CHINDIA, THE 21st CENTURY CHALLENGE
REBUILDING THE SILK ROAD(S)
the “Second Euro-Asian transcontinental bridge” (the first being the Transiberian railroad): an 11.000-km steel artery starting from the port of Lianyungang (Chinese Pacific coast), crossing all the country through Xingjian, from there into Kazakhstan and then via Russia to Europe until Rotterdam. A new route, which is considerably shorter than the sea lanes and the existing Transiberian, is now operating between Europe and Asia. However, the potential of this link has not been fully exploited yet.5 The absence of a common approach and of a clear strategy coped with the attempts to maximize national short-sighted interests of the post-Soviet countries. This, combined with the fact that China continued to perform its transhipments without taking enough into account the international conventions, has created a situation where international standards are not met. So, only a small amount of goods went along the full-length extension of the new artery. Nevertheless, China has fully reached its objectives. The fast creation of transport communications became the essence of the Chinese success in developing its peripheral regions, now crossed by a massive “development corridor”. By creating a powerful infrastructure, Beijing has set the basis to make Xingjian the future core of communications between APR, India and the rest of Eurasia. Misinformation on the problems of the Uighur minority cannot conceal the fact that the Chinese work in the region has transformed it from a marginal area into a bridge connecting neighboring civilizations. Here and in the other territories crossed by the new arteries an enormous work was accomplished to fully electrify a number of lines and industrial areas. The Chinese experience offered to the post-Soviet world a brilliant example of how to solve the most serious internal problem of continental countries troubled by big internal imbalances between urban areas and vast rural peripheries, that require huge infrastructural investments to be developed. This example is particularly important on a theoretical level. Without State-driven development policies – the real precondition to successful private initiative – and public regulation of the financial market there could be no economic success similar to the one that China has realized in the last years. This is a lesson valid also for Europe. It should be also noticed the importance of ITC development as a means to positively orient Chinese foreign policy. This was especially true for Kazakhstan-Chinese relations as far as Beijing effort has met Astana’s parallel infrastructural engagements, leading to several concrete bilateral projects. However, in recent years, China's aspirations chocked against the rising instability stemming from the U.S. policy aimed at maintaining the dollar's exchange rate. The difficulties arising from this situation call for a more consistent involvement of Europe and Russia in ITC’s development.
5
I. Azovskij, Ћeleznye dorogi stran Central;noj Azii: problemy i perspektivy, «Central'naja Azija i Kavkaz», n. 1 (31), 2004, pp. 148-154.
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