambitions ever since he rode in a minisubmarine and placed a Russian flag on the bottom of the ocean under the North Pole, claiming it for Russia, in a 2007 expedition. “The future is on the shelf, ” Chilingarov, a member of Russia’s Parliament, the Duma, said in an interview. “We already pumped the land dry.” Russia has been a dominant Arctic oil power since the Soviet Union began making important discoveries in the land-based Tazovskoye field on the shore of the Ob Bay in Siberia in 1962. The United States was not far behind with the discovery of the shallow-water Prudhoe Bay field in Alaska five years later.

What is new is the move offshore. The waters of the Arctic are particularly perilous for drilling because of the extreme cold, long periods of darkness, dense fogs and hurricane-strength winds. Pervasive ice cover for eight to nine months out of the year can block relief ships in case of a blowout. And, as environmentalists note, whales, polar bears and other species depend on the region’s fragile habitats. Such concerns have blocked new drilling in Alaska’s Arctic waters since 2003, despite a steep decline in oil production in the state and intensive lobbying by oil companies. In Canada, Arctic offshore drilling is delayed as the National Energy Board is reviewing its regulations after the gulf spill. But Russia is pressing ahead. The central decision opening the Russian Arctic easily passed Parliament in 2008, as an amendment to a law on subsoil resources. It allowed the ministry of natural resources to transfer offshore blocks to state-controlled oil companies in a no-bid process that does not involve detailed environmental reviews.

Afghans might help overcome mineral shortage • MINERALS, FROM 1B

18 months from Helmand to determine what exactly is there in the way of the 17 rare-earth minerals. Jack Medlin, a USGS specialist, said it was too soon to call it “a world-class rareearths deposit. We’re not there yet. We will be there probably by midsummer.” Jumriani said ofﬁcials were treading cautiously. Once the picture clears and the mining law is overhauled to deﬁne investors’ rights, Afghanistan will hold a road show to present its rare-earth deposits, possibly this summer in Hong Kong or Singapore. “We want to take these steps slowly, and we want to make sure that the people in

Afghanistan can get the real beneﬁts of this,” Jumriani said. Rare-earth minerals are used in areas as diverse as cellphones, hybrid car batteries, defense industries and wind turbines, and China accounts for 97 percent of production. China has only 30 percent of the world’s rare-earth deposits, but the United States, Australia and others stopped mining their own a decade ago because it was cheaper to buy Chinese ores. Several companies now plan to resume production in North America and Australia. Beijing announced in 2009 that it would reduce rareearth exports to curb environmental damage and conserve

supplies. Manufacturers were alarmed when China temporarily blocked shipments to Japan last year during a dispute over islands claimed by both governments. The Japanese government is discussing creating a rare-earths recycling industry to reduce reliance on imports. China already has made a hefty investment in Afghan minerals, signing a $3 billion contract to mine copper. But it is not known whether it will seek a stake in Afghanistan’s rare earths. Also, experts caution that it is still unclear whether the Helmand deposits are mineable and can yield a proﬁt. One question needing study is which of the rare-earth minerals are more abundant,

the more abundant ones called light rare earths, or the heavy rare earths critical to speciﬁc industries. Medlin said old data lean toward the lights, but there are indications heavy rare earths are present too. A Ministry of Mines report last month indicated the deposit included the rarer type. “The heavy rare earths in Khanneshin are found only in few locations around the world. This deposit could represent a long-term opportunity for Helmand province, creating jobs and stabilizing the area,” a statement said. “There’s been quite a lot of hype about mineral resources in Afghanistan,” said Andrew Bloodworth, a min-

ing expert at the British Geological Survey. Afghanistan is unquestionably rich in minerals, he said. “It’s a big country with complicated geology, and — the chances are they’re going to have mineral resources which are going to be of interest.” But just having the minerals is not enough. Mines need roads and railroads, no easy proposition in a warwracked country. “The question is — if this is an economic deposit, can you produce rare-earths out of it in two years or ﬁve years? And the answer to that is, maybe,” Medlin said. He does not expect it to have an impact within ﬁve years, but in the longer term it “could have a big impact.”

Shoppers likely to pay more as prices of raw materials soar • PRICE, FROM 1B

higher prices during the competitive holiday season or while the economy was still fragile. Many big companies, including Kraft, Polo Ralph Lauren and Hanes, say they cannot hold off any longer and must raise prices to protect some proﬁts. Whether shoppers will pay is unclear. “Consumers are not exactly in the frame of mind or economic circumstances to say ‘Oh, pay whatever they ask,’ ” said Joshua Shapiro,

chief U.S. economist at MFR. Economists say the increases may eventually show up as inflation, though they are not yet projecting rates that would set off alarms. Despite some fears, inflation has been extremely low, at a rate of just 1.4 percent annually in December. Data for January will be released Thursday, but economists expect inflation will run to about 2.5 percent this year. Some do see the creeping signs of higher inflation, and warn that the Federal Reserve will need to raise interest rates or at least stop pumping mon-

ey into the economy. Others argue that such moves would choke off economic growth sorely needed to get companies hiring again. For consumers, higher prices in stores means there will be a little less extra cash to spend. For companies, proﬁts may be squeezed, making them a little less likely to invest in equipment or to hire aggressively. “One has to think about these higher prices not as a reason for economic activity to get derailed,” said John Ryding, chief economist at RDQ Economics, “but as a

reason why the recovery is slower than might otherwise be the case.” In the United States, the willingness of companies to raise prices shows they are feeling better about the domestic recovery. The sharp rise in commodity prices since last year has not translated into all new records. Food commodity prices are about 8 percent below the high in the summer of 2008, while energy prices are less than half their zenith. Prices of a basket of other commodities are about 4 percent below the heights of mid-2008.

The cost of raw materials accounts for a small portion of the cost of most consumer goods, as labor, processing and packaging tend to make up a larger share of the price at the cash register. Foods like coffee, meat and milk, which are closer to raw materials, will probably show some of the biggest price jumps. Companies that try to pass on all their costs could meet resistance. Although consumer spending has risen, unemployment remains at 9 percent, and average hourly earnings are up less than 2 percent over the last year.

Whirlpool says consumers can expect to pay 8 percent to 10 percent more for its products starting April 1. Apparel companies like Polo Ralph Lauren and Brooks Brothers said they would raise prices this year. Hanes Brands, which has already done so, said prices on cotton-heavy products would rise again at the end of summer. If cotton costs stay high, Hanes products could have a cumulative 30 percent increase. Victoria’s Secret is nudging prices ever so slightly, with panties rising from ﬁve for $25 to ﬁve for $25.50.

THE MIAMI HERALD

MiamiHerald.com

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

Greece slips deeper into recession

BUSINESS BRIEFS • UNITED STATES

BY ELENA BECATOROS Associated Press

SUSAN WALSH/AP

AGGRESSIVE OVERSEER: Neil Barofsky, center, plans to resign for personal reasons.

Bailout plan watchdog to resign on March 30 From Miami Herald Wire Services

Neil Barofsky, whose aggressive oversight of the U.S. government’s $700 billion bank bailout program has become a thorn in the Obama administration’s side over the past two years, has given notice that he plans to resign his position at the end of March. Barofsky declined a request for an interview. But a spokeswoman said that his resignation “was a personal decision based on a number of factors, including his desire to spend more time with his wife and 9-month-old daughter” and also “because he believes that he has achieved the goals he set for this ofﬁce when he took his oath.”

ATHENS — Greece’s economy will shrink by about 3 percent or more this year, the central bank predicted Tuesday, meaning the country would wallow in recession for a third straight year as it battles to recover from its devastating debt crisis. Greece avoided bankruptcy last year through funds from a three-year, ¤110 billion ($150 billion) international rescue loan package from other European Union countries using the euro and the International Monetary Fund. In return, the Socialist government has been implementing unpopular austerity measures, including raising taxes, cutting public sector salaries and overhauling labor legislation. Gross domestic product “is expected to fall by about 3 percent in 2011, without ruling out a larger reduction,” the Bank of Greece said in its monetary policy report. The economy contracted

by 2.3 percent in 2009 and is projected to have fallen by slightly more than 4 percent last year. The recession has particularly struck consumption and investment, the Bank of Greece said. “The uncertainty, the increasing tax burden, the fall in demand and the funding difﬁculties have led investments to a reduction that in 2010 might have surpassed 18 percent,” it said. However, it indicated that growth was expected to recover as structural reforms the government is pushing through are realized. Unemployment was also projected to rise, and was estimated to have surpassed 12.5 percent of the work force in 2010, the Bank of Greece said. Greece has pledged to bring its budget deﬁcit below the 3 percent eurozone limit, from 15.4 percent in 2009. The debt crisis, which broke out in late 2009, has left the country reliant on the IMF/ EU bailout loans and es-

sentially locked out of the long-term international debt market, with investors demanding prohibitively high interest rates for its bonds. However, the country has been able to tap the shortterm market with regular issues of treasury bills since last September. On Tuesday, Greece raised ¤390 million in an auction of 13-week treasury bills, with the interest rate dropping slightly compared with a similar sale last month, the Public Debt Management Agency said. The drop in the rate shows a slight improvement in investor conﬁdence in the country’s public ﬁnances. The sale’s yield stood at 3.85 percent, down from 4.10 percent in a similar sale on Jan. 18, while the auction was 5.08 times oversubscribed, compared with 4.98 times in January, the agency said. It had originally been seeking to raise ¤300 million. The government’s austerity measures, which are

essential if Greece is to continue receiving the quarterly installments of bailout loans, have been widely unpopular and have led to a series of strikes and demonstrations. Transport workers are the latest group to have taken to the street, with the capital’s bus, metro, tram and trolleys grinding to a halt in a 24-hour strike Tuesday to protest reforms in the public transport sector. The reforms are designed to reduce expenditure and waste at Greece’s lossmaking public transport companies, but workers fear an erosion of their rights, and were planning a demonstration outside Parliament Tuesday afternoon, when lawmakers will be discussing and voting on the bill. Public transport ticket prices were increased by up to 80 percent earlier this month as part of efforts to reduce the companies’ losses. Labor unions have called a nationwide general strike next Wednesday.

• ACQUISITION ECHOSTAR TO BUY HUGHES COMMUNICATIONS EchoStar has agreed to buy Hughes Communications, the satellite Internet company, for $1.3 billion, bolstering its data services offerings. Under the terms of the deal, EchoStar will pay $60.70 a share in cash, which is 31 percent higher than the share price on Jan. 19, before Hughes stock began rising on deal speculation. Including debt, the deal is valued at about $2 billion. The private equity ﬁrm Apollo Global Management, which owns the majority of Hughes shares, has agreed to the deal. Investors appeared pleased by the deal, pushing up EchoStar’s stock price 3.2 percent on Monday, to $30.84. Shares in Hughes fell 3.7 percent to $59.47. VIRGINIA MAYO/AP

• STOCK EXCHANGE NYSE EURONEXT, DEUTCHE BOERSE TO MERGE The parent company of the New York Stock Exchange said Tuesday that it will combine with the operator of the Frankfurt stock exchange to create the world’s largest financial markets company. The new company, a combination of NYSE Euronext and Deutsche Boerse, will have dual headquarters in Frankfurt and New York. NYSE Euronext’s chief executive Duncan Niederauer will be chief executive, and Deutsche Boerse’ chief executive Reto Francioni will become chairman. No name for the combined company was announced. The new company will own exchanges in New York, Frankfurt, Paris, Amsterdam and other cities that will continue to operate under their existing names. • NETHERLANDS ING SELLS REAL ESTATE ARMS FOR $1.1 BILLION ING, the Dutch bank, has agreed to sell the bulk of its real estate investment management businesses for around $1.1 billion in several transactions. CB Richard Ellis Group will buy ING Real Estate Investment Management in Europe and Asia, as well as its U.S. arm, Clarion Real Estate Securities, for $940 million. ING chief executive Jan Hommen said the deal would help ING reduce its exposure to real estate and strengthen its capital position. • RETAILER HOME DEPOT TO ADD MORE THAN 60,000 JOBS Home Depot will hire more than 60,000 seasonal workers to help with its busy spring season. The world’s biggest home improvement retailer said Tuesday it will fill the positions before its second annual Spring Black Friday promotion. Home Depot said the workers, who will be hired and trained in February and March, will be in every market. The Atlanta company currently has more than 300,000 employees. Home Depot said it will also add some permanent part-time and full-time jobs this year, but did not specify how many. • CHINA U.S. DEBT HOLDINGS REDUCED IN DECEMBER China, the biggest buyer of U.S. Treasury securities, reduced its holdings in December for the second straight month. China’s holdings of Treasury debt dropped 0.4 percent to $892 billion, the U.S. Treasury Department said Tuesday. China’s ownership of U.S. government debt is slightly below the $895 billion it held a year ago. Overall, foreign holdings of Treasury securities rose 0.6 percent to $4.37 trillion. Britain and Japan ramped up their purchases of U.S. government debt in December. That suggests overseas governments and private investors are still willing to buy U.S. government debt. • HEALTHCARE EMERGENCY MEDICAL AGREES TO BUYOUT Emergency Medical Services has confirmed that it had agreed to be acquired by the private equity firm Clayton Dubilier & Rice in a leveraged buyout valued at $3.2 billion, including debt. Under the terms of the deal, Clayton Dubilier will pay $64 a share for EMS, United States’ biggest provider of ambulance services. EMS said its largest shareholder, the Onex, supported the buyout. Onex owns more than 31 percent of the firm, according to the EMS annual report. Shares of EMS had risen more than 30 percent since the company confirmed in December that it was considering a potential sale.

IN CRISIS: Rail wagons remain parked at a station in Athens. Public transport workers in the Greek capital called for a 24-hour strike to protest cost-cutting reforms in the transport sector.

Inflation hits nearly 5 percent in China BY SHARON LaFRANIERE

New York Times Service

BEIJING — Consumer prices in China rose 4.9 percent in January compared with the same month a year earlier, the government reported Tuesday, as inﬂation remains a concern in the fastgrowing major economy. The rise in prices was less than expected, but economists said that could have been a result of a move by the statistics bureau to give diminished weight to food prices. Food previously accounted for one-third of the basket of goods that made up the index. The shift made it impossible to directly compare the January data to earlier months. Paul Cavey, head of China economics at Macquarie Securities, said the data showed that prices for goods other than food are rising sharply. Prices for nonfood items rose 2.6 percent in January over a

year earlier, compared with a rise of 2.1 percent in December. “This shows a broadening of inflation away from just food,” Cavey said. China has been fighting rising prices by raising interest rates and ordering banks to issue less credit. It has also allowed its currency, the renminbi, to appreciate against the dollar, albeit slowly. The latest figures suggest that those measures have not been enough to control surging living costs, economists said. Consumer prices rose 4.6 percent in December and 5.1 percent in November. Xinhua, China’s official news agency, reported that the rising prices in January were partly a result of increased demand for food during the run-up to the Chinese New Year. Food costs rose 10.3 percent, the government reported. Many economists predict that China’s inflation will

not peak for two or three more months, forcing the government to take stronger measures that could slow economic growth. “Tighter credit conditions are beginning to have an impact on growth,” Cavey said.

According to a recent report by China’s National Development and Reform Commission, Beijing is prepared to further increase interest rates and raise the reserve requirement for banks to curb inﬂationary pressures.

EUGENE HOSHIKO/AP

WORRISOME: A double-digit jump in food prices pushed China’s inflation higher in January, adding to pressure on Beijing to cool living costs.

Europe plans measures to reduce roaming costs BY KEVIN J. O’BRIEN

New York Times Service

BARCELONA — The European telecommunications commissioner said that she probably would seek new regulations to end the high charges Europeans face when using data services on smartphones outside their home countries. Speaking here on the opening day of the Mobile World Congress, the industry’s largest convention, the commissioner, Neelie Kroes, said that limits on the fees operators charge each other for mobile data roaming, which were enacted in 2007, had failed to signiﬁcantly lower costs to consumers. Mobile data roaming involves uses like downloading e-mail or reading a newspaper on a phone, as opposed to simply making a voice telephone call. Prices for mobile data roaming across European borders can reach ¤2.60, or about $3.50, per downloaded megabyte, compared with an average of 5 cents a megabyte paid at home, Kroes said.

“I would love to be able to say to you today that the roaming market is competitive, that data roaming charges approach domestic prices, that bill shocks are a thing of the past, that prices for voice and SMS roaming are not clustered around the maximum levels permitted,” she said. “Regrettably, I cannot.” European laws on mobile roaming charges set limits on how much consumers can be charged for voice services, but place only wholesale caps on data services. They are both set to expire in July 2012. Kroes is studying whether to extend the caps, impose new ones or introduce other measures to improve competition. Her recommendation, expected by the end of June, would then be taken up by the European Parliament and national governments. Mobile operators, who lost a ﬁght against the initial price caps in 2007, have said the market for data roaming is not big enough to create true competition and that domestic prices are falling rapidly. Kroes, a Dutch economist,

acknowledged the argument in her speech but said operators were using market developments as an excuse to maintain unreasonably high charges. “Of course incentives to compete on roaming prices are not as strong as the pressures on domestic prices,” she said. “But that is not a justiﬁcation for the current rip-offs.” Kroes opened a review of the market in December, soliciting comments from operators, consumers and others. During her speech, Kroes said high mobile data roaming prices were hindering the commission’s broader goal of making fast broadband service, with download speeds of at least 30 megabits a second, available to all residents of the 27-member European Union by 2020. She outlined three options under consideration to reduce them. One would impose retail price caps on mobile data roaming charges similar to those on voice, which led to an increase in the use of crossborder mobile calling. Anoth-

er would allow consumers to buy roaming packages from any operator, not just their own. A third would set lower wholesale price caps on data roaming and require operators to sell the service to lowcost virtual operators like Tele2 of Sweden, a specialist reseller of services on other operator’s networks. Without saying which option she backed, she suggested that at the least, the current regulation would be extended beyond 2012. “It may be that no single approach will do the job on its own,” she said. “And we cannot exclude that different approaches may need to be implemented for the ﬁrst years following the expiry of the current regulation while laying the groundwork for more sustainable long-term solutions.” The chief executives of the ﬁve largest mobile operators in Europe, Telefonica, Vodafone, Deutsche Telekom, France Telecom and Telecom Italia, were scheduled to discuss roaming privately in Barcelona.

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

DOW 12,226.64

S&P 500 1,328.01

-41.55

NASDAQ 2,804.35

-4.31

12,360

Dow Jones industrials

1.2140

Close: 12,226.64 Change: -41.55 (-0.3%)

11,920

MiamiHerald.com

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

30-YR T-BONDS 4.66%

...

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2,780

Close: 2,804.35 Change: -12.83 (-0.5%)

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DWc[ Cintas Cisco Citigrp CitiTdecs CityNC CliffsNRs Clorox Coach CobaltIEn CocaCE CCFemsa CCHellenic CocaCl CognizTech ColgPal Comc spcl Comerica CmcBMO CmtyHlt CBD-Pao s CompssMn CompSci ConAgra ConchoRes ConocPhil ConsolEngy ConEd ConstellA ConstellEn ContlRes Cooper Ind Copart Copel CoreLab s CornPdts Corning Corpbnca Cosan Ltd Costco Covance CoventryH Covidien Credicp CredSuiss Cree Inc CrwnCstle CrownHold Ctrip.com CullenFr Cummins CypSemi DPL DR Horton DTE Danaher s DaVita DeVry DeckOut s Deere DelMnte Delhaize Dell Inc DeltaAir DenburyR Dndreon Dentsply DeutschBk DevelDiv DevonE Diageo DiaOffs DicksSptg DigitalRlt DirecTV A Discover DiscCm A DiscCm C DishNetwk DrReddy DollarGen DllrTree s DomRescs Domtar grs Donldson DonlleyRR Dover DowChm DrPepSnap DresserR Dril-Quip DuPont DukeEngy DukeRlty DunBrad ETrade rs eBay EMC Cp ENI EOG Res EQT Corp EstWstBcp EastChm Eaton EatnVan EVTxMGlo Ecolab Ecopetrol EdisonInt EdwLfSci s ElPasoCp ElPasoPpl Elan EldorGld g ElectArts EAndinB Embraer EmersonEl EElChile EnbrEPtrs Enbridge EnCana g

BWij 9^] 28.75 18.67 4.91 139.37 59.85 92.34 66.62 57.37 14.10 26.18 75.46 27.94 63.19 76.50 78.24 22.61 39.74 40.86 37.97 36.92 94.89 47.38 22.41 101.71 73.50 46.22 49.53 20.38 31.05 61.26 64.99 40.73 24.10 99.77 48.05 21.85 81.82 12.75 74.33 57.20 29.73 50.43 97.64 44.12 55.06 45.50 37.87 40.08 59.19 112.65 22.76 26.37 12.32 46.74 51.40 79.11 52.45 84.54 93.62 18.94 76.50 13.91 11.90 22.08 34.59 36.57 63.12 14.01 88.10 77.06 72.38 37.77 55.78 43.86 21.62 43.73 39.00 23.38 33.43 26.93 50.94 43.74 91.75 61.78 18.71 66.47 37.96 34.00 46.99 79.37 54.11 17.89 13.62 85.09 17.88 34.46 26.91 49.61 103.55 47.76 23.27 91.66 109.89 33.58 10.87 49.29 41.03 37.05 88.64 16.96 37.22 6.81 16.72 18.53 27.72 34.43 61.55 50.56 65.07 58.16 30.74

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BWij 9^] 34.92 58.35 68.97 40.54 54.29 30.85 20.23 52.88 71.83 43.64 36.24 91.47 54.19 12.60 68.34 116.42 93.74 88.18 20.23 41.20 21.71 53.83 57.56 82.97 126.37 31.93 80.09 88.22 105.39 43.96 62.85 82.01 15.16 14.05 31.75 15.45 41.35 14.89 29.04 166.26 39.20 62.40 8.17 129.33 73.31 25.80 53.25 16.10 51.00 34.01 39.16 60.33 78.77 38.49 21.80 129.97 54.65 64.39 52.69 9.47 30.59 16.94 22.78 75.48 32.52 37.22 77.62 21.46 15.38 35.75 36.11 4.05 14.49 32.08 53.81 13.68 74.30 13.98 30.57 38.99 38.27 49.64 14.10 16.16 43.97 167.91 91.36 14.39 624.15 134.00 19.87 43.53 24.11 46.45 31.35 37.52 150.37 56.54 45.54 56.95 42.52 50.66 10.89 29.29 44.25 49.50 48.06 60.16 68.39 66.96 49.71 16.14 81.19 47.99 60.57 58.27 20.05 37.69 43.99 57.37 25.86

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DWc[ Hospira HospPT HostHotls HuanPwr HubbelB HudsCity HumGen Humana HuntJB HuntBnk Huntsmn IAMGld g ICICI Bk IdexxLabs IHS Inc ING ITC Hold ITT Corp Icahn Ent IDEX ITW Illumina ImpOil gs IndoTel Inergy Informat InfosysT IngerRd IngrmM IntegrysE Intel IntcntlEx IntCtlHtl IBM IntFlav IntlGame IntPap IntTower g InterOil g Interpublic Intuit IntSurg Invesco IronMtn ItauUnibH IvanhM g JDS Uniph JPMorgCh Jabil JacobsEng Jarden Jefferies JohnJn JohnsnCtl JonesLL JoyGlbl JnprNtwk KB FnclGp KBR Inc KKR n KLA Tnc KT Corp KC Southn Kellogg Kennamtl Keycorp KimbClk Kimco KindME KindMor n KindMM KineticC KingPhrm Kinross g Kohls KoreaElc Kraft Kroger Kubota Kyocera L-3 Com LAN Air LG Display LKQ Corp LPL Inv n LSI Corp LabCp LamResrch LVSands Lazard LearCorp LegacyRes LeggMason LeggPlat LeucNatl LibGlobA LibGlobC LibtyMIntA LibMCapA LibStarzA LibtProp LifeTech LillyEli Limited LincNat LinearTch LinnEngy LloydBkg LockhdM Loews Logitech Lorillard Lowes Lubrizol lululemn g Luxottica LyonBas A M&T Bk MDU Res MEMC MGM Rsts

BWij 9^] 54.93 25.34 18.87 21.93 65.32 11.36 25.99 59.46 42.64 7.60 18.85 21.27 46.24 78.17 83.00 12.09 67.35 59.20 42.15 41.79 54.42 71.88 47.06 33.71 42.00 48.91 68.29 47.36 19.94 49.33 21.45 126.74 22.21 162.84 55.87 17.13 30.06 9.62 75.05 12.37 49.78 341.19 26.50 26.80 22.42 28.09 25.05 46.82 22.01 50.74 34.48 25.83 60.62 41.58 101.80 94.07 44.39 50.90 33.60 16.27 48.24 19.64 56.04 53.00 41.18 9.65 64.96 18.38 72.15 30.94 64.85 47.83 14.23 16.64 52.36 12.57 30.67 22.61 54.50 104.01 80.07 28.94 16.18 25.58 32.98 6.50 87.67 53.69 48.13 45.55 107.72 29.93 36.10 23.02 33.94 42.88 41.00 17.03 71.65 72.08 34.49 54.30 34.47 32.52 31.64 35.38 38.94 4.27 81.48 43.00 19.18 77.49 25.58 112.77 81.53 29.71 37.48 89.44 20.83 14.14 15.09

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DWc[ MSCI Inc Macerich MagelMPtr MagnaI gs Makita ManpwI Manulife g MarathonO Markel MarkWest MarIntA MarshM MarshIls MartMM MarvellT Masco MasseyEn MasterCrd Mattel MaximIntg McCorm McDrmInt s McDnlds McGrwH McKesson McAfee MeadJohn MeadWvco Mechel MedcoHlth Medtrnic MelcoCrwn MercadoL Merck MetLife MetroPCS MettlerT Microchp MicronT MicrosSys Microsoft Millicom MitsuUFJ Mitsui MizuhoFn MobileTel s Mohawk MolsCoorB Molycorp n Monsanto Moodys MorgStan Mosaic MotrlaSol n MotrlaMo n MurphO Mylan NII Hldg NRG Egy NTT DOCO NV Energy NVR NXP Sem n NYSE Eur Nabors NalcoHld NasdOMX NBkGreece NatFuGas NatGrid NatInstru NOilVarco NatRetPrp NatSemi NatwHP NatResPtrs Navistar NetServic NetApp Netease NetďŹ&#x201A;ix Nevsun g NwGold g NewOriEd NY CmtyB NewellRub NewďŹ&#x201A;dExp NewmtM NewsCpA NewsCpB Nexen g NextEraEn NiSource Nidec NielsenH n NikeB NipponTT NobleCorp NobleEn NokiaCp Nomura NordicAm Nordson Nordstrm NorďŹ&#x201A;kSo NortelInv NoestUt NorTrst NorthropG NovaGld g Novartis Novlus NovoNord NSTAR NuanceCm Nucor NustarEn Nvidia OGE Engy OReillyAu OcciPet

BWij 9^] 36.01 49.50 58.69 57.96 44.04 66.67 18.89 48.07 416.26 43.80 41.46 30.23 7.40 89.50 18.78 12.88 65.43 256.10 25.31 28.00 45.68 23.09 76.15 37.75 79.07 47.89 59.67 30.23 31.60 62.28 39.60 7.22 72.08 32.79 46.88 13.38 167.74 37.88 11.67 47.60 26.96 89.60 5.52 366.70 4.12 19.76 57.26 44.95 48.28 71.54 30.60 30.32 84.92 38.80 28.38 70.48 23.34 41.26 20.88 18.43 14.68 751.00 25.01 38.12 25.93 26.48 28.28 1.97 70.18 45.98 48.22 78.95 24.45 15.27 38.23 36.52 64.76 10.70 58.44 44.06 240.79 6.14 9.53 97.07 18.76 19.89 71.49 58.04 17.11 18.11 22.92 54.77 19.02 23.19 25.38 85.55 23.47 39.24 86.66 9.07 6.33 24.17 97.90 45.87 64.46 31.90 33.49 52.83 69.14 14.65 55.86 39.40 121.67 44.23 18.99 48.34 68.99 22.55 46.18 57.70 103.07

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DWc[ Oceaneer OilStates Omncre Omnicom OnSmcnd ONEOK ONEOK Pt OpenTxt Oracle Orix OshkoshCp OwensCorn OwensIll PG&E Cp PNC POSCO PPG PPL Corp Paccar PallCorp PanASlv Panasonic PaneraBrd ParkerHan PartnerRe Patterson PattUTI Paychex PeabdyE Pearson Pengrth g PennWst g Penney Pentair PeopUtdF PepcoHold PepsiCo PerkElm Perrigo PetChina Petrohawk PetrbrsA Petrobras PetsMart PďŹ zer PharmPdt PhilipMor PhilLD PhilipsEl PhlVH PinWst PioNtrl PitnyBw PlainsAA PlainsEx PlumCrk Polo RL Polycom Popular PortglTel Potash Potash wi Praxair PrecCastpt PriceTR priceline PrideIntl PrinFncl ProctGam ProgrssEn ProgsvCp ProLogis Prudentl Prud UK PSEG PubStrg QEP Res n QIAGEN Qualcom QuantaSvc QstDiag Questar s QwestCm Rackspace Ralcorp Randgold RangeRs Rayonier Raytheon RltyInco RedHat ReedElsNV ReedEls plc RgcyCtrs RegncyEn RegionsFn ReinsGrp RelStlAl RenaisRe Repsol RschMotn ResMed s ReynAm s RioTinto s Riverbed s RobtHalf RockwlAut RockColl RockwdH RogCm gs Roper RossStrs Rovi Corp Rowan RoyalBk g RBScotlnd RoyDShllB RoyDShllA Ryanair SAIC SAP AG

BWij 9^] 78.79 73.89 26.81 48.82 11.52 61.31 82.53 57.61 32.76 55.03 38.04 33.87 30.40 46.21 64.61 107.45 88.35 24.75 52.54 54.96 36.53 13.27 117.02 91.40 80.76 33.96 25.33 33.14 65.37 17.09 12.29 26.98 35.96 38.05 13.41 18.72 64.35 26.81 73.55 135.10 20.33 32.90 37.52 41.42 19.05 27.88 59.89 52.95 31.49 61.14 41.71 97.76 25.68 63.82 37.42 42.53 125.04 48.50 3.36 11.58 183.64 61.34 96.86 151.04 69.19 457.20 40.20 32.52 63.92 45.65 20.16 15.52 64.90 22.96 32.45 110.20 38.78 19.77 58.64 23.56 56.74 17.90 7.20 38.62 64.35 78.19 48.73 61.15 50.79 34.78 45.29 27.30 37.04 43.20 27.38 7.84 61.38 55.17 69.76 32.06 65.30 32.35 33.23 73.69 41.30 32.50 88.38 66.11 43.88 35.20 84.47 70.66 64.45 38.47 56.28 14.50 68.87 68.76 30.48 16.45 59.30

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DWc[

SCANA SEI Inv SK Tlcm SLGreen SLM Cp SM Energy SPX Cp STMicro SXC Hlth s SABESP Safeway StJude Salesforce SanDisk SandRdge SanoďŹ SaraLee Sasol Schlmbrg Schwab Scotts ScrippsNet SeadrillLtd SeagateT SealAir SearsHldgs SempraEn Sensata n ShawC gs ShawGrp Sherwin Shinhan Shire SiderNac s Siemens SigmaAld SignetJwlrs Slcnware SilvWhtn g SimonProp SimsMetal Sina SinopcShng SiriusXM SkywksSol Smith&N SmithfF Smucker SmurfStn n SnapOn SocQ&M Sohu.cm Solera SonocoP SonyCp SouthnCo SthnCopper SoUnCo SwstAirl SwtGas SwstnEngy SpectraEn SprintNex StanBlkDk Staples Starbucks StarwdHtl StateStr Statoil ASA StlDynam Stericycle SterlngBcp Sterlite Stryker Subsea 7 SumitMitsu SunLfFn g Suncor gs Sunoco Symantec Syngenta Synopsys Sysco TAM SA TD Ameritr TECO TFS Fncl TIM Partic TJX TRWAuto TaiwSemi TalismE g Target TataMotors Taubmn TeckRes g TelNorL TlcmArg TelcmNZ TelItalia TelItaliaA TelSPaulo TelefEsp s TelMexA TelMexL Telus g TempurP Tenaris Teradata Teradyn Terex Ternium Tesoro TexInst Textron ThermoFis ThomsonR 3M Co TibcoSft Tiffany THorton g

BWij 9^]

40.34 23.24 17.23 73.40 15.01 64.41 84.80 12.20 51.79 51.87 21.78 47.36 142.49 51.22 8.76 34.49 16.89 51.18 92.34 19.38 52.43 52.60 35.98 14.22 28.45 88.24 53.16 31.65 21.50 39.97 84.55 87.82 82.85 16.78 128.11 62.85 43.46 6.75 36.63 106.85 18.42 93.34 59.09 1.69 36.33 59.11 22.29 62.91 39.45 58.56 55.21 87.54 53.01 36.16 34.67 38.14 43.99 27.23 12.37 37.90 36.95 25.94 4.46 73.25 22.21 33.18 64.91 45.70 23.83 19.49 84.90 10.17 14.30 60.26 24.00 7.30 34.04 42.35 42.34 18.53 66.01 29.16 28.25 22.24 21.38 17.82 10.59 36.31 49.30 60.46 12.82 23.12 53.86 27.07 53.79 58.58 15.94 25.58 8.39 14.12 11.87 23.21 24.60 17.22 17.25 46.30 47.00 46.64 47.80 17.87 36.88 36.36 23.57 35.97 27.61 56.62 39.86 92.00 25.33 64.06 42.12

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DWc[

TW Cable TimeWarn Timken TitanMet TollBros Trchmrk TorDBk g Total SA TotalSys TowersWat Toyota TractSup s TrCda g Trnsalta g TransAtlH TransDigm Transocn Travelers TrimbleN Tuppwre Turkcell TycoElec TycoIntl Tyson UBS AG UDR UGI Corp UMH Prop URS UltraPt g Ultrapar UnilevNV Unilever UnionPac UtdContl UtdMicro US Bancrp USSteel UtdTech UtdTherap UtdhlthGp UnivHlthS UnumGrp UrbanOut VF Cp Vale SA Vale SA pf ValeantPh ValeroE Validus Valspar VarianMed VarianSemi Ventas VeoliaEnv VeriFone Verisign Verisk VerizonCm VertxPh ViacomB VimpelC n VirgnMda h Visa Visteon n VivoPart VMware Vodafone Vornado VulcanM WPP plc WABCO WaddellR WalMart Walgrn WalterEn WarnerCh s WshPst WasteCon s WsteMInc Waters WatsnPh WeathfIntl WebMD WtWatch WellPoint WellsFargo WDigital WstnUnion Westpac Weyerh Whrlpl WhitingPet WholeFd WmsCos WmsPtrs WmsSon WillisGp WimmBD Windstrm Wipro s WiscEn WooriFn Wyndham Wynn XL Grp XcelEngy Xerox Xilinx YPF Soc Yahoo Yamana g YanzhouC Youku n YumBrnds Zimmer ZionBcp

BWij 9^]

71.26 36.69 51.15 20.07 21.46 63.29 80.14 58.71 17.71 57.72 92.97 52.83 38.19 21.06 51.77 81.57 79.45 59.35 49.00 54.66 15.90 37.49 45.30 18.24 19.07 24.05 31.93 10.39 46.69 46.90 61.01 29.34 28.89 97.99 27.19 3.04 28.65 62.31 84.93 67.02 42.03 43.85 26.43 37.72 86.78 35.14 30.53 40.90 28.45 31.15 37.98 70.75 46.60 55.38 32.50 47.95 36.60 33.73 36.46 39.49 45.44 14.20 27.76 75.61 71.60 33.18 88.87 29.19 88.71 43.76 66.82 65.01 40.46 54.95 42.34 124.90 24.74 432.09 29.65 37.98 79.90 56.49 24.84 52.97 44.26 65.94 33.68 34.16 21.31 121.85 25.01 83.93 121.23 59.24 27.03 49.85 37.55 38.80 32.41 13.24 12.96 58.70 38.86 31.74 128.20 22.83 23.76 11.07 33.73 48.74 17.20 12.17 29.33 33.00 50.73 60.67 24.60

+1.02 +.44 -.67 -.36 +.30 +.27 -.05 -.09 -.06 +.39 +.16 -.46 -.08

-.06 +.03 -.11 +.51 -.32 -.10 -.05 -.88 +.07 -.02 +.04 -.17 +.07 -.06 -.08 -.26 +.17 -.01 -.02 -.54 +.25 +.04 -.03 +1.96 -.28 -.56 -.43 -.05 -.06 -.14 +.01 +.06 -.24 -.63 -.21 -.31 -.61 -.98 -.03 +.04 -.23 +.02 -.12 +.56 +.52 +.18 -.09 +.38 -.13 +.50 +.68 -2.00 +.16 +.01 -.70 -.21 -.37 +.03 +.15 +.17 -2.19 +1.01 +.01 +.04 -.20 -.30 -.21 -.55 -.28 +.18 -.19 -.50 -.16 -1.06 +.18 -1.52 -2.55 -.05 +.02 +.40 -.66 +.30 -.10 -.01 +.17 +.35 +.07 +2.04 +.25 -.14 +.05 +.04 -.06 -.15 +.31 +.14 -.11 +3.11 +.43 -.11 -.11

THE MIAMI HERALD

MiamiHerald.com

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

PEOPLE

Stuttering It’s on everyone’s lips now

BY MICHAEL PALIN

Los Angeles Times Service

Colin Firth’s performance as the stuttering King George VI in The King’s Speech was difficult for me to watch. Don’t get me wrong — the acting is superb, and the true story the film portrays is certainly British filmmaking at its best. It was discomforting for me because it was a reminder of many childhood days spent sitting across the kitchen table from my father, waiting patiently as he, like his monarch, wrestled with an often paralyzing stutter. For the world’s 65 million or so stutterers, it’s little consolation to know that kings can suffer as much as commoners, or that some notable orators, including Winston Churchill, and movie stars such as Bruce Willis and Emily Blunt have had the same problem. If you stutter, your life

is different. Simple things that the rest of us take for granted, like telling a joke or addressing a group at work or giving a speech at your child’s wedding, become potential mineﬁelds of embarrassment. For my father, daily dialogue was a frustrating ordeal. It is no wonder he had a short fuse. My father’s stutter was never discussed. Some days it was negligible and I would hope that perhaps he was getting over it. Then the next day it would be back, and worse. Simple statements blocked up in his mouth. One of us might unwittingly make things worse by hurrying him into what we thought he wanted to say. I don’t mean to paint a portrait of unalloyed gloom. We had many happy times together. But there were also awkward moments. At Christmas one year, we

gathered round the wireless radio to hear the king read his annual Yuletide message, but his obvious difﬁculty getting the words out seemed embarrassingly close to home. A few years after my father died, John Cleese, who had known him, told me he was writing a new ﬁlm in which one member of a desperately dysfunctional gang of crooks had a stutter. He asked if I could help him understand how a stutter worked. That’s how the character I played in A Fish Called Wanda, Ken Pile — with his bad haircut and

rudely tight trousers — was born. Actual stutterers had mixed reactions to the role. Some were PALIN pleased that a stutterer figured so prominently in the film and that he got revenge in the end on those who had taunted him for his affliction. Others felt that stutterers themselves were being mocked. Four years after the movie’s release, I was contacted by Travers Reid, a successful businessman and a funny, warm and delightful person. He was also a stutterer. He and a speech therapist, Lena Rustin, were wondering if I’d support the establishment of a clinic in London to treat

stuttering in children. That is how, in 1993, the Michael Palin Centre for Stammering Children was born. It was a revelation to see how the clinic worked with stammerers. Problems with speech ﬂuency can emerge in children as young as 3, and the goal of therapy is to intervene quickly, when it is most treatable. The clinic’s approach is to treat the stutterer, not just the stutter. The whole family is involved in the therapy, and family members learn to deal openly and freely with the fact of the stutter. An effort is made to understand how and why it has arisen. Children with stutters also meet in groups to discuss their experiences. The center now has 10 full-time therapists, and it has improved the lives

of many hundreds of children. Three years ago it received a government grant to extend its expertise to other treatment programs across the country. Stuttering and all the problems that go with it need no longer be suffered in silence. When I was a child, we would never have talked about my father’s stutter. His struggles to speak meant tense evenings around the kitchen table. Now, thanks to a powerful ﬁlm, the topic is on everyone’s lips. If The King’s Speech instills hope in those who suffer from stuttering and galvanizes the rest of us to do what we can to help, then it will have achieved something even more valuable than its deserved Oscar nominations. Michael Palin is an English actor, humorist, novelist and global explorer. He is also a member of the Monty Python comedy troupe.

THE WEINSTEIN COMPANY/AP

STAMMERING KING: Colin Firth portrays King George VI and Helena Bonham Carter plays the role of Queen Mother in The King’s Speech.

‘A widow’s story’: expressing the grief of losing a spouse BY JANET MASLIN

New York Times Service

Three years ago this month, Joyce Carol Oates lost Raymond J. Smith, her husband of more than 47 years, after he was hospitalized with an apparent case of pneumonia and died of a secondary infection. She has written — “unﬂinchingly,” as her publisher inevitably puts it — about the pain and madness that enveloped her during the year that followed. “On the ﬁrst anniversary of her husband’s death,” Oates writes in her new memoir, “the widow should think I kept myself alive.” Her own story happens to be a bit more complicated than that, even if A Widow’s Story does not exactly say so. This book’s timeline includes the facts that Ray Smith died on Feb. 18, 2008, less than a month before his 78th birthday, and that it took Oates more than a year and a half to remove his voice from their telephone answering machine. It does not say that by the time Ray had been dead for 11 months, Oates was happily engaged to Charles Gross, the professor of neuroscience who became her second husband in 2009. How delicately must we tread around this situation? Oates can say (and has said, on the rare occasions when

interviewers have had the nerve to ask her about it) that people whose long, sustaining marriages end often choose to remarry. Fair enough — and who would begrudge her this respite from the anguish that A Widow’s Story describes? But it is less fair for A Widow’s Story to dissemble while masquerading as a work of raw courage and honesty. A book long and rambling enough to contemplate an answeringmachine recording could have found time to mention a whole new spouse. Obviously, Oates chose to compartmentalize. And she had at least two reasons for doing that. One: This book’s already-sketchy portrait of the Smiths’ marriage would have been weakened by such a major distraction. Two: A Widow’s Story willfully taps into the increasingly lucrative loss-of-spouse market that has thus far been dominated by Joan Didion’s Year of Magical Thinking. Oates, who had two pet cats with Smith, shows her own sharp claws when alluding to Didion’s book as an exercise in narcissism and vanity. Some widows, she suggests — ahem — might beneﬁt from a good swift slap to break the spell of grief-mongering pathology. A Widow’s Story is far

OATES MIAMI HERALD WIRE PHOTO

less fastidious or clinical than Didion’s much more painful and extreme story (which involved the nearsimultaneous loss of her husband and their only child). Oates’ book has more warmth, though it’s also ﬂabbier and ﬂightier. It includes e-mails (“Thank you for your kindness in interceding with Verizon!”), literary quotations, threadbare metaphysics (“Is the self the physical body, or is the body but the repository of self?”), much minutiae (Oates likes to vacuum) and worrisome signs of haste. How did she manage to recycle an obviously unedited e-mail in which she wrote “this experience has been so ravishing,” about her husband’s ravaging illness? A Widow’s Story tries to make up in immediacy what

A WIDOW’S STORY A Memoir By Joyce Carol Oates 415 pages. Ecco. $27.99 it lacks in depth and insight. Oates writes with frantic energy about feeling lost, alone, frightened, disoriented, angry, hurt and “like one who has been slammed over the head with a sledgehammer,” to cite one of this book’s many painful metaphors for pain. She offers her idea of practical advice for the new widow. (Get many copies of the death certiﬁcate. Wear socks to bed.) She fares best with descriptions of her friends’ reactions, which range from tenderly loyal to egomaniacally obtuse. “He will for-

ever be one of the threads that have created my personhood” one condolence letter said of Ray. On the evidence that Oates presents, very few people knew what to say about her husband, beyond expressing generic respect and sorrow. Eight years her senior and imposingly eminent, he collaborated with his wife in founding the Ontario Review as well as Ontario Review Books, a small publishing house that reprinted some of the enormous Oates oeuvre. Though they were both in the Joyce Carol Oates business, she strongly suggests that her husband could be a daunting and dominant presence. The lone photo at the end of the book, with Oates in a lacy jacket and pose of wifely delicacy behind her augustlooking bow-tied husband, sends that same message. Beyond that, the dynamic of the Smiths’ marriage is left blank. Oates conﬁdes, for instance, that she and her husband called each other “Honey” as if this were an exotic intimacy. And she does Smith no favors by quoting his last phone message: “Lots of love to my honey and my kitties.” Although the book ﬂashes back to various stages of the marriage, and to the remarkably treacly addresses of their homes in various cit-

ies (their last street address was 9 Honey Brook Drive), it offers few glimpses of how they actually got along. One of the book’s more revealing moments describes a late-night phone call from a newspaper editor who delivered the erroneous information that Oates had won the most important literary prize the world has to offer. “That!” she recalls her husband’s having laughed at the thought of a Joyce Carol Oates Nobel Prize. “Let’s go to bed.” As a veteran storyteller, Oates knows she must hoard the book’s few real surprises about Ray and treat them as big revelations about his family and his early years. But she has far too much space to ﬁll en route to this denouement. Among the subjects touched on by A Widow’s Story are its author’s thoughts of suicide, her hoarding of pills, her curious fascination with the Eliot Spitzer scandal, her quite funny loathing of fruit baskets sent as sympathy gifts, and her teaching and touring schedule. Even before she was felled by her husband’s death, she had scheduled a lecture entitled: “The Writer’s [Secret] Life: Woundedness, Rejection and Inspiration.” Surely she had a head start when it came to writing about pain.

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

MiamiHerald.com

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

THE MIAMI HERALD

DIVERSIONS GARFIELD

BY JIM DAVIS

NORTH ♠K98 ♥652 ◆AQ8753 ♣J WEST ♠A764 ♥A ◆92 ♣ Q 10 8 7 6 5

DILBERT

BY SCOTT ADAMS

For more comics & puzzles, go to www.MiamiHerald.com/comics.

ACES ON BRIDGE

EAST ♠QJ52 ♥QJ94 ◆J64 ♣32

SOUTH ♠ 10 3 ♥ K 10 8 7 3 ◆ K 10 ♣AK94 Vulnerable: Neither Dealer: South The bidding: South West North East 1♥ 2♣ 2◆ Pass 2 NT Pass 3 ♥ Pass 4♥ All pass 2-16

Opening lead — ♣ seven

In today’s deal from last year’s NEC invitational teams tournament, you will see two declarers tackling the same four-heart contract. One gets the most challenging lead and makes his contract; the other gets a helpful lead ... and guess what happens to him. In one room the Swedish declarer received a low club lead. He won in dummy and decided to lead a heart to his king, figuring that if West had a singleton heart honor, it was more likely to be the queen or jack. It was a reasonable play, but the wrong day for it. West won his heart ace and cashed the spade ace. The defenders then sat back to see how many more trump tricks they could collect. Declarer played for a trump reduction and managed to escape for

down one. By contrast Claudio Nunes as South received a diabolical low spade lead from Craig Gower. Nunes guessed well to rise with dummy’s king and, even better, to lead a trump to the eight and ace, making the trump position clear. Gower played two more rounds of spades. Nunes ruffed and immediately cashed three rounds of diamonds. When East followed suit, Nunes pitched a club, led a trump to the queen and king, and now could play the club ace, ruff a club, then run the diamonds. In the three-card ending, East could do no better than discard a spade. Nunes pitched his master club and led a diamond at trick 12 to ensure one more trump trick for himself and bring home his contract. —BOBBY WOLFF

CHESS QUIZ ZITS

BY JIM BORGMAN AND JERRY SCOTT

PEANUTS CLASSICS

BY CHARLES SCHULZ

WHITE WINS MATERIAL Hint: Mighty knight jinks. Solution: 1. Nc6! does it. If ... Qc3, 2. Ne7ch Kf8. Nd5! (attacks the rook and queen) [Smeets-Shirov ’11].

DEAR ABBY

BALDO

BY HECTOR CANTU AND CARLOS CASTELLANOS

DOONESBURY

BABY BLUES

BY GARRY TRUDEAU

BY RICK KIRKMAN AND JERRY SCOTT

Dear Abby: This is difficult to write. My sister reads her children’s text messages after they’re asleep. She bragged to me about how popular her daughter “Naomi” — my 14-year-old niece — is because she’s giving oral sex to the boys. My sister claims Naomi isn’t “having sex,” so she thinks it’s OK! I am shocked by her ignorance and terrified knowing that Naomi is putting herself at risk for STDs. My husband says if I confront Naomi it will drive her away, but I can’t remain silent and watch my niece ruin her life. What’s the point of reading your children’s text messages if you’re unwilling to stand up and be a parent? What can I do? Terrified For My Niece in the Southwest Your sister’s parenting skills are appalling. Her daughter isn’t “popular”; she is promiscuous — and her mother is allowing it. Do your niece a favor and talk to her, because oral sex IS sex, and she is putting herself at risk for a number of sexually transmitted diseases. The Sexuality Information and Education Council has a wealth of information resources and tools for addressing this important subject. Its website, www.familiesare talking.org, helps with discussing sexuality-related issues and provides information for young people, parents and caregivers. Other reliable resources include Planned Parenthood’s www.teenwire.com and the American Social Health Association website, www.iwannaknow.org, which is also a safe place for teens to learn about sexual health.

their values verbally and by demonstrating them. As to the question, “Is there a God?” you and your wife should discuss that question in advance so she can have some input and you can handle this together. Dear Abby: My daughter-in-law is eight weeks pregnant. The problem is, she carries the gene for cystic fibrosis. One of her siblings is a carrier and another has multiple sclerosis. I advised my son that it didn’t seem to be a good idea to get pregnant, but they both appear unconcerned about the repercussions. Should I mind my own business and hope for the best? Or should I be worried about the future health of their expected child? Worried Gramma-to-be As a loving grandparent, you will always be concerned about your grandchildren’s welfare. What you should do is suggest that your son and daughter-in-law discuss their family medical histories with her OB/GYN and take their lead from the doctor. (If they haven’t already done so.)

ANSWER TO TUESDAY’S PUZZLE:

Dear Abby: I was raised a Christian, but now that I am older I am questioning my faith. I consider myself an agnostic, borderline atheist. The problem is I am married and a father. I want to raise my children to be open-minded and tolerant, but I don’t know how I should go about it. How do I answer the question, “Is there a God?” when I myself am not sure? Have you any advice on the subject? Agnostic Dad in South Carolina Many deeply spiritual people are agnostic. The way to raise open-minded, tolerant children is to talk to them about your values and model that behavior for them. Parents convey

HOROSCOPE IF TODAY IS YOUR BIRTHDAY: Between now and the end of March, you may work harder and smarter than usual in order to attain your ambitions. You will be blessed by heightened stamina and inspiration all year. • AQUARIUS (Jan. 20-Feb. 18): Ignore kindly impulses that could lead you into the land of the lost. • PISCES (Feb. 19-March 20): Pass up the social work and use analytical skills to tackle paperwork.

JUMBLE

• ARIES (March 21-April 19): You may not like someone’s opinion, or think that your opinion is the only one that counts, but nevertheless that person might have some worthwhile ideas. • TAURUS (April 20-May 20): Spend time polishing innovative ideas, but wait to present them. • GEMINI (May 21-June 20): Adhere to your vision of the future. You are the only person capable of making your own decisions. • CANCER (June 21-July 22): Careful reflection and investigation will pinpoint the source of trouble. It is not easy to gain cooperation from others, so hold off on negotiations. • LEO (July 23-Aug. 22): Analyze, but do not criticize. Use intuitive intelligence to detect flaws or errors. • VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept. 22): Gather the necessary ammunition before shooting off your mouth. • LIBRA (Sept. 23-Oct. 22): Someone may inadvertently touch one of your sensitive spots. You may in turn become defensive or withdrawn. • SCORPIO (Oct. 23-Nov. 21): It is possible to clash with a significant other or a business partner. Avoid conflict with others. • SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 22-Dec. 21): Temper your words with as much diplomacy and tact as possible. • CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19): Striving for perfection is easier if everyone is willing to overlook the flaws.

CROSSWORD ACROSS concoction 1 Old crone 63 Hood and McKinley 4 Indian title of respect (Abbr.) 7 Woman from Waikiki 64 2001 French film comedy 13 Run a deficit or its heroine 14 Charismatic glow 65 Address fit for a king 16 Act before the headliner 66 Had a meal 17 Edwin Starr hit 67 Military students 18 Author of scary stories? 68 Words ___ minute 20 Ballerina’s trait 69 Elmira locale, for short 22 T-men and G-men 23 Eye doctors’ concerns DOWN 24 Pie-hole 1 Emulates a wolf 25 Brunch time, perhaps 2 Stand by for 26 Expected landing 3 Potentially infectious moment, briefly 4 Wisest 28 Tommy or Jimmy 5 German industrial of swing region 31 Thickening agent in food 6 Sardonic humor 34 Like some regions 7 Knocks the socks off 38 Give-shot link 8 Start of the second qtr. 39 A screw loose 9 Cow that hasn’t 42 “To the max” indicator had a cow 43 Puget Sound city 10 Pick up 44 Words that pass bills 11 Require 45 What many crossword 12 Makes an incorrect guess puzzles have 15 Sailing the 47 Meadow male bounding main 49 British mother 19 Cooking amt. 50 They work with RNs 21 Brewpub’s lineup 53 Weeper of myth 25 Forwent scissors 57 Yodeler’s peaks 27 Sui and Paquin 59 Condescends 28 Lift a lawyer’s license 29 To be, in Paris 61 Potent magical

30 31 32 33 35 36 37 40

Pep rally cries Help in a holdup Deep cut Tried And the like (Abbr.) However, informally Designer’s bottom line? Supermarket express lane unit

41 Vampirelike female monster 46 Deltoid, for one 48 Respond 50 Two, in Spain 51 Plays masseuse 52 Makeshift money 54 Paine’s “The Rights ___”

55 Barney’s cartoon wife 56 Problems for lispers 57 “Never Wave at ___” (Rosalind Russell flick) 58 Succotash bean 59 Flying formations 60 X, on a map 62 ___ the ground running

THE MIAMI HERALD

MiamiHerald.com

SPORTS

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

Contador escapes doping ban, set to keep Tour win BY PAUL LOGOTHETIS Associated Press

MADRID — Alberto Contador was cleared of doping Tuesday after the Spanish cycling federation reversed its proposal to ban him one year for a positive test at the Tour de France. Contador will keep his third Tour title and can ride in this year’s race, but the International Cycling Union and the World Anti-Doping Agency can appeal the decision to the Court of Arbitration for Sport. Contador tested positive for the banned substance clenbuterol during last year’s Tour. He blamed the result on eating contaminated beef. “Justice has been served,” Contador’s lawyer, Andy

Police seek gambling charges against sumos BY MARI YAMAGUCHI Associated Press

TOKYO — Japanese police sought charges Tuesday against two senior sumo wrestlers in an alleged gambling scam. The wrestlers — both active in the sport’s secondhighest division — are suspected of gambling on baseball games. Police say gangsters were involved in the gambling as bookies and possibly taking profits on the bets. Police submitted their request for formal charges Tuesday to the Tokyo District Prosecutors’ Office, which will decide whether to pursue the case against the two wrestlers and seven other suspects, police said. The two wrestlers were identified as Daido, 28, from Tokyo, and Shironoryu, 27, from Mongolia. Police declined to give details about the remaining suspects. The nine were suspected of betting in a gambling ring allegedly organized by a group of four people, including a former wrestler, who were arrested last month. If convicted, the two could face fines of up to $5,000 and the organizers could get up to five years in prison.

Ramos, told The Associated Press. The ruling came three weeks after the Spanish federation recommended a reduced one-year suspension rather than the standard two-year penalty. Contador’s team then pushed for him to be cleared and face no punishment. “We received the case dossier and now Alberto can ride,” Ramos said at the federation’s headquarters. “The UCI will now study the dossier. From our perspective there is nothing to appeal and we hope the decision is not appealed by the UCI.” The UCI, cycling’s governing body, said it was waiting to receive all the documents and will decide on a possible appeal within 30 days.

“The UCI reserves the right to conduct an in-depth study of the reasons behind the decision before expressing its opinion,” the UCI said while noting discrepancies in the initial proposal of a one-year ban and Tuesday’s verdict. The UCI conﬁrmed Contador is cleared to race pending any appeal rulings from CAS. The UCI has one month to appeal the federation’s decision, while WADA has another 21 days after that. Any appeals process is expected to last until at least June, with the Tour beginning July 2. Contador is expected to race for his new Saxo BankSunguard team at the Tour of the Algarve, a ﬁve-stage race through southern Portugal that begins Wednes-

day. Contador, the two-time defending champion, is expected to discuss the decision Tuesday in a television interview. “If everything goes well, the rider will take the start, tomorrow, at the Tour of the Algarve,” Contador spokesman Jacinto Vidarte said. After learning of the proposed one-year suspension nearly three weeks ago, Contador vowed to ﬁght any ban, calling himself a victim of antiquated and ﬂawed doping regulations. “It’s a question of honor, defending your pride and your innocence,” the 28year-old Spaniard said at the time. Contador presented further evidence based on UCI and WADA rules that allow

the “elimination” of a punishment if the athlete can demonstrate “no fault or negligence.” A minute trace of clenbuterol was discovered in his test. Spain’s Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero added extra pressure on the committee last week by saying “there’s no legal reason to justify sanctioning Contador.” Contador says he ate meat contaminated with clenbuterol on a rest day during the tour in July. He avoided becoming only the second cyclist to lose his Tour title after Floyd Landis, who was stripped of his 2006 Tour victory after a positive test. Contador’s case highlights a growing concern that clen-

Tottenham wins; Schalke holds Valencia • SOCCER, FROM 8B

opening minutes when Alessandro Nesta appeared to lean and use his arm to block Rafael van der Vaart’s cross. After a tight ﬁrst half, Tottenham goalkeeper Heurelho Gomes pulled off ﬁne saves from two Mario Yepes headers to keep his side in the match. Mathieu Flamini was fortunate not to be sent off after a two-footed challenge on Tottenham defender Vedran Corluka, who was carried off and later reemerged on crutches with his right foot wrapped up. “How has he not got a red card for that?’’ Tottenham manager Harry Redknapp said. “It’s an absolute disgrace, they [UEFA] should look at that, surely, and do something about it. It’s a dangerous, dangerous tackle. They lost their heads a bit at the end.’’ After Crouch’s sixth goal in eight European matches this season, Zlatan Ibrahimovic thought he had equalized in stoppage time, but his overhead kick was ruled out for a two-handed push into the back of Tottenham captain Michael Dawson. “It was a great game of football,’’ Crouch said. “I thought we limited them to not many chances and I think we were the better side. It’s a fantastic achievement. I just had to keep up with Azza [Lennon] at the end [for the goal].’’ Raul now leads AC Milan

JOSE JORDAN/AFP-GETTY IMAGES

ON TARGET: Schalke striker Raul, left, shoots to score against Valencia’s defender David Navarro during their Champions League match in Valencia on Tuesday. The match ended 1-1. striker Filippo Inzaghi by one goal in the overall UEFA tally, having scored 71 goals in European competitions. The latest came at the Mestalla Stadium when he held off defender David Na-

varro before slotting a shot inside the far post beyond outstretched goalkeeper Vicente Guaita. Substitute Junmin Hao came close to grabbing a winner for Schalke in the

90th but he was denied by Guaita’s ﬁngertip save. Valencia went ahead in the 17th minute at home when Soldado redirected Jeremy Mathieu’s deep cross past goalkeeper Manuel

If it’s all about pitching, then it’s about Phillies • PHILLIES, FROM 8B

Lee would not have been here Monday morning, chatting and laughing with Halladay, Oswalt and Hamels at a table in the clubhouse, without a ﬁve-year, $120 million contract. The New York Yankees offered $148 million across seven years, and the Texas Rangers were said to have bid $120 million over six years, with a vesting option for a seventh, to keep him. The Phillies’ offer had the highest average annual value, at $24 million. But Lee also felt a pull back to Philadelphia, where he pitched in the 2009 World Series. Amaro traded him to Seattle for prospects that December, acquiring Halladay from Toronto at the same time. Lee bounced to Texas, pitched in another World Series, and entered free agency with no grudges. “I just honestly stepped

back and looked at each team and evaluated,” he said Monday. “I felt like this is the team that’s going to give me the best chance to win a ring, and hopefully multiple rings. But that was what the decision was based on. “Obviously, the fans had a lot to do with it. They sell out every game. A lot of the stadiums were packed. There was a lot of hype every game. It’s a great feeling playing in that park, and I wanted to come back and do some more of it.” The Phillies have sold out their last 123 games at Citizens Bank Park, a streak that began before Lee arrived in a trade with Cleveland in July 2009. Amaro used prospects in that deal, did so again in the Halladay trade, and once more last July to snag Oswalt from Houston. “The organization has done a phenomenal job of getting guys,” said Hamels,

a ﬁrst-round draft pick in 2002. “Everybody really talks about, in the postseason, it’s all about pitching. We have guys with postseason experience, and you want that. “I think we’re just fortunate enough to be in this sort of situation, because I know when I was drafted by the Phillies, the whole team’s almost completely different. Everything evolves.” Hamels and Lee spoke at a news conference in the media lunchroom Monday, at a table with Halladay, Oswalt and Joe Blanton. A reporter noted that Hamels was the only one with a World Series ring, and Blanton, who won a game and homered against Tampa Bay in 2008, spoke up. “I got one, too,” he said. “I know you forget about me, but that’s OK.” Blanton has started on opening day — for Oakland in 2008 — but the ﬁfth start-

er on a decorated staff is an afterthought. Lee acknowledged as much, in a way, when asked to name a comparable rotation. “The best rotation I can remember is the Braves back with Glavine, Smoltz, Steve Avery and Maddux,” Lee said. “I mean, that was I don’t even remember who the fifth guy was, but those four were pretty dang good.” The first season of that Braves’ foursome was 1993, when the Phillies, of all teams, upended Atlanta in the playoffs. (The fifth starter, Pete Smith, was not a factor.) The Braves won the next World Series, but a dazzling rotation guarantees nothing. Other examples abound. The Cincinnati Reds won two World Series in the mid1970s, then acquired Tom Seaver and could not get back. The New York Mets could not reach the playoffs with David Cone, Frank Vi-

ola, Dwight Gooden and Sid Fernandez. Halladay said he once wanted to play for the Oakland Athletics with Tim Hudson, Mark Mulder and Barry Zito. That team won no pennants, either. Last October, in the National League Championship Series, Halladay, Hamels and Oswalt each lost to the San Francisco Giants. Lee lost twice to the Giants in the World Series. “Sometimes people forget how hard it is to win,” Phillies manager Charlie Manuel said, though Phillies fans should not need the reminder. It is true that only a championship could meet expectations for a rotation this good. And with a left-leaning offense that did not replace Jayson Werth, the Phillies have questions. But for the only franchise in baseball with 10,000 losses, times have never been better.

Uncle Mo leading the way to Kentucky Derby • DERBY, FROM 8B

Sunday in Florida, after Uncle Mo breezed a rapid halfmile of 47.45 seconds in his third timed work of the winter, Pletcher was downright effusive — for him. “He did it effortlessly,” Pletcher told reporters. “It’s amazing what a couple of works have done for his ﬁtness level. I feel like I’m ahead of schedule.”

buterol can be consumed unwittingly by eating meat from animals who were fed the drug, which helps burn fat and build muscle. It is on WADA’s zero-tolerance list. In a separate case, WADA chose not to appeal to CAS after the German table tennis federation decided not to ban Dimitrij Ovtcharov. Ovtcharov tested positive for a minute trace of clenbuterol from meat eaten in China. Contador — one of only ﬁve cyclists to win the Tour, Giro d’Italia and Spanish Vuelta — also won Tour titles in 2007 and 2009. He was unable to defend his ﬁrst title in 2008 after his Astana team was banned for doping.

Ahead for Uncle Mo is a steady work tab and an abbreviated race schedule. He will have two preps before the Kentucky Derby: the Tampa Bay Derby on March 12 and the Wood Memorial on April 9. Last year, Pletcher gave Super Saver two preps, and the colt brought home the trainer’s ﬁrst Derby victory. Mine That Bird (2009), Big Brown (2008) and Street

Sense (2007) were raced only twice as 3-year-olds on the way to their Derby triumphs. Maybe it is time for the racing gods to roll out the red carpet for a superstar. History suggests, however, that $600 spent in February to be in the Triple Crown can go a long way in May. About this time in 1989, as racing enthusiasts were ﬁt-

ting Easy Goer for the blanket of roses, Charlie Whittingham was training Sunday Silence, a colt he owned with Ernest Gaillard and Arthur Hancock III. The colt had not done much — won once in three races, none of them in stakes. But Whittingham liked how Sunday Silence was progressing. When the colt followed an allowance victory in

March with winning efforts in the San Felipe Stakes and the Santa Anita Derby, Whittingham and his partners knew they were taking a special horse to Churchill Downs. The rest, as they say, is history: Sunday Silence upset Easy Goer in the Derby, and beat him again in the Preakness, before losing to Easy Goer in the Belmont.

Neuer at the near post. Valencia hasn’t beaten Schalke in three games at the Mestalla, with all ending in draws. Its last win over a German opponent on home soil was in 1996.

NBA EASTERN CONFERENCE Atlantic Boston New York Philadelphia New Jersey Toronto

W 39 27 26 17 15

L 14 26 28 39 40

Pct GB .736 — .509 12 .481 131/2 .304 231/2 .273 25

Southeast Miami Atlanta Orlando Charlotte Washington

W 39 34 35 24 15

L 15 20 21 31 38

Pct GB .722 — .630 5 .625 5 .436 151/2 .283 231/2

Central Chicago Indiana Milwaukee Detroit Cleveland

W 36 24 21 20 9

L 16 28 33 36 46

Pct GB .692 — .462 12 .389 16 .357 18 .164 281/2

WESTERN CONFERENCE Southwest San Antonio Dallas New Orleans Memphis Houston

W 46 38 33 30 26

L 9 16 23 26 30

Pct .836 .704 .589 .536 .464

Northwest Oklahoma City Portland Utah Denver Minnesota

W 34 31 31 31 13

L 19 24 24 25 42

Pct GB .642 — .564 4 .564 4 .554 41/2 .236 22

Pacific L.A. Lakers Phoenix Golden State L.A. Clippers Sacramento

W 38 26 24 20 13

L 18 26 29 35 38

Pct .679 .500 .453 .364 .255

MONDAY’S GAMES Charlotte 109, L.A. Lakers 89 San Antonio 102, New Jersey 85 Atlanta 94, Detroit 79 Milwaukee 102, L.A. Clippers 78 Portland 95, Minnesota 81 Houston 121, Denver 102

GB — 71/2 131/2 161/2 201/2

GB — 10 121/2 171/2 221/2

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2011

MiamiHerald.com

INTERNATIONAL EDITION

THE MIAMI HERALD

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NFL files complaint against union BY JONATHAN TAMARI

The Philadelphia Inquirer

The NFL and its players union have gone from bargaining to legal action in just a few days. The sides sat down to talk last week, but a follow-up meeting was canceled and the league has charged that the NFL Players Association is not bargaining in good faith. The owners’ ﬁling with the National Labor Relations Board accuses the players of “surface bargaining” designed to “run out the clock” on the current collective

bargaining agreement, which expires March 3. If that date passed and a lockout begins, the players could decertify their union and bring an antitrust suit against the league, which the complaint says is the NFLPA’s true goal. The NFL asked the board to force the union to bargain in good faith, a move which could cut off the path to decertiﬁcation and an antitrust charge. The union said the ﬁling “has absolutely no merit.” “The players didn’t walk out, and the players can’t lock out. Play-

ers want a fair, new and long-term deal. We have offered proposals and solutions on every issue the owners have raised,” the NFLPA said in a statement. The NFL’s ﬁling is part of the legal dance as both sides use threats of lawsuits to gain leverage. The NFLPA has raised the prospect of decertifying their union, which would open the door to an anti-trust suit, a tactic that helped the players win a battle over free agency in the l a t e 1980s and early 1990s. The league challenged the

NFLPA on similar grounds then, without success, according to Tulane law professor Gabriel Feldman, who recently wrote about the issue on the Hufﬁngton Post. Eagles players have already voted to authorize decertifying the union if needed. Meanwhile, talk about a player boycott of the upcoming NFL scouting combine quickly ﬁzzled on a Monday conference call between agents and the NFLPA. The NFL is pushing for a rookie wage scale, but a boycott could hurt players attempting to improve their draft stock.

• TURN TO SOCCER, 7B

• TURN TO DERBY, 7B

LUCA BRUNO/AP

LONDON — Peter Crouch’s valuable away goal for Tottenham secured a 1-0 victory at AC Milan and Raul Gonzalez also scored on the road in Schalke’s 1-1 draw at Valencia as the Champions League last-16 phase began Tuesday. Aaron Lennon launched an electrifying counterattack from inside the Tottenham half before sweeping the ball across for Crouch to score in the 80th minute.

“When I beat the ﬁrst defender and saw Crouchy was free I was always going to put it across to him,” Lennon said. A heated second-half ended at the San Siro with Milan midﬁelder Gennaro Gattuso charging toward the Tottenham bench and headbutting assistant coach Joe Jordan having been involved in an earlier altercation. “[Gattuso] always seems to get involved, he got involved with me as well as Joe Jordan,” Crouch said.

The night’s other match in Valencia was calmer despite Schalke midfielder Lukas Schmitz being sent off for a second booking toward the end. Raul marked his return to Spain for the first time since his offseason move from Real Madrid by extending his Champions League record to 69 goals when he canceled out Roberto Soldado’s first-half goal for Valencia. The second batch of last-16 matches is on Wednesday when Barcelona is at Arsenal AS Roma hosts Shakhtar Donetsk.

New York Times Service

Tottenham returned Tuesday to the scene of one of the most startling results in Europe this season. The competition newcomers recovered from 4-0 down at the San Siro to narrowly lose 4-3 against Inter Milan in the group stage. But this time, Tottenham was without speedy midﬁelder Gareth Bale, who scored a hat trick against AC Milan’s rival. Spurs were aggrieved not to have been awarded a penalty in the

Tottenham beats Milan at San Siro Associated Press

BY JOE DRAPE

It was Red Smith who best distilled the irrepressible optimism that washes over any horseman with a promising 3-year-old at this time of the year: “Owners still believe that anything with a leg on each corner has a chance in Louisville.” Sure enough, 364 horses have been nominated to contest the 2011 running of the Triple Crown. And why not? It costs only $600 to hold a place in the gate for the 137th running of the Kentucky Derby, or the 136th renewal of the Preakness Stakes, or the 143rd Belmont Stakes. Showing that a horse belongs in the field is a whole lot harder. The Derby, of course, is the most celebrated of the three, and only 20 horses — decided by earnings in graded stakes — make it into the gate of the United States’ greatest horse race. Barring injury, an inexplicable reverse in form, or a horsenapping, Uncle Mo is the colt to beat on May 7 at Churchill Downs in Louisville. Uncle Mo, a son of Indian Charlie, is the undefeated 2-yearold champion who was last seen effortlessly running away with the Breeders’ Cup Juvenile by four and a quarter lengths. Not since Easy Goer in 1989, not even Arazi in 1992, has there been such early anticipation of a preternatural horse taking dead aim at the Triple Crown and hitting all three targets, a feat that has not been accomplished since Affirmed in 1978. Beyond the three virtuoso performances Uncle Mo has turned in, the notion that he may be a oncein-a-lifetime horse has hardly been tempered by the colt’s connections. He is owned by Mike Repole, an ebullient son of New York whose mantra “Think Big, Dream Bigger” has paid off handsomely in his business life. “I could live 200 years and never have a horse this good,” Repole said. Repole, 42, is a co-founder of Glaceau, the maker of Vitaminwater and Smartwater. In 2007, Coca-Cola bought Glaceau for $4.1 billion, which has allowed him to become a key investor in the health-food chain Energy Kitchen and the chairman and majority owner of Pirate Brands, maker of the snack food Pirate’s Booty. He also is exploring the possibility of buying into his beloved Mets, whose owners, Fred Wilpon and Saul Katz, are embroiled in a lawsuit filed against them by the trustee representing the victims of Bernard L. Madoff’s multibillion-dollar Ponzi scheme. Even Todd Pletcher, the usually poker-faced trainer of Uncle Mo, cannot beat back his excitement. He has said Uncle Mo does not necessarily need to improve in the coming months, but merely hold the form he had last year. On

IN CONTROL: Tottenham Hotspur forward Peter Crouch, left, winning a ball against AC Milan midfielder Ignazio Abate during their Champions League round of 16 first leg match in Milan on Tuesday.

BY ROB HARRIS

Uncle Mo leads way to Kentucky Derby

BY TYLER KEPNER

New York Times Service

“David doesn’t say ‘no’ a whole lot to me,” general manager Ruben Amaro Jr. said. “I don’t know how else to describe it. One of the best things about working for this organization is your bosses have faith to allow you to do what you think is good for the club.” Amaro, whose father played shortstop for the star-crossed 1964 Phillies, joined the front ofﬁce in 1998 after batting .187 for a losing Phillies team. Historically, that is usually redundant. The Phillies have ﬁnished in last place 31 times, and they reached the playoffs just once in 23 seasons before 2007. But Amaro was there for the glory years, too, as a bat boy in 1980 and as a spare part for the rowdy pennant-winners of 1993. The concept of the Phillies as a glamour franchise seemed possible. “I knew the fan base would be there, because of their loyalty,” he said.

CLEARWATER, Fla. — David Montgomery and Chris Wheeler stood off to the side of a Philadelphia Phillies practice ﬁeld this week, remembering the old days. Both joined the Phillies 40 years ago, and now Montgomery runs the team as the general partner. He agreed with Wheeler, a broadcaster, that no spring training had this much buzz since 1979, Pete Rose’s ﬁrst with the team. The Phillies won the World Series a year later. They won again in 2008, and since then have added three aces: Roy Halladay, Roy Oswalt and Cliff Lee — twice. Lee’s return, Montgomery said, highlights the atmosphere the Phillies have strived to create. A hitter’s park in a demanding town is now a destination for the game’s best pitchers. Halladay and Oswalt waived no-trade clauses to come to the Phillies. Lee took less guaranteed money to come back as a free agent. Add those three to the homegrown Cole Hamels — the most valuable player of the 2008 World Series — and the Phil• TURN TO PHILLIES, 7B lies are dreaming big.

GEARING UP: Philadelphia Phillies’ Cole Hamels throws during spring training workouts on Monday in Clearwater, Fla.

ERIC GAY/AP

If it’s about pitching, it’s about Phillies